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B1 noun #7,000 よく出る 6分で読める

Erbschaft

上位7,000

練習する例文メモとヒント Erbschaft 30秒で

解説 Erbschaft in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'Erbschaft' often, but you might hear it in very simple stories about families. Think of it as 'money from a family member who died.' You might say: 'Mein Opa ist tot. Ich bekomme Geld. Das ist eine Erbschaft.' It is a big word for a simple idea: getting things from your family after they pass away. Focus on the fact that it is 'die Erbschaft' (feminine). You can remember it by linking it to 'Familie' (family), which is also feminine. At this level, just knowing that it means 'inheritance' is enough.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you can start using 'Erbschaft' in basic sentences about your life or family history. You might learn that it comes from the verb 'erben' (to inherit). You can use it with simple verbs like 'haben' (to have) or 'bekommen' (to get). For example: 'Meine Mutter hat eine Erbschaft von ihrer Tante bekommen.' You should also be aware that in Germany, an inheritance isn't just money; it can be a house (ein Haus) or even problems (Probleme). You might also see it in simple news headlines about rich people.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B1 level, you should be able to discuss 'Erbschaft' in the context of personal plans and social issues. You will use more specific verbs like 'antreten' (to take up/accept) or 'ausschlagen' (to refuse). You can talk about the 'Erbschaftssteuer' (inheritance tax) and how it affects people. This is the level where you distinguish between 'das Erbe' (the legacy) and 'die Erbschaft' (the estate). You might participate in a discussion about whether it is fair to inherit a lot of money without working for it. Your sentences will become more complex: 'Obwohl die Erbschaft groß war, gab es viele Streitigkeiten in der Familie.'

At the B2 level, you use 'Erbschaft' with confidence in legal and formal contexts. You understand the nuances between 'Erbschaft', 'Nachlass', and 'Vermächtnis'. you can explain the legal consequences of accepting an inheritance in Germany, including the liability for debts. You can read newspaper articles about 'Erbschaftsangelegenheiten' and understand the formal language used. You might use the word metaphorically to describe a 'politische Erbschaft' (political legacy). Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'Pflichtteil' (mandatory share) and 'Testament' (will).

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you can analyze the societal implications of 'Erbschaft' in detail. You can discuss the 'Erbschaftswelle' (wave of inheritances) in Germany and its impact on wealth distribution. You are comfortable with complex grammatical structures involving the word, such as 'Die mit der Erbschaft verbundenen Verpflichtungen...' (The obligations associated with the inheritance...). You can appreciate the literary use of the word in classic texts and understand the subtle emotional connotations it carries in different social classes. You can write formal letters or essays regarding estate management.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the word 'Erbschaft' and all its legal, historical, and metaphorical dimensions. You can navigate complex legal documents regarding 'Erbschaftsrecht' (inheritance law) with ease. You can engage in high-level academic or philosophical debates about the ethics of inheritance. You understand obscure idioms and historical references related to the word. You can use 'Erbschaft' in a highly nuanced way to describe complex historical legacies that shape modern national identity. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

Erbschaft 30秒で

Erbschaft means inheritance in German, referring to the total estate (assets and debts) left by a deceased person to their legal heirs.
It is a feminine noun (die Erbschaft) and is commonly used in legal, financial, and formal family contexts across German-speaking countries.
Unlike the broader term 'Erbe', which can mean legacy, 'Erbschaft' specifically focuses on the legal transfer of property and financial obligations.
Key actions associated with it include 'antreten' (accepting) or 'ausschlagen' (renouncing) the inheritance, often involving the 'Erbschaftsteuer' (inheritance tax).

The German word Erbschaft refers to the totality of assets, rights, and obligations that pass from a deceased person to their heirs. While the English word 'inheritance' covers similar ground, Erbschaft often carries a more formal, legal weight in German discourse. It encompasses not just money and property, but also debts and legal responsibilities. In Germany, the concept is deeply rooted in the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (Civil Code), which dictates how estates are handled. People use this word most frequently in legal contexts, family discussions about the future, or when dealing with banks and tax authorities after a relative has passed away.

Legal Context: The formal process of transferring ownership from the deceased (Erblasser) to the heir (Erbe).
Financial Context: Refers to the specific monetary value or assets received, often subject to the Erbschaftsteuer (inheritance tax).
Metaphorical Context: Can refer to cultural or intellectual legacies left behind by previous generations.

Nach dem Tod seines Onkels trat er eine beträchtliche Erbschaft an, die sowohl Immobilien als auch Schulden umfasste.

Understanding Erbschaft requires recognizing that in Germany, an inheritance is accepted as a whole. You cannot simply pick the 'good' parts; if you accept the Erbschaft, you also accept any liabilities. This leads to the common legal action of Erbausschlagung (renouncing the inheritance) if the debts outweigh the assets. Culturally, discussing one's Erbschaft can be a sensitive topic, often associated with both grief and the practical complexities of estate management. It is a word that bridges the emotional gap between losing a loved one and the bureaucratic reality of settling their affairs.

Die steuerlichen Regelungen für eine Erbschaft sind in Deutschland sehr komplex.

Sie stritten sich jahrelang um die gerechte Aufteilung der Erbschaft.

Eine Erbschaft kann das Leben eines Menschen von Grund auf verändern.

Er verzichtete freiwillig auf seine Erbschaft zugunsten seiner Geschwister.

Using Erbschaft correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender (feminine) and its typical verb pairings. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object of a sentence, often appearing with verbs like erhalten (to receive), hinterlassen (to leave behind), or verwalten (to manage). Because it is a formal term, it is frequently found in passive constructions or complex sentences involving legal conditions.

With Accusative: Ich habe eine kleine Erbschaft gemacht. (I received a small inheritance.)
With Genitive: Der Wert der Erbschaft wurde vom Finanzamt geschätzt. (The value of the inheritance was estimated by the tax office.)
With Prepositions: Wir sprachen über die Erbschaft meiner Großmutter. (We spoke about my grandmother's inheritance.)

In everyday German, people might use the shorter word Erbe to mean the same thing, but Erbschaft is the precise term for the entire estate. When constructing sentences, remember that Erbschaft is a countable noun, though it is usually used in the singular when referring to a specific person's estate. The plural Erbschaften is used when discussing multiple estates or inheritance cases in general.

Es ist wichtig, die Erbschaft innerhalb der gesetzlichen Frist anzunehmen oder auszuschlagen.

Furthermore, Erbschaft often appears in compound nouns, which are a hallmark of German sentence structure. Words like Erbschaftsangelegenheit (inheritance matter) or Erbschaftsstreit (inheritance dispute) allow for very specific communication. When using these, the 's' is often added as a connecting element (Fugen-s).

You are most likely to encounter Erbschaft in formal environments. If you are watching a German crime drama (like Tatort), the motive for a murder is often a disputed Erbschaft. In news reports, you will hear it during discussions about wealth inequality or changes to the Erbschaftsteuer (inheritance tax laws). It is a staple of the business and legal sections of newspapers like the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung.

However, it also appears in personal life. When a family member passes away, the Nachlassgericht (probate court) will send documents regarding the Erbschaft. You might hear a friend say, 'Ich habe eine kleine Erbschaft gemacht,' to explain how they suddenly had enough money for a new car or a down payment on a house. In these cases, it’s used to denote a stroke of financial luck, albeit one tinged with loss.

Im Radio diskutierten Experten über die soziale Gerechtigkeit von Erbschaften.

The word also features prominently in literature and history. Classic German novels often revolve around the theme of a 'verlorene Erbschaft' (lost inheritance) or the burden of a 'schweren Erbschaft' (heavy legacy/inheritance), referring to the historical or moral weight passed down from previous generations. In political speeches, 'die Erbschaft der Vergangenheit' (the legacy of the past) is a common phrase to describe the lasting impact of historical events on contemporary society.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing Erbschaft with Erbe. While they are related, they are not always interchangeable. Das Erbe (neuter) usually refers to the abstract legacy or the heritage (like 'Weltkulturerbe' - World Cultural Heritage), whereas die Erbschaft (feminine) refers specifically to the legal estate and assets left by a deceased person. Furthermore, der Erbe (masculine) refers to the male heir.

Mistake: Using 'der Erbschaft': Correct: 'Die Erbschaft'. It is always feminine.
Mistake: Confusing 'Erbe' and 'Erbschaft': 'Das Erbe' is the legacy; 'Die Erbschaft' is the legal inheritance of property/money.

Another common error is the incorrect use of the verb erben (to inherit) in conjunction with the noun. You don't 'inherit an inheritance' (eine Erbschaft erben) in German; rather, you 'receive an inheritance' (eine Erbschaft erhalten) or simply 'inherit something' (etwas erben). Using both together is redundant and sounds unnatural to native speakers.

While Erbschaft is the most common term for inheritance, several synonyms and related words exist depending on the context. Understanding these nuances will make your German sound more sophisticated and precise.

Der Nachlass: This is a more formal, legal term often used by courts and lawyers. It refers to everything the deceased left behind. Example: 'Der Nachlass wird verwaltet.'
Das Erbe: As mentioned, this can mean 'legacy' or 'heritage'. It is broader than 'Erbschaft'. Example: 'Das kulturelle Erbe.'
Das Vermächtnis: This usually refers to a specific bequest in a will (a 'legacy' of a specific item or sum), rather than the whole estate. It also has a strong metaphorical sense of a 'testament' or 'message' left behind.
Die Hinterlassenschaft: A very formal word for things left behind, often used in a neutral or even negative sense (like 'the mess left behind').

Choosing the right word depends on whether you are talking about the legal process (Nachlass), the money you got (Erbschaft), or the cultural impact of a person (Erbe/Vermächtnis).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The suffix '-schaft' is related to the English '-ship' (as in friendship/Freundschaft), indicating a state or a collective whole. So 'Erbschaft' is literally 'the state of being an inheritance'.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈɛːpʃaft/

US /ˈɛrbʃɑːft/

Stress is on the first syllable: ERB-schaft.

韻が合う語

Nachbarschaft Wissenschaft Mannschaft Gesellschaft Landschaft Botschaft Kundschaft Eigenschaft

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'b' as a soft 'b' instead of a 'p' sound (due to final devoicing/Auslautverhärtung).
Making the 'a' in 'schaft' too long.
Forgetting the 'sch' sound and saying 's-chaft'.
Stress on the second syllable.
Mispronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of a German uvular or vocalic 'r'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts, though legal context can be dense.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of gender and compound noun rules.

スピーキング 4/5

Pronunciation of 'sch' and 'ft' together can be tricky.

リスニング 3/5

Clear pronunciation usually makes it easy to catch.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

erben Familie Geld Tod Haus

次に学ぶ

Erbschaftssteuer Nachlassgericht Pflichtteil Testament Vermächtnis

上級

Universalsukzession Erbausschlagung Erbengemeinschaft Nacherbe Vorerbe

知っておくべき文法

Fugen-s in Compounds

Erbschaft + s + Steuer = Erbschaftssteuer

Genitive Case for Possession

Das Ende der Erbschaft.

Dative after 'mit'

Mit der Erbschaft kaufte er ein Haus.

Substantivierte Adjektive

Das Hinterlassene (The left-behind things).

Passive Voice in Legal contexts

Die Erbschaft wird verteilt.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Die Erbschaft ist groß.

The inheritance is big.

Subject in nominative case.

Ist das eine Erbschaft?

Is that an inheritance?

Question structure.

Sie hat eine Erbschaft.

She has an inheritance.

Direct object in accusative.

Meine Erbschaft ist ein Haus.

My inheritance is a house.

Possessive pronoun 'meine'.

Keine Erbschaft für ihn.

No inheritance for him.

Negation with 'keine'.

Das Geld kommt aus einer Erbschaft.

The money comes from an inheritance.

Preposition 'aus' + dative.

Die Erbschaft ist für die Kinder.

The inheritance is for the children.

Preposition 'für' + accusative.

Wo ist die Erbschaft?

Where is the inheritance?

Interrogative 'wo'.

Er bekam eine kleine Erbschaft von seinem Opa.

He got a small inheritance from his grandpa.

Past tense 'bekam'.

Wir müssen über die Erbschaft sprechen.

We must talk about the inheritance.

Modal verb 'müssen'.

Die Erbschaft war eine Überraschung.

The inheritance was a surprise.

Präteritum of 'sein'.

Sie kauft ein Auto mit der Erbschaft.

She buys a car with the inheritance.

Preposition 'mit' + dative.

Gibt es Probleme mit der Erbschaft?

Are there problems with the inheritance?

Phrase 'Gibt es'.

Die Erbschaft hilft der Familie.

The inheritance helps the family.

Verb 'helfen' + dative.

Er schreibt einen Brief wegen der Erbschaft.

He is writing a letter because of the inheritance.

Preposition 'wegen' + genitive/dative.

Meine Tante hinterließ mir eine Erbschaft.

My aunt left me an inheritance.

Verb 'hinterlassen'.

Er hat die Erbschaft sofort angetreten.

He took up the inheritance immediately.

Perfect tense with 'antreten'.

Die Erbschaftsteuer ist in diesem Fall sehr hoch.

The inheritance tax is very high in this case.

Compound noun.

Sie stritten sich wochenlang um die Erbschaft.

They argued for weeks about the inheritance.

Reflexive verb 'sich streiten'.

Ohne die Erbschaft hätte er das Haus nicht kaufen können.

Without the inheritance, he wouldn't have been able to buy the house.

Konjunktiv II.

Die Erbschaft bestand aus wertvollen Gemälden.

The inheritance consisted of valuable paintings.

Verb 'bestehen aus'.

Er überlegt, die Erbschaft auszuschlagen.

He is considering renouncing the inheritance.

Infinitive with 'zu'.

Das Gericht regelt die Verteilung der Erbschaft.

The court regulates the distribution of the inheritance.

Genitive case 'der Erbschaft'.

Eine Erbschaft kann oft zu Konflikten führen.

An inheritance can often lead to conflicts.

Modal verb 'kann'.

Die rechtliche Abwicklung der Erbschaft dauerte Monate.

The legal processing of the inheritance took months.

Noun-verb combination.

Es gibt Freibeträge bei der Erbschaft von nahen Verwandten.

There are tax-free allowances for inheritances from close relatives.

Legal terminology.

Er wurde durch eine unerwartete Erbschaft zum Millionär.

He became a millionaire through an unexpected inheritance.

Preposition 'durch' + accusative.

Die Erbschaft war mit strengen Auflagen verbunden.

The inheritance was tied to strict conditions.

Passive-like construction.

Trotz der Erbschaft blieb er bescheiden.

Despite the inheritance, he remained humble.

Preposition 'trotz' + genitive.

Sie müssen die Erbschaft beim Finanzamt anmelden.

You must report the inheritance to the tax office.

Formal obligation.

Die Erbschaft umfasste auch die Schulden des Verstorbenen.

The inheritance also included the debts of the deceased.

Verb 'umfassen'.

Er hat seinen Anteil an der Erbschaft bereits verkauft.

He has already sold his share of the inheritance.

Noun 'Anteil' + preposition 'an'.

Die Erbschaftswelle stellt die Gesellschaft vor neue Herausforderungen.

The wave of inheritances presents society with new challenges.

Abstract societal context.

Die Verwaltung einer komplexen Erbschaft erfordert juristischen Beistand.

Managing a complex inheritance requires legal assistance.

Gerund-like noun 'Verwaltung'.

Sie fühlte sich von der Last der Erbschaft erdrückt.

She felt crushed by the burden of the inheritance.

Metaphorical usage.

Die Erbschaft wurde testamentarisch genau geregelt.

The inheritance was precisely regulated by will.

Adverb 'testamentarisch'.

Kritiker fordern eine höhere Besteuerung großer Erbschaften.

Critics demand higher taxation of large inheritances.

Plural 'Erbschaften'.

Die Erbschaft ermöglichte ihr eine finanzielle Unabhängigkeit.

The inheritance enabled her to have financial independence.

Verb 'ermöglichen'.

Er sah die Erbschaft als Verpflichtung gegenüber seinen Vorfahren.

He saw the inheritance as an obligation to his ancestors.

Prepositional phrase 'als Verpflichtung'.

Die Erbschaft wurde unter den Erben einvernehmlich aufgeteilt.

The inheritance was divided among the heirs by mutual agreement.

Adverb 'einvernehmlich'.

Die Erbschaft fungiert hier als Katalysator für familiäre Zerwürfnisse.

The inheritance acts here as a catalyst for family rifts.

Highly formal/academic.

Es gilt, die Erbschaft der Aufklärung im 21. Jahrhundert zu bewahren.

It is necessary to preserve the legacy of the Enlightenment in the 21st century.

Metaphorical/Philosophical.

Die Komplexität der Erbschaft entzieht sich einer einfachen Beurteilung.

The complexity of the inheritance eludes simple judgment.

Reflexive 'sich entziehen'.

In seinem Werk thematisiert er die moralische Ambivalenz jeder Erbschaft.

In his work, he addresses the moral ambivalence of every inheritance.

Literary analysis.

Die Erbschaft ist untrennbar mit der Geschichte des Hauses verknüpft.

The inheritance is inextricably linked to the history of the house.

Adverb 'untrennbar'.

Man muss die Erbschaft im Kontext der damaligen Zeitläufte betrachten.

One must consider the inheritance in the context of the circumstances of that time.

Sophisticated vocabulary 'Zeitläufte'.

Die Erbschaft wurde zum Gegenstand langwieriger völkerrechtlicher Verhandlungen.

The inheritance became the subject of lengthy negotiations under international law.

Political/Legal context.

Jede Generation muss ihre Erbschaft neu bewerten und interpretieren.

Every generation must re-evaluate and interpret its legacy/inheritance.

Universal statement.

よく使う組み合わせ

eine Erbschaft antreten

eine Erbschaft ausschlagen

eine Erbschaft machen

beträchtliche Erbschaft

streitige Erbschaft

Erbschaft versteuern

Erbschaft aufteilen

Erbschaft hinterlassen

Anspruch auf Erbschaft

Teil der Erbschaft

よく使うフレーズ

In Erbschaftsangelegenheiten

— In matters regarding inheritance. Used at the start of formal discussions.

In Erbschaftsangelegenheiten berät Sie unser Anwalt.

Eine Erbschaft von Wert

— A valuable inheritance. Can be literal or metaphorical.

Er hinterließ uns eine Erbschaft von bleibendem Wert.

Um die Erbschaft streiten

— To fight over the inheritance. A common family scenario.

Die Geschwister streiten sich seit Jahren um die Erbschaft.

Die Erbschaft regeln

— To settle or organize the inheritance process.

Wir müssen die Erbschaft noch vor dem Winter regeln.

Eine reiche Erbschaft

— A wealthy/large inheritance.

Sie hofft auf eine reiche Erbschaft.

Die Erbschaft annehmen

— To accept the inheritance formally.

Sie hat sich entschieden, die Erbschaft anzunehmen.

Verzicht auf die Erbschaft

— Renunciation or waiver of the inheritance.

Sein Verzicht auf die Erbschaft überraschte alle.

Erbschaft und Nachlass

— Inheritance and estate. Often used together in legal texts.

Erbschaft und Nachlass wurden genau geprüft.

Informationen zur Erbschaft

— Information about the inheritance.

Hier finden Sie Informationen zur Erbschaft.

Durch Erbschaft reich werden

— To become rich through inheritance.

Er ist durch Erbschaft reich geworden.

よく混同される語

Erbschaft vs Erbe (der)

This refers to the male heir (the person), not the inheritance itself.

Erbschaft vs Erbe (das)

This refers to the abstract legacy or cultural heritage.

Erbschaft vs Erbse

This means 'pea' (the vegetable). Don't mix them up in pronunciation!

慣用句と表現

"Eine schwere Erbschaft antreten"

— To take on a difficult task or a problematic legacy from a predecessor.

Der neue Bürgermeister tritt eine schwere Erbschaft an.

Metaphorical

"Auf eine Erbschaft lauern"

— To greedily wait for someone to die to get their money.

Die Verwandten lauern schon auf die Erbschaft.

Informal/Negative

"Sich um die Erbschaft bringen"

— To do something that causes one to lose their right to inherit.

Durch sein Verhalten hat er sich um die Erbschaft gebracht.

Neutral

"Die Erbschaft der Väter"

— The traditions or world left behind by previous generations.

Wir müssen die Erbschaft der Väter bewahren.

Literary

"In die Erbschaft fallen"

— To be included in the estate (legal).

Das Auto fällt ebenfalls in die Erbschaft.

Formal

"Ein vergiftetes Erbe/Erbschaft"

— An inheritance that brings more trouble than benefit.

Diese Firma ist eine vergiftete Erbschaft.

Metaphorical

"Die Erbschaft verspielen"

— To lose the inherited wealth through gambling or bad choices.

Er hat die ganze Erbschaft in Las Vegas verspielt.

Informal

"Aus der Erbschaft ausscheiden"

— To be removed from the list of heirs.

Er schied freiwillig aus der Erbschaft aus.

Formal

"Die Erbschaft antasten"

— To start spending or using the capital of an inheritance.

Wir sollten die Erbschaft nicht antasten.

Neutral

"Eine Erbschaft machen (informal)"

— To unexpectedly gain something, not necessarily through death.

Da hast du ja eine schöne Erbschaft gemacht!

Sarcastic

間違えやすい

Erbschaft vs Vermächtnis

Both mean something left behind.

Vermächtnis is usually a specific item or a spiritual legacy, while Erbschaft is the whole legal estate.

Sein Vermächtnis war ein altes Buch, seine Erbschaft war das ganze Haus.

Erbschaft vs Nachlass

Often used as synonyms.

Nachlass is the technical legal term for everything left behind; Erbschaft is more common in general language for what is received.

Der Nachlass wird vom Gericht verwaltet.

Erbschaft vs Schenkung

Both involve receiving assets.

Schenkung happens while the giver is alive; Erbschaft happens after death.

Es war keine Erbschaft, sondern eine Schenkung zu Lebzeiten.

Erbschaft vs Erbteil

Both relate to inheritance.

Erbteil is specifically the 'portion' or 'share' one heir receives from the total Erbschaft.

Mein Erbteil an der Erbschaft ist 20 Prozent.

Erbschaft vs Hinterlassenschaft

Very similar meaning.

Hinterlassenschaft is broader and can include non-financial things like a mess or a collection of letters.

Die literarische Hinterlassenschaft des Autors.

文型パターン

Ich habe [Erbschaft] bekommen.

Ich habe eine Erbschaft bekommen.

Wegen [der Erbschaft] [Verb] [Subjekt]...

Wegen der Erbschaft stritten sie sich.

[Subjekt] hat [Erbschaft] angetreten.

Er hat die Erbschaft angetreten.

Die [Erbschaft] besteht aus [Dativ].

Die Erbschaft besteht aus Immobilien.

Es handelt sich um eine [Adjektiv] Erbschaft.

Es handelt sich um eine streitige Erbschaft.

Die mit [der Erbschaft] verbundenen [Nomen]...

Die mit der Erbschaft verbundenen Kosten sind hoch.

[Subjekt] sieht [die Erbschaft] als [Nomen].

Sie sieht die Erbschaft als Chance.

Inwiefern [die Erbschaft] [Verb], bleibt abzuwarten.

Inwiefern die Erbschaft den Frieden stört, bleibt abzuwarten.

語族

名詞

Erbe

Erbteil

Erblasser

Erbfolge

Erbschein

動詞

erben

vererben

aberben

形容詞

erblich

erbarmungslos (unrelated root but similar sound)

erbberechtigt

使い方

frequency

Common in legal, financial, and family contexts.

よくある間違い

Der Erbschaft → Die Erbschaft
Erbschaft is feminine, not masculine.
Erbschaft erben → Etwas erben / Eine Erbschaft erhalten
It's redundant to 'inherit an inheritance'.
Das Erbe (when meaning money) → Die Erbschaft
'Das Erbe' is better for legacy/heritage; 'Erbschaft' is for the money/property.
Erbschaft ohne 's' in compounds → Erbschaftssteuer
Most compounds with Erbschaft require the connecting 's'.
Using 'Erbschaft' for living gifts → Schenkung
Erbschaft only applies after someone has died.

ヒント

Gender Check

Always remember 'die Erbschaft'. Feminine nouns ending in -schaft are very common in German.

Debts Included

In Germany, an inheritance (Erbschaft) includes debts. Always check the financial status before accepting.

Compound Power

Learn words like Erbschaftssteuer to understand German news better.

Verb Pairing

Use 'antreten' for a formal 'taking up' of the inheritance.

Sensitivity

Avoid asking people directly about the size of their Erbschaft; it is considered rude.

The 'b' sound

The 'b' in Erbschaft is followed by a voiceless 's', making it sound like a 'p'.

Link to 'Erbe'

Link 'Erbschaft' to 'Erbe' (heir) to remember it's about family succession.

Connecting 's'

Don't forget the 's' in 'Erbschaftsangelegenheiten'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'Testament', the next word is likely 'Erbschaft'.

CEFR B1 Goal

At B1, aim to explain what you would do with a large Erbschaft.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of an 'ERB' (Herb) growing in a 'SHAFT'. You inherit the garden (Erbschaft) left in the shaft.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant golden key (representing the house/assets) being handed down from a ghostly hand to a living hand.

Word Web

Geld Haus Testament Tod Familie Steuern Anwalt Gericht

チャレンジ

Try to write a sentence using 'Erbschaft', 'Steuer', and 'Glück' in one sentence to describe a lottery-like inheritance.

語源

Derived from the Middle High German 'erbeschaft' and Old High German 'erbi'. It shares roots with the English word 'orphan' (someone who has lost parents and thus deals with inheritance/legacy).

元の意味： Originally referred to the 'landed property' or 'homestead' passed down through a family line.

Germanic (Indo-European).

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing inheritances in Germany, as wealth is often a private matter and the topic of death is sensitive.

In English, 'inheritance' is often used for both the process and the legacy. German is stricter with 'Erbschaft' (legal/financial) vs 'Erbe' (cultural/biological).

The novel 'Die Buddenbrooks' by Thomas Mann deals with the decline of a family and its Erbschaft. The 'Erbschaftsteuergesetz' (ErbStG) is a famous piece of German tax legislation. Grimms' Fairy Tales often start with a father leaving an Erbschaft to his three sons.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Legal/Probate

Erbschein beantragen
Nachlass verwalten
Testament eröffnen
Frist einhalten

Banking/Finance

Konto übertragen
Erbschaftsteuer zahlen
Wertpapiere erben
Schulden übernehmen

Family Talk

Wer bekommt was?
Das Haus behalten
Fair aufteilen
Erinnerungsstücke

Literature/History

Ein schweres Erbe
Kulturelle Erbschaft
Traditionen bewahren
Verlorene Erbschaft

News/Politics

Steuerreform
Soziale Ungleichheit
Vermögensverteilung
Erbschaftswelle

会話のきっかけ

"Hast du schon mal eine Erbschaft gemacht?"

"Was hältst du von der Erbschaftssteuer in Deutschland?"

"Würdest du eine Erbschaft ausschlagen, wenn sie Schulden hätte?"

"Ist es wichtig, eine Erbschaft für die nächste Generation zu hinterlassen?"

"Wie sollte man eine Erbschaft am besten unter Geschwistern aufteilen?"

日記のテーマ

Schreibe über eine hypothetische Erbschaft: Was würdest du mit einer Million Euro machen?

Reflektiere über die 'kulturelle Erbschaft' deiner Familie. Was hast du gelernt?

Ist eine Erbschaft eher ein Segen oder ein Fluch? Begründe deine Meinung.

Beschreibe den Prozess, wie man in deinem Land eine Erbschaft abwickelt.

Stell dir vor, du erbst ein altes, gruseliges Haus. Was passiert als Nächstes?

よくある質問

10 問

No, it is usually singular when referring to one person's estate. Use 'Erbschaften' for multiple cases.

'Der Erbe' is the person inheriting. 'Das Erbe' is the legacy. 'Die Erbschaft' is the specific legal estate.

Yes, in Germany, most inheritances above a certain 'Freibetrag' (allowance) are subject to 'Erbschaftssteuer'.

Yes, in Germany you inherit everything: assets, rights, and debts. You can refuse it if the debts are too high.

The verb is 'erben'. You can say 'Ich habe das Haus geerbt' or 'Ich habe eine Erbschaft gemacht'.

It is the formal legal process of refusing an inheritance, usually done because of debts.

Yes, it is neutral to formal. In very casual talk, people might just say 'das Geld von Oma'.

It is the tax you pay to the state when you receive an inheritance.

Yes, like 'eine schwere Erbschaft' to describe a difficult situation inherited from a predecessor.

It is an official certificate issued by the court proving that you are the legal heir.

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