Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Move 'Not only' to the start and flip your subject and verb like a question to sound sophisticated and emphatic.
- Start with 'Not only' followed immediately by an auxiliary verb (do, does, did, is, have). Example: 'Not only did she...'
- The first clause uses question word order, but it is not a question. Example: 'Not only is he...'
- The second clause starts with 'but' and usually includes 'also' in the normal position. Example: '...but he also...'
Overview
Not only... but also の構文は、文法界の「1つ買うともう1つ無料」キャンペーンのようなものです。聞き手に対して、「1つ素晴らしい事実があるけれど、ちょっと待って、もっとすごい事実がもう1つあるよ」と伝える効果があります。これは C1 レベルの英語の定番です。複雑な構造を使いこなしつつ、洗練されたプロのように聞こえるからです。就職面接でも SNS でも、これはあなたの秘密兵器になります。「She is smart and kind」で妥協するのではなく、「Not only is she smart, but she is also kind」と言ってみませんか？より権威があり、磨き上げられた印象を与え、何より使っていて楽しいはずです。Word Order Rules
You are talented。簡単ですね。しかし、Not only で文を始めると、文法ルールは「疑問文モード」に切り替わります。助動詞（ヘルパー）を主語の前に持ってくるのです。見た目は疑問文そのものです。Are you talented?。ただし、クエスチョンマークの代わりに、アイデアの後半部分を続けていきます。文にすでに助動詞（is, have, will, can など）がある場合は、それを移動させるだけです。標準：She has won the award。倒置：Not only has she won the award...。では、助動詞がない場合は？ likes や went のような一般動詞の場合は、do/does/did の助けを借りる必要があります。標準：He liked the pizza。倒置：Not only did he like the pizza...。liked が like に変わったことに注目してください。疑問文と同じように、did が過去形を「盗んで」いくのです。これを正しく使いこなすのが、真の C1 忍者の証です。How This Grammar Works
Not only を置くことで、聴衆に「注目して！これから言うのはただのリストじゃない、価値の積み重ねだよ」と伝えているのです。これは非常に修辞的な表現です。書き言葉では、単調な文の連続を打破するのに役立ちます。話し言葉では、リズム感を生み出し、音楽的な質感を加えます。現代のスピーカーは、驚きを強調するためにこれを使います。例えば、新しいスマホのレビューで、「Not only does it have a 48-megapixel camera, but it also lasts for three days」と言うかもしれません。倒置を使うことで、2つ目のポイント（バッテリー持ち）が大きなボーナスのように感じられます。情報の階層が作られ、後半部分が前半よりも重要、あるいは驚くべきことに感じられるのです。説得力を高めるのにも最適です。
Formation Pattern
Not only を置きます。
do, does, did を呼び出します。
do/does/did を使った場合は、動詞の原形を使います。
but を置きます。
also、そして動詞を続けます。
Pattern Variations
Not only... but also の文が同じに見えるわけではありません。選択肢があります！- 「also」なし： 実は
alsoを省略できます。Not only is the food cheap, but it’s delicious。よりパンチが効きます。 - 「As Well」に交換：
alsoの代わりに、文の最後にas wellを置きます。 - 「Too」を追加：
as wellと同様に、最後にtooを使えます。 - 「But」を省略： 非常にフォーマルな文脈では、
butが消えてセミコロン（;）に置き換わることがあります。 - 文の途中バージョン： 覚えておいてください。文頭に
Not onlyが来ない場合は、倒置しません！She is not only smart but also funnyは安全なバージョンです。
Real Conversations
Aさん：「なぜあなたを採用すべきですか？」
Bさん：「Not only do I have five years of experience, but I have also managed teams.」
Aさん：「コンサートはどうだった？」
Bさん：「最高！ Not only did they play all hits, but they also brought a guest!」
Common Mistakes
did の後の動詞の原形を忘れないでください。Quick FAQ
フォーマルな書き言葉だけに使われますか？
主にそうですが、話し言葉で強調するのにも最適です。
悪いことにも使えますか？
もちろんです。「サービスが遅かっただけでなく、料理も冷めていた」のように使えます。
カンマは必ず必要ですか？
通常、but の前には必要です。
倒置を起こすのは Not only だけですか？
いいえ！「Hardly」や「Never」なども倒置を起こします。
Inversion Patterns by Tense
| Tense | Auxiliary Used | Inverted Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Present Simple
|
do / does
|
Not only does/do + S + Verb...
|
Not only does he work...
|
|
Past Simple
|
did
|
Not only did + S + Verb...
|
Not only did they win...
|
|
Present Continuous
|
is / am / are
|
Not only is/am/are + S + V-ing...
|
Not only are they coming...
|
|
Present Perfect
|
have / has
|
Not only have/has + S + V-ed...
|
Not only has she seen...
|
|
Past Perfect
|
had
|
Not only had + S + V-ed...
|
Not only had he left...
|
|
Modal Verbs
|
can / will / should
|
Not only can/will + S + Verb...
|
Not only can she sing...
|
|
Verb 'To Be'
|
is / was / were
|
Not only is/was + S + Adj...
|
Not only was it cold...
|
Meanings
A rhetorical device used to emphasize that two related things are true, often suggesting that the second thing is even more surprising or important than the first.
Emphatic Addition
Used to highlight that a second, often more significant, fact exists alongside the first.
“Not only is she a brilliant scientist, but she is also a talented pianist.”
Rhetorical Persuasion
Used in debates or arguments to stack evidence in a way that sounds authoritative.
“Not only does this policy save money, but it also protects the environment.”
Narrative Drama
Used in storytelling to build tension or show a sequence of unfortunate or fortunate events.
“Not only had the rain started, but the car had also broken down.”
Reference Table
| 構造 | 役割 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
|
Not only + 助動詞 + S + V..., but also S + V...
|
文頭で強調し、2つのポイントを際立たせる。
|
Not only did they arrive early, but also they brought gifts.
|
|
助動詞 `do`/`does`/`did`
|
be動詞や法助動詞がない一般動詞の時制で使用。
|
Not only does she play chess, but also she wins tournaments.
|
|
助動詞 `be` (`is`/`are`/`was`/`were`)
|
be動詞がメインの動詞である場合に使用。
|
Not only was the movie good, but also the soundtrack was amazing.
|
|
法助動詞 (`can`/`will`/`should`)
|
文に法助動詞が含まれる場合に使用。
|
Not only can he swim, but also he dives professionally.
|
|
倒置なし (文中の `not only`)
|
強い強調を伴わずに2つのアイデアをつなぐ。
|
She not only sings beautifully but also plays piano expertly.
|
|
第2節 (`but also` 以降)
|
通常の「主語＋動詞」の語順を維持する。
|
Not only did he apologize, but also he explained his actions.
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
Not only is she a gifted orator, but she is also a profound thinker. (Describing a colleague)
She's not only a good speaker but also a deep thinker. (Describing a colleague)
She's great at speaking and she's really smart too. (Describing a colleague)
She's got the gift of the gab and she's lowkey a genius. (Describing a colleague)
レベル別の例文
He is tall and he is also strong.
She likes apples and she also likes oranges.
I am a student and I also work.
The car is red and it is also fast.
He is not only kind but also funny.
The house is not only big but also cheap.
She not only sings but also dances.
It is not only cold but also raining.
She not only finished the report, but she also sent it to the boss.
The movie was not only long, but it was also very boring.
He not only plays the guitar, but he also writes his own songs.
They not only visited London, but they also went to Edinburgh.
Not only was the food delicious, but the service was also excellent.
Not only does he speak three languages, but he also knows how to code.
Not only have they moved house, but they have also changed jobs.
Not only did it rain all day, but we also lost our umbrellas.
Not only did the CEO resign, but the entire board also stepped down.
Not only is the theory flawed, but it also lacks empirical evidence.
Not only had the hackers stolen the data, but they had also encrypted the backups.
Not only should we reduce taxes, but we must also increase public spending.
Not only were his actions unethical; they were also arguably illegal.
Not only does the poem evoke a sense of loss, but it also subverts traditional sonnet forms.
Not only can such measures be seen as intrusive, but they also risk alienating the electorate.
Not only did she refuse to apologize, but she also had the audacity to blame the victim.
間違えやすい
Learners forget to invert when moving 'Not only' to the front.
Both use inversion, but 'Neither' is for negative addition.
The word order is the same, but 'Not only' sentences are not questions.
よくある間違い
He not only tall but also strong.
He is not only tall but also strong.
He is not only tall also strong.
He is not only tall but also strong.
Not only he is tall...
He is not only tall...
She not only plays piano but also she sings.
She not only plays piano but also sings.
Not only she likes tea...
She not only likes tea...
Not only he likes pizza, but he also likes pasta.
Not only does he like pizza, but he also likes pasta.
Not only did he arrived late...
Not only did he arrive late...
Not only did he arrive late, but also did he forget his keys.
Not only did he arrive late, but he also forgot his keys.
Not only is the car fast, but also is it cheap.
Not only is the car fast, but it is also cheap.
Not only he has finished...
Not only has he finished...
Not only the price was high...
Not only was the price high...
文型パターン
Not only is ___ ___, but it is also ___.
Not only did ___ ___, but they also ___.
Not only does ___ ___, but it also ___.
Not only have ___ ___, but we have also ___.
Real World Usage
Not only did I lead the team, but I also exceeded the annual targets.
Not only is the climate changing, but the rate of change is also accelerating.
Not only will we rebuild our schools, but we will also invest in our teachers.
Not only was the steak overcooked, but the service was also incredibly slow.
Not only did the defendant trespass, but he also damaged private property.
Not only does our product clean better, but it also smells fresher.
「疑問文の語順」をイメージして！
Not only does she like tea, but also she loves coffee.
使いすぎには注意！
do/does/did のルールをマスター！
Not only did they arrive, but also they helped us.
洗練された響きを手に入れよう！
Not only can he sing, but also he can dance.
Smart Tips
Use one 'Not only' inversion in your conclusion to summarize two main points with impact.
Immediately look for the auxiliary verb. If it's not there, the sentence is likely wrong.
Remember to change the main verb back to its base form when you add 'did'.
Try using a semicolon instead of 'but' for a sophisticated, punchy rhythm.
発音
Stress on 'Not'
The word 'Not' is usually heavily stressed to signal the start of an emphatic structure.
Rising Intonation
The first clause often has a rising intonation at the end to create suspense for the second clause.
The Suspense Curve
Not only did he [rise] WIN, but he [fall] also broke the RECORD.
Creates a sense of building importance.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Not only' as a question starter. If you can't make it a question, you can't invert it!
視覚的連想
Imagine a mirror at the start of the sentence. When the subject and verb look into the 'Not only' mirror, they see themselves swapped.
Rhyme
When 'Not only' leads the way, the verb and subject swap their play.
Story
A formal butler enters a room. He doesn't just say 'The tea is hot.' He says, 'Not only is the tea hot, sir, but the scones are also fresh.' The butler always inverts because he is very formal.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write three sentences about your favorite hobby using inversion. One must use 'did', one 'is', and one 'has'.
文化メモ
Inversion is very common in high-level British journalism (e.g., The Economist, BBC News) to sound authoritative.
Used frequently in US universities to link evidence in argumentative essays.
This structure is a classic 'tricolon' or 'bicolon' device used in Western oratory from Cicero to Churchill.
Derived from Old English 'na læs þæt an... ac eac' (not less that one... but also).
会話のきっかけ
Tell me about a city you visited. Not only was it... but it was also...
What makes a good leader? Not only should they... but they must also...
Think of a bad day you had. Not only did... but... also...
Discuss the benefits of technology. Not only has it... but it has also...
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
Not only _____ she excel in academics, but also she's a gifted athlete.
Find and fix the mistake:
Not only he arrived late, but also he forgot his notes.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
Score: /3
練習問題
8 exercisesShe speaks Japanese and she also speaks Russian.
Find and fix the mistake:
Not only was the movie long, but also was it boring.
Not only ___ ___ the keys, but he also lost his wallet.
Choose the best option:
only / did / not / he / fail / but / he / also / lied
1. Not only is he rich... | 2. Not only did they win... | 3. Not only have we finished...
In the structure 'Not only... but also', both clauses must be inverted.
She has finished the work.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesNot only _____ the company achieve its sales targets, but also it expanded into new markets.
Not only was the presentation informative, but also was it engaging.
正しい文はどれですか？
英語に訳してください: 'She not only speaks German, but also she teaches it.' (倒置を使って)
単語を並べ替えてください:
節を組み合わせてください:
Not only _____ the director resign, but also several key employees followed suit.
Not only has the company expanded its services, but also it acquiring new clients.
正しい文を選んでください:
英語に訳してください: 'I not only love learning languages, but I also enjoy teaching them.' (倒置を使って)
単語を並べ替えてください:
文を完成させてください:
Score: /12
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, if it's in the middle of the sentence: 'He is not only smart but also kind.' Inversion is only for when 'Not only' starts the sentence.
Usually, you need 'but' to connect the two clauses. 'Also' can sometimes be replaced by 'as well' at the end of the sentence.
Yes! It sounds professional and highlights your achievements effectively.
This is a historical feature of English where certain negative adverbs trigger 'Subject-Auxiliary Inversion', the same mechanism used for questions.
Yes, it is standard to use a comma to separate the two independent clauses.
It's rare. Usually, it's for two. For three, you'd just use a list: 'He is smart, kind, and funny.'
You must add 'do', 'does', or 'did', just like you do when forming a question in the present or past simple.
Only in very formal situations, like a wedding toast, a presentation, or a speech. In daily chat, it sounds too 'bookish'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
No solo... sino también
No inversion in Spanish.
Nicht nur... sondern auch
German inversion is driven by V2 rules, not just the negative adverb.
Non seulement... mais aussi
French maintains standard SVO order.
〜だけでなく〜も
Particle-based structure vs. word-order inversion.
ليس فقط... بل أيضاً
No specific syntactic 'flip' required.
不仅... 而且...
Strict SVO order with no auxiliary-subject swap.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
関連動画
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