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B1 adjective #4,000 よく出る 10分で読める

schlapp

上位4,000

練習する例文メモとヒント schlapp 30秒で

解説 schlapp in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can use 'schlapp' as a simple adjective to say how you feel. It's like saying 'I am not fit' or 'I am very tired'. You usually use it with the verb 'sein' (to be). For example: 'Ich bin schlapp.' This is a good word to know if you are feeling sick or if you worked too much. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet, just remember that it describes a person who has no energy. Think of it as the opposite of 'fit'. If someone asks 'Wie geht es dir?' (How are you?), and you have a cold, you can answer: 'Nicht so gut, ich fühle mich ein bisschen schlapp.' This is a very natural way to speak even at a beginner level. You might also hear it when someone talks about their phone battery dying. It's a very useful word for daily life because it explains why you might not want to go out or do sports.

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In A2, you start to see 'schlapp' in more contexts. You learn that it doesn't just mean 'tired' (müde), but specifically 'weak' or 'without energy'. You will notice it being used with 'sich fühlen' (to feel oneself). For example: 'Ich fühle mich heute total schlapp.' You also begin to see it as an adjective before a noun, like 'ein schlapper Tee' (a weak tea - though this is more metaphorical) or 'eine schlappe Batterie'. At this level, you should also learn the common phrase 'schlapp machen'. It means 'to give up' or 'to stop working'. For example, if you are running with a friend and you can't go further, you say: 'Ich mache schlapp.' This is a 'separable verb' structure where 'schlapp' goes to the end. It's a great way to make your German sound more authentic. You can also use it to describe the weather: 'Die Hitze macht mich schlapp.' (The heat makes me weak).

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'schlapp' to describe not just physical states but also qualities of things and performances. You can use it to describe a 'schlappe Leistung' (a weak performance) or a 'schlapper Händedruck' (a limp handshake). You understand the nuance between 'schlapp' and 'erschöpft' (exhausted). 'Schlapp' is often temporary or less intense than 'erschöpft'. You also use it in more complex sentences with conjunctions: 'Obwohl ich viel geschlafen habe, fühle ich mich immer noch schlapp.' (Although I slept a lot, I still feel weak). You can use it to talk about health in more detail, like explaining symptoms to a doctor. You also start to recognize it in news or sports reports, where a team might be described as 'schlapp' if they aren't playing with enough energy. It becomes a tool for evaluation, not just a description of a feeling.

By B2, you use 'schlapp' with more precision and in more figurative senses. You might discuss 'schlappe Gesetze' (weak laws) or a 'schlappe Wirtschaft' (a weak economy). You understand that 'schlapp' implies a lack of 'Spannkraft' (resilience/tension). You can use it to criticize something in a nuanced way. For example, if a movie was boring and lacked pace, you could call it 'ein schlapper Film'. You are also comfortable with the noun 'die Schlappheit', though you know it's less common. You can use 'schlapp' in the passive-like structure: 'Ich bin von der Arbeit total geschlaucht und fühle mich schlapp.' You also know related idioms and can distinguish 'schlapp' from synonyms like 'matt', 'abgeschlagen', or 'entkräftet' based on the specific context of the situation. Your use of the word is no longer just about being tired; it's about the lack of 'Zug' (drive) in any given situation.

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At the C1 level, you have a sophisticated grasp of 'schlapp' and its stylistic value. You can use it to create vivid descriptions in writing. You might use it as an adverb to describe how something hangs or moves: 'Die Segel hingen schlapp in der Flaute.' (The sails hung limp in the calm). You understand the etymological roots and how they influence the word's modern meaning. You can use it in professional contexts to describe a 'schlappe Konjunktur' (a sluggish economy) or 'schlappe Verhandlungstaktiken'. You recognize the word's potential for irony or sarcasm. You can also vary your vocabulary by using more high-level synonyms like 'marode' for failing systems or 'lethargisch' for people, but you know when 'schlapp' is the most effective choice for its directness and physical imagery. You are aware of regional preferences and how 'schlapp' fits into the broader spectrum of German adjectives for vitality.

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At the C2 level, 'schlapp' is just one of many tools in your expansive vocabulary. You use it with absolute native-like intuition. You can play with the word in literary contexts or high-level debate. You understand its role in the history of the German language, connecting it to Low German origins and its relationship to other Germanic languages. You can analyze the use of 'schlapp' in literature to denote a character's lack of moral fiber or physical decay. You are comfortable using it in any grammatical construction, including complex adjectival phrases. You know exactly when 'schlapp' is too informal and when its colloquial punch is exactly what's needed to make a point. You can distinguish between the subtle 'Schlappheit' of a summer afternoon and the 'Erschöpfung' of a burnout, using the word to capture precise atmospheric qualities in your speech and writing.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

schlapp 30秒で

Schlapp describes a lack of energy, physical weakness, or a limp state in both people and objects.
It is commonly used with 'sein' or 'sich fühlen' to express exhaustion from illness or hard work.
The phrase 'schlapp machen' is a vital idiom meaning to give up, fail, or stop functioning.
It is more colloquial than 'erschöpft' and specifically implies a loss of tension or drive.

The German adjective schlapp is a versatile and frequently used term that primarily translates to 'weak', 'tired', 'limp', or 'lacking energy'. At its core, it describes a state where the usual tension, vigor, or strength is absent. Imagine a balloon that has lost its air, or a person who has just finished a grueling marathon and can barely stand—that state is perfectly captured by 'schlapp'. It is not just about needing sleep (which would be 'müde'), but rather about a physical or mental lack of 'drive' or 'tension'.

Physical Exhaustion: When your muscles feel like jelly after a workout, or when a fever makes you feel heavy and slow, you are 'schlapp'. It denotes a lack of physical resilience.

Nach der langen Wanderung fühlte ich mich total schlapp und wollte nur noch auf die Couch.

Lack of Motivation: It can also describe a mental state. If you can't bring yourself to start a project because you lack the mental energy, you might say you feel 'schlapp'.

Beyond humans, 'schlapp' describes objects that have lost their tension. A 'schlapper Reifen' is a flat or underinflated tire. A 'schlappe Feder' is a spring that has lost its bounce. This literal sense of 'limpness' is the origin of the word's figurative use for people. In a social context, a 'schlappe Leistung' refers to a weak performance, perhaps in sports or at work, where the expected effort was missing.

Die Batterie meines Handys ist schon wieder schlapp.

Colloquial Usage: In everyday German, you will hear the phrase 'schlapp machen'. This means to give up, to break down, or to stop functioning due to exhaustion or technical failure.

Hoffentlich macht mein altes Auto auf der Autobahn nicht schlapp.

Historically, 'schlapp' is related to the English word 'slap' and 'flap', indicating something hanging loosely. Think of a 'schlapper Hut' (a floppy hat). This visual of something hanging down without support is the perfect metaphor for the physical feeling of exhaustion. Whether you are recovering from the flu, dealing with low blood pressure (Kreislaufprobleme), or just had a long day at the office, 'schlapp' is your go-to word to describe that 'blah' feeling of having zero batteries left.

Bei dieser Hitze fühle ich mich einfach nur schlapp.

Das war eine ziemlich schlappe Vorstellung der Mannschaft.

Using schlapp correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective and its common pairing with specific verbs. Most frequently, it appears with 'sein' (to be) or 'sich fühlen' (to feel). Because it is an adjective, it must decline (change its ending) when it comes before a noun. However, in its most common usage—describing a state—it remains undeclined after the verb.

Predicative Use (No Ending): When you say 'I am tired', the adjective follows the verb and doesn't change. This is the simplest way to use 'schlapp'.

Ich bin heute ein bisschen schlapp.

Attributive Use (With Endings): When describing a person or thing directly (e.g., 'a weak handshake'), you must add the correct ending: -er, -e, -es, etc.

Er gab mir nur einen schlappen Händedruck.

A very important idiomatic structure is schlapp machen. This is a separable verb construction where 'schlapp' acts like a prefix. It means to 'give out' or 'conk out'. You can use it for people who are exhausted or machines that stop working. Note that in a main clause, 'machen' is conjugated and 'schlapp' goes to the very end of the sentence.

Nach zehn Kilometern machten meine Beine einfach schlapp.

Adverbial Use: You can use it to describe how something is hanging or moving. If a flag is hanging without wind, it hangs 'schlapp'.

Die Fahne hing schlapp am Mast.

In terms of intensity, you can modify 'schlapp' with words like 'total', 'völlig', 'echt', or 'ein bisschen'. Because 'schlapp' is already quite a strong word for exhaustion, adding 'total' emphasizes a complete lack of energy. It is common in spoken German to use 'ganz schön schlapp' to mean 'quite weak/tired'.

Bist du immer noch so schlapp von der Erkältung?

Lastly, consider the noun form die Schlappheit (weakness/lassitude), though it is much less common than the adjective. Usually, Germans prefer to describe the state using the adjective. If you want to sound more formal, you might use 'kraftlos' or 'erschöpft', but 'schlapp' remains the most authentic way to describe that specific feeling of being drained of all tension and energy.

You will encounter schlapp in a variety of everyday contexts, from health discussions to technical complaints. It is a 'high-utility' word because it bridges the gap between physical sensation and mechanical failure. Here are the most common places you'll hear it used by native speakers.

At the Doctor's Office: Patients often use 'schlapp' to describe symptoms of the flu, anemia, or low blood pressure. It tells the doctor that the patient lacks their usual vitality.

Herr Doktor, ich fühle mich seit Wochen total schlapp.

In Sports and Fitness: Coaches might use it to criticize a lack of effort, or athletes use it to describe 'hitting the wall'. 'Schlapp machen' is the standard way to say someone dropped out of a race due to exhaustion.

Komm schon, jetzt nicht schlapp machen! Nur noch zwei Kilometer!

Another frequent context is technology and household items. When a battery is dying, it's 'schlapp'. When a vacuum cleaner loses suction, the motor might be 'schlapp'. It implies a loss of power or pressure. In the car world, if your tires are low on air, they are 'schlappe Reifen'. This usage is very common in workshops or when talking to friends about car trouble.

Mein Laptop-Akku macht nach nur einer Stunde schlapp.

Weather and Environment: High humidity and heat ('Schwüle') often lead Germans to complain about feeling 'schlapp'. It's that heavy, oppressive feeling where you don't want to move.

Das schwüle Wetter macht mich total schlapp.

Finally, you'll hear it in social critiques. A 'schlapper Staat' (a weak state) or 'schlappe Gesetze' (weak laws) are phrases used in political discourse to describe a lack of enforcement or vigor. In these cases, it moves from a physical description to a metaphorical one, suggesting a lack of 'backbone' or 'strength'. Knowing this word allows you to describe everything from your own physical state to the quality of a political argument.

While schlapp is a straightforward word, English speakers often confuse it with other terms for tiredness or weakness. Understanding the nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid awkward phrasing.

Mistake 1: Confusing 'schlapp' with 'müde': 'Müde' means you want to sleep. 'Schlapp' means you have no energy. You can be 'schlapp' but not 'müde' (e.g., if you have the flu but can't sleep), or 'müde' but not 'schlapp' (e.g., you are sleepy but can still run fast if needed).

Falsch: Ich bin schlapp, ich gehe jetzt ins Bett. (Better: müde)

Mistake 2: Using 'schwach' for temporary tiredness: 'Schwach' usually refers to a lack of muscle power or a general lack of strength (like an old person or someone who is frail). 'Schlapp' is more about the temporary feeling of being 'drained'.

Another common error is the incorrect use of the phrase 'schlapp machen'. English speakers might try to translate 'to give up' literally as 'aufgeben', which is correct for quitting a game. But if your body is failing you during a hike, 'schlapp machen' is the more natural, idiomatic choice. Using 'aufgeben' there sounds a bit too dramatic or intentional, whereas 'schlapp machen' implies a physical limit was reached.

Richtig: Mein Kreislauf hat schlapp gemacht. (My circulation gave out.)

Mistake 3: Word Order with 'schlapp machen': Because 'schlapp machen' functions like a separable verb, learners often forget to put 'schlapp' at the very end of the sentence in simple present or past tense.

Falsch: Er macht schlapp heute. (Correct: Er macht heute schlapp.)

Finally, don't confuse 'schlapp' with 'schlampig'. 'Schlampig' means 'sloppy' or 'messy' in terms of work or appearance. While a 'schlapper' person might look 'schlampig', the words describe completely different things (energy vs. orderliness). Using 'schlapp' to describe a messy room would be a mistake; for that, you need 'unordentlich' or 'schlampig'. Keep 'schlapp' for the feeling of being a wet noodle!

German has a rich vocabulary for states of exhaustion and weakness. Depending on the intensity and the cause of the feeling, you might want to choose a word other than schlapp. Here is how it compares to its closest neighbors.

schlapp vs. müde: 'Müde' is the general word for 'tired' (sleepy). 'Schlapp' is more about physical weakness. You can be 'schlapp' after a workout without being 'müde'.

Nach dem Sport bin ich schlapp, aber hellwach.

schlapp vs. erschöpft: 'Erschöpft' (exhausted) is more formal and intense than 'schlapp'. It implies that all resources have been used up. 'Schlapp' is more colloquial and can describe a general lack of 'pep'.

Nach dem Marathon war er völlig erschöpft.

If you want to describe a lack of energy specifically due to work or stress, you might use 'ausgepowert' (burned out/drained) or 'fertig' (finished/done). 'Fertig' is very common in spoken German: 'Ich bin total fertig' is roughly equivalent to 'I'm wiped out'. 'Schlapp' is slightly more focused on the physical 'limpness' than 'fertig' is.

schlapp vs. kraftlos: 'Kraftlos' literally means 'without power'. It is more descriptive and less idiomatic than 'schlapp'. You would use 'kraftlos' in a more medical or poetic context.

Seine Hände waren kraftlos vor Kälte.

In summary, use 'schlapp' for the everyday 'no-energy' feeling, 'müde' for sleepiness, 'erschöpft' for total exhaustion, and 'kraftlos' for a more formal description of weakness. If you're talking about a battery or a machine, 'leer' (empty) or 'defekt' (broken) are alternatives, but 'schlapp' adds that nice touch of describing the *failing* process rather than just the end state.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word is closely related to 'Schlappen' (slippers), which are 'limp' shoes that you shuffle in. If you are 'schlapp', you might shuffle along in your 'Schlappen'!

発音ガイド

UK /ʃlap/

US /ʃlɑːp/

Single syllable word; the stress is on the entire word.

韻が合う語

kapp knapp papp tapp zapp depp (near rhyme) stopp (near rhyme) klapp

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'a' like the English 'ay' in 'slap'.
Making the 'a' too long (like 'schlaaap').
Not pronouncing the 'sch' clearly.
Softening the final 'p' into a 'b'.
Confusing the vowel with 'schlepp' (from schleppen).

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, usually clear from context.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of adjective endings and separable verb rules.

スピーキング 2/5

Simple pronunciation, but needs idiomatic practice.

リスニング 2/5

Commonly heard in daily conversations and media.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

müde schwach kaputt machen fühlen

次に学ぶ

erschöpft antriebslos matt ausgepowert belastbar

上級

Adynamie Lethargie marode hinfällig

知っておくべき文法

Separable Verbs (schlapp machen)

In a main clause: 'Ich mache heute schlapp.' In a subordinate clause: '...weil ich heute schlapp mache.'

Adjective Declension

'Ein schlapper Akku' (Nominative masculine), 'Eine schlappe Leistung' (Nominative feminine).

Predicative Adjectives

After 'sein' or 'bleiben', no ending is needed: 'Die Batterie bleibt schlapp.'

Adverbial Use

Adjectives can describe verbs: 'Die Fahne hängt schlapp.'

Comparison of Adjectives

schlapp, schlapper, am schlappsten.

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レベル別の例文

Ich bin heute sehr schlapp.

I am very weak/tired today.

Simple subject + verb + adjective structure.

Bist du schlapp?

Are you weak/tired?

Question form: Verb comes first.

Der Kaffee ist schlapp.

The coffee is weak.

Using 'schlapp' for inanimate objects (liquids).

Ich fühle mich schlapp.

I feel weak.

'sich fühlen' + adjective.

Die Batterie ist schlapp.

The battery is dead/weak.

Common usage for technology.

Mein Hund ist heute schlapp.

My dog is weak/tired today.

Applying the adjective to animals.

Trink Wasser, wenn du schlapp bist.

Drink water if you are weak.

Imperative + conditional clause.

Er ist nicht fit, er ist schlapp.

He is not fit, he is weak.

Comparison using negation.

Ich mache heute beim Joggen schlapp.

I'm giving out while jogging today.

Separable verb: 'schlapp machen'.

Die Hitze macht alle Leute schlapp.

The heat makes everyone weak.

Subject + machen + object + adjective.

Nach der Arbeit bin ich total schlapp.

After work, I am totally wiped out.

Use of 'total' as an intensifier.

Hast du eine schlappe Batterie im Auto?

Do you have a weak battery in the car?

Attributive adjective with ending '-e'.

Er fühlt sich schlapp wegen der Erkältung.

He feels weak because of the cold.

Preposition 'wegen' + Genitive (or Dative in colloquial German).

Warum hängen die Blumen so schlapp?

Why are the flowers hanging so limp?

Adverbial use describing a state.

Ich brauche Urlaub, ich bin schlapp.

I need a vacation, I'm drained.

Two main clauses.

Mach jetzt nicht schlapp!

Don't give up now!

Imperative of 'schlapp machen'.

Eine schlappe Leistung reicht nicht für den Sieg.

A weak performance is not enough for the win.

Attributive adjective 'schlappe' modifying 'Leistung'.

Trotz des Schlafs fühle ich mich immer noch schlapp.

Despite the sleep, I still feel weak.

Preposition 'trotz' + Genitive.

Sein Händedruck war ziemlich schlapp.

His handshake was quite limp.

Adjective describing a noun through 'sein'.

Wenn der Motor schlapp macht, müssen wir anhalten.

If the motor gives out, we have to stop.

Conditional 'wenn' clause with 'schlapp machen'.

Die Reifen sehen etwas schlapp aus.

The tires look a bit flat/low.

Verb 'aussehen' + adjective.

Ich hatte eine schlappe Ausrede für mein Zuspätkommen.

I had a lame excuse for being late.

Figurative use: 'schlappe Ausrede'.

Das Medikament kann dazu führen, dass man sich schlapp fühlt.

The medication can lead to feeling weak.

Subordinate clause with 'dass'.

Ohne Kaffee bin ich morgens völlig schlapp.

Without coffee, I am completely drained in the morning.

Preposition 'ohne' + Accusative.

Die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung ist momentan eher schlapp.

The economic development is currently rather weak.

Metaphorical use in business context.

Nach der OP war sie noch lange Zeit körperlich schlapp.

After the surgery, she was physically weak for a long time.

Adverbial modifier 'körperlich' + 'schlapp'.

Das war eine schlappe Vorstellung für einen Profi.

That was a weak performance for a professional.

Attributive use with 'für' + Accusative.

Lass die Ohren nicht so schlapp hängen!

Don't be so discouraged! (lit: Don't let your ears hang limp!)

Idiomatic expression.

Die Opposition kritisierte die schlappe Haltung der Regierung.

The opposition criticized the government's weak stance.

Political context, attributive adjective.

Bei Eisenmangel fühlt man sich oft antriebslos und schlapp.

With iron deficiency, one often feels listless and weak.

Pairing synonyms for precision.

Der alte Staubsauger macht allmählich schlapp.

The old vacuum cleaner is gradually giving out.

Adverb 'allmählich' modifying the process.

Ein schlapper Kompromiss stellt niemanden zufrieden.

A weak compromise satisfies no one.

Abstract noun modified by 'schlapp'.

Die Segel hingen schlapp am Mast, da kein Lüftchen wehte.

The sails hung limp on the mast as not a breeze was blowing.

Literary/descriptive use of 'schlapp'.

Es ist eine schlappe Entschuldigung für solch ein Versagen.

It is a weak excuse for such a failure.

Using 'schlapp' to express strong judgment.

Die Börse reagierte mit einem schlappen Kursplus.

The stock market reacted with a weak price gain.

Financial terminology.

Seine schlappe Art geht mir allmählich auf die Nerven.

His listless manner is starting to get on my nerves.

Describing personality traits.

Trotz intensiven Trainings wirkte er im Wettkampf schlapp.

Despite intensive training, he seemed weak in the competition.

Concessive 'trotz' phrase.

Die Pflanze hat schlappe Blätter, sie braucht dringend Wasser.

The plant has limp leaves; it urgently needs water.

Attributive use for biological state.

Ein schlapper Staat kann seine Bürger nicht schützen.

A weak state cannot protect its citizens.

Political theory context.

Nach der Grippe litt er noch Wochen an einer gewissen Schlappheit.

After the flu, he suffered for weeks from a certain weakness.

Use of the noun 'Schlappheit'.

Die narrative Struktur des Romans wirkte auf mich etwas schlapp.

The narrative structure of the novel seemed a bit weak to me.

Literary criticism.

Es mangelt der heutigen Architektur oft an Kraft; vieles wirkt schlapp.

Today's architecture often lacks power; much of it seems limp.

Aesthetic judgment.

Die schlappe Umsetzung der Reformen enttäuschte die Wähler.

The weak implementation of the reforms disappointed the voters.

Abstract political context.

Man darf sich von einer vorübergehenden Schlappheit nicht entmutigen lassen.

One must not let oneself be discouraged by a temporary weakness.

Reflexive passive-like structure 'sich lassen'.

Die Farben des Gemäldes wirkten nach der Restaurierung keineswegs schlapp.

The colors of the painting didn't look weak at all after the restoration.

Negative emphasis 'keineswegs'.

Ein schlapper Geist kann keine großen Taten vollbringen.

A weak spirit cannot accomplish great deeds.

Philosophical statement.

Die Argumentation der Gegenseite war schlichtweg schlapp.

The opposition's argument was simply weak.

Adverb 'schlichtweg' for emphasis.

Das Unternehmen leidet unter einer schlappen Nachfrage im Inland.

The company suffers from weak domestic demand.

Economic analysis.

類義語

müde erschöpft matt kraftlos ausgepowert abgeschlagen groggy saftlos

反対語

fit munter energiegeladen kraftvoll

よく使う組み合わせ

sich schlapp fühlen

schlapp machen

eine schlappe Leistung

schlappe Reifen

eine schlappe Ausrede

schlapp hängen

völlig schlapp sein

ein schlapper Händedruck

schlapper Akku

schlapp wirken

よく使うフレーズ

Nicht schlapp machen!

— Don't give up! Keep going!

Komm schon, nur noch ein paar Meter, nicht schlapp machen!

Ich bin total schlapp.

— I am completely wiped out / I have no energy.

Nach der langen Schicht bin ich total schlapp.

Die Beine machen schlapp.

— The legs are giving out (from exhaustion).

Beim Wandern machten meine Beine plötzlich schlapp.

Ein schlapper Typ.

— A weak or unenthusiastic person.

Er ist ein schlapper Typ, der nie etwas unternehmen will.

Alles hängt schlapp.

— Everything is hanging limp (e.g., plants, flags).

Wegen der Hitze hängt im Garten alles schlapp.

Schlappe Knie bekommen.

— To get weak knees (from fear or exhaustion).

Vor der Prüfung habe ich schlappe Knie bekommen.

Wieder schlapp?

— Weak again? (Asking someone who looks tired).

Bist du schon wieder schlapp? Wir haben doch gerade erst angefangen.

Ein schlapper Haufen.

— A disorganized or weak group of people.

Die neue Klasse ist ein ziemlich schlapper Haufen.

Schlapp wie eine Nudel.

— As limp as a noodle.

Nach dem heißen Bad fühlte ich mich schlapp wie eine Nudel.

Die Batterie macht schlapp.

— The battery is dying.

Meine Autobatterie macht bei dieser Kälte schlapp.

よく混同される語

schlapp vs schwach

'Schwach' is a general lack of strength, while 'schlapp' is a temporary lack of energy or tension.

schlapp vs schlampig

'Schlampig' means sloppy or messy. It sounds similar but has a completely different meaning.

schlapp vs schlaff

'Schlaff' is almost a synonym but is used more for physical objects (like skin or a rope) that lack tension.

慣用句と表現

"schlapp machen"

— To give up, to break down, or to stop functioning.

Ich wollte den Berg hochlaufen, aber mein Kreislauf hat schlapp gemacht.

informal

"die Ohren schlapp hängen lassen"

— To be discouraged or dejected.

Lass die Ohren nicht schlapp hängen, es wird schon wieder!

colloquial

"eine schlappe Lippe riskieren"

— To talk big or be cheeky without having the substance to back it up (similar to 'große Klappe').

Riskier hier keine schlappe Lippe!

slang

"auf die schlappe Tour"

— Trying to get something through laziness or half-hearted effort.

Versuch es nicht auf die schlappe Tour!

informal

"schlapp lachen"

— To laugh until one is weak or exhausted.

Wir haben uns über den Witz total schlapp gelacht.

colloquial

"schlappe Knie haben"

— To feel physically weak in the legs due to fear or exertion.

Ich hatte schlappe Knie, als ich die Nachricht hörte.

neutral

"ein schlapper Sack"

— A very lazy or weak man (insult).

Beweg dich mal, du schlapper Sack!

slang/insult

"schlapp wie ein nasser Sack"

— Extremely weak and lacking any tension.

Er lag schlapp wie ein nasser Sack auf dem Sofa.

colloquial

"schlapp daherkommen"

— To appear unenthusiastic or weak.

Die neue Kampagne kommt ziemlich schlapp daher.

informal

"sich schlapp stellen"

— To pretend to be weak or incompetent to avoid work.

Er stellt sich schlapp, damit er nicht helfen muss.

informal

間違えやすい

schlapp vs müde

Both relate to low energy.

Müde means you want to sleep; schlapp means you feel physically weak or unmotivated.

Ich bin müde (sleepy), aber nicht schlapp (weak).

schlapp vs erschöpft

Both mean tired.

Erschöpft is much stronger and more formal than schlapp.

Nach der Arbeit bin ich schlapp; nach dem Marathon bin ich erschöpft.

schlapp vs matt

Both describe a weak state.

Matt often implies a lack of luster or a faint feeling, often medical.

Sie fühlte sich matt und glanzlos.

schlapp vs leer

Used for batteries.

Leer means empty (0%); schlapp means weak or dying (e.g., 5%).

Die Batterie ist leer (dead) vs. Die Batterie ist schlapp (weak).

schlapp vs weich

Both can mean not hard.

Weich is soft (texture); schlapp is limp (lack of tension).

Das Kissen ist weich; der Reifen ist schlapp.

文型パターン

Ich bin [Adjektiv].

Ich bin schlapp.

Ich fühle mich [Adjektiv].

Ich fühle mich schlapp.

[Subjekt] macht schlapp.

Das Auto macht schlapp.

Ein(e) [Adjektiv+Endung] [Nomen]...

Eine schlappe Ausrede hilft nicht.

Obwohl..., fühle ich mich [Adjektiv].

Obwohl ich Ferien habe, fühle ich mich schlapp.

Die [Nomen] wirkt [Adjektiv].

Die Konjunktur wirkt schlapp.

[Nomen] hängen [Adjektiv]...

Die Arme hängen schlapp an seinem Körper.

Es mangelt an [Nomen], da alles [Adjektiv] ist.

Es mangelt an Dynamik, da die Umsetzung schlapp ist.

語族

名詞

die Schlappheit

der Schlappschwanz (insult for a weak person)

der Schlappen (slipper/old shoe)

動詞

schlappen (to walk in a shuffling/limp way)

abschlappen (to get tired)

schlappmachen (separable verb)

形容詞

schlapp

schlappig (rare, usually schlampig is meant)

使い方

frequency

Common in daily speech and informal writing.

よくある間違い

Ich bin schlapp, ich will schlafen. → Ich bin müde, ich will schlafen.
'Schlapp' refers to weakness, 'müde' refers to the need for sleep.
Er macht heute schlapp beim Arbeit. → Er macht heute bei der Arbeit schlapp.
Wrong preposition and word order. 'Schlapp' must go to the end.
Ein schlapp Händedruck. → Ein schlapper Händedruck.
Adjectives before nouns need endings.
Die Suppe ist schlapp. → Die Suppe ist fad / geschmacklos.
'Schlapp' is used for coffee/tea, but rarely for food unless it's wilted vegetables.
Ich fühle mich schlampig. → Ich fühle mich schlapp.
'Schlampig' means sloppy or messy, not weak.

ヒント

Separable Verb Rule

When using 'schlapp machen', remember that 'schlapp' moves to the end of the sentence in most tenses.

Synonym Choice

Use 'schlapp' for everyday tiredness and 'erschöpft' for extreme exhaustion.

Battery Talk

It's very common to say 'Mein Akku ist schlapp' when your phone is about to die.

Health Context

Germans use 'schlapp' frequently when talking about 'Kreislauf' (circulation) issues.

Abstract Use

Don't be afraid to use 'schlapp' for weak arguments or poor sports performances.

Short Vowel

The 'a' in 'schlapp' is short. Don't stretch it out like the English 'a' in 'father'.

Adjective Endings

Make sure to add the correct ending when placing 'schlapp' before a noun (e.g., eine schlappe Leistung).

Encouragement

Use 'Nicht schlapp machen!' to encourage friends during physical activities.

Visualizing Limpness

Associate the word with a drooping plant to remember its core meaning of 'no tension'.

Schlapp vs. Müde

Remember: 'müde' = sleep; 'schlapp' = energy. You can be one without the other.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'SLAP'. When you get slapped, you might go limp or 'schlapp'. Or think of a 'flap'—something that just hangs there without strength.

視覚的連想

Imagine a wet noodle hanging over a fork. That noodle is 'schlapp'. It has no strength to stand up on its own.

Word Web

müde keine Energie Batterie leer weich schlaff krank Hitze Sport

チャレンジ

Try to use 'schlapp' in three different ways today: describing yourself, describing an object (like your phone), and using the idiom 'schlapp machen'.

語源

Originates from Middle High German and Low German 'slap', which meant 'loose', 'limp', or 'relaxed'. It is cognate with the English word 'slap' and 'flap'.

元の意味： Hanging loosely or without tension.

Germanic

文化的な背景

As an adjective for people, it's neutral. As a noun ('Schlappschwanz'), it's an insult. Be careful not to use it to describe someone with a permanent disability unless you mean a temporary state of energy.

The English 'limp' or 'wiped out' are good equivalents, but 'schlapp' is used much more frequently in daily German than 'limp' is in English.

The phrase 'Nicht schlapp machen!' is a common motivational cry in German cinema and sports. The term 'Schlappschwanz' is a well-known, albeit mild, insult for a coward or weakling. In German advertising, 'schlapp' is often used to describe the state before taking a vitamin supplement.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the gym

Ich kann nicht mehr, ich bin schlapp.
Mach nicht schlapp!
Meine Muskeln fühlen sich schlapp an.
Das war ein schlappes Training.

With a cold/flu

Ich fühle mich total schlapp.
Die Erkältung macht mich schlapp.
Ich bin noch etwas schlapp auf den Beinen.
Ganz schön schlapp heute, oder?

Tech problems

Der Akku ist schlapp.
Das Handy macht schlapp.
Eine schlappe Internetverbindung.
Das Gerät wirkt schlapp.

Work/Office

Nach dem Meeting war ich schlapp.
Eine schlappe Leistung im Projekt.
Ich bin heute ein bisschen schlapp im Kopf.
Die Nachfrage ist schlapp.

Gardening/Plants

Die Blumen hängen schlapp.
Schlappe Blätter brauchen Wasser.
Alles wirkt so schlapp bei der Hitze.
Die Pflanzen machen schlapp.

会話のきっかけ

"Fühlst du dich nach der Arbeit auch immer so schlapp?"

"Was machst du, wenn du dich körperlich total schlapp fühlst?"

"Hat dein Handy-Akku heute auch schon schlapp gemacht?"

"Findest du das Wetter heute auch so schlapp machend?"

"Hattest du schon mal eine wirklich schlappe Ausrede für etwas?"

日記のテーマ

Beschreibe einen Tag, an dem du dich extrem schlapp gefühlt hast. Was war die Ursache?

Wann hat dein Körper das letzte Mal schlapp gemacht? Wie hast du reagiert?

Was ist für dich eine 'schlappe Leistung'? Gib ein Beispiel aus deinem Leben.

Wie unterscheidet sich 'schlapp sein' von 'müde sein' für dich persönlich?

Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du jemanden motiviert hast, nicht schlapp zu machen.

よくある質問

10 問

Ja, aber meistens für Getränke wie Kaffee oder Tee, um zu sagen, dass sie zu schwach sind. Für Gemüse benutzt man eher 'welk' (wilted).

Nein, es ist ein ganz normales Wort. Nur die Beleidigung 'Schlappschwanz' ist unhöflich.

'Schlaff' wird öfter für Materialien verwendet (ein schlaffes Seil), während 'schlapp' öfter für das Gefühl von Menschen verwendet wird.

Man benutzt die Redewendung 'schlapp machen'. Zum Beispiel: 'Ich kann nicht mehr, ich mache schlapp.'

Ja, das ist ein metaphorischer Gebrauch. Es bedeutet, dass das Wirtschaftswachstum sehr gering ist.

Ja, das Nomen heißt 'die Schlappheit'. Es wird aber seltener benutzt als das Adjektiv.

Es wird meistens ab A2 oder B1 gelernt, aber man kann es schon auf A1 benutzen, um sich zu beschreiben.

Das ist ein Hut mit einer breiten, weichen Krempe, die locker nach unten hängt (ein Floppy Hat).

Ja, 'sich schlapp lachen' bedeutet, dass man so viel lacht, dass man keine Kraft mehr hat.

Das bedeutet, dass man vor Angst oder Erschöpfung kaum noch stehen kann.

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