verschwenden 30秒で
- To waste time, money, or resources carelessly or without purpose.
- Implies a loss or unproductive use of something valuable.
- Commonly used for time, money, energy, and resources.
- Carries a negative connotation of squandering.
- Core Definition
- The German verb "verschwenden" translates to "to waste" in English. It signifies using something valuable, such as time, money, resources, or even opportunities, in a careless, extravagant, or unproductive manner. It implies a lack of consideration for the consequences or the potential better use of what is being squandered.
- Contexts of Use
- This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations and more formal discussions alike. You might hear it when people are discussing financial management, environmental concerns, personal productivity, or simply lamenting a missed chance. It carries a negative connotation, highlighting a loss or a suboptimal allocation of something precious.
Wir sollten keine wertvolle Zeit mit unnötigen Diskussionen verschwenden.
- Nuances
- The degree of "waste" implied by "verschwenden" can vary. It can range from a minor oversight, like leaving lights on unnecessarily, to a significant financial miscalculation that leads to substantial losses. The context typically clarifies the severity. For instance, "Geld verschwenden" (to waste money) is a common phrase indicating poor financial decisions, while "Energie verschwenden" (to waste energy) can refer to physical exertion or even emotional turmoil spent on futile efforts.
Es ist sinnlos, unsere Ressourcen für solche Projekte zu verschwenden.
- Beyond Material Things
- "Verschwenden" isn't limited to physical objects or money. It can also apply to abstract concepts. For example, "Gefühle verschwenden" (to waste feelings) could mean directing affection or sympathy towards someone who doesn't deserve it or won't reciprocate. Similarly, "Talent verschwenden" implies not using one's abilities to their full potential, often due to laziness, poor choices, or lack of opportunity. The core idea remains the same: a valuable entity is being used poorly or not at all.
Du solltest deine Kräfte nicht für solche Aussichtslosen Kämpfe verschwenden.
- Grammatical Note
- "Verschwenden" is a regular verb in German. Its conjugation follows the standard pattern: ich verschwende, du verschwendest, er/sie/es verschwendet, wir verschwenden, ihr verschwendet, sie/Sie verschwenden. The past participle is "verschwendet" and it is typically used with the auxiliary verb "haben" to form the perfect tense (e.g., "Ich habe Geld verschwendet").
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The most straightforward way to use "verschwenden" is with a direct object that specifies what is being wasted. The typical structure is: Subject + verschwenden + Object.
Sie verschwenden ihr Geld für unnötige Dinge.
- Using with Time
- "Zeit verschwenden" is an extremely common phrase. It's used to express that time is being used unproductively or on something that yields no benefit. This can be personal time, or time allocated for a specific task.
Bitte verschwenden Sie nicht Ihre Zeit mit Warten.
- Using with Resources
- The verb is also frequently used when discussing the careful management of resources, whether they are natural resources, financial capital, or even human potential.
Wir dürfen unsere natürlichen Ressourcen nicht verschwenden.
- Using with Abstract Concepts
- As mentioned, "verschwenden" can be used with abstract nouns. This often implies regret or criticism of how something intangible is being handled.
Es ist bedauerlich, sein Potenzial so zu verschwenden.
- Negative Constructions
- You will often see "verschwenden" used in negative sentences, emphasizing the importance of not wasting something. Common negative constructions include "nicht verschwenden" (not waste) or using adverbs like "niemals" (never).
Wir dürfen keine Energie verschwenden.
- Imperative Forms
- The imperative forms are useful for direct advice or commands.
Verschwende deine Zeit nicht!
- Perfect Tense
- In the perfect tense, the past participle "verschwendet" is used with "haben".
Er hat zu viel Geld für dieses nutzlose Projekt verschwendet.
- Everyday Conversations
- You will frequently encounter "verschwenden" in casual conversations among German speakers. It's a common way to express frustration or regret about how time, money, or effort has been used. For instance, someone might say: "Ich habe den ganzen Nachmittag mit dieser Aufgabe verschwendet" (I wasted the whole afternoon on this task), or "Es ist schade, dass wir so viel Essen verschwenden" (It's a shame that we waste so much food).
Wir sollten unser Geld nicht für unnötige Gadgets verschwenden.
- Media and News
- In news reports, documentaries, and articles, "verschwenden" is used to discuss societal issues like resource depletion, economic mismanagement, or inefficient public spending. Environmental discussions often highlight the need to avoid wasting water, energy, or raw materials. For example, a headline might read: "Kritik an der Verschwendung von Steuergeldern" (Criticism of the waste of tax money).
Die Regierung wurde kritisiert, weil sie Ressourcen verschwendet.
- Educational Settings
- In schools and universities, "verschwenden" is often used in discussions about study habits, time management, and the efficient use of learning materials. Teachers might advise students not to "ihre Zeit verschwenden" (waste their time) on unproductive study methods. It's also used when discussing the importance of not wasting valuable academic resources.
Lass uns keine Zeit damit verschwenden, über das Offensichtliche zu streiten.
- Business and Economics
- In the business world, efficiency is paramount. "Verschwenden" is used to talk about avoiding waste in production, logistics, and marketing. Companies strive to not "Kosten verschwenden" (waste costs) or "Ressourcen verschwenden" (waste resources). Discussions about sustainability and lean management heavily feature this concept.
Unternehmen dürfen ihre Marketingbudgets nicht unnötig verschwenden.
- Personal Development
- In self-help books, podcasts, and motivational speeches, "verschwenden" is used to encourage people to live more purposefully. The message is often about not "waste your life" or "waste your potential." It's a call to action to be more mindful of how one spends their finite resources.
Lass uns nicht unser Leben verschwenden.
- Confusing with "vergeuden"
- While both "verschwenden" and "vergeuden" can translate to "to waste," there's a subtle difference. "Verschwenden" often implies a more active and perhaps extravagant or careless use of something, leading to its depletion. "Vergeuden," on the other hand, often implies letting something valuable slip away or be missed, especially time or opportunities. For example, "Zeit vergeuden" is more common for letting time pass idly without achieving anything, while "Geld verschwenden" is about spending it carelessly.
Mistake: Er hat seine Zeit mit Nichtstun verschwendet.
- Incorrect Word Order
- In subordinate clauses, the verb "verschwenden" moves to the end. Learners sometimes forget this rule, placing the verb in the wrong position.
Mistake: Ich weiß nicht, warum er so viel Geld verschwendet hat.
- Overuse or Underuse
- Like any vocabulary, "verschwenden" can be overused, making speech sound repetitive, or underused, forcing the speaker to resort to less precise phrasing. It's important to use it in appropriate contexts where its meaning of careless or extravagant waste is intended.
Mistake: Er verschwendet immer alles.
- Incorrect Prepositions
- While "verschwenden" doesn't typically take a preposition directly before the object being wasted (it's usually a direct object), learners might incorrectly try to insert one, similar to how prepositions are used with other verbs.
Mistake: Wir dürfen keine Zeit für Verschwendung verschwenden.
- Misinterpreting "Waste"
- In English, "waste" can sometimes refer to the result of something (e.g., "a waste of time"). While "Verschwendung" is the noun for "waste," the verb "verschwenden" specifically refers to the act of wasting. Be mindful of whether you are describing the action or the state/result.
Mistake: Das ist eine Verschwendung von Zeit.
- "vergeuden" - A Close Relative
- As discussed, "vergeuden" is the closest synonym, often used for wasting time or opportunities. While "verschwenden" implies a more active, perhaps careless or extravagant use, "vergeuden" suggests letting something valuable slip away or be missed. For example, you might "verschwenden" money by buying too many luxury items, but you might "vergeuden" an opportunity by not taking a job offer.
Verschwenden: Er verschwendet Geld für teure Autos.
Vergeuden: Sie vergaß die Gelegenheit und vergeudete sie.
- "aufbrauchen" - Using Up
- This verb means "to use up" or "to consume." It's more neutral than "verschwenden" and doesn't necessarily imply waste. You "brauchen" something up when you finish it or use all of it, whether intentionally or not.
Aufbrauchen: Wir müssen die Vorräte aufbrauchen.
Verschwenden: Wir sollten die Vorräte nicht verschwenden.
- "verbrauchen" - To Consume
- Similar to "aufbrauchen," "verbrauchen" means "to consume" or "to use." It's a general term for using up resources like energy, water, or fuel. It doesn't inherently carry the negative connotation of waste, though excessive consumption can be considered wasteful.
Verbrauchen: Das Auto verbraucht viel Benzin.
Verschwenden: Er verschwendet Benzin, indem er zu schnell fährt.
- "unnötig verwenden" - To Use Unnecessarily
- This is a more descriptive phrase that directly states something is being used without necessity. It's less idiomatic than "verschwenden" but very clear.
Unnötig verwenden: Wir verwenden unnötigerweise Wasser.
Verschwenden: Wir verschwenden Wasser.
- "verschleudern" - Squandering
- This verb is a stronger, more negative term than "verschwenden." It implies squandering or frittering away money or assets carelessly, often in a reckless or irresponsible manner.
Verschleudern: Er hat das Erbe seines Vaters verschleudert.
Verschwenden: Er hat viel Geld für Luxusgüter verschwendet.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The 'ver-' prefix in German often indicates a negative or complete action. In 'verschwenden', it suggests that something is completely used up or lost, hence the idea of waste. It shares this prefix with many other verbs like 'verlieren' (to lose) or 'verbrauchen' (to consume).
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the initial 'v' as in 'very' instead of 'f'.
- Not emphasizing the second syllable.
- Pronouncing the final 'en' too strongly.
難易度
The verb 'verschwenden' is common and generally straightforward. Understanding its nuance, especially in relation to synonyms like 'vergeuden', requires a B1/B2 level. Recognizing its use in abstract contexts (e.g., 'Gefühle verschwenden') also pushes the difficulty higher.
Forming correct sentences, especially in subordinate clauses or with abstract objects, requires grammatical accuracy typical of B1/B2 learners. Distinguishing it from synonyms can be challenging.
Using 'verschwenden' appropriately in conversation, particularly when expressing criticism or regret, requires contextual awareness. Fluency in using its common collocations is key.
Recognizing 'verschwenden' in spoken German is generally easy due to its commonality. Understanding the implied criticism or regret depends on the context and the speaker's tone.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Verb placement in subordinate clauses (dass, weil, ob, wenn)
Ich weiß nicht, warum er so viel Zeit verschwendet.
Modal verbs (können, müssen, wollen, sollen, dürfen, mögen) + infinitive
Wir dürfen unsere Ressourcen nicht verschwenden.
Perfect tense with 'haben'
Sie hat viel Geld verschwendet.
Imperative forms
Verschwende deine Zeit nicht!
Infinitive clauses with 'zu'
Es ist wichtig, keine Energie zu verschwenden.
レベル別の例文
Lass uns nicht unsere Zeit verschwenden.
Let's not waste our time.
Simple present tense, direct object 'unsere Zeit'.
Bitte verschwende kein Wasser.
Please don't waste water.
Imperative, negative command.
Das ist Geldverschwendung.
That is a waste of money.
Uses the noun 'Geldverschwendung'.
Wir verschwenden Papier.
We waste paper.
Simple present tense, direct object 'Papier'.
Verschwende keine Energie.
Don't waste energy.
Imperative, negative command.
Er verschwendet Essen.
He wastes food.
Simple present tense, direct object 'Essen'.
Lasst uns nicht so viel reden.
Let's not talk so much.
Implies wasting time talking.
Das ist eine Verschwendung.
That is a waste.
Uses the noun 'Verschwendung'.
Es ist sinnlos, unsere Zeit zu verschwenden.
It is pointless to waste our time.
Infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Wir sollten keine Lebensmittel verschwenden.
We should not waste food.
Modal verb 'sollten' + infinitive.
Er hat seine Energie für nichts verschwendet.
He wasted his energy on nothing.
Perfect tense with 'haben'.
Warum verschwendest du dein Geld?
Why are you wasting your money?
Question, present tense.
Verschwende dein Talent nicht!
Don't waste your talent!
Imperative, negative command.
Das Projekt hat zu viel Geld verschwendet.
The project wasted too much money.
Perfect tense with 'haben'.
Sie hat ihre Chance verschwendet.
She wasted her chance.
Perfect tense with 'haben'.
Lasst uns nicht über Kleinigkeiten streiten.
Let's not argue about trivialities.
Implies wasting time and energy.
Es ist wichtig, dass wir unsere Ressourcen nicht verschwenden.
It is important that we do not waste our resources.
Subordinate clause with 'dass', verb at the end.
Wer seine Zeit verschwendet, verliert wertvolle Gelegenheiten.
Whoever wastes their time loses valuable opportunities.
Relative clause, main clause with verb second.
Ich ärgere mich, dass ich so viel Mühe verschwendet habe.
I am annoyed that I wasted so much effort.
Subordinate clause, perfect tense.
Man sollte nicht seine Gefühle an unreife Menschen verschwenden.
One should not waste their feelings on immature people.
Modal verb 'sollte' + infinitive, abstract object.
Die Firma hat zu viel Geld in ein gescheitertes Projekt verschwendet.
The company wasted too much money on a failed project.
Perfect tense, prepositional phrase 'in ein Projekt'.
Es wäre eine Schande, dieses Potenzial zu verschwenden.
It would be a shame to waste this potential.
Conditional mood, infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Versuchen wir, keine Zeit mit Diskussionen zu verschwenden, die zu nichts führen.
Let's try not to waste time on discussions that lead to nothing.
Imperative, infinitive clause with 'zu', relative clause.
Er hat sein Erbe leichtfertig verschwendet.
He carelessly wasted his inheritance.
Adverb 'leichtfertig', perfect tense.
Wir müssen Wege finden, um unsere Energie nicht zu verschwenden.
We must find ways not to waste our energy.
Infinitive clause with 'um...zu', negative infinitive.
Die übermäßige Nutzung von Plastik verschwendet wertvolle natürliche Ressourcen.
The excessive use of plastic wastes valuable natural resources.
Subject as a noun phrase, present tense.
Es ist bedauerlich, dass so viele Talente ungenutzt bleiben und somit verschwendet werden.
It is regrettable that so many talents remain unused and are thus wasted.
Passive voice 'verschwendet werden', subordinate clause.
Wer seine Zeit mit sinnlosen Aktivitäten verschwendet, wird seine Ziele kaum erreichen.
Whoever wastes their time on pointless activities will hardly achieve their goals.
Relative clause, future implication with 'wird erreichen'.
Die Regierung wurde dafür kritisiert, Steuergelder zu verschwenden.
The government was criticized for wasting tax money.
Infinitive clause with 'zu', passive voice 'wurde kritisiert'.
Man sollte seine Emotionen nicht unnötig verschwenden, besonders nicht an Menschen, die es nicht wert sind.
One should not waste their emotions unnecessarily, especially not on people who are not worth it.
Adverb 'unnötigerweise', comparative context with 'nicht wert sind'.
Es ist eine ethische Verpflichtung, keine Ressourcen zu verschwenden.
It is an ethical obligation not to waste resources.
Noun phrase 'ethische Verpflichtung', negative infinitive.
Er hat seine letzte Chance leichtfertig verschwendet, indem er zu spät kam.
He carelessly wasted his last chance by arriving too late.
Gerundial phrase with 'indem', adverb 'leichtfertig'.
Die anhaltende Verschwendung von Wasser in der Industrie ist ein globales Problem, das dringende Maßnahmen erfordert.
The continued waste of water in industry is a global problem that requires urgent measures.
Noun phrase 'anhaltende Verschwendung', relative clause.
Es ist kontraproduktiv, seine Energie in fruchtlose Debatten zu verschwenden, anstatt konstruktive Lösungen zu suchen.
It is counterproductive to waste one's energy on fruitless debates instead of seeking constructive solutions.
Infinitive clause with 'statt...zu', comparative structure.
Die Entscheidung, öffentliche Gelder für Prestigeobjekte zu verschwenden, anstatt in grundlegende Infrastruktur zu investieren, stieß auf breite Kritik.
The decision to waste public funds on prestige projects instead of investing in basic infrastructure met with widespread criticism.
Complex sentence structure, infinitive clause with 'anstatt...zu'.
Man sollte nicht die wertvolle Zeit seiner Mitmenschen durch unnötige Erklärungen verschwenden.
One should not waste the valuable time of their fellow human beings through unnecessary explanations.
Genitive case 'seiner Mitmenschen', abstract object.
Das unbedachte Verschwenden von Rohstoffen gefährdet nicht nur die Umwelt, sondern auch zukünftige Generationen.
The thoughtless waste of raw materials endangers not only the environment but also future generations.
Noun phrase 'unbedachte Verschwendung', correlative conjunction 'nicht nur...sondern auch'.
Es ist eine tragische Ironie, wenn hochtalentierte Individuen ihr Potenzial verschwenden, indem sie sich selbst sabotieren.
It is a tragic irony when highly talented individuals waste their potential by sabotaging themselves.
Subordinate clause 'wenn', gerundial phrase 'indem'.
Die Politik darf die knappen finanziellen Mittel nicht für kurzfristige Effekte verschwenden, sondern muss nachhaltige Lösungen priorisieren.
Politics must not waste scarce financial resources on short-term effects but must prioritize sustainable solutions.
Contrast with 'sondern', modal verb 'muss'.
Das Unternehmen wurde angehalten, die Verschwendung von Ressourcen durch effizientere Produktionsmethoden zu minimieren.
The company was urged to minimize the waste of resources through more efficient production methods.
Noun phrase 'Verschwendung von Ressourcen', infinitive clause with 'zu'.
Die unreflektierte Konsumgesellschaft neigt dazu, materielle Güter in einem Ausmaß zu verschwenden, das ökologisch und ökonomisch nicht länger tragbar ist.
The unreflective consumer society tends to waste material goods to an extent that is no longer ecologically and economically sustainable.
Complex sentence structure, participial phrase 'unreflektierte Konsumgesellschaft'.
Es ist eine Form der Selbstsabotage, wenn man seine kreativen Energien in unwichtige Details verschwendet, anstatt das große Ganze im Blick zu behalten.
It is a form of self-sabotage when one wastes their creative energies on unimportant details instead of keeping the big picture in mind.
Subordinate clause with 'wenn', infinitive clause with 'anstatt...zu'.
Die diplomatische Bemühung, eine Eskalation zu verhindern, darf nicht durch kleinliche Streitereien oder die Verschwendung von Verhandlungszeit untergraben werden.
The diplomatic effort to prevent an escalation must not be undermined by petty disputes or the waste of negotiation time.
Passive voice 'untergraben werden', noun phrase 'Verschwendung von Verhandlungszeit'.
Die Verantwortung, die uns als Generation auferlegt ist, gebietet, dass wir unsere begrenzten Ressourcen nicht leichtfertig verschwenden.
The responsibility imposed upon us as a generation dictates that we do not carelessly waste our limited resources.
Subordinate clause with 'dass', modal verb 'gebietet'.
Es ist tragisch zu beobachten, wie exzellente strategische Planung durch mangelhafte Ausführung und die Verschwendung von taktischen Möglichkeiten zunichte gemacht wird.
It is tragic to observe how excellent strategic planning is nullified by poor execution and the waste of tactical opportunities.
Passive voice 'zunichte gemacht wird', noun phrase 'Verschwendung von taktischen Möglichkeiten'.
Die Kunst des Lebens besteht darin, seine Energie nicht an negative Gedanken oder verpasste Gelegenheiten zu verschwenden, sondern den gegenwärtigen Moment zu nutzen.
The art of living consists in not wasting one's energy on negative thoughts or missed opportunities, but in utilizing the present moment.
Contrast with 'sondern', infinitive clause with 'zu nutzen'.
Die Verlockung, kurzfristige Gewinne durch die Verschwendung von Kapital zu erzielen, muss der langfristigen Vision von nachhaltigem Wachstum weichen.
The temptation to achieve short-term gains through the waste of capital must give way to the long-term vision of sustainable growth.
Noun phrase 'Verschwendung von Kapital', modal verb 'muss weichen'.
Ein Mangel an Weitsicht führt oft dazu, dass wertvolle Zeit und Mühe für Projekte verschwendet werden, die von vornherein zum Scheitern verurteilt sind.
A lack of foresight often leads to valuable time and effort being wasted on projects that are doomed to fail from the outset.
Passive voice 'verschwendet werden', participial phrase 'zum Scheitern verurteilt'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To waste one's effort.
Ich will mir nicht die Mühe verschwenden, es zu erklären.
よく混同される語
Both mean 'to waste', but 'verschwenden' implies a more active, often careless or extravagant expenditure of resources (money, time, energy), while 'vergeuden' often refers to letting opportunities or time slip away idly or without purpose.
'Verschleudern' is a stronger, more negative term, implying squandering or frittering away money or assets recklessly. It's more about reckless spending than just general careless use.
'Verbrauchen' simply means 'to consume' or 'to use up'. It's a neutral term and doesn't inherently carry the negative connotation of waste unless the consumption is excessive or unnecessary.
慣用句と表現
— To waste time, often on something unproductive or trivial.
Ich habe meine Zeit mit diesem sinnlosen Spiel verschwendet.
Neutral— To waste money extravagantly or foolishly.
Sie wirft ihr Geld zum Fenster hinaus, anstatt zu sparen.
Informal— To waste someone's time.
Entschuldige, dass ich deine Zeit verschwendet habe.
Neutral— To waste one's effort on something futile.
Ich werde mir nicht die Mühe verschwenden, es zu versuchen.
Neutral— To speak without being heard or understood, or to say something that has no effect.
Ich werde meine Worte nicht an dich verschwenden, du hörst sowieso nicht zu.
Neutral— To not use one's abilities to their full potential.
Es ist eine Schande, ein solches Talent zu verschwenden.
Neutral— To direct affection or emotions towards someone who doesn't deserve it or won't reciprocate.
Du solltest deine Gefühle nicht an ihn verschwenden.
Neutral— To miss or not take advantage of an opportunity.
Er hat seine letzte Chance verschwendet.
Neutral— To expend energy on something unproductive.
Streit verschwendet nur Energie.
Neutral— To waste money on something specific.
Sie verschwendet ihr Geld für unnötige Gadgets.
Neutral間違えやすい
Both verbs translate to 'to waste' in English and are often used in similar contexts, especially regarding time.
'Verschwenden' typically refers to the active, often careless or extravagant expenditure of resources like money, energy, or materials. 'Vergeuden' is more about letting something valuable, especially time or opportunities, slip away or be missed without utilizing it. For instance, you 'verschwenden' money by buying unnecessary things, but you 'vergeuden' an opportunity by not taking a job offer.
Er hat sein Geld verschwendet. (He wasted his money.) vs. Er hat die Chance vergeudet. (He wasted the chance.)
It is a strong synonym for wasting, particularly money, and implies a severe lack of care.
'Verschleudern' suggests a more reckless, often flamboyant, and irresponsible squandering of money or assets. It carries a stronger negative connotation than 'verschwenden', implying a complete lack of control or foresight. While 'verschwenden' can be about simple carelessness, 'verschleudern' is about actively throwing away valuable assets.
Er hat sein Erbe verschwendet. (He wasted his inheritance - could be through several bad decisions.) vs. Er hat sein Erbe verschleudert. (He squandered his inheritance - implies he spent it wildly and irresponsibly, perhaps on parties or luxuries.)
Both verbs deal with the use of resources, and 'consuming' can sometimes lead to 'wasting'.
'Verbrauchen' is a neutral term meaning 'to consume' or 'to use up'. It doesn't inherently imply waste. For example, a car 'verbraucht' fuel, and a factory 'verbraucht' electricity. 'Verschwenden' specifically means to use these resources carelessly or unnecessarily, leading to a loss. You 'verbrauchen' energy by using it, but you 'verschwenden' energy by leaving lights on in an empty room.
Das Kraftwerk verbraucht viel Kohle. (The power plant consumes a lot of coal.) vs. Wir dürfen keine Energie verschwenden. (We must not waste energy.)
Similar to 'verbrauchen', it relates to using something up.
'Aufbrauchen' means 'to use up completely' or 'to finish'. It's often used for food or supplies. While using something up completely might sometimes be seen as wasteful if it wasn't necessary, the verb itself is neutral. 'Verschwenden' is about the *manner* of use – careless, extravagant, or for no purpose. You 'brauchen' food up by eating it, but you 'verschwenden' food by throwing away leftovers.
Wir müssen die Milch aufbrauchen. (We must use up the milk.) vs. Wir sollten keine Milch verschwenden. (We should not waste milk.)
It's the direct opposite concept related to resources.
'Sparen' means 'to save' or 'to economize'. It is the antonym of wasting. While 'verschwenden' is about using resources carelessly and leading to loss, 'sparen' is about conserving resources and preventing loss, often to accumulate them or use them more prudently later.
Er verschwendet sein Geld. (He wastes his money.) vs. Er spart sein Geld. (He saves his money.)
文型パターン
Subject + verschwenden + Object.
Ich verschwende Zeit.
Imperative: Verschwende(t) + Object!
Verschwende kein Geld!
Subject + Modalverb + Object + verschwenden.
Wir sollten keine Energie verschwenden.
Subject + haben + Object + verschwendet.
Er hat seine Chance verschwendet.
Subordinate clause: ..., dass + Subject + Object + verschwenden.
Ich ärgere mich, dass ich meine Zeit verschwende.
Infinitive clause with 'zu': Es ist + Adjective + , + zu + verschwenden.
Es ist dumm, dieses Talent zu verschwenden.
Passive voice: Object + wird/wurde + verschwendet.
Die Ressourcen werden verschwendet.
Gerundial phrase with 'indem': ..., indem + Subject + Object + verschwenden.
Er verschwendet sein Geld, indem er immer das Neueste kauft.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High
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Confusing 'verschwenden' with 'vergeuden' in specific contexts.
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Using 'verschwenden' for active, careless expenditure and 'vergeuden' for letting opportunities or time slip away.
While both mean 'to waste,' 'verschwenden' implies a more active, sometimes extravagant use of resources (money, energy), leading to their depletion. 'Vergeuden' is more about letting valuable things like time or opportunities pass by idly or without being utilized. For instance, 'Geld verschwenden' is about spending it carelessly, while 'Zeit vergeuden' is about letting time pass without purpose.
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Incorrect verb placement in subordinate clauses.
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The verb 'verschwenden' must go to the end of the subordinate clause.
In clauses introduced by conjunctions like 'dass', 'weil', 'ob', 'wenn', etc., the conjugated verb moves to the final position. For example, instead of 'Ich weiß nicht, warum er verschwendet Geld', it should be 'Ich weiß nicht, warum er Geld verschwendet.'
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Using 'verschwenden' for simple consumption.
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Using neutral verbs like 'verbrauchen' or 'aufbrauchen' for simple consumption.
'Verschwenden' specifically implies wastefulness – using something carelessly, extravagantly, or for no purpose. 'Verbrauchen' (to consume) or 'aufbrauchen' (to use up) are neutral terms for using resources. For example, a car 'verbraucht' fuel, but driving it excessively fast 'verschwendet' fuel.
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Overuse of 'verschwenden' when a more specific term is appropriate.
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Choosing the most precise verb for the situation, like 'verschleudern' for reckless squandering or 'verplempern' for frittering away time carelessly.
While 'verschwenden' is a good general term for waste, more specific verbs exist. 'Verschleudern' implies reckless squandering of money, and 'verplempern' suggests frittering away time or money carelessly, often in a childish way. Using these more specific terms can make your language richer.
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Incorrectly using the past participle 'verschwendet' without 'haben'.
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Forming the perfect tense with 'haben + verschwendet'.
Like most verbs related to actions, 'verschwenden' forms its perfect tense with the auxiliary verb 'haben'. For example, 'Ich habe Geld verschwendet', not 'Ich bin Geld verschwendet'.
ヒント
Distinguish from Synonyms
Be aware of similar words like 'vergeuden' (letting opportunities slip away) and 'verschleudern' (recklessly squandering). Using the correct word adds precision to your German.
Verb Placement
Remember that in subordinate clauses (introduced by 'dass', 'weil', 'ob', etc.), the verb 'verschwenden' moves to the end of the clause. For example: 'Ich weiß nicht, ob er seine Zeit verschwendet.'
Listen Actively
When listening to German, pay attention to how native speakers use 'verschwenden'. Notice the objects they associate with it and the tone they use (e.g., regret, criticism, warning).
Visual Associations
Create strong visual links. Imagine a leaky faucet dripping gold coins ('Geld verschwenden') or a clock with its hands spinning wildly ('Zeit verschwenden').
Use in Sentences
Actively try to incorporate 'verschwenden' into your own sentences. Write about how you manage your time, money, or energy, or criticize wasteful practices you observe.
Connotation of Waste
'Verschwenden' carries a negative connotation. It implies that something valuable has been used poorly, carelessly, or without achieving a worthwhile outcome. Be mindful of this when using it.
Perfect Tense
The past participle is 'verschwendet'. Remember to use the auxiliary verb 'haben' for the perfect tense: 'Er hat sein Geld verschwendet.'
Cultural Value
In German culture, efficiency and avoiding waste are highly valued. Understanding this context helps appreciate why 'verschwenden' is such a commonly used and often criticized action.
Related Nouns
Familiarize yourself with the noun 'die Verschwendung' (waste, wastage) and compound nouns like 'Geldverschwendung' (waste of money) and 'Zeitverschwendung' (waste of time) to broaden your understanding.
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記憶術
Imagine a very wasteful person who is literally 'swimming' ('schwimmen') in money and time, letting it all 'vanish' ('verschwinden') without a care. They are so extravagant that everything they touch just disappears.
視覚的連想
Picture a leaky faucet dripping precious golden coins and water down a drain. The coins represent money, and the water represents time or resources. The act of dripping and vanishing is the core of 'verschwenden'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to create three sentences using 'verschwenden' about things you personally try not to waste. For example, 'I try not to verschwenden my time on social media too much.'
語源
The verb 'verschwenden' originates from Middle High German 'verswinden' (to disappear, vanish) and Old High German 'farswintan'. It is related to the concept of something vanishing or being used up.
元の意味： Originally, it meant 'to disappear' or 'to become lost'. Over time, its meaning shifted to 'to use up' and then specifically 'to use up carelessly or wastefully'.
Germanic文化的な背景
The term 'verschwenden' can carry a strong moral judgment. Using it implies criticism of someone's actions. Be mindful of the context and your relationship with the person you are speaking to when using it, especially when referring to personal finances or efforts.
In English-speaking cultures, while waste is also often discouraged, the emphasis can sometimes be more on consumption and convenience. The German cultural inclination towards meticulous planning and avoiding waste is a notable difference.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Discussing personal finances and budgeting.
- Wir sollten unser Geld nicht verschwenden.
- Das ist reine Geldverschwendung.
- Ich verschwende kein Geld für unnötige Dinge.
Talking about time management and productivity.
- Verschwende deine Zeit nicht.
- Es ist sinnlos, Zeit zu verschwenden.
- Wir verschwenden keine Zeit mehr mit Warten.
Environmental discussions and sustainability.
- Wir dürfen keine Ressourcen verschwenden.
- Lebensmittelverschwendung ist ein großes Problem.
- Verschwende kein Wasser.
Criticizing inefficient projects or decisions.
- Das Projekt hat zu viel Geld verschwendet.
- Sie verschwenden unsere Energie.
- Diese Entscheidung verschwendet wertvolle Zeit.
Expressing regret over past actions.
- Ich ärgere mich, dass ich meine Zeit verschwendet habe.
- Er bedauert, seine Mühe verschwendet zu haben.
会話のきっかけ
"Was sind Dinge, die du persönlich nicht verschwenden möchtest?"
"Wie kann man verhindern, dass man seine Zeit verschwendet?"
"Glaubst du, dass in unserer Gesellschaft zu viel verschwendet wird?"
"Welche Art von Verschwendung findest du am schlimmsten?"
"Kannst du ein Beispiel nennen, wo jemand wertvolle Ressourcen verschwendet hat?"
日記のテーマ
Schreibe über eine Situation, in der du das Gefühl hattest, deine Zeit oder Energie verschwendet zu haben. Was hast du daraus gelernt?
Denke über deine Ausgaben nach. Gibt es Bereiche, in denen du dazu neigst, Geld zu verschwenden? Wie könntest du das ändern?
Wie wichtig ist es dir persönlich, keine Lebensmittel zu verschwenden? Was sind deine Strategien, um dies zu vermeiden?
Beschreibe einen Moment, in dem du eine wertvolle Gelegenheit verschwendet hast. Wie hat sich das angefühlt und was würdest du heute anders machen?
Überlege, wie du dein Talent oder deine Fähigkeiten besser nutzen könntest, anstatt sie zu verschwenden. Was sind deine Ziele?
よくある質問
10 問While both mean 'to waste', 'verschwenden' often implies a more active, sometimes extravagant or careless use of resources like money, time, or energy, leading to their depletion. 'Vergeuden' is more about letting something valuable, particularly time or opportunities, slip away or be missed without proper use. For example, you might 'verschwenden' money on impulse buys, but you might 'vergeuden' an opportunity by not acting on it promptly.
Yes, 'verschwenden' can be used with abstract nouns. For example, 'Gefühle verschwenden' means to direct affection or emotions towards someone who doesn't deserve it or won't reciprocate. Similarly, 'Talent verschwenden' means not using one's abilities to their full potential.
'Verschwenden' is a versatile verb used in both formal and informal contexts. In very informal settings, stronger words like 'verschleudern' (squander) or 'verplempern' (fritter away) might be used. In formal contexts, it's commonly used in discussions about economics, environmentalism, and resource management.
The most common objects of 'verschwenden' are 'Zeit' (time), 'Geld' (money), 'Energie' (energy), and 'Ressourcen' (resources). 'Lebensmittel' (food) and 'Talent' (talent) are also frequently mentioned.
The past participle of 'verschwenden' is 'verschwendet'. It is used with the auxiliary verb 'haben' to form the perfect tense. For example: 'Ich habe viel Zeit verschwendet.'
Yes, very common phrases include 'Zeit verschwenden' (to waste time), 'Geld verschwenden' (to waste money), 'Energie verschwenden' (to waste energy), and 'Ressourcen verschwenden' (to waste resources). The noun form 'Verschwendung' is also used, as in 'Das ist Geldverschwendung' (That is a waste of money).
The primary antonyms are 'sparen' (to save) and 'nutzen' (to use effectively or utilize). 'Effizient einsetzen' (to use efficiently) also represents the opposite concept.
Yes, it can be used in the passive voice. For example: 'Die Zeit wird verschwendet.' (Time is being wasted.) or 'Das Geld wurde verschwendet.' (The money was wasted.)
The noun form is 'die Verschwendung', which means 'waste' or 'wastage'.
Think of 'verschwenden' as actively 'spending' (like 'spend' in English) resources carelessly, letting them 'sch' (sh) away. 'Vergeuden' is more about letting opportunities 'go' (like 'go' in English, but with a 'v' sound) or pass by without use.
自分をテスト 10 問
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Summary
"Verschwenden" means to waste something valuable like time, money, or energy through careless or unproductive use, leading to a loss. It's a common verb used to express regret or criticism about how resources are utilized.
- To waste time, money, or resources carelessly or without purpose.
- Implies a loss or unproductive use of something valuable.
- Commonly used for time, money, energy, and resources.
- Carries a negative connotation of squandering.
Context is Key
Always consider what is being wasted. 'Verschwenden' is most commonly used for tangible things like money and resources, but also for intangible ones like time, energy, and even emotions. The context will clarify the specific meaning.
Distinguish from Synonyms
Be aware of similar words like 'vergeuden' (letting opportunities slip away) and 'verschleudern' (recklessly squandering). Using the correct word adds precision to your German.
Verb Placement
Remember that in subordinate clauses (introduced by 'dass', 'weil', 'ob', etc.), the verb 'verschwenden' moves to the end of the clause. For example: 'Ich weiß nicht, ob er seine Zeit verschwendet.'
Listen Actively
When listening to German, pay attention to how native speakers use 'verschwenden'. Notice the objects they associate with it and the tone they use (e.g., regret, criticism, warning).
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