Chapter in 30 Seconds
Master the art of giving clear instructions and making polite requests in everyday situations.
- Give direct commands to friends and colleagues.
- Form negative instructions to avoid mistakes.
- Ask for items or permission using polite structures.
学べること
こんにちは!いよいよ本格的な「やりとり」のスタートです。このチャプターでは、相手に指示を出したり、丁寧にお願いしたりする方法をマスターしましょう。まずは「Sit down(座って)」のように、動詞から始めるシンプルな『命令形』から練習します。さらに「Don't」を付け足すだけで「〜しないで」と禁止を伝えるコツも学べますよ。でも、いつも命令ばかりでは少しドキドキしますよね?そこで「Please」を添えて、印象をぐっと優しくする方法もセットで身につけましょう!後半は魔法の言葉「Can」が登場します。自分の得意なことを伝えたり、「Can I...?」を使って「〜してもいいですか?」と許可をもらったり、日常で一番よく使う表現が盛りだくさんです。レストランで注文したり、友達にちょっとしたお願いをしたり。この章が終わる頃には、あなたの英語がぐっと「生きた言葉」として相手に伝わるようになりますよ。リラックスして、一緒に楽しく始めていきましょう!
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ボスモード:肯定命令(命令形)肯定命令形は、「動詞の元の形」を使って、はっきりとした「直接の指示」や「お願い」をするための大事なスキルだよ。
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否定命令形 (~するな)「Don't」は、誰かに何かを「やめて」とか「避けて」と伝えるための「とっても便利な言葉」です!
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丁寧な命令形(Pleaseを使う)小さな「please」で、ただの命令が「polite(丁寧)」で「respectful(敬意のある)」な「requests(お願い)」に変わります。
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Can: 現在の能力を表現する「Can」をマスターして、自分や周りの人が「今、何ができるか」を自信を持って伝えられるようになりましょう!「ability」
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Can: 依頼と許可「Can」は、何かを「お願い」したり、「許可」したり、「断ったり」するときに使う、あなたの優しい味方です。
Learning Objectives
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
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1
By the end you will be able to: Use imperative verbs to give directions to a classmate.
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2
By the end you will be able to: Ask for help or permission in a café or office setting.
チャプターガイド
Overview
Wait! or asking Can I help? – these simple phrases open up a world of practical communication.Sit down and negative commands such as "Don't worry," giving you the confidence to direct people or offer warnings. You’ll also learn the magic of adding 'please' to make your instructions wonderfully polite. Plus, we'll introduce the versatile word 'can' for talking about your abilities and making friendly requests.How This Grammar Works
Boss Mode. For example, if you want someone to stop, you just say, Stop!or for an action,
Listen!These are very direct.
or to advise them,Don't worry."
Please sit down.or
Open the door, please.And for negative polite requests: "Please don't go.
or Don't forget, please." This makes a big difference in how your message is received!I can swim.or
She can speak English.Notice that the verb after 'can' is always the base form. Secondly, 'can' is perfect for making friendly requests or asking for permission. For example,
Can I help you?to offer assistance, or
Can you open the window?to ask someone to do something for you.
Common Mistakes
- 1✗ You sit here.
- 1✗ Not go there.
- 1✗ I can to swim.
helper verb and the main verb follows directly.Real Conversations
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Quick FAQ
How do I make a simple command in English?
Just use the base form of the verb. For example,
Stop!or
Listen!To be polite, add 'please':
Please wait.
When should I use 'Don't'?
Use 'Don't' before the base verb to tell someone *not* to do something. For instance, "Don't touch that! or Don't forget your keys."
What's the main difference between Go! and Can I go?
Go!is a direct command, telling someone to do something.
Can I go?is a polite question asking for permission to go. The first is an instruction, the second is a request.
Is
Can you help me?always polite enough?
Yes,
Can you help me?is a very common and friendly way to ask for help in most everyday situations. Adding 'please' (e.g.,
Can you help me, please?) makes it even more polite.
Cultural Context
重要な例文 (8)
ヒントとコツ (4)
いつも元の形
動詞はいつも「元の形」で!
迷ったら「Please」をつけよう!
Please tell me the way.
「To」はつけない!
重要な語彙 (6)
Real-World Preview
At the Library
Review Summary
- Verb + Object
- Don't + Verb
- Command + please
- Subject + can + verb
- Can I + Verb + ...?
よくある間違い
Imperatives don't need a subject like 'you'. Start directly with the verb.
The verb 'can' is followed immediately by the base verb without 'to'.
Use 'Don't' to make a command negative in English, not 'No'.
このチャプターのルール (5)
Next Steps
You are making amazing progress! Keep practicing these phrases in your daily life.
Give 5 commands to your pet or a plant
クイック練習 (10)
Find and fix the mistake:
He cans play the piano well.
Canはどの主語に対しても「-s」をつけません。正しい形は「can」です。frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 現在の能力を表現する
___ be late for the meeting!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 否定命令形 (~するな)
___ I borrow your pen?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 依頼と許可
Find and fix the mistake:
You open the door, please.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ボスモード:肯定命令(命令形)
Find and fix the mistake:
Don't please open that.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な命令形(Pleaseを使う)
______ help me with this box?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な命令形(Pleaseを使う)
Find and fix the mistake:
Can I to use your phone?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 依頼と許可
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 否定命令形 (~するな)
Choose the correct sentence:
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 現在の能力を表現する
My little sister ___ read yet.
Can'tは「cannot」の短縮形で、「できない」という能力の欠如を表します。「No can」は間違いで、「cannot to」は「to」が不必要です。frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Can: 現在の能力を表現する
Score: /10