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B1 Verb (present participle) / Gerund #26 よく出る 19分で読める

studying

上位26

練習する例文メモとヒント studying 30秒で

解説 studying in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'studying' is a very simple word that describes what you do in school or at home to learn something new. It usually means reading a book, looking at your notes, or practicing your English words. You might say, 'I am studying English,' or 'He is studying for a test.' It is an active word, meaning you are doing something right now. It is often used with 'am,' 'is,' or 'are.' At this level, you don't need to worry about the complex meanings; just think of it as the work you do to become smarter or to pass a class. It is a very common word that you will hear every day in a classroom. You can study alone, or you can study with a friend. The most important thing to remember is that studying is how you learn new things. When you study, you are trying to remember information so you can use it later. It is a good habit to have, and it helps you do well in school.

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At the A2 level, you can use 'studying' to talk about more specific things. You might say you are 'studying for a math exam' or 'studying at the library.' You understand that studying is a process that takes time and effort. You can also use it as a noun-like word (a gerund), such as in the sentence 'Studying is important.' This means the whole idea of studying is a good thing. You might also start to use it with different time words, like 'I was studying yesterday' or 'I will be studying tomorrow.' At this level, you are beginning to see that studying is not just for school; you can study a hobby, like 'studying how to cook' or 'studying a new game.' It implies that you are giving your attention to something because you want to understand it better. It's more than just looking; it's trying to learn.

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At the B1 level, 'studying' becomes a more versatile word. You can use it to describe a wide range of activities, from preparing for a university degree to investigating a problem at work. You understand the difference between 'studying' (the process) and 'learning' (the result). You can also use it with adverbs to describe how you are studying, such as 'studying hard,' 'studying carefully,' or 'studying effectively.' You might use it in more complex sentence structures, like 'After studying for three hours, I finally understood the concept.' You also recognize common phrases like 'studying abroad,' which means going to another country to go to school. At this level, you are comfortable using 'studying' in both formal and informal situations, and you can explain why you are studying something and what your goals are. You see it as a deliberate and focused activity.

At the B2 level, you use 'studying' with more precision and nuance. You might use it to describe academic research or a detailed analysis of data. For example, 'The researchers are studying the impact of climate change on local wildlife.' You understand that 'studying' can imply a high level of scrutiny and professional rigor. You can also use it in idiomatic expressions and more sophisticated grammatical constructions. You might discuss different 'study habits' or 'study techniques' and compare their effectiveness. You are also aware of synonyms like 'reviewing,' 'revising,' and 'researching,' and you can choose the best word for the context. At this level, you can use 'studying' to talk about complex subjects and abstract ideas, showing that you can engage with the word on a deeper intellectual level. It's not just about school anymore; it's about a methodical approach to understanding anything complex.

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At the C1 level, 'studying' is a word you use to describe deep, scholarly work or highly detailed investigation. You might use it in the context of 'studying the nuances' of a language or 'studying the intricate details' of a legal case. You are comfortable using it as a gerund in complex subjects, such as 'The longitudinal studying of patient outcomes provided invaluable data.' You understand the subtle differences between 'studying,' 'examining,' 'scrutinizing,' and 'analyzing,' and you use them to add variety and precision to your writing. You can also use 'studying' to describe the observation of human behavior or social trends in a professional or academic way. At this level, your use of the word reflects a sophisticated understanding of the intellectual effort required to master a subject or uncover new information. You see studying as a rigorous, disciplined, and often collaborative endeavor.

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At the C2 level, you use 'studying' with complete mastery, often in highly specialized or philosophical contexts. You might speak of 'studying the human condition' or 'studying the fundamental laws of physics.' You can use the word to convey a sense of lifelong dedication and profound intellectual inquiry. Your use of 'studying' is integrated into complex, multi-clause sentences that demonstrate a high level of grammatical and lexical control. You are also aware of the historical and etymological roots of the word, and you might use it in a way that evokes its original meaning of 'eagerness' or 'devotion.' At this level, 'studying' is not just an activity; it is a way of engaging with the world, a commitment to truth, and a hallmark of a highly educated and reflective mind. You can use it to describe the most advanced forms of research and the deepest levels of personal reflection.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

studying 30秒で

Studying is the active and intentional process of learning new information or skills through focused effort and practice.
It is a key part of education and professional growth, involving reading, analyzing, and memorizing material for mastery.
The term can be used as a verb to show an ongoing action or as a noun to describe the concept of learning.
Effective studying often requires a quiet environment, disciplined habits, and active engagement with the subject matter.

The word studying represents a fundamental human activity focused on the acquisition of knowledge, the refinement of skills, and the deepening of understanding. At its core, studying is the intentional and systematic application of the mind to a specific subject or task. Unlike passive learning, which might occur through casual observation or accidental exposure, studying requires a conscious decision to engage with material, analyze its components, and commit its essence to memory. It is a bridge between ignorance and mastery, a process that transforms raw information into usable wisdom. People use this term in a vast array of contexts, ranging from the formal academic environment of schools and universities to the informal pursuit of hobbies or professional development. When a student is studying for a chemistry exam, they are not merely reading words on a page; they are deciphering molecular structures, memorizing periodic trends, and practicing problem-solving techniques. Similarly, a musician studying a complex score is looking beyond the notes to understand the composer's intent, the harmonic progressions, and the technical demands of the piece. The term carries a connotation of diligence and effort, often implying a sacrifice of leisure time in favor of intellectual growth.

Academic Context: In schools, studying is the primary labor of the student. It involves reviewing notes, completing assignments, and preparing for assessments to demonstrate competency.

After dinner, Sarah spent four hours studying her anatomy textbook to prepare for the upcoming lab practical.

Beyond the classroom, the term extends to professional and personal spheres. An architect might be studying the local building codes before designing a new structure, or a chef might be studying the traditional techniques of French pastry making. In these instances, the word emphasizes the investigative and preparatory nature of the work. It suggests a level of scrutiny and detail that goes beyond a simple glance. To study something is to look at it closely, to examine its parts, and to understand how they function together. This can also apply to social situations or behavioral observations. One might say they are studying a person's reaction to news, meaning they are observing carefully to discern underlying emotions or thoughts. The versatility of the word lies in its ability to describe both the mental labor of memorization and the analytical labor of investigation. It is a word that honors the effort required to truly know something.

Professional Application: Professionals study market trends, legal precedents, and technical manuals to stay competitive and compliant in their respective fields.

The detective was studying the crime scene photos, looking for any small detail that might have been missed during the initial investigation.

In the modern digital age, the act of studying has evolved. We no longer rely solely on physical books; we study through online courses, video tutorials, and interactive apps. However, the mental process remains the same: focus, repetition, and synthesis. The word studying also carries a temporal aspect, often referring to a prolonged period of time. You don't usually 'study' for five seconds; you study for an hour, a day, or even years. This duration implies a commitment to the subject matter. When someone says they are studying law, they are not just referring to a single afternoon of reading, but to a multi-year journey of intellectual rigor. The word serves as a marker of dedication, signaling that the individual is invested in their own growth and the mastery of their chosen field. It is a noble pursuit, reflecting the human desire to comprehend the world and our place within it.

By studying the habits of successful entrepreneurs, Mark hoped to find a blueprint for his own startup venture.

Scientific Inquiry: Scientists spend their lives studying natural phenomena, from the behavior of subatomic particles to the movement of distant galaxies.

Researchers are currently studying the long-term effects of microplastics on marine ecosystems.

Ultimately, studying is about more than just passing a test or getting a degree. It is about the cultivation of a disciplined mind and the expansion of one's horizons. It is a process that requires patience, as true understanding often takes time to develop. Whether you are studying a new language, a complex mathematical theory, or the nuances of human psychology, you are engaging in one of the most transformative activities available to us. It allows us to build upon the knowledge of those who came before us and to contribute our own insights to the collective human experience. The word studying is a testament to our curiosity and our relentless drive to improve ourselves and our understanding of the universe.

She found that studying in short, focused bursts was much more effective than long, exhausting sessions.

Using the word studying correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical roles as both a present participle and a gerund. As a present participle, it is used to form continuous tenses, indicating an ongoing action. For example, in the sentence 'I am studying,' the word describes what the subject is doing at the current moment. This usage is common when discussing current activities or future plans. You might say, 'I will be studying all weekend,' to indicate a continuous action in the future. As a gerund, studying functions as a noun, allowing it to serve as the subject or object of a sentence. For instance, 'Studying is essential for success' uses the word as the subject, while 'I enjoy studying history' uses it as the direct object. Understanding these roles allows for greater flexibility and precision in your writing and speech.

Present Participle Usage: Used with auxiliary verbs (am, is, are, was, were) to show an action in progress.

They were studying the map intensely, trying to find the quickest route to the hidden waterfall.

The word studying often takes a direct object, which is the subject matter being learned. Common objects include 'math,' 'science,' 'languages,' or 'the effects of climate change.' However, it can also be used intransitively, meaning it doesn't need an object. 'I need to go; I have to start studying' is a perfectly valid sentence where the focus is on the act itself rather than the specific topic. Additionally, studying is frequently paired with prepositions to provide more context. 'Studying for an exam' indicates the purpose of the activity, while 'studying at the library' indicates the location. 'Studying under a famous professor' suggests a mentorship or a specific academic environment. These nuances help paint a clearer picture of the situation for the listener or reader.

Gerund as Object: When the act of studying follows a verb like 'enjoy,' 'finish,' or 'avoid.'

After hours of hard work, he finally finished studying the intricate blueprints for the new bridge.

In more formal or academic writing, studying can be used to describe research or investigation. Phrases like 'studying the data' or 'studying the population' are common in scientific reports. In these cases, the word implies a rigorous, methodical approach. Conversely, in casual conversation, studying might be used more loosely. A person might say they are 'studying the menu' at a restaurant, which simply means they are looking at it carefully to decide what to eat. Despite the difference in intensity, the core meaning of 'looking closely to gain information' remains consistent. It is also worth noting that studying can be modified by adverbs to describe the manner of the action. You can study 'hard,' 'diligently,' 'carefully,' 'briefly,' or 'obsessively.' These modifiers add depth and emotion to the description of the learning process.

She was studying the old photograph, trying to recognize the faces of her ancestors from long ago.

Adverbial Modification: Using adverbs to describe how the studying is being performed.

He was studying intensely, oblivious to the noise and chaos of the busy coffee shop around him.

Finally, consider the use of studying in idiomatic expressions or common collocations. 'Studying abroad' is a very common phrase referring to a student spending a semester or year in a different country. 'Studying for the bar' specifically refers to the intense preparation required for the legal licensing exam. These specific uses show how the word has become embedded in our cultural and professional milestones. Whether you are using it to describe a toddler studying a bug on the ground or a physicist studying the origins of the universe, the word remains a powerful tool for describing the active pursuit of knowledge. By mastering its various forms and contexts, you can communicate your own intellectual endeavors with clarity and impact.

While studying abroad in Japan, Emily gained a deep appreciation for the country's unique cultural traditions.

The word studying is ubiquitous in daily life, echoing through various environments and social circles. The most obvious place is, of course, the educational setting. In school hallways, university libraries, and classroom discussions, 'studying' is the primary topic of conversation. Students ask each other, 'Are you studying for the midterm?' or 'Where are you studying tonight?' It is the shared language of academic life, representing both a burden and a path to achievement. In these spaces, the word is often associated with stress, coffee, and late nights, but also with the excitement of discovery and the satisfaction of mastering a difficult concept. It is a word that defines the identity of millions of people worldwide who are currently enrolled in some form of formal education.

Academic Environments: Libraries, study halls, and student lounges are the natural habitats for this word.

The university library was packed with students studying for their final exams, the only sound being the turning of pages.

However, you will also hear studying in professional workplaces. In law firms, doctors' offices, and engineering hubs, professionals are constantly 'studying' new cases, medical journals, or technical specifications. Here, the word takes on a more serious, high-stakes tone. A lawyer might say, 'I've been studying the recent Supreme Court ruling to see how it affects our client.' In this context, studying is not just about personal growth; it's about professional competence and the ability to provide expert advice. You might also hear it in corporate boardrooms, where executives are 'studying the market' or 'studying the competition' to make strategic decisions. In the professional world, studying is synonymous with due diligence and informed action.

Professional Settings: Offices, laboratories, and meeting rooms where experts analyze information.

The marketing team spent the entire afternoon studying the consumer feedback from the latest product launch.

In the home, the word is frequently used by parents and children. A parent might ask, 'Have you finished studying your spelling words?' or 'Why aren't you studying?' It is a word that often carries the weight of expectation and responsibility within a family. On the other hand, it can also describe a personal passion. You might hear a friend say, 'I've been studying ancient history in my spare time,' or 'I'm studying the guitar.' In these instances, the word is filled with personal interest and the joy of self-improvement. It reflects the idea of lifelong learning, showing that the act of studying is not confined to the years spent in school but is a lifelong pursuit that can bring immense personal satisfaction.

Even at eighty years old, my grandfather is still studying Italian, hoping to one day visit Rome and speak with the locals.

Personal Hobbies: Home environments where individuals pursue their own intellectual or creative interests.

He spent his weekends studying the art of woodworking, slowly building a collection of handmade furniture.

Finally, you'll encounter studying in the media and in public discourse. News reports might mention scientists 'studying the effects of a new drug' or economists 'studying the impact of inflation.' In documentaries, narrators describe researchers 'studying the behavior of lions in the wild.' In these cases, the word lends an air of authority and scientific rigor to the information being presented. It tells the audience that the conclusions being shared are based on careful observation and analysis. Whether it's a student in a dorm room, a scientist in a lab, or a hobbyist at home, the word 'studying' is a universal marker of the human effort to understand, learn, and grow. It is a word that connects us all in our shared quest for knowledge.

The documentary followed a team of biologists who were studying the migration patterns of monarch butterflies across North America.

While studying is a common word, it is frequently misused in ways that can obscure meaning or sound unnatural to native speakers. One of the most common mistakes is confusing 'studying' with 'learning.' While they are related, they are not interchangeable. Studying is the process—the act of reading, practicing, and analyzing. Learning is the result—the actual acquisition of knowledge or skill. You can say, 'I spent all night studying, but I didn't learn anything,' which highlights this distinction. Another frequent error involves the use of prepositions. Many learners say 'studying to an exam' instead of the correct 'studying for an exam.' The preposition 'for' indicates the purpose or goal of the study. Similarly, when talking about a subject, we usually 'study [subject]' directly (e.g., 'I am studying math') rather than 'studying about math,' although the latter is sometimes used for more general or casual exploration.

Studying vs. Learning: Mistake: 'I am learning for my test.' Correct: 'I am studying for my test.' (Learning is the goal, studying is the action.)

He was studying for his driver's license test, hoping he would finally learn all the rules of the road.

Another area of confusion is the difference between 'studying' and 'reading.' While studying often involves reading, it is a much more active and intense process. If you are just reading a novel for pleasure, you aren't really 'studying' it unless you are analyzing the themes, characters, and literary devices for a class or project. Using 'studying' when you just mean 'reading' can sound overly formal or even slightly odd. For example, saying 'I am studying a magazine' sounds strange unless you are a marketing professional analyzing its layout. Conversely, saying 'I'm just reading for my biology exam' might suggest a lack of effort, as 'studying' would be the more appropriate term for the rigorous preparation required. Understanding the intensity and intent behind the action is key to choosing the right word.

Preposition Errors: Mistake: 'She is studying at medicine.' Correct: 'She is studying medicine.' (No preposition needed for the field of study.)

While studying engineering, David realized he had a natural talent for complex mathematics.

There is also a common mistake in using 'studying' to mean 'working.' While they can overlap, especially for students whose 'work' is to study, they are distinct concepts. You 'work' at a job to earn money or complete tasks; you 'study' to gain knowledge. A student might say, 'I have a lot of work to do,' referring to their assignments, but they would usually say, 'I need to study,' when referring to the act of learning the material. Additionally, be careful with the spelling. Because it ends in 'y,' some learners are unsure how to add the '-ing' suffix. Unlike words that change 'y' to 'i' (like 'study' to 'studies'), the '-ing' form simply adds the suffix to the base word: 'study' + 'ing' = 'studying.' Forgetting this can lead to common spelling errors like 'studiing.'

The professor was studying the ancient manuscript, carefully working to translate the faded ink.

Confusing 'Studying' and 'Working': Mistake: 'I am working for my history exam.' Correct: 'I am studying for my history exam.' (Use 'studying' for academic preparation.)

She found it difficult to balance studying for her degree with her full-time job at the hospital.

Finally, avoid overusing 'studying' when a more specific verb would be better. If you are quickly looking over something, 'reviewing' or 'skimming' might be more accurate. If you are trying to memorize something very quickly right before a test, 'cramming' is the more descriptive (though less positive) term. If you are doing deep, original research, 'investigating' or 'researching' might be more appropriate. While 'studying' is a great all-purpose word, using these more specific alternatives can make your English sound more sophisticated and precise. By being mindful of these common pitfalls, you can use the word 'studying' with greater confidence and accuracy in any situation.

Instead of just studying the textbook, the students decided to conduct their own experiment to see the results firsthand.

The English language offers a rich variety of words that share a similar space with studying, each with its own unique nuance and register. Understanding these alternatives allows you to tailor your language to the specific situation. One of the closest synonyms is 'learning,' but as we've discussed, 'learning' focuses on the outcome, while 'studying' focuses on the process. Another common alternative is 'reviewing,' which implies looking over material you have already encountered. You might 'study' a new chapter, but 'review' your notes before a test. 'Revising' is very similar to 'reviewing,' but it is more common in British English and often implies a more thorough, systematic preparation for an exam. In American English, 'revising' usually means changing or improving a piece of writing.

Studying vs. Reviewing: Studying is for new or deep learning; reviewing is for refreshing your memory of things you already know.

After studying the new concepts in class, the students spent the evening reviewing their notes to ensure they understood everything.

For more formal or scientific contexts, 'researching' and 'investigating' are excellent alternatives. 'Researching' implies a systematic search for new information, often involving multiple sources and original data. 'Investigating' suggests a focused, often problem-solving approach, like a detective 'investigating' a crime or a scientist 'investigating' a strange phenomenon. If the activity involves very close, detailed observation, 'examining' or 'scrutinizing' might be the best choices. 'Scrutinizing' is particularly strong, implying a very critical and thorough examination. On the more informal side, 'hitting the books' is a popular idiom that means to start studying hard. 'Cramming' is another informal term, but it has a negative connotation, referring to the act of trying to learn a large amount of information in a very short period, usually right before an exam.

Studying vs. Researching: Studying is often about absorbing existing knowledge; researching is about discovering or creating new knowledge.

While studying for her PhD, Maria spent most of her time researching the effects of social media on adolescent mental health.

Other words like 'analyzing,' 'contemplating,' and 'pondering' can also be used depending on the nature of the mental activity. 'Analyzing' is great for when you are breaking something down into its parts to understand it better. 'Contemplating' and 'pondering' are more reflective and philosophical, used when you are thinking deeply about a complex idea or a life decision. For example, you might 'study' a textbook, but 'contemplate' the meaning of life. In a professional setting, you might 'evaluate' or 'assess' information, which implies making a judgment about its value or quality. These words are more specific than 'studying' and show a higher level of professional expertise. By expanding your vocabulary to include these synonyms, you can express the nuances of your intellectual work with much greater precision.

The philosopher spent his life studying the works of the great thinkers, often contemplating the nature of truth and justice.

Studying vs. Analyzing: Studying is the general act of learning; analyzing is the specific act of breaking something down to understand its structure.

The economist was studying the latest employment figures, carefully analyzing the data to predict future trends.

In summary, while 'studying' is a versatile and essential word, it is just one part of a larger family of terms related to the pursuit of knowledge. Whether you are 'reviewing' for a quiz, 'researching' a paper, 'analyzing' data, or 'contemplating' a big idea, choosing the right word will help you communicate your thoughts more effectively. Each of these words carries its own flavor and level of intensity, allowing you to paint a more vivid picture of your mental activities. As you continue your journey of 'studying' English, pay attention to how these different words are used in context, and try to incorporate them into your own speaking and writing to become a more nuanced and expressive communicator.

By studying the different ways people learn, educators can develop more effective teaching strategies for all students.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The original Latin meaning focused more on the *passion* and *eagerness* for a subject rather than just the quiet act of reading a book. To study was to be devoted to something.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈstʌdiɪŋ/

US /ˈstʌdiɪŋ/

The stress is on the first syllable: STU-dy-ing.

韻が合う語

Buddying Muddying Bloodying Ruddying Flood-ying (near rhyme) Cuddying Duddying Scuddying

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'stoo-dy-ing' (long 'u').
Dropping the 'y' sound and saying 'stud-ing.'
Dropping the 'g' at the end: 'studyin'.'
Adding an extra syllable: 'stud-ee-ing.'
Misplacing the stress on the second syllable.

難易度

読解 2/5

The word itself is easy to recognize, but its use in complex academic sentences can be challenging.

ライティング 3/5

Learners often struggle with the '-ing' spelling and choosing the correct prepositions.

スピーキング 2/5

Commonly used in daily speech; pronunciation is straightforward for most.

リスニング 2/5

Easily understood in context, though fast speakers might drop the 'g'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

Learn Read Book School Test

次に学ぶ

Analyze Research Review Memorize Synthesize

上級

Pedagogy Epistemology Didactics Scholasticism Cognition

知っておくべき文法

Present Continuous Tense

I am studying (am + verb-ing).

Gerunds as Subjects

Studying is a great way to learn.

Gerunds after Prepositions

He is interested in studying art.

Verbs followed by Gerunds

I finished studying my notes.

Adverbial Participle Phrases

Studying hard, she passed the exam.

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レベル別の例文

I am studying English now.

Je suis en train d'étudier l'anglais maintenant.

Present continuous tense: 'am' + 'studying'.

He is studying for his math test.

Il étudie pour son examen de mathématiques.

Use 'for' to show the reason for studying.

We like studying together at school.

Nous aimons étudier ensemble à l'école.

'Studying' is a gerund here, acting as the object of 'like'.

She is studying in her bedroom.

Elle étudie dans sa chambre.

Preposition 'in' shows the location.

Are you studying today?

Est-ce que tu étudies aujourd'hui ?

Question form of the present continuous.

They are studying new words.

Ils étudient de nouveaux mots.

Direct object 'new words' follows 'studying'.

Studying is good for you.

Étudier est bon pour toi.

'Studying' is the subject of the sentence.

I need to start studying.

Je dois commencer à étudier.

Infinitive phrase 'to start studying'.

I was studying when you called me.

J'étudiais quand tu m'as appelé.

Past continuous tense: 'was' + 'studying'.

She enjoys studying history books.

Elle aime étudier les livres d'histoire.

Gerund after the verb 'enjoys'.

He is studying at the university library.

Il étudie à la bibliothèque de l'université.

Specific location 'at the university library'.

We are studying how to play the guitar.

Nous étudions comment jouer de la guitare.

'Studying how to' followed by an infinitive.

Is she studying for her driver's license?

Est-ce qu'elle étudie pour son permis de conduire ?

Purpose indicated by 'for'.

Studying every day helps you learn faster.

Étudier chaque jour t'aide à apprendre plus vite.

Gerund phrase as the subject.

They spent the afternoon studying the map.

Ils ont passé l'après-midi à étudier la carte.

Verb 'spent' + time + gerund 'studying'.

I will be studying all weekend for the exam.

J'étudierai tout le week-end pour l'examen.

Future continuous tense: 'will be' + 'studying'.

She is studying abroad in Spain this semester.

Elle fait ses études à l'étranger en Espagne ce semestre.

Common collocation 'studying abroad'.

He has been studying very hard lately.

Il a étudié très dur ces derniers temps.

Present perfect continuous tense.

Studying effectively requires a quiet environment.

Étudier efficacement nécessite un environnement calme.

Adverb 'effectively' modifies the gerund 'studying'.

They are studying the effects of the new law.

Ils étudient les effets de la nouvelle loi.

More formal use of 'studying' as investigation.

I finished studying just before the movie started.

J'ai fini d'étudier juste avant que le film ne commence.

Gerund after the verb 'finished'.

She is studying to become a professional nurse.

Elle étudie pour devenir une infirmière professionnelle.

'Studying to become' shows a career goal.

While studying, I like to listen to classical music.

Pendant que j'étudie, j'aime écouter de la musique classique.

Reduced adverbial clause 'While studying'.

He decided to stop studying and take a break.

Il a décidé d'arrêter d'étudier et de faire une pause.

Gerund after the verb 'stop'.

The scientists are studying the long-term impact of pollution.

Les scientifiques étudient l'impact à long terme de la pollution.

Formal academic/scientific usage.

Studying the data revealed several unexpected patterns.

L'étude des données a révélé plusieurs schémas inattendus.

Gerund phrase as the subject of a past tense verb.

She is studying for the bar exam to practice law.

Elle étudie pour l'examen du barreau afin d'exercer le droit.

Specific professional context (bar exam).

By studying the competition, they improved their strategy.

En étudiant la concurrence, ils ont amélioré leur stratégie.

Preposition 'by' + gerund to show the method.

He has a very disciplined approach to studying.

Il a une approche très disciplinée de l'étude.

'Studying' as a gerund object of the preposition 'to'.

They are studying the feasibility of the new project.

Ils étudient la faisabilité du nouveau projet.

Formal business/technical usage.

Studying abroad can be a life-changing experience.

Étudier à l'étranger peut être une expérience qui change la vie.

Gerund phrase as the subject with a modal verb.

She was studying the painting, trying to find the artist's signature.

Elle étudiait le tableau, essayant de trouver la signature de l'artiste.

Participle phrase 'trying to find' modifies the main clause.

The committee is studying the ethical implications of AI.

Le comité étudie les implications éthiques de l'IA.

High-level abstract subject matter.

Years of studying the ancient texts have made him an expert.

Des années d'étude des textes anciens ont fait de lui un expert.

Gerund phrase as the subject with a present perfect verb.

She is studying the intricate relationship between diet and health.

Elle étudie la relation complexe entre l'alimentation et la santé.

Nuanced, complex direct object.

Studying the nuances of the language is a lifelong task.

Étudier les nuances de la langue est une tâche de toute une vie.

Gerund phrase with abstract noun 'nuances'.

They are studying the socioeconomic factors behind the crisis.

Ils étudient les facteurs socio-économiques derrière la crise.

Formal, academic vocabulary ('socioeconomic').

By studying the fossils, we can learn about prehistoric life.

En étudiant les fossiles, nous pouvons en apprendre davantage sur la vie préhistorique.

Prepositional gerund phrase showing scientific method.

The professor is studying the evolution of modern democracy.

Le professeur étudie l'évolution de la démocratie moderne.

Abstract historical/political context.

She found that studying in groups improved her critical thinking.

Elle a trouvé que l'étude en groupe améliorait sa pensée critique.

Gerund phrase as the subject of a subordinate clause.

The philosopher spent decades studying the nature of consciousness.

Le philosophe a passé des décennies à étudier la nature de la conscience.

High-level philosophical usage.

Studying the subtle shifts in political rhetoric is essential.

L'étude des changements subtils dans la rhétorique politique est essentielle.

Complex gerund phrase with sophisticated vocabulary.

They are studying the symbiotic relationship between these species.

Ils étudient la relation symbiotique entre ces espèces.

Technical scientific terminology ('symbiotic').

The report involves studying the multifaceted causes of poverty.

Le rapport implique l'étude des causes multiformes de la pauvreté.

Gerund as the object of 'involves'.

She is studying the interplay between tradition and modernity.

Elle étudie l'interaction entre tradition et modernité.

Abstract conceptual analysis.

Studying the archival records provided a new perspective on the war.

L'étude des archives a apporté une nouvelle perspective sur la guerre.

Gerund phrase as the subject of a complex sentence.

The team is studying the viability of colonizing Mars.

L'équipe étudie la viabilité de la colonisation de Mars.

Advanced scientific/speculative context.

His life's work was studying the cosmic microwave background radiation.

L'œuvre de sa vie a été d'étudier le fond diffus cosmologique.

Highly specialized scientific field.

よく使う組み合わせ

Studying hard

Studying abroad

Studying for a test

Studying law/medicine

Study habits

Study group

Intensive studying

Independent studying

Studying the data

Studying carefully

よく使うフレーズ

Finish studying

— To complete the act of learning for a period of time.

I'll call you as soon as I finish studying.

Start studying

— To begin the process of learning or reviewing.

It's time to stop playing games and start studying.

Keep studying

— To continue the effort of learning despite difficulties.

If you keep studying, you will eventually master the language.

Worth studying

— Something that is valuable or interesting enough to learn about.

The history of this ancient city is definitely worth studying.

Studying the situation

— To analyze a set of circumstances before making a decision.

The manager is studying the situation before announcing any changes.

Studying for hours

— To spend a long period of time in focused learning.

She has been studying for hours without taking a break.

Studying at night

— The act of learning during the late hours of the day.

I find that I am most productive when studying at night.

Studying in depth

— To learn about something in a very detailed and thorough way.

The course involves studying the French Revolution in depth.

Studying for a degree

— To be enrolled in a university program to earn a qualification.

He is currently studying for a degree in computer science.

Studying the menu

— To look carefully at a list of food options in a restaurant.

We spent ten minutes studying the menu before ordering.

よく混同される語

studying vs Learning

Studying is the effort you put in; learning is the knowledge you get out.

studying vs Reading

Reading can be passive; studying is always active and focused.

studying vs Working

Working is for a job; studying is for gaining knowledge.

慣用句と表現

"Hit the books"

— To start studying hard, especially for an upcoming exam.

I have a big test tomorrow, so I need to hit the books tonight.

Informal

"Burn the midnight oil"

— To stay up very late studying or working.

She's been burning the midnight oil to finish her thesis on time.

Neutral

"Crack a book"

— To open a book to study (often used negatively to show a lack of effort).

He didn't even crack a book until the night before the final.

Informal

"Learn the hard way"

— To learn something through a difficult or painful experience rather than studying.

He didn't study for the test and failed; he learned the hard way.

Neutral

"Brain drain"

— The loss of highly educated or 'studying' people from a country through emigration.

The country is suffering from a brain drain as graduates move abroad.

Neutral

"A quick study"

— Someone who is able to learn new things very quickly.

She's a quick study and mastered the new software in just one day.

Neutral

"Bookworm"

— A person who loves reading and studying.

My sister is a total bookworm; she's always studying something new.

Informal

"Pass with flying colors"

— To pass an exam with a very high score after studying hard.

After weeks of studying, she passed her driving test with flying colors.

Neutral

"Pick someone's brain"

— To ask someone who has studied a subject for their expert opinion or knowledge.

Can I pick your brain about the history project we're studying?

Informal

"The school of hard knocks"

— Learning through life's difficult experiences rather than studying in a classroom.

He didn't go to college; he got his education in the school of hard knocks.

Informal

間違えやすい

studying vs Study

It can be a noun or a verb.

As a noun, it's a room or a piece of research. As a verb, it's the action. 'Studying' is the ongoing action or the gerund form.

I am studying in my study.

studying vs Learn

Both involve getting knowledge.

You can study for hours without learning anything if you don't focus. Learning is the successful result of studying.

I am studying to learn Spanish.

studying vs Review

Both involve looking at material.

Studying is for new information; reviewing is for information you have already studied.

I studied the chapter, and now I am reviewing it.

studying vs Research

Both involve deep investigation.

Research is more formal and usually involves finding *new* information. Studying is often about absorbing *existing* information.

She is researching a new cure while studying biology.

studying vs Revise

Used differently in US and UK English.

In the UK, it means studying for a test. In the US, it means changing a piece of writing. 'Studying' is more universal.

I need to revise/study for my exam.

文型パターン

I am studying [subject].

I am studying English.

He is studying for [goal].

He is studying for a test.

She has been studying [subject] for [time].

She has been studying math for two hours.

Studying [subject] is [adjective].

Studying science is very interesting.

By studying [subject], one can [result].

By studying history, one can understand the present.

The act of studying [subject] requires [quality].

The act of studying philosophy requires deep reflection.

I finished studying [subject].

I finished studying my French words.

While studying, I [action].

While studying, I often take short breaks.

語族

名詞

Study (the act or a room)

Student (the person)

Studiousness (the quality)

動詞

Study (base form)

Studies (third person singular)

Studied (past tense)

形容詞

Studious (hard-working)

Studied (deliberate)

Unstudied (natural)

使い方

frequency

Very common in both spoken and written English, especially in academic contexts.

よくある間違い

I am learning for my exam. → I am studying for my exam.
In English, we use 'studying' to describe the action of preparing for a test. 'Learning' is the result of that action. While you hope to learn while you study, the activity itself is called studying.
She is studiing very hard. → She is studying very hard.
When adding '-ing' to 'study,' you do not change the 'y' to an 'i.' You only do that for 'studies' or 'studied.' The correct spelling always keeps the 'y' before the 'i' in 'studying.'
I am studying to medicine. → I am studying medicine.
You don't need a preposition between 'studying' and the subject you are learning. You study math, study history, or study medicine directly. 'To' is not needed here.
He spent the day to study. → He spent the day studying.
After the verb 'spend' + time, we use the gerund form (verb-ing). So, it should be 'spent the day studying' rather than using the infinitive 'to study.'
Studying are important for students. → Studying is important for students.
When a gerund like 'studying' is the subject of a sentence, it is always treated as singular. Therefore, it requires the singular verb 'is' instead of the plural 'are.'

ヒント

The Pomodoro Technique

Try studying for 25 minutes and then taking a 5-minute break. This helps keep your brain focused and prevents you from getting too tired. After four sessions, take a longer break of 15-30 minutes. It's a very popular and effective way to manage your time while studying.

Find a Quiet Space

Studying is much easier when you don't have distractions. Find a place where it's quiet and you won't be interrupted, like a library or a dedicated desk in your room. Turn off your phone or put it in another room to help you stay focused on your work.

Take Active Notes

Don't just copy what's in the book. Try to write notes in your own words. This forces your brain to process the information and helps you understand it better. You can also use drawings, diagrams, or mind maps to make your notes more visual and easier to remember.

Get Enough Sleep

Your brain needs sleep to process and store the information you've been studying. Staying up all night to study (cramming) is often less effective than getting a good night's sleep. Try to finish your studying a few hours before bed so your mind can relax.

Form a Study Group

Studying with others can be very helpful. You can explain things to each other, which is a great way to reinforce your own learning. Just make sure the group stays focused on the work and doesn't spend all the time chatting! It's a good way to stay motivated.

Set Clear Goals

Before you start studying, decide exactly what you want to achieve. Instead of saying 'I'm going to study math,' say 'I'm going to finish three practice problems.' Having small, clear goals makes the work feel less overwhelming and gives you a sense of accomplishment.

Review Regularly

Don't just study something once and forget about it. Review your notes a day later, a week later, and a month later. This 'spaced repetition' helps move the information from your short-term memory to your long-term memory, so you'll remember it for much longer.

Use Study Apps

There are many great apps that can help you with studying. Flashcard apps like Anki or Quizlet are great for memorizing words or facts. There are also apps that can block distracting websites or help you track your study time. Use technology to your advantage!

Mix It Up

Don't study the same subject for five hours straight. Your brain will get bored and lose focus. Try switching between different subjects every hour or so. This 'interleaving' can actually help you learn better and keep your mind more engaged throughout your study session.

Stay Positive

Studying can be hard, but try to keep a positive attitude. Remind yourself why you are studying and what your long-term goals are. Celebrate your progress, no matter how small. A positive mindset can make the whole process feel much easier and more rewarding.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'STUDent' who is 'YING' (like the sound of a bell) to show they are 'studying' and getting smarter.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bright yellow lightbulb glowing over a person's head while they are surrounded by open books.

Word Web

Books Library Exams Focus Knowledge Practice Notes Learning

チャレンジ

Try to use 'studying' in three different sentences today: one about a school subject, one about a hobby, and one about a life skill.

語源

The word 'studying' comes from the Old French word 'estudie,' which in turn comes from the Latin 'studium.'

元の意味： In Latin, 'studium' meant 'eagerness,' 'zeal,' 'devotion,' or 'painstaking application.'

It belongs to the Indo-European family, specifically the Italic branch through Latin.

文化的な背景

Be aware that 'studying' can be a source of significant stress for many people, especially during exam seasons.

In the US and UK, 'studying' is often synonymous with preparing for standardized tests like the SAT or GCSEs.

The character Hermione Granger from Harry Potter is a famous example of someone who loves studying. The 'Lofi Girl' on YouTube is a modern cultural icon of someone studying. Abraham Lincoln is often cited as a self-taught man who spent his nights studying by candlelight.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Education

Studying for finals
Study habits
Study group
Studying abroad

Science

Studying the data
Studying the effects
Studying the population
Field studying

Hobbies

Studying a language
Studying an instrument
Studying the rules
Self-studying

Professional

Studying the market
Studying the competition
Studying the contract
Studying the law

Observation

Studying her face
Studying the map
Studying the menu
Studying the clouds

会話のきっかけ

"What subjects do you enjoy studying the most in your free time?"

"Do you prefer studying alone in a quiet room or with a group of friends?"

"What are some of the best study habits you have developed over the years?"

"Have you ever thought about studying abroad in a different country?"

"How do you stay focused when you have to spend many hours studying?"

日記のテーマ

Describe a time when studying something difficult finally paid off for you.

If you could spend a whole year studying any topic in the world, what would it be and why?

Reflect on how your approach to studying has changed since you were a child.

Write about the perfect environment for studying and what it would look like.

Discuss the difference between studying for a grade and studying for personal growth.

よくある質問

10 問

Studying is the process of trying to gain knowledge, while learning is the actual acquisition of that knowledge. You can study for hours, but if you don't understand or remember the material, you haven't learned it. Think of studying as the 'work' and learning as the 'reward.' For example, 'I spent all night studying, but I only learned a few new words.'

It can be both! As a present participle verb, it shows an ongoing action: 'I am studying.' As a gerund (a verb acting as a noun), it can be the subject or object of a sentence: 'Studying is hard' or 'I like studying.' This versatility makes it a very useful word in English grammar.

The correct spelling is S-T-U-D-Y-I-N-G. A common mistake is to change the 'y' to an 'i,' but you only do that for 'studies' or 'studied.' When you add '-ing,' you keep the 'y.' Remember: study + ing = studying. It's one of the few words where 'y' and 'i' are right next to each other.

No, that is incorrect. You should say 'studying FOR an exam.' The preposition 'for' indicates the purpose or goal of your studying. For example, 'I am studying for my history test tomorrow.' Using 'to' in this context sounds unnatural to native speakers.

It means going to a different country to attend a school or university for a period of time. It's a very common phrase. For example, 'She is studying abroad in Japan next year.' It's often seen as a great way to learn a new language and experience a different culture while getting an education.

A study group is a small group of students who meet regularly to study a subject together. They help each other understand difficult concepts, quiz each other, and share notes. It's a popular way to make studying more social and effective. For example, 'Our study group meets every Tuesday at the library.'

It's an informal idiom that means to start studying hard. You usually use it when you have a lot of work to do or an important test coming up. For example, 'I have a final exam tomorrow, so I really need to hit the books tonight.' It's a very common expression among students.

Not exactly. Reading is just one part of studying. Studying is more active and involves things like taking notes, practicing problems, and trying to memorize information. You can read a novel for fun, but you wouldn't say you are 'studying' it unless you are analyzing it for a class.

Effective studying usually involves active engagement. Instead of just reading, try summarizing what you've learned in your own words, teaching it to someone else, or using flashcards. It's also helpful to study in a quiet place and take regular breaks to keep your mind fresh. Consistency is key!

Yes! You can study anything you want to learn more about. You can study a hobby like photography, study a new language on your own, or even study a person's behavior. It just means you are giving your focused attention to something to understand it better. For example, 'He is studying the art of chess.'

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