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B1 noun #8,000 よく出る 10分で読める

hematoma

上位8,000

練習する例文メモとヒント hematoma 30秒で

解説 hematoma in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize 'hematoma' as a word for a bruise. Even though it is a long word, it is very similar to the English word 'hematoma'. You should learn that it is masculine (el hematoma) and that the 'h' is silent. You can use it in very simple sentences like 'Tengo un hematoma' (I have a bruise) or 'El hematoma es rojo' (The bruise is red). At this stage, focus on the fact that Spanish uses this word more often than English does in semi-formal situations. It is a good word to know if you need to explain an injury to a teacher or a colleague. Remember, don't pronounce the 'h'! It should sound like 'eh-ma-to-ma'. If you find 'hematoma' too difficult, you can also learn 'moretón', but 'hematoma' is universal and will be understood by everyone. You will mostly see this word in basic health contexts or when someone is describing why they are in pain. Since A1 learners focus on basic body parts, you can practice by saying 'hematoma en el brazo' or 'hematoma en la pierna'. This helps you combine your knowledge of body parts with a descriptive noun. Always remember to use 'un' or 'el' because, despite the '-a' ending, it is a masculine word. This is one of the first 'rule-breaker' words you will encounter regarding gender, so it is excellent practice for your grammar foundation.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'hematoma' with more descriptive adjectives and in the past tense. You might say 'Tuve un hematoma después de la caída' (I had a bruise after the fall). You should be able to describe the color and size of the hematoma using basic vocabulary like 'grande', 'pequeño', 'morado', or 'azul'. A2 learners should also understand the difference between 'hematoma' and 'golpe' (a hit/blow). For example, 'Me di un golpe y ahora tengo un hematoma' (I hit myself and now I have a bruise). You can also use it with the verb 'doler' (to hurt): 'Me duele el hematoma' (The bruise hurts me). At this level, you are beginning to form more complex thoughts about daily life and health. Knowing 'hematoma' allows you to participate in conversations about sports injuries or minor accidents. You should also be aware that in Spain, people might use 'moratón', but they will always understand 'hematoma'. In Latin America, you will hear 'moretón'. By learning 'hematoma', you have a formal alternative that works everywhere. Practice using it with possessive adjectives too: 'Mi hematoma', 'Su hematoma'. This reinforces the masculine gender of the word. You might also encounter it in simple reading passages about athletes or health tips. If you see 'el hematoma se quita con hielo' (the bruise goes away with ice), you are seeing a common A2-level practical instruction.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'hematoma' with more precision and in varied contexts. You should understand that 'hematoma' is the formal term for a bruise and is preferred in medical, professional, or serious discussions. You can use it with verbs like 'presentar', 'notar', or 'aparecer'. For example, 'El paciente presenta un hematoma extenso en el torso'. You should also be able to discuss the causes and treatments in more detail. You might explain, 'Para reducir el hematoma, es necesario aplicar una compresa fría' (To reduce the bruise, it is necessary to apply a cold compress). B1 learners should also be comfortable with the masculine gender of the word and not be confused by its '-a' ending. You can start using it in the context of sports injuries, describing how a 'hematoma intramuscular' might prevent an athlete from competing. This level requires you to handle more abstract descriptions, such as 'la evolución del hematoma' (the evolution of the bruise). You should also be able to distinguish 'hematoma' from 'herida' (a wound with broken skin). A hematoma is closed, while a herida is open. Understanding this distinction is crucial for B1 level health-related communication. You might also hear this word in news reports about minor accidents or in pharmacy consultations. When you ask a pharmacist for advice, using 'hematoma' instead of 'moretón' shows a higher level of language proficiency and seriousness. It is also a great time to learn about other Greek-origin masculine words like 'síntoma' or 'trauma', as they follow the same grammatical pattern.

At the B2 level, 'hematoma' becomes a tool for detailed description and professional communication. You should be able to use it in complex sentences with relative clauses, such as 'El hematoma, que inicialmente era pequeño, ha crecido considerablemente en las últimas horas'. You should also understand more technical terms associated with it, like 'reabsorción' (reabsorption) or 'drenaje' (drainage). At this level, you might discuss medical procedures: 'El cirujano decidió drenar el hematoma para evitar complicaciones'. You should also be able to use 'hematoma' in a figurative or literary sense, though it is less common than in English. B2 learners are expected to know the regional variations ('moratón' vs 'moretón') but use 'hematoma' as their standard for formal writing. You can also discuss the physiological process: 'Un hematoma se produce cuando los capilares se rompen y la sangre se acumula bajo la piel'. This requires a good command of passive voice and technical verbs. In legal or journalistic contexts, you might see 'hematomas múltiples' or 'hematomas compatibles con una agresión', and you should be able to interpret these nuances. Your ability to use 'hematoma' correctly in both speech and writing will demonstrate your grasp of Spanish registers—knowing when to be clinical and when to be casual. You should also be able to provide advice on how to treat a hematoma using the imperative or subjunctive: 'Espero que el hematoma se cure pronto' or 'No toque el hematoma si le duele mucho'.

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At the C1 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'hematoma' and its place within the medical and forensic lexicon. You should be familiar with specific types of hematomas, such as 'hematoma epidural', 'hematoma subdural', or 'hematoma retroperitoneal', and understand their implications in a medical narrative. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'equimosis', 'sugilación', and 'petequia', allowing you to distinguish between different types of skin discolorations based on size and cause. In a C1 level discussion, you might analyze the legal implications of a medical report: 'La presencia de hematomas en distintas etapas de curación sugiere un patrón de abuso prolongado'. This requires high-level synthesis of vocabulary and grammar. You should also be able to use the word in academic or scientific writing, following the conventions of medical Spanish. Your pronunciation should be flawless, with a perfectly silent 'h' and correct stress on the penultimate syllable. At this level, you can also explore the etymology of the word more deeply, connecting it to other 'hema-' words like 'hemorragia', 'hemoglobina', or 'hemostasia'. You should be able to explain the Greek roots to others, reinforcing your role as an advanced speaker. You might also encounter 'hematoma' in high-level literature where physical trauma is described with clinical detachment to achieve a specific stylistic effect. Your command of the word should be so natural that you never hesitate over its gender or its spelling, even in fast-paced professional environments.

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At the C2 level, 'hematoma' is a word you use with total mastery, often in highly specialized or academic contexts. You can engage in deep discussions about pathology, surgery, or forensic medicine where 'hematoma' is a key term. You understand the subtle differences in meaning when 'hematoma' is used in different Spanish-speaking countries' legal systems. For example, how a 'hematoma' is documented in a 'parte de lesiones' (injury report) in Spain versus a 'dictamen médico' in Mexico. You can effortlessly switch between registers, using 'hematoma' in a scientific paper and 'moratón' or a regional slang term in a casual setting without any confusion. You might also use the word in philosophical or metaphorical contexts, discussing the 'hematomas' of history or society—the deep-seated scars and 'clotted' issues that remain after a conflict. Your understanding of the word includes its historical evolution in the Spanish language and its relationship to other medical terms from the Renaissance period. You should be able to critique medical translations or serve as an interpreter in complex medical situations where the distinction between a 'hematoma' and an 'edema' is vital. At this level, you don't just know the word; you know its weight, its history, and its precise placement in the vast tapestry of the Spanish language. You can also identify and correct the most subtle misuses of the word by others, including native speakers who might confuse it with similar-sounding medical terms.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

hematoma 30秒で

Hematoma is a masculine noun (el hematoma) used formally to describe a bruise or a collection of clotted blood within body tissues.
It is a cognate of the English word 'hematoma' and is widely used in medical, sports, and professional Spanish contexts everywhere.
The word is often confused with 'moretón' or 'moratón', which are more colloquial terms used in Latin America and Spain respectively.
Commonly associated with trauma, it follows a distinct color healing process from red and purple to green and yellow as blood reabsorbs.

The term hematoma is a masculine noun in Spanish that refers to a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, typically caused by trauma or injury. While English speakers often use the generic word 'bruise' for any skin discoloration, Spanish speakers use 'hematoma' when they want to be more precise, clinical, or descriptive of a significant swelling. It is fundamentally different from a simple 'moretón' (colloquial bruise) because it implies a literal accumulation of clotted blood that forms a physical mass or 'tumor' of blood.

Clinical Context: In medical environments, doctors use this word to describe internal bleeding. For example, a 'hematoma subdural' is a serious condition in the brain. It is never replaced by 'moretón' in these serious contexts.

El jugador de fútbol tuvo que abandonar el campo debido a un fuerte hematoma en el muslo derecho que le impedía correr.

Linguistically, 'hematoma' belongs to a specific group of Spanish nouns that end in '-a' but are masculine. This is because they originate from Greek. Just like 'el problema' or 'el sistema,' you must always say 'el hematoma.' Using the feminine article 'la' is a common mistake for English learners who associate the '-a' ending with femininity.

Evolution of Color: A hematoma changes colors as it heals. It starts 'rojo' (red), turns 'morado' (purple) or 'negruzco' (blackish), then 'verde' (green), and finally 'amarillento' (yellowish) as the body reabsorbs the blood.

Después de la cirugía, es normal que aparezca un hematoma alrededor de la incisión.

In everyday Spanish, you will hear this word in news reports about accidents, in sports commentary, or when discussing health with friends. It sounds slightly more sophisticated than 'cardenal' or 'moretón,' making it ideal for professional writing or formal speech.

Usage in First Aid: When describing an injury to an emergency dispatcher, using 'hematoma' helps them understand there might be internal pressure or a significant impact involved.

Aplique hielo sobre el hematoma para reducir la inflamación de inmediato.

El médico examinó el hematoma para descartar una fractura ósea subyacente.

No te preocupes, el hematoma desaparecerá en un par de semanas por sí solo.

Using hematoma correctly requires paying attention to gender agreement and verbal collocations. Because it is a masculine noun, adjectives must end in '-o' (e.g., 'hematoma pequeño,' 'hematoma interno'). The word is often paired with verbs like 'presentar' (to present), 'tener' (to have), 'aparecer' (to appear), or 'reducir' (to reduce). In this section, we will look at how to construct sentences that sound natural to native ears.

The Verb 'Presentar': This is a formal way to say someone has a bruise. 'El paciente presenta un hematoma en la zona abdominal.' This is the standard phrasing in medical reports.

Si el hematoma cambia de color rápidamente, es una buena señal de recuperación.

When describing the cause, we use the preposition 'por' or 'debido a.' For example: 'Tiene un hematoma por el golpe contra la mesa.' This clarifies the origin of the injury. If you want to describe the location, use 'en' followed by the body part: 'un hematoma en el brazo,' 'un hematoma en el ojo.'

Using Adjectives: Common adjectives include: 'extenso' (extensive), 'doloroso' (painful), 'superficial' (superficial), and 'profundo' (deep). These provide vital details about the severity of the bruise.

La caída le provocó un hematoma bastante doloroso en la rodilla.

In plural form, it becomes 'hematomas.' 'Sus piernas estaban llenas de hematomas tras la excursión por el bosque.' This highlights multiple points of impact. You can also use the diminutive 'hematomita' if you are talking to a child, though it is rare; 'moretoncito' is much more common for children.

Verbs of Action: To describe the healing process, use 'reabsorberse' (to be reabsorbed) or 'desaparecer' (to disappear). 'El hematoma se reabsorbió en diez días.'

Es importante vigilar que el hematoma no aumente de tamaño de forma repentina.

¿Cómo te hiciste ese hematoma tan grande en el brazo?

El cirujano drenó el hematoma para aliviar la presión sobre el nervio.

You will encounter the word hematoma in various settings across the Spanish-speaking world, ranging from the sterile environment of a hospital to the high-energy atmosphere of a sports broadcast. Understanding these contexts helps you decide when to use 'hematoma' instead of its more casual synonyms like 'moretón' or 'moratón'.

In the Pharmacy (La Farmacia): If you go to a pharmacy seeking a cream for a bruise, the pharmacist will likely use 'hematoma'. They might say, 'Esta pomada es muy buena para disolver el hematoma rápidamente'. It sounds professional and reassures the customer.

El farmacéutico me recomendó una crema de árnica para el hematoma.

In the world of sports, commentators use 'hematoma' to describe injuries that might keep a player out of a game. When a player takes a hard hit from a ball or a collision with another player, the medical report read on air will often mention a 'hematoma intramuscular'. This sounds much more official than saying the player just has a 'moretón'.

In News and Crime Reports: Journalists use 'hematoma' when reporting on accidents or legal cases involving physical altercations. 'La víctima presentaba múltiples hematomas en el rostro' is a common phrase in police reports and news segments.

El informe forense detalló la presencia de un hematoma craneal severo.

In daily conversations between adults, 'hematoma' is used when the injury is viewed with concern. If a friend sees a large bruise on your arm, they might ask, '¿Qué te pasó? Tienes un hematoma enorme'. Using 'hematoma' here reflects their concern and the size of the mark. If it were a small, insignificant mark, they would more likely say 'moretón'.

In Medical Dramas and TV: Spanish-language medical shows like 'Hospital Central' or 'Centro Médico' use this word constantly. It is part of the essential vocabulary for following the plot of any health-related series.

Necesitamos una tomografía para ver si hay un hematoma interno.

El boxeador terminó la pelea con un hematoma que le cerraba el ojo izquierdo.

Apareció un hematoma espontáneo sin que hubiera un golpe previo.

Even though hematoma is a cognate (it looks like the English word), there are several pitfalls that English speakers frequently fall into when using it in Spanish. Avoiding these will make your Spanish sound much more authentic and professional.

Gender Confusion: The most common mistake is saying 'la hematoma'. Because it ends in 'a', learners assume it is feminine. However, 'hematoma' is masculine: 'el hematoma'. This is true for many Spanish words of Greek origin ending in '-ma'.

Incorrecto: Tengo una hematoma muy feo. Correcto: Tengo un hematoma muy feo.

Another frequent error is the pronunciation of the 'h'. In English, 'hematoma' starts with a clear aspirated 'h' sound. In Spanish, the 'h' is completely silent. If you pronounce the 'h', you are essentially saying 'jematoma', which is incorrect. It should sound like 'e-ma-to-ma'.

Overusing the Word: While 'hematoma' is correct, using it for a tiny, insignificant bruise in a casual conversation can sound overly dramatic or 'medical'. In casual settings with friends, 'moretón' or 'moratón' is often more appropriate.

Si solo es una manchita, di 'tengo un moretón'; si está hinchado, di 'tengo un hematoma'.

Confusion with 'moratón' and 'moretón' is also common. Remember that 'moretón' is the preferred term in Latin America, while 'moratón' is the standard in Spain. 'Hematoma' is the safe, universal choice if you are unsure of the regional preference, as it is understood everywhere.

Pluralization: Some learners try to pluralize it as 'hematomata' (following Greek pluralization patterns). In Spanish, it is simply 'hematomas'.

El paciente tenía varios hematomas por todo el cuerpo tras el accidente.

Es un error común decir 'la hematoma' solo porque la palabra termina en la letra 'a'.

No confundas el hematoma (sangre acumulada) con una simple rozadura (herida superficial).

Spanish has several words to describe the marks left by a blow or injury. Choosing the right one depends on the context, the severity, and the region you are in. Here is a comparison of hematoma with its closest relatives.

Hematoma vs. Moretón: 'Hematoma' is clinical and formal. 'Moretón' is the everyday word used in Latin America. If you bump your elbow on a desk, you have a 'moretón'. If you have a serious internal injury, you have a 'hematoma'.

En México dicen moretón, pero el informe médico dirá hematoma.

Hematoma vs. Moratón: 'Moratón' is the equivalent of 'moretón' but is used primarily in Spain. It comes from the word 'morado' (purple). Like 'moretón', it is more casual than 'hematoma'.

Hematoma vs. Cardenal: 'Cardenal' is another synonym for bruise, often used in Spain. It is slightly more literary or old-fashioned than 'moratón'. It refers to the purple color of a cardinal's robes.

Mi abuela siempre decía que tenía un cardenal cuando se golpeaba sin querer.

Hematoma vs. Chichón: A 'chichón' is specifically a bump on the head. While a chichón usually contains a hematoma, the word 'chichón' emphasizes the physical protrusion rather than the blood accumulation.

El niño se dio un golpe y le salió un chichón enorme en la frente.

El médico diagnosticó una equimosis periorbitaria, conocida comúnmente como ojo morado.

Para un informe policial, es mejor usar hematoma que moretón.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The suffix '-oma' is usually associated with tumors (like carcinoma), but in 'hematoma' it simply refers to the physical swelling of the blood mass.

発音ガイド

UK /ˌhiː.məˈtəʊ.mə/

US /ˌhiː.məˈtoʊ.mə/

The stress in Spanish is on the penultimate syllable: e-ma-TO-ma.

韻が合う語

idioma diploma paloma aroma síntoma asoma toma coma

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'h' (it must be silent).
Stressing the first syllable like in English.
Using an English 't' sound instead of the softer Spanish 't'.
Pronouncing the 'a' as a schwa (it should be a clear 'ah').
Doubling the 'm' in writing (it is always a single 'm').

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize due to English cognate.

ライティング 4/5

Commonly misspelled with double 'm' or wrong gender.

スピーキング 5/5

The silent 'h' and Greek gender rule are tricky for beginners.

リスニング 3/5

Easy to hear, but sounds like 'ematoma'.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

sangre golpe piel cuerpo dolor

次に学ぶ

hemorragia fractura inflamación esguince cicatriz

上級

equimosis coagulación traumatismo edema isquemia

知っておくべき文法

Masculine nouns ending in -ma (Greek origin)

el hematoma, el problema, el sistema

Silent H in Spanish

hematoma (ematoma), huevo (uevo), hablar (ablar)

Adjective agreement with masculine nouns

hematoma oscuro, hematoma extenso

Preposition 'por' for cause

hematoma por un golpe

Reflexive verbs for bodily changes

se me hizo un hematoma

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レベル別の例文

Tengo un hematoma en el brazo.

I have a bruise on my arm.

Note the masculine 'un' before 'hematoma'.

El hematoma es morado.

The bruise is purple.

Adjective 'morado' agrees with masculine 'hematoma'.

¿Tienes un hematoma?

Do you have a bruise?

Standard question structure.

Es un hematoma pequeño.

It is a small bruise.

Adjective placement after the noun.

No me gusta el hematoma.

I don't like the bruise.

Use of 'el' for the definite article.

El hematoma no duele.

The bruise does not hurt.

Negative sentence structure.

Mira mi hematoma.

Look at my bruise.

Imperative 'mira' with possessive 'mi'.

Hay un hematoma aquí.

There is a bruise here.

Use of 'hay' for existence.

Me salió un hematoma por el golpe.

I got a bruise from the hit.

Use of 'por' to indicate cause.

El hematoma está desapareciendo poco a poco.

The bruise is disappearing little by little.

Present continuous tense.

Ayer tuve un hematoma muy grande.

Yesterday I had a very large bruise.

Preterite tense 'tuve'.

Necesito una crema para el hematoma.

I need a cream for the bruise.

Prepositional phrase 'para el hematoma'.

El hematoma cambió de color hoy.

The bruise changed color today.

Verb 'cambiar' in preterite.

No toques el hematoma porque duele.

Don't touch the bruise because it hurts.

Negative imperative 'no toques'.

Su hematoma es azul y rojo.

His/her bruise is blue and red.

Possessive 'su' and multiple adjectives.

Vi un hematoma en su pierna.

I saw a bruise on his/her leg.

Preterite 'vi' with direct object.

El médico examinó el hematoma para descartar algo grave.

The doctor examined the bruise to rule out something serious.

Infinitive 'descartar' after 'para'.

Si el hematoma no mejora, vuelve a la clínica.

If the bruise doesn't improve, come back to the clinic.

First conditional 'si' clause.

Es normal presentar un hematoma después de la operación.

It is normal to present a bruise after the operation.

Impersonal 'es normal' + infinitive.

El hematoma se produjo por una rotura de capilares.

The bruise was caused by a rupture of capillaries.

Passive reflexive 'se produjo'.

Me preocupa este hematoma porque no se quita.

This bruise worries me because it's not going away.

Verb 'preocupar' with indirect object 'me'.

Apliqué hielo para que el hematoma no creciera.

I applied ice so that the bruise wouldn't grow.

Subjunctive 'creciera' after 'para que'.

El hematoma cubría casi todo su brazo derecho.

The bruise covered almost all of his right arm.

Imperfect tense 'cubría'.

¿Es este hematoma interno o superficial?

Is this bruise internal or superficial?

Use of specific medical adjectives.

El hematoma subdural requiere atención médica inmediata.

The subdural hematoma requires immediate medical attention.

Technical medical terminology.

A pesar del hematoma, el atleta decidió seguir compitiendo.

Despite the bruise, the athlete decided to keep competing.

Concessive phrase 'a pesar del'.

La inflamación ha disminuido, pero el hematoma persiste.

The swelling has decreased, but the bruise persists.

Present perfect 'ha disminuido'.

El forense encontró hematomas que indicaban una lucha.

The forensic expert found bruises that indicated a struggle.

Relative clause 'que indicaban'.

Se le formó un hematoma enorme en cuestión de minutos.

A huge bruise formed on him in a matter of minutes.

Dative of interest 'se le formó'.

Dudaba que el hematoma fuera a desaparecer tan rápido.

I doubted that the bruise was going to disappear so fast.

Imperfect subjunctive 'fuera' after 'dudaba que'.

El tratamiento consiste en masajear el hematoma suavemente.

The treatment consists of massaging the bruise gently.

Verb 'consistir en' + infinitive.

Cualquier hematoma sin causa aparente debe ser revisado.

Any bruise without an apparent cause should be checked.

Passive voice 'debe ser revisado'.

La reabsorción del hematoma puede tardar varias semanas.

The reabsorption of the hematoma can take several weeks.

Nominalization 'reabsorción'.

Se observó un hematoma retroperitoneal tras el traumatismo.

A retroperitoneal hematoma was observed after the trauma.

Passive 'se observó' with medical jargon.

La pomada favorece la dispersión de la sangre en el hematoma.

The ointment promotes the dispersion of blood in the bruise.

Precise verb 'favorece'.

El hematoma presentaba una coloración amarillenta periférica.

The bruise showed a yellowish peripheral coloration.

Technical description of color.

Es imperativo drenar el hematoma para evitar una necrosis.

It is imperative to drain the bruise to prevent necrosis.

Advanced impersonal structure 'es imperativo'.

El paciente refirió dolor punzante en la zona del hematoma.

The patient reported a sharp pain in the area of the bruise.

Formal medical verb 'referir'.

No había evidencia de hematomas craneales en la radiografía.

There was no evidence of cranial bruises on the X-ray.

Negative existential 'no había'.

La víctima mostraba hematomas en distintos estadios evolutivos.

The victim showed bruises in different evolutionary stages.

Complex noun phrase 'estadios evolutivos'.

La patogenia del hematoma implica una extravasación hemática.

The pathogenesis of the hematoma involves a blood extravasation.

Highly technical academic Spanish.

El hematoma se encapsuló, requiriendo una intervención quirúrgica.

The hematoma became encapsulated, requiring surgical intervention.

Gerund 'requiriendo' used as a consequence.

Resulta harto difícil ignorar el hematoma que marca su historial.

It is quite difficult to ignore the bruise that marks his history.

Adverb 'harto' used for emphasis.

La semiología del hematoma es clave para el diagnóstico forense.

The semiology of the hematoma is key for forensic diagnosis.

Technical term 'semiología'.

Aquel hematoma era el mudo testigo de una noche fatídica.

That bruise was the silent witness of a fateful night.

Literary personification.

Se procedió a la evacuación del hematoma mediante aspiración.

They proceeded to evacuate the hematoma by means of aspiration.

Formal 'se procedió a' construction.

El hematoma subungueal provocó la caída eventual de la uña.

The subungual hematoma caused the eventual loss of the nail.

Anatomical precision 'subungueal'.

La cronicidad del hematoma sugiere una patología subyacente.

The chronicity of the hematoma suggests an underlying pathology.

Abstract noun 'cronicidad'.

よく使う組み合わせ

hematoma interno

hematoma subdural

presentar un hematoma

reabsorber el hematoma

hematoma doloroso

drenar un hematoma

hematoma craneal

hematoma espontáneo

reducir el hematoma

hematoma intramuscular

よく使うフレーズ

Tengo un hematoma.

— Simple statement of having a bruise.

Tengo un hematoma por la caída de ayer.

Se me hizo un hematoma.

— Describing the formation of a bruise on oneself.

Se me hizo un hematoma enorme en la rodilla.

Vigilar el hematoma.

— To keep an eye on the bruise for changes.

Debes vigilar el hematoma por si cambia de color.

Disolver el hematoma.

— To make the bruise go away (often with cream).

Esta crema ayuda a disolver el hematoma.

Hematoma de colores.

— Referring to the various shades of a healing bruise.

Ya tiene un hematoma de colores, está sanando.

Un hematoma de cuidado.

— A bruise that looks serious or concerning.

Ese es un hematoma de cuidado, ve al médico.

Lleno de hematomas.

— Covered in bruises.

El boxeador salió del ring lleno de hematomas.

Hematoma por impacto.

— A bruise caused specifically by a collision.

Es un hematoma por impacto directo.

Tratar el hematoma.

— To apply medical treatment to a bruise.

Vamos a tratar el hematoma con antiinflamatorios.

Hematoma visible.

— A bruise that can be seen on the surface.

No tiene ningún hematoma visible en la cara.

よく混同される語

hematoma vs hemangioma

A benign tumor made of blood vessels, not a bruise.

hematoma vs hematemesis

Vomiting blood, unrelated to skin bruises.

hematoma vs hemotórax

Blood in the pleural cavity, much more severe than a simple hematoma.

慣用句と表現

"Estar hecho un hematoma"

— To be very bruised all over or to feel physically beaten.

Después de la mudanza, estoy hecho un hematoma.

informal

"Dejar un hematoma en el alma"

— Metaphorical: To cause deep emotional pain that leaves a mark.

Su traición me dejó un hematoma en el alma.

literary

"Hematoma social"

— Metaphorical: A lingering societal issue or scar from past trauma.

La guerra dejó un hematoma social difícil de borrar.

academic/metaphorical

"Más morado que un hematoma"

— Used to describe something very purple or someone very cold.

Tiene la cara más morada que un hematoma por el frío.

informal

"Curar los hematomas"

— To heal physical or emotional wounds.

El tiempo ayudará a curar los hematomas de la derrota.

figurative

"Guardar el hematoma"

— To hide an injury or a mistake.

Intentó guardar el hematoma bajo la manga larga.

neutral

"Hematoma de guerra"

— A bruise gotten during a significant struggle or sport.

Este hematoma de guerra es del partido de ayer.

informal

"Sangre de hematoma"

— Describing someone who is cold or thick-skinned (rare).

Parece que tiene sangre de hematoma, nada le afecta.

slang

"Borrar el hematoma"

— To remove the trace of a blow or an error.

No es fácil borrar el hematoma de una mala reputación.

figurative

"Nacer con un hematoma"

— To be born into a difficult situation (rare/regional).

Ese niño parece que nació con un hematoma.

colloquial

間違えやすい

hematoma vs moretón

Both mean bruise.

Moretón is colloquial and regional (LatAm); hematoma is formal and universal.

Mi hijo tiene un moretón; el paciente tiene un hematoma.

hematoma vs moratón

Both mean bruise.

Moratón is colloquial and regional (Spain); hematoma is clinical.

Me salió un moratón; el cirujano revisó el hematoma.

hematoma vs herida

Both are injuries.

Herida involves broken skin (bleeding out); hematoma is under the skin (bleeding in).

Limpia la herida; pon hielo en el hematoma.

hematoma vs cicatriz

Both are skin marks.

Cicatriz is permanent skin repair; hematoma is temporary blood accumulation.

La cicatriz es vieja; el hematoma es nuevo.

hematoma vs edema

Both involve swelling.

Edema is fluid (water) accumulation; hematoma is blood accumulation.

El edema es por retención de líquidos; el hematoma es por un golpe.

文型パターン

Tengo un hematoma en [body part].

Tengo un hematoma en la mano.

El hematoma es de color [color].

El hematoma es de color morado.

Me salió un hematoma debido a [cause].

Me salió un hematoma debido a la caída.

Vigila que el hematoma no [verb].

Vigila que el hematoma no crezca.

A pesar del hematoma, [action].

A pesar del hematoma, siguió caminando.

Se le formó un hematoma [adjective].

Se le formó un hematoma impresionante.

El informe revela un hematoma [medical term].

El informe revela un hematoma subdural.

La presencia del hematoma es indicativa de [condition].

La presencia del hematoma es indicativa de una hemorragia interna.

語族

名詞

hematoma

hematología

hematocrito

hematíes

動詞

hematomatizar (rare)

hematosarse (archaic)

形容詞

hematomatoso

hemático

hematológico

使い方

frequency

High in medical and sports contexts; medium in daily life.

よくある間違い

La hematoma → El hematoma
Greek-origin words ending in -ma are masculine. This is a very frequent error.
Pronouncing the 'H' → Ematoma
The 'H' is always silent in Spanish. Pronouncing it sounds like 'J' or 'H' in English.
Hemmatoma → Hematoma
Spanish does not use double 'm'.
Using 'hematoma' for a cut → Herida
A hematoma is closed; a herida is open. Don't confuse the two.
Hematomata → Hematomas
The plural follows standard Spanish rules, not Greek ones.

ヒント

Gender Rule

Group 'hematoma' with 'problema', 'sistema', and 'idioma' in your mind. All are masculine words ending in -ma.

The Silent H

Practice saying 'el hematoma' as one word: 'ele-ma-to-ma'. This helps you remember the silent H.

Regional Choice

If you are in Mexico, use 'moretón'. If you are in Madrid, use 'moratón'. If you are in a hospital, always use 'hematoma'.

Be Precise

Use 'hematoma' if there is a bump or swelling. Use 'moretón' if it's just a flat purple mark.

Single M

Remember: Spanish hates double consonants except for CC, RR, LL, and NN. 'Hematoma' only has one 'm'.

First Aid

When reporting an injury, specify the location: 'hematoma en la sien' (bruise on the temple) is more helpful than just 'un golpe'.

Cognate Advantage

Use this word to boost your confidence! You already know what it means, you just need to fix the gender and pronunciation.

Social Interaction

Don't be surprised if people ask about your hematoma. In Spanish culture, it's polite to acknowledge visible injuries.

Formal Reports

In any formal writing, like an insurance claim or a school note, always prefer 'hematoma' over 'moretón'.

The Tomato Trick

A 'Hematoma' is a 'Hema-Tomato'. It's red/purple and round like a tomato. And it's 'EL' (masculine) because tomatoes are 'el tomate'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of an 'EMma' who 'TOok' a 'MAp' and hit her arm. E-MA-TO-MA. Remember: the H is silent like Emma's name!

視覚的連想

Imagine a purple tomato (to-ma-te) under your skin. A 'HEMA-TOMA' is like a blood-filled tomato.

Word Web

sangre golpe morado médico inflamación hielo piel dolor

チャレンジ

Write three sentences describing a sports injury using the word 'hematoma' and at least two different colors.

語源

From the Ancient Greek 'haimatōma' (αἱμάτωμα), meaning 'a mass of blood'. It combines 'haima' (blood) and the suffix '-oma' (swelling or tumor).

元の意味： A swelling filled with blood.

Indo-European (via Greek and Latin).

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing hematomas on others, as they can sometimes imply physical violence. Use neutral medical language if the cause is unknown.

English speakers use 'bruise' for almost everything, whereas Spanish speakers switch to 'hematoma' much faster in professional settings.

Used in the Spanish dubbing of 'Grey's Anatomy' (Anatomía de Grey). Mentioned in sports reports for players like Lionel Messi or Rafael Nadal. A common term in forensic novels by authors like Alicia Giménez Bartlett.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Doctor

Me duele este hematoma.
¿Es normal este hematoma?
El hematoma no baja.
¿Cómo trato el hematoma?

Sports Practice

Tengo un hematoma en el muslo.
No puedo jugar por el hematoma.
Necesito hielo para el hematoma.
El hematoma es del golpe de ayer.

At the Pharmacy

Busco crema para un hematoma.
¿Qué es bueno para los hematomas?
Tengo un hematoma muy oscuro.
Deme algo para el dolor del hematoma.

Police/Legal Report

Presentaba hematomas múltiples.
Hematoma en el ojo izquierdo.
Causa del hematoma: impacto.
Evolución del hematoma.

Home/Family

¡Qué hematoma tienes!
Ponte hielo en el hematoma.
Ese hematoma se ve feo.
Ya se te está quitando el hematoma.

会話のきっかけ

"¿Alguna vez has tenido un hematoma que duró mucho tiempo?"

"¿Qué remedios caseros usas para curar un hematoma rápido?"

"¿Te preocupas cuando te sale un hematoma sin saber por qué?"

"¿Crees que 'hematoma' suena más serio que 'moretón'?"

"¿Cómo le describirías un hematoma a un médico en español?"

日記のテーマ

Describe la última vez que te hiciste un hematoma. ¿Cómo pasó y cuánto tiempo tardó en sanar?

Escribe un diálogo entre un farmacéutico y un cliente que tiene un hematoma doloroso.

Imagina que eres un médico deportivo. Escribe un informe sobre el hematoma de un jugador famoso.

¿Por qué crees que es importante usar términos médicos como 'hematoma' en lugar de palabras coloquiales?

Relata una historia corta donde un hematoma sea una pista clave en un misterio.

よくある質問

10 問

Es masculino: el hematoma. Aunque termine en 'a', su origen griego dicta que se use el artículo masculino. Nunca digas 'la hematoma'.

Hematoma es el término médico y formal. Moretón es la palabra que usamos con amigos o familia, especialmente en América Latina. En España se usa moratón.

La 'h' es muda. Se pronuncia exactamente igual que si empezara por 'e': e-ma-to-ma. Pronunciar la 'h' es un error común de los angloparlantes.

Cambia de color porque el cuerpo descompone la hemoglobina de la sangre atrapada. Pasa de rojo/morado a verde y luego a amarillo antes de desaparecer.

Debes preocuparte si el hematoma es muy grande, si aparece sin motivo (espontáneo), si duele excesivamente o si no cambia de color después de varios días.

No, en español el plural es simplemente 'hematomas'. La forma 'hematomata' no existe en el idioma español estándar.

Sí, es un término biológico. Puedes decir que tu perro tiene un hematoma en la oreja si se dio un golpe.

Los más comunes son tener, presentar, salir, producirse, reabsorberse, drenar y vigilar.

Sí, es una palabra universal en el mundo hispanohablante. Todo el mundo la entiende, desde Chile hasta España.

Sí, aunque es menos común que en inglés. Puedes hablar de 'hematomas emocionales' para referirte a traumas del pasado.

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