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A1 noun #3,000 よく出る 11分で読める

مهمانی

mehmani
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解説 مهمانی in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'مهمانی' (Mehmāni) is one of the first social words you learn. It simply means 'a party' or 'a gathering.' You use it to talk about your basic plans. For example, 'I go to a party' (Man be mehmāni miravam). At this stage, don't worry about complex grammar. Just remember that it involves 'mehmān' (guests) and usually happens at a 'khāneh' (house). You will hear it often when people talk about their weekends. It's a happy word! Iranians love parties, so knowing this word helps you talk about your social life. You can also use the shorter, casual version 'mehmuni' if you want to sound more natural when speaking with friends. Remember: Mehmāni = Party.
At the A2 level, you start to use 'مهمانی' with more verbs and adjectives. You can say 'mehmāni-ye bozorg' (a big party) or 'mehmāni-ye khub' (a good party). You also learn the verb 'da'vat kardan' (to invite). So you can say, 'Dustam marā be mehmāni da'vat kard' (My friend invited me to a party). You begin to understand the difference between 'mehmāni dādan' (giving a party) and 'mehmāni raftan' (going to a party). You might also learn about 'shirini' (sweets) which you always take to a 'mehmāni'. This level is about connecting the word to daily routines and simple social obligations. You can describe what you did: 'In the party, we ate rice and kebab.'
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At the B1 level, you explore the cultural nuances of 'مهمانی'. You learn about 'Ta'arof' and how it functions during these gatherings. You can use the word in more complex sentences with conjunctions. For example, 'Although I was tired, I went to the party because it was my brother's birthday.' You also start using related terms like 'pazirāyi' (hosting/reception). You can describe the atmosphere: 'The party was very warm and friendly' (Mehmāni kheyli garm o samimi bud). You understand that 'mehmāni' is a vital part of Iranian 'rabet-hā' (relationships). You might also encounter the word in simple stories or news about local events.
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At the B2 level, you can discuss the social implications of 'مهمانی'. You can talk about 'mehmāni-ye dore-yi' (rotating parties) and how they help maintain community bonds in the diaspora. You use the word in formal and informal registers correctly. You might use 'ziāfat' for a formal banquet or 'dore-hami' for a casual hangout. You can express opinions about social etiquette: 'In my opinion, the host's hospitality (mehmān-navāzi) is more important than the luxury of the party.' You can also use the word in the passive voice or with complex modal verbs: 'A party should have been held to celebrate his success.' Your vocabulary around the event expands to include 'mizbān' (host) and 'tashrifāt' (formalities).
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At the C1 level, 'مهمانی' becomes a lens through which you analyze Persian culture. You can read literature or watch films where a 'مهمانی' is a central plot device used to reveal social tensions or character depths. You understand the historical evolution of the word from Middle Persian and its role in classical poetry. You can use idiomatic expressions fluently. You might discuss the 'sociology of the Iranian party,' looking at how class, gender, and tradition intersect in these spaces. Your use of the word is precise, and you can switch between 'mehmāni', 'majles', and 'gerde-ham-āyi' based on the exact social context and power dynamics involved. You can also write formal invitations or thank-you notes using high-level vocabulary.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of the concept of 'مهمانی'. You can appreciate the philosophical dimensions of hospitality in Persian thought, perhaps referencing the works of Hafez or Saadi where the 'guest' is a metaphor for the divine or the beloved. You can engage in deep cultural critiques or academic research regarding the 'Mehmāni' as a site of 'performative identity.' You understand the most subtle nuances of Ta'arof that occur during these events—the unspoken rules of seating, the order of serving, and the linguistic subtleties of 'pazirāyi.' You can navigate any social situation in Iran with the grace of a native, using the word and its derivatives to weave complex narratives about heritage, belonging, and the Persian soul.
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مهمانی 30秒で

  • Mehmāni is the general Persian word for a party or gathering, ranging from casual to formal.
  • It is a vital part of Iranian social life, centered around hospitality, food, and family.
  • In casual speech, it is often pronounced as 'Mehmuni,' especially in urban dialects like Tehran.
  • The word is used with verbs like 'dādan' (to give) and 'raftan' (to go) to describe hosting or attending.

The Persian word مهمانی (Mehmāni) is a cornerstone of Iranian social life, transcending the simple English translation of 'party' or 'gathering.' At its core, it represents the institutionalized practice of hospitality, a concept deeply embedded in the Persian psyche. When an Iranian speaks of a مهمانی, they are referring to a structured yet warm event where the roles of host (mizbān) and guest (mehmān) are performed with a specific set of cultural codes known as Ta'arof. This word is a noun derived from 'mehmān' (guest) with the suffix '-i' which creates an abstract noun or a noun of activity. In the Iranian context, a gathering is not just a social outlet; it is a vital mechanism for maintaining family ties, building professional networks, and demonstrating one's social standing through the quality of food and the warmth of the welcome. Whether it is a small family dinner or a lavish wedding with hundreds of guests, the essence of مهمانی remains the same: the elevation of the guest to a position of honor, often described in Persian literature as 'the friend of God' (mehmān habib-e khodāst).

Etymological Root
Derived from Middle Persian 'māhmān', signifying a dweller or a guest.
Social Function
Acts as the primary venue for 'Ta'arof', the complex system of Persian etiquette.
Variety
Can range from 'doreh' (periodic small circles) to 'majles' (formal assemblies).

"دیشب در مهمانی خانوادگی، همه اقوام دور هم جمع شدند تا تولد پدربزرگ را جشن بگیرند." (Last night at the family gathering, all relatives gathered to celebrate grandfather's birthday.)

To understand مهمانی, one must understand the Iranian home. The home is divided into 'andaruni' (private) and 'biruni' (public/guest) spaces. A مهمانی usually takes place in the 'pazirāyi' (reception room), which is often the most decorated part of the house. The preparation for such an event can take days, involving the cooking of complex stews (khoresh), aromatic rice (beranj), and a variety of appetizers. The linguistic use of the word also extends to the act of being a guest; for example, 'mehmāni raftan' means 'to go to a party' or 'to go guesting.' This highlights that the word is as much about the movement and the relationship as it is about the event itself. In modern urban settings, while the formality might have decreased, the frequency of these gatherings remains high, serving as a buffer against the stresses of modern life. The word carries a connotation of warmth, abundance, and communal joy.

"آیا تو هم به مهمانی شام دعوت شده‌ای؟" (Have you also been invited to the dinner party?)

Common Collocation
مهمانی مجلل (Mehmāni-ye mojallal) - A luxurious party.

Furthermore, the word is used in various idiomatic expressions. To 'make a مهمانی' for someone can sometimes imply treating them to a meal or even, in a more metaphorical sense, creating a situation for them. The concept of 'Mehmāni-ye dore-yi' refers to a rotating party where a group of friends meets at a different person's house each time, ensuring that the burden of hosting is shared equally. This practice is extremely common among Iranians living both inside and outside the country, as it preserves the sense of community. The linguistic flexibility of the word allows it to be used for a simple afternoon tea (asrāneh) or a full-scale banquet. Understanding this word is the first step to understanding the heart of Persian culture: the unconditional welcome of the other into one's private space.

"ما برای سال نو یک مهمانی بزرگ برگزار می‌کنیم." (We are holding a big party for the New Year.)

"این مهمانی بهترین فرصت برای دیدن دوستان قدیمی بود." (This gathering was the best opportunity to see old friends.)

Register
Neutral to Formal. In very casual slang, 'mehmuni' is used.

"به خاطر مهمانی دیشب، امروز خیلی خسته‌ام." (Because of last night's party, I am very tired today.)

Using the word مهمانی correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role and its colloquial variations. As a noun, it typically functions as the object of verbs like 'dādan' (to give), 'raftan' (to go), or 'gereftan' (to hold/take). In everyday conversation, particularly in Tehran and other major cities, the final 'ā' sound often shifts to an 'u' sound, resulting in mehmuni. While you should use 'mehmāni' in writing and formal speeches, 'mehmuni' is what you will hear 90% of the time in casual settings. When you want to say 'I am at a party,' you say 'man dar mehmāni hastam.' However, if you want to express that you are someone's guest, you would use the root 'mehmān' (e.g., 'man mehmān-e ānhā hastam').

"می‌خواهم برای پایان ترم یک مهمانی کوچک بگیرم." (I want to hold a small party for the end of the semester.)

The word can be modified by various adjectives to specify the type of gathering. For instance, 'mehmāni-ye rasmi' is a formal party, often related to business or official ceremonies. 'Mehmāni-ye khānevādegi' is a family gathering. 'Mehmāni-ye khodmāni' is an informal, 'just-us' kind of get-together where Ta'arof is kept to a minimum. When constructing sentences, remember that Persian is a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) language. Therefore, 'We to the party went' (Mā be mehmāni raftim) is the standard structure. If you are inviting someone, you use the verb 'da'vat kardan' (to invite) in conjunction with 'mehmāni'.

In terms of pluralization, 'mehmāni-hā' is the standard plural form. You might use this when talking about your social life in general: 'Mehmāni-hā-ye Irāni hamisheh por az ghazā hastand' (Iranian parties are always full of food). Another important aspect is the use of the Ezafe construction (the short 'e' sound connecting words). When you say 'the party of Ali,' it becomes 'mehmāni-ye Ali.' Because 'mehmāni' ends in a 'ye' sound (written as 'ی'), an additional 'ye' sound is often added for clarity in speech, though in modern Persian writing, it's often represented by a small 'hamza' or just implied.

"او همیشه در مهمانی‌ها خوش‌صحبت است." (He is always well-spoken at parties.)

Verb Pairing
Mehmāni dādan (To host/give a party)
Verb Pairing
Mehmāni raftan (To attend/go to a party)
Verb Pairing
Mehmāni barpā kardan (To organize/set up a party)

You will encounter the word مهمانی in a vast array of contexts, from classic literature to modern soap operas. In a domestic setting, it is the most common word used when planning the weekend. You'll hear mothers asking their children, 'In jomeh mehmuni kojā berim?' (Where should we go for a party this Friday?). In the workplace, colleagues might discuss a 'mehmāni-ye dore-yi' (rotating gathering) they have with former classmates. On Iranian television, especially during the Persian New Year (Nowruz), the entire narrative often revolves around 'did-o-bāzdid,' which is essentially a series of short, formal مهمانی visits to the homes of elders and relatives.

"برنامه‌ی شما برای مهمانی شب یلدا چیست؟" (What is your plan for the Yalda night party?)

In literature, 'mehmāni' is often used metaphorically. Sufi poets like Rumi might refer to the world as a 'mehmān-sarā' (an inn or guest house) where we are all temporary guests. In modern cinema, films like 'Mehmān-e Māmān' (The Mother's Guest) by Dariush Mehrjui showcase the stress and beauty of an impromptu مهمانی in a low-income household, highlighting how the concept of 'āberu' (prestige/face) is tied to one's ability to host a proper gathering. In news reports, you might hear about 'mehmāni-ye rasmi-ye dowlat' (an official government banquet) for a visiting foreign dignitary.

If you are walking in a residential neighborhood in Tehran on a Thursday night (the start of the Iranian weekend), you might hear the muffled sounds of music and laughter coming from apartments, and someone on their phone saying, 'Mā taze rasidim mehmuni' (We just arrived at the party). Social media is also full of this word; Instagram captions often feature 'Ye shab-e khub dar mehmāni-ye dustān' (A good night at a friends' gathering). In academic or sociological discussions, the term 'farhang-e mehmāni' (the culture of gathering) is used to describe the collective nature of Iranian society compared to more individualistic Western cultures.

One of the most frequent errors for learners is confusing مهمانی (the event) with مهمان (the guest). While they share the same root, they are not interchangeable. You cannot say 'I am a party' when you mean 'I am a guest.' Another common mistake involves the verb choice. English speakers often want to use 'dāshtan' (to have) for a party, but in Persian, while 'mehmāni dāshtan' is understood, 'mehmāni dādan' (giving a party) or 'mehmāni gereftan' (holding a party) is much more natural when you are the host. If you are the one attending, use 'raftan' (to go).

❌ Man mehmāni hastam. (When you mean 'I am a guest')
✅ Man mehmān hastam.

Pronunciation is another area where learners stumble. The 'h' in مهمانی is a soft, breathy sound, but it must be present. Some learners skip it, making it sound like 'memāni,' which is incorrect. Conversely, don't over-emphasize it like a harsh 'kh' sound. Another nuance is the 'ā' sound. In formal Persian, it's a long 'aa' (like 'ball'), but in the colloquial 'mehmuni,' it changes to 'oo' (like 'boot'). Using the formal 'mehmāni' in a very casual, slang-heavy conversation might make you sound like a textbook, whereas using 'mehmuni' in a formal letter would be inappropriate.

Lastly, be careful with the word 'majles.' While 'majles' can mean a gathering or a party, it usually refers to a more formal or religious assembly, or even the Parliament. If you are invited to a birthday party, calling it a 'majles' might sound overly formal or slightly odd unless it's a very large, traditional event. Stick to مهمانی for most social gatherings. Also, avoid using 'party' (the English loanword) too often; while young people use it, 'mehmuni' remains the soulful, culturally rich choice that resonates more with native speakers.

While مهمانی is the general term for a party, Persian has several other words that describe specific types of gatherings. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker. For example, جشن (Jashn) specifically refers to a celebration, like a birthday (jashn-e tavallod) or a wedding (jashn-e arusi). While every 'jashn' is a 'mehmāni,' not every 'mehmāni' is a 'jashn.' A simple dinner with friends is a 'mehmāni,' but not necessarily a 'jashn' unless there is a specific cause for celebration.

دورهمی (Dore-hami)
A very casual 'get-together.' This word has become extremely popular in recent years for informal hangouts.
مجلس (Majles)
A formal gathering, often used for weddings, funerals, or religious events.
گردهمایی (Gerde-ham-āyi)
A formal 'assembly' or 'convention,' usually for professional or political purposes.

Another related term is ضیافت (Ziāfat). This is a high-register, formal word for a 'banquet' or a 'feast.' You will see this in literature or news reports about official dinners. If you use 'ziāfat' for a pizza night with friends, it will sound like you are joking or being very ironic. On the other hand, شب‌نشینی (Shab-neshini) refers specifically to an evening visit, often involving tea, fruit, and long conversations late into the night. This is a very traditional and cozy term.

"امشب یک دورهمی دوستانه در کافه داریم." (Tonight we have a friendly get-together at a cafe.)

Finally, consider the word پذیرایی (Pazirāyi). While it means 'reception' or 'hosting,' it is often used to describe the act of serving guests at a مهمانی. If someone says 'Pazirāyi-ye ānhā khub bud,' they mean the hosting and the food at the party were excellent. Understanding these synonyms allows you to navigate different social strata in Iran, from the most formal diplomatic circles to the most relaxed youth hangouts.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe construction (Mehmāni-ye...)

Compound verbs with 'dādan' and 'gereftan'

Subjunctive mood after 'می‌خواهم' (I want to...)

Pluralization with '-hā'

The use of 'rā' for definite objects

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レベル別の例文

1

من به مهمانی می‌روم.

I am going to a party.

Simple present continuous (habitual).

2

مهمانی کجاست؟

Where is the party?

Interrogative sentence with 'kojā'.

3

مهمانی ساعت هشت است.

The party is at eight o'clock.

Telling time with 'sā'at'.

4

او مهمانی را دوست دارد.

He/She likes the party.

Third person singular with 'dust dāshtan'.

5

ما در مهمانی هستیم.

We are at the party.

First person plural of 'to be'.

6

این یک مهمانی کوچک است.

This is a small party.

Use of adjective 'kuchek' after the noun.

7

مهمانی تمام شد.

The party finished.

Past tense of 'tamām shodan'.

8

آیا به مهمانی می‌آیی؟

Are you coming to the party?

Question form of 'āmadan'.

1

دیروز به یک مهمانی بزرگ رفتم.

Yesterday I went to a big party.

Past tense 'raftam' with 'diruz'.

2

می‌خواهم برای تولدم مهمانی بدهم.

I want to give a party for my birthday.

Compound verb 'mehmāni dādan'.

3

او مرا به مهمانی شام دعوت کرد.

He invited me to a dinner party.

Object marker 'rā' after 'man' (marā).

4

در مهمانی خیلی خوش گذشت.

We had a great time at the party.

Impersonal expression 'khosh gozasht'.

5

باید برای مهمانی لباس نو بخرم.

I must buy new clothes for the party.

Modal verb 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

6

مهمانی خانوادگی همیشه شلوغ است.

Family gatherings are always crowded.

Adjective 'sholugh' (crowded).

7

چرا به مهمانی نیامدی؟

Why didn't you come to the party?

Negative past tense 'nayāmadi'.

8

میوه‌ها را برای مهمانی آماده کن.

Prepare the fruits for the party.

Imperative 'āmādeh kon'.

1

اگر باران ببارد، مهمانی را در خانه می‌گیریم.

If it rains, we will hold the party inside the house.

Conditional sentence type 1.

2

مهمانی دیشب بسیار مجلل و با‌شکوه بود.

Last night's party was very luxurious and magnificent.

Use of literary adjectives 'mojallal' and 'bā-shokuh'.

3

او همیشه در مهمانی‌ها مرکز توجه است.

He is always the center of attention at parties.

Idiomatic phrase 'markaz-e tavajjoh'.

4

قبل از رفتن به مهمانی، باید هدیه‌ای بخریم.

Before going to the party, we must buy a gift.

Prepositional phrase 'ghabl az' with gerund-like infinitive.

5

مهمانی‌های ایرانی معمولاً تا دیر‌وقت ادامه دارند.

Iranian parties usually continue until late.

Adverbial 'tā dir-vagt'.

6

او از شلوغی مهمانی کمی کلافه شده بود.

He was a bit frustrated by the crowd at the party.

Passive-like state 'kalāfeh shodeh bud'.

7

آیا می‌توانی در چیدن میز مهمانی به من کمک کنی؟

Can you help me set the party table?

Compound verb 'chidan' (to arrange).

8

مهمانی به مناسبت فارغ‌التحصیلی او برگزار شد.

The party was held on the occasion of his graduation.

Formal phrase 'be monāsebat-e'.

1

برگزاری چنین مهمانی بزرگی هزینه زیادی دارد.

Holding such a large party costs a lot.

Gerund 'bargozāri' as a subject.

2

او ترجیح می‌دهد به جای مهمانی‌های شلوغ، در خانه بماند.

He prefers to stay home instead of crowded parties.

Preference 'tarjih dādan' with 'be jāye'.

3

در مهمانی‌های رسمی، رعایت آداب معاشرت الزامی است.

In formal gatherings, observing etiquette is mandatory.

Formal vocabulary 'ādāb-e mo'āsharat' and 'elzāmi'.

4

او با مهارت خاصی مهمانی را مدیریت کرد.

She managed the party with a special skill.

Adverbial phrase 'bā mahārat-e khās'.

5

مهمانی فرصت خوبی برای تجدید دیدار با دوستان بود.

The party was a good opportunity to reunite with friends.

Abstract noun 'tajdid-e didār' (reunion).

6

فضای مهمانی تحت تأثیر موسیقی زنده قرار گرفت.

The atmosphere of the party was influenced by live music.

Passive construction 'taht-e ta'sir-e ... gharār gereft'.

7

او از اینکه به مهمانی دعوت نشده بود، گله داشت.

He complained about not being invited to the party.

Complex clause with 'az inke'.

8

پذیرایی در آن مهمانی واقعاً بی‌نظیر بود.

The hospitality/catering at that party was truly unique.

Adjective 'bi-nazir' (unique/peerless).

1

مهمانی‌های دوره‌ای نقشی کلیدی در حفظ انسجام خانوادگی دارند.

Periodic gatherings play a key role in maintaining family cohesion.

Sociological vocabulary 'ensejām-e khānevādegi'.

2

او در مهمانی چنان با فصاحت سخن می‌گفت که همه را مجذوب کرد.

He spoke with such eloquence at the party that he captivated everyone.

Use of 'chonān... ke' (so... that) and 'fasāhat'.

3

ساختار مهمانی‌های سنتی ایران بازتابی از سلسله‌مراتب اجتماعی است.

The structure of traditional Iranian parties is a reflection of social hierarchies.

Analytical tone 'bāztābi az selsele-marāteb'.

4

او علیرغم میل باطنی، برای حفظ ظاهر در مهمانی شرکت کرد.

Despite his inner desire, he attended the party to keep up appearances.

Idiomatic 'hefz-e zāher' and 'alā-raghm-e'.

5

مهمانی به عرصه‌ای برای تبادل افکار و دیدگاه‌های روشنفکرانه بدل شد.

The gathering turned into an arena for the exchange of intellectual thoughts and views.

Verb 'badal shodan' (to turn into).

6

ظرافت‌های تعارف در مهمانی‌های اعیانی گاهی گیج‌کننده است.

The subtleties of Ta'arof in aristocratic parties are sometimes confusing.

Specific adjective 'ayāni' (aristocratic).

7

او با ذکاوت تمام، از بحث‌های تنش‌زا در مهمانی پرهیز کرد.

With total wit, he avoided tense discussions at the party.

Compound adjective 'tanesh-zā' (tension-inducing).

8

مهمانی‌های شبانه در ادبیات معاصر نمادی از گریز از واقعیت هستند.

Night parties in contemporary literature are a symbol of escapism.

Literary analysis 'namādi az goriz az vāghe'iyat'.

1

مفهوم مهمانی در فرهنگ ایرانی با تقدس میهمان گره خورده است.

The concept of 'Mehmāni' in Iranian culture is intertwined with the sanctity of the guest.

Metaphorical verb 'gereh khordan' (to be knotted/intertwined).

2

او در جستار خود به واکاوی تقابل امر خصوصی و عمومی در مهمانی‌ها پرداخت.

In his essay, he explored the analysis of the contrast between the private and public in parties.

Academic vocabulary 'vākāvi' and 'taghābol'.

3

تجمل‌گرایی افراطی در مهمانی‌های امروزی، اصالت سادگی را خدشه‌دار کرده است.

Extreme consumerism in today's parties has tarnished the authenticity of simplicity.

Complex subject 'tajammol-garāyi-ye efrāti'.

4

مهمانی، به مثابه یک خرده‌فرهنگ، هنجارهای خاص خود را بازتولید می‌کند.

The gathering, as a subculture, reproduces its own specific norms.

Philosophical 'be masābe-ye' (as a/in the capacity of).

5

او با نگاهی پدیدارشناسانه به بررسی تجربه زیسته در مهمانی‌های سنتی نشست.

He sat to examine the lived experience in traditional parties with a phenomenological gaze.

Advanced terminology 'padidār-shenāsāneh'.

6

دیالکتیک میان میزبان و میهمان در مهمانی، بن‌مایه بسیاری از حکایات است.

The dialectic between host and guest in the party is the motif of many anecdotes.

Loanword 'diālektik' and 'bon-māye' (motif).

7

استحاله مهمانی از یک نهاد حمایتی به یک ابزار تفاخر، نگران‌کننده است.

The transformation of the party from a support institution to a tool for boasting is worrying.

High-level noun 'estehāle' (transformation/metamorphosis).

8

او در اشعارش، جهان را مهمانی زودگذری می‌داند که باید از آن بهره جست.

In his poems, he considers the world a fleeting party that one must benefit from.

Subjunctive 'bahre jost' (to seek benefit).

よく使う組み合わせ

مهمانی دادن (To give a party)
مهمانی رفتن (To go to a party)
مهمانی مجلل (Luxurious party)
مهمانی خانوادگی (Family gathering)
مهمانی رسمی (Formal party)
مهمانی دوستانه (Friendly gathering)
کارت مهمانی (Party invitation card)
لباس مهمانی (Party clothes)
میزبان مهمانی (Party host)
هزینه مهمانی (Party cost)

よく使うフレーズ

مهمانی چطور بود؟ (How was the party?)
به مهمانی دعوت شدن (To be invited to a party)
مهمانی گرفتن (To hold a party)
مهمانی مفصل (An elaborate party)
مهمانی خداحافظی (Farewell party)
مهمانی تولد (Birthday party)
در حاشیه مهمانی (On the sidelines of the party)
مهمانی به هم خورد (The party was cancelled/ruined)
مهمانی برپا کردن (To set up a party)
مهمانی عصرانه (Afternoon tea party)

よく混同される語

مهمانی vs مهمان (Mehmān)

مهمانی vs میزبانی (Mizbāni)

مهمانی vs جشن (Jashn)

慣用句と表現

"مهمان ناخوانده (Uninvited guest - often used regarding parties)"
"مهمان حبیب خداست (The guest is God's friend)"
"سفره مهمانی (The party spread/table)"
"مهمان‌نوازی کردن (To show hospitality)"
"خود را مهمان کردن (To treat oneself / to invite oneself)"
"مهمانی رفتن و پز دادن (To go to a party and show off)"
"کاسه داغ‌تر از آش (Being more excited than the host - common at parties)"
"مهمانی تمام شد و رو سیاهی به زغال ماند (The party is over and the truth is revealed)"
"بفرمایید مهمانی (Please, come to the party/gathering)"
"مهمان یک‌روزه (A short-term guest/fleeting moment)"

間違えやすい

مهمانی vs

مهمانی vs

مهمانی vs

مهمانی vs

مهمانی vs

文型パターン

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使い方

Invitations

Usually done via phone call or WhatsApp in modern Iran, rarely physical cards except for weddings.

Social Media

Often tagged as #mehmuni or #gathering.

よくある間違い
  • Using 'Mehmāni' to mean 'Guest' (The guest is 'Mehmān').
  • Forgetting the 'h' in pronunciation (It's not 'Memāni').
  • Using 'dāshtan' (to have) instead of 'dādan' (to give) for hosting.
  • Using 'Mehmāni' for a formal business meeting (Use 'jalaseh').
  • Not using the Ezafe 'ye' when connecting to a name.

ヒント

Tea is Mandatory

At any Mehmāni, expect to be served tea at least twice. Once when you arrive and once after dinner. It is the fuel of Persian social interaction. Always accept the first cup!

Shoe Rule

Look at the host's feet or the entrance. If there are shoes outside, take yours off. Most Iranian homes are carpeted and keeping them clean is a priority. Some hosts provide indoor slippers (rupāyi).

The 'U' Shift

If you want to sound like a native in Tehran, change the 'ā' to 'u'. Say 'Mehmuni' instead of 'Mehmāni'. This small change immediately boosts your fluency profile. It works for many words ending in 'ān' or 'ām' too.

Bring Shirini

Never go to a Mehmāni empty-handed. A box of fresh pastries (shirini-ye tar) from a local bakery is the gold standard. It shows you value the host's effort. It's a small gesture with a big impact.

Ezafe Connection

When saying 'Ali's party', remember the 'ye' sound: Mehmāni-ye Ali. Because Mehmāni ends in a vowel sound, that extra 'y' is crucial for flow. Practice saying it as one continuous word. It makes your Persian sound much smoother.

Compliment the Food

During the Mehmāni, compliment the 'dast-pokht' (cooking style) of the host. Say 'Dastetun dard nakoneh' (May your hand not ache). This is the standard way to show appreciation for the meal. It's expected and appreciated.

Persian Time

If a Mehmāni starts at 7 PM, arriving at 7:30 PM is often considered 'on time.' Arriving exactly at 7 might catch the host still preparing. However, don't be more than an hour late for a dinner party. Observe the 'sweet spot' of 15-30 minutes.

Learn 'Khosh Gozasht'

This is the most important phrase for the end of a Mehmāni. It means 'I had a good time.' Say it to the host as you are leaving. It's the perfect way to wrap up the evening. You can add 'Kheyli' for emphasis.

The Ta'arof Dance

When offered food, decline once politely, then accept when they insist. This is the 'Ta'arof dance.' If you accept too quickly, you might seem greedy. If you never accept, you seem rude. Twice is usually the magic number.

Watch the Elders

In a Mehmāni, elders are given the best seats and served first. Follow their lead. If they start eating, you can start. If they stand up to leave, the party is likely winding down. Respecting age is key to Persian social harmony.

暗記しよう

語源

Middle Persian (Pahlavi)

文化的な背景

Rice (Saffron-infused) is the centerpiece of any respectable Mehmāni.

Always remove your shoes before entering the carpeted areas of a Mehmāni.

The ritualized politeness where hosts insist and guests decline before eventually accepting.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"آخر هفته به مهمانی می‌روی؟ (Are you going to a party this weekend?)"

"بهترین مهمانی که رفتی کجا بود؟ (Where was the best party you ever went to?)"

"برای مهمانی چی بپوشم؟ (What should I wear for the party?)"

"مهمانی ساعت چند شروع می‌شود؟ (What time does the party start?)"

"دوست داری مهمانی بدهی یا مهمانی بروی؟ (Do you like to give a party or go to one?)"

日記のテーマ

Describe your ideal Persian Mehmāni.

Write about a time you felt like a 'mehmān-e nākhvānde' (uninvited guest).

What are the differences between parties in your culture and an Iranian Mehmāni?

List five things you would prepare if you were hosting a Mehmāni.

Reflect on the importance of hospitality in your life.

よくある質問

10 問

Mehmāni is the formal, written form. Mehmuni is the colloquial, spoken form used in daily life. Both mean the same thing: a party or gathering. You should use Mehmāni in exams and Mehmuni with friends. The change from 'ā' to 'u' is a common feature of the Tehrani dialect.

Yes, it is highly recommended in Iranian culture. Usually, people bring flowers, a box of sweets (shirini), or a small decorative item. It shows respect to the host. If it's a very close friend, you might ask 'What can I bring?', but they will likely say 'Nothing.' Even then, bringing something is better.

They tend to last much longer than Western parties. A dinner party might start at 8 PM and not end until well after midnight. Iranians value long conversations and 'shab-neshini' (sitting through the night). Don't be surprised if tea is served multiple times throughout the night. It's polite to stay for a while after dinner.

While a wedding is a 'Mehmāni,' it is more specifically called an 'Arusi' or 'Jashn-e Arusi.' You can say 'I'm going to a wedding party' (Miram mehmuni-ye arusi), but 'Arusi' is the more common term. Mehmāni is usually reserved for smaller, home-based gatherings. However, the general rules of hospitality apply to both.

It depends on the type of party. For a 'Mehmāni-ye rasmi' (formal), you should wear a suit or a formal dress. For a 'Mehmāni-ye khodmāni' (casual), smart-casual is fine. Iranians generally take pride in their appearance at parties. Always check if the party is 'mixed' or 'segregated' in very traditional families, though mixed is common in cities.

The most common way is 'Dar mehmāni kheyli khosh gozasht.' This literally means 'It passed very well in the party.' You can also say 'Mehmāni-ye khubi bud' (It was a good party). If you want to thank the host, say 'Dastetun dard nakoneh, kheyli khosh gozasht' (Thank you, I had a great time).

Not usually. A business meeting is a 'jalaseh.' However, if the business is conducted over dinner at someone's house, it could be called a 'Mehmāni-ye kāri' (work party). Generally, Mehmāni implies a social, non-professional atmosphere. For formal conventions, 'gerde-ham-āyi' is preferred. Use Mehmāni for social joy.

It is a 'rotating party.' A group of friends or relatives agrees to meet regularly (e.g., once a month). Each time, a different person in the group hosts the party at their home. This ensures everyone takes a turn being the host and the guest. It's a popular way to keep social circles active.

Yes, young people often use the English word 'Party' (پارتی), but it usually refers to a Western-style party with loud music and dancing. 'Mehmuni' is a broader and more culturally traditional term. If you want to sound respectful and culturally aware, 'Mehmāni' or 'Mehmuni' is always the better choice. 'Party' can sometimes have a slightly negative or 'too modern' connotation for older generations.

Use Ta'arof. Say 'Kheyli dust dāshtam biāyam, vali...' (I really wanted to come, but...). You should provide a valid excuse, like being busy or having another commitment. End with 'Enshā'allāh da've-ye ba'di' (God willing, next time). It's important to sound genuinely sorry that you are missing the gathering.

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