نقاشی کردن 30秒で
- A compound verb used for artistic painting on canvas, paper, or digital screens.
- Consists of 'naghashi' (painting) and 'kardan' (to do/make).
- Used for hobbies, art classes, and professional artistic work.
- Distinct from 'rang kardan', which is used for painting walls or objects.
The Persian compound verb نقاشی کردن (naqqāši kardan) is the primary way to express the act of creating art through pigments and brushes. At its core, it combines the noun 'نقاشی' (painting/art) with the auxiliary verb 'کردن' (to do/make). While in English 'to paint' can refer to both artistic endeavors and the utilitarian act of coating a wall with color, Persian makes a sharp distinction. Use this verb when you are talking about an artist at an easel, a child with crayons, or a digital illustrator working on a tablet. It implies the creation of a representation, an image, or an abstract expression of beauty. It is a word filled with cultural weight, as Persian history is deeply intertwined with the art of the miniature and calligraphy.
- Artistic Context
- Used for oil painting, watercolor, and sketching where color is applied. It focuses on the creative process of making a 'naqsh' (pattern or image).
- Educational Context
- Commonly heard in schools during 'zang-e naghashi' (art class) where students learn to express themselves visually.
کودک با شادی روی دیوار نقاشی کرد.
In contemporary Persian, this verb has expanded to include digital painting. If you are using Photoshop or Procreate to create an illustration, you are still 'naghashi kardan'. However, if you are simply drawing lines with a pencil without a primary focus on color or complex filling, some might prefer the word 'tarrahi kardan' (to design/sketch), though 'naghashi kardan' is often used interchangeably in casual speech. It is important to note that you would never use this verb to describe painting a house or a fence; for that, Iranians use 'rang kardan' (to color) or 'rang-kari'. Using the wrong verb here is a common marker of a non-native speaker.
When using this verb, you will notice it follows the standard pattern of Persian compound verbs. The noun 'naghashi' stays static, while the 'kardan' part conjugates to show tense, person, and number. For example, 'I am painting' becomes 'dāram naqqāši mikonam'. This structure allows for great flexibility in adding adverbs. You can 'ziba naghashi kardan' (paint beautifully) or 'ba deghat naghashi kardan' (paint with precision). The versatility of this verb makes it a cornerstone of vocabulary for anyone wishing to discuss hobbies, culture, or the aesthetic beauty of the world around them.
هنرمند تمام شب را مشغول نقاشی کردن بود.
- Professional Use
- In galleries, curators might ask about the technique used while 'naghashi kardan', such as 'ba rang-e roghan' (with oil paint).
Mastering نقاشی کردن requires understanding the mechanics of Persian compound verbs. The verb consists of two parts: the non-verbal element (the noun 'نقاشی') and the light verb ('کردن'). In sentence construction, the object of the painting (what is being painted) usually comes before the whole verb or is integrated into the context. For example, 'I painted a flower' is 'Man yek gol naghashi kardam'. Notice how 'yek gol' (a flower) precedes the verb. If you want to specify the medium, you use the preposition 'ba' (with). 'I paint with watercolor' is 'Man ba āb-rang naqqāši mikonam'.
آیا میتوانی چهره مرا نقاشی کنی؟
- Subject-Verb Agreement
- The ending of 'kardan' must match the subject. (Man) mikonam, (To) mikoni, (Ou) mikonad, etc.
- Tense Changes
- Past: naghashi kardam. Present: naghashi mikonam. Future: naghashi khaham kard.
One nuance to be aware of is the use of 'naghashi keshidan' versus 'naghashi kardan'. While 'kardan' is the standard 'to do', 'keshidan' (to draw/pull) is also very common and often implies the act of drawing lines or sketching. In many casual contexts, they are synonyms, but 'kardan' feels slightly more formal or comprehensive of the whole painting process. When you want to describe a continuous action, use the auxiliary 'dashtan'. 'I was painting when you called' becomes 'Dashtam naghashi mikardam ke zang zadi'. This adds a layer of descriptive depth to your storytelling in Persian.
Negative forms are created by adding the prefix 'na-' to the light verb. 'I don't paint' is 'Naghashi nemikonam'. If you want to ask a question, you can simply use rising intonation or add 'aya' at the beginning. The flexibility of Persian word order allows you to emphasize different parts of the sentence. For instance, putting the medium at the beginning: 'Ba medad-rangi, ou behtarin tasvirha ra naghashi mikonad' (With colored pencils, he paints the best images). This helps in creative writing and artistic descriptions.
ما در کلاس هنر یاد گرفتیم چگونه منظره نقاشی کنیم.
You will encounter نقاشی کردن in a variety of real-world Iranian settings. In a typical Iranian household, you might hear a parent encouraging a child by saying 'Bia inja naghashi kon' (Come here and paint/draw). In the educational system, 'Naghashi' is a standard subject from kindergarten through high school. If you visit the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art or the many private galleries in the Haft-e Tir or Jordan neighborhoods, you will hear critics and enthusiasts discussing the artist's style of 'naghashi kardan'.
- Art Galleries
- 'Sabk-e ou dar naghashi kardan monharef be fard ast' (His style of painting is unique).
- Social Media
- On Instagram, Iranian artists use hashtags like #naghashi or #naghashi_kardan to showcase time-lapse videos of their work.
In Iranian media, particularly in documentaries about famous figures like Kamal-ol-Molk (the father of modern Persian painting), the verb is used to describe his dedication to the craft. You might also hear it in the context of therapy; 'Naghashi-darmani' (Art therapy) is a growing field in Iran, where patients are encouraged to 'naghashi kardan' to express suppressed emotions. In these contexts, the verb takes on a psychological and healing connotation, moving beyond mere hobbyism.
Furthermore, in the bustling bazaars of Esfahan or Shiraz, you might see craftsmen 'naghashi kardan' on 'Mina-kari' (enamelware) or 'Galam-zani' (metalwork). While these are specific crafts, the general action of applying decorative colors is often described using this verb to tourists. It bridges the gap between 'fine art' and 'traditional craft'. Whether it's a street artist in Darband sketching portraits or a student in a university studio, 'naghashi kardan' is the universal term for this visual creation.
او ترجیح میدهد در طبیعت نقاشی کند تا در آتلیه.
The most frequent mistake English speakers make with نقاشی کردن is 'over-extension'—using it for house painting. If you tell an Iranian 'Daram otagham ra naghashi mikonam', they will likely imagine you are painting murals or artistic designs on your bedroom walls, rather than just giving them a fresh coat of white paint. For walls, always use 'rang kardan'. Another common error is the omission of the auxiliary verb 'kardan'. You cannot just say 'Man naghashi' to mean 'I paint'. The 'kardan' is essential for the sentence to have a verb.
- The 'Keshidan' Confusion
- While 'naghashi keshidan' is acceptable, beginners often mix up the two. Stick to 'kardan' for general painting and 'keshidan' for drawing/sketching until you are more comfortable.
- Preposition Errors
- Avoid using 'dar' (in) when you mean 'with' a medium. Use 'ba' (with). Wrong: 'Dar āb-rang naghashi mikonam'. Right: 'Ba āb-rang naghashi mikonam'.
Another subtle mistake involves the word order of objects. In English, we say 'paint a picture'. In Persian, 'naghashi' is already part of the verb. So, if you say 'Yek naghashi naghashi kardam', it sounds redundant (I painted a painting). Instead, say 'Yek tasvir naghashi kardam' (I painted an image) or simply 'Naghashi kardam' if the context is clear. Furthermore, learners often forget to conjugate 'kardan' correctly in the past tense, sometimes using the present stem 'kon' instead of the past stem 'kard'.
Finally, be careful with the pluralization of the noun within the verb. You don't usually pluralize 'naghashi' when it's part of the compound verb 'naghashi kardan', even if you are painting multiple things. The verb phrase remains 'naghashi kardan'. If you want to say 'I am doing some paintings', you would say 'Dāram chand tā naqqāši mikonam', where 'naghashi' now acts as a countable noun rather than just a component of the verb. Understanding these distinctions will make your Persian sound much more natural and idiomatic.
اشتباه: من دیوار را نقاشی کردم (unless you painted a mural!).
While نقاشی کردن is the most common term, Persian offers a rich palette of synonyms and related verbs that provide more specific meanings. Depending on the medium, the style, or the intent, you might choose a different word to sound more precise. For example, 'طراحی کردن' (tarrahi kardan) is the go-to verb for sketching, designing, or drawing plans. It emphasizes line and structure over color. If you are specifically working with colors to fill in a space, 'رنگآمیزی کردن' (rang-āmizi kardan) is the term for 'coloring' or 'tinting'.
- طراحی کردن (Tarrahi Kardan)
- To sketch or design. Used by architects, fashion designers, and artists doing preliminary work.
- تصویرگری کردن (Tasvir-gari Kardan)
- To illustrate. Specifically used for book illustrations or commercial art that accompanies text.
- رنگ کردن (Rang Kardan)
- To paint (a wall) or to color something. Much more utilitarian than 'naghashi'.
In more classical or poetic contexts, you might encounter the word 'نگارگری' (negār-gari). This specifically refers to the traditional Persian miniature painting. It carries a sense of intricate detail and historical tradition. Another related term is 'قلمزدن' (ghalam-zadan), which literally means 'striking the pen/brush'. While it can mean to write, in the context of art, it refers to the brushwork or the act of applying the brush to the canvas. Using 'ghalam-zadan' suggests a focus on the technique and the physical motion of the artist.
When comparing 'naghashi kardan' and 'naghashi keshidan', remember that 'keshidan' is often used for portraits (chehre-keshidi) or when the act feels more like 'drawing' than 'painting'. However, in daily life, 'naghashi kardan' remains the most versatile and safe choice. For advanced speakers, using 'musaver kardan' (to make pictorial/illustrate) can add a formal, academic tone to your speech, especially when discussing historical manuscripts or illuminated texts.
او به جای نقاشی کردن، به طراحی با مداد علاقه دارد.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The word 'naqsh' is also the root for 'map' (naghsheh) in Persian, showing the link between painting and representing the world.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'q' as a simple 'k' (it should be deeper in the throat).
- Stress on the first syllable of 'naghashi'.
- Making the 'i' too short.
難易度
Easy to recognize the noun 'naghashi' and the common verb 'kardan'.
Requires correct spelling of the 'q' and 'sh' and proper conjugation of 'kardan'.
Requires correct uvular 'q' sound and natural flow of the compound verb.
Usually very clear in speech due to the distinct 'sh' sound.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Compound Verbs
نقاشی + کردن (The noun and light verb function as one unit).
Present Continuous
دارم نقاشی میکنم (Using 'dashtan' as an auxiliary).
Subjunctive Mood
میخواهم نقاشی کنم (The 'mi' is removed and replaced with 'be' which is often dropped in compound verbs).
Past Imperfect
نقاشی میکردم (Used for repeated actions in the past).
Object Marker 'Ra'
من آن منظره را نقاشی کردم (Used when the object is definite).
レベル別の例文
من نقاشی میکنم.
I paint.
Simple present tense of 'naghashi kardan'.
او یک گل نقاشی کرد.
He/She painted a flower.
Simple past tense with a direct object.
آیا تو نقاشی میکنی؟
Do you paint?
Interrogative form using rising intonation.
ما در مدرسه نقاشی میکنیم.
We paint at school.
Present tense, first person plural.
آنها نقاشی نمیکنند.
They do not paint.
Negative present tense.
بیا نقاشی کنیم!
Let's paint!
Imperative/Hortative form.
من نقاشی کردن را دوست دارم.
I like painting.
Using the infinitive as a noun object.
این یک نقاشی است.
This is a painting.
Showing the noun form 'naghashi'.
او هر روز عصر نقاشی میکند.
He paints every afternoon.
Use of frequency adverbs with the present tense.
من میخواهم یک منظره نقاشی کنم.
I want to paint a landscape.
Using 'khastan' (to want) with the subjunctive.
او با مدادرنگی نقاشی کرد.
She painted with colored pencils.
Specifying the medium using 'ba'.
بچهها روی کاغذ نقاشی میکنند.
The children are painting on paper.
Specifying the surface using 'ru-ye'.
دیروز یک درخت نقاشی کردم.
Yesterday I painted a tree.
Past tense with a time adverb.
او خیلی خوب نقاشی میکند.
He paints very well.
Using the adverb 'khub' to describe the action.
نباید روی دیوار نقاشی کنی.
You shouldn't paint on the wall.
Prohibitive form with 'nabayad'.
خواهرم نقاشی کردن را به من یاد داد.
My sister taught me how to paint.
Compound sentence with teaching context.
وقتی بچه بودم، همیشه نقاشی میکردم.
When I was a child, I used to paint all the time.
Imperfect past tense for habitual actions.
او در حال نقاشی کردن یک پرتره است.
He is currently painting a portrait.
Continuous present construction.
اگر وقت داشته باشم، نقاشی خواهم کرد.
If I have time, I will paint.
Conditional sentence with future tense.
نقاشی کردن به من کمک میکند تا آرام شوم.
Painting helps me to calm down.
Using the infinitive as a subject.
او ترجیح میدهد با آبرنگ نقاشی کند.
She prefers to paint with watercolor.
Using 'tarjih dadan' (to prefer).
من هیچوقت نتوانستم به خوبی او نقاشی کنم.
I was never able to paint as well as him.
Past potential with 'tavanestan'.
هنرمند مشغول نقاشی کردن تابلوی جدیدش است.
The artist is busy painting his new canvas.
Using 'mashghul-e' to show ongoing activity.
آیا تا به حال با رنگ روغن نقاشی کردهای؟
Have you ever painted with oil colors?
Present perfect tense question.
او با مهارتی خاص، جزئیات را نقاشی میکند.
He paints the details with a special skill.
Using prepositional phrases for manner.
نقاشی کردن در فضای باز چالشهای خود را دارد.
Painting in the open air has its own challenges.
Abstract subject with plural noun.
او سعی داشت احساساتش را در نقاشی کردن نشان دهد.
He tried to show his emotions in his painting.
Past continuous with intent.
بسیاری از هنرمندان از طبیعت برای نقاشی کردن الهام میگیرند.
Many artists take inspiration from nature for painting.
Complex sentence with 'elham gereftan'.
او قبل از نقاشی کردن، ابتدا طرح اولیه را میکشد.
Before painting, he first draws the initial sketch.
Using 'ghabl az' with the gerund form.
این سبک از نقاشی کردن در قرن نوزدهم رایج بود.
This style of painting was common in the 19th century.
Discussing historical context.
او تمام عمرش را صرف نقاشی کردن کرد.
He spent his whole life painting.
Using 'sarf-e ... kardan' (to spend on).
باید با دقت بیشتری این قسمت را نقاشی میکردی.
You should have painted this part with more care.
Past conditional/should have.
نقاشی کردن برای او فراتر از یک سرگرمی، یک نیاز حیاتی است.
For him, painting is more than a hobby; it's a vital need.
Elevated vocabulary and complex structure.
او با نقاشی کردن مناظر متروک، تنهایی انسان معاصر را به تصویر میکشد.
By painting deserted landscapes, he depicts the loneliness of contemporary man.
Participial-like use of the gerund.
منتقدان بر این باورند که او در نقاشی کردن از نور، استاد است.
Critics believe that he is a master in painting light.
Reporting verbs and formal register.
او با ترکیب تکنیکهای سنتی و مدرن، شیوه جدیدی در نقاشی کردن ابداع کرد.
By combining traditional and modern techniques, he invented a new way of painting.
Using 'ebda kardan' (to invent/innovate).
نقاشی کردن میتواند ابزاری قدرتمند برای نقد اجتماعی باشد.
Painting can be a powerful tool for social criticism.
Abstract conceptualization.
او در حین نقاشی کردن، به موسیقی کلاسیک گوش میدهد تا تمرکز کند.
While painting, he listens to classical music to concentrate.
Using 'dar hin-e' (during/while).
ظرافتهای موجود در نقاشی کردن مینیاتور حیرتانگیز است.
The subtleties found in painting miniatures are astonishing.
Formal noun phrase as subject.
او از نقاشی کردن به عنوان راهی برای بازگشت به خویشتن استفاده میکند.
He uses painting as a way to return to himself (self-reflection).
Philosophical/Psychological context.
فرایند نقاشی کردن در آثار او، نوعی مکاشفه عرفانی قلمداد میشود.
The process of painting in his works is considered a type of mystical revelation.
Highly formal/Academic register.
او با بازتعریف مرزهای نقاشی کردن، پارادایمهای هنری عصر خود را به چالش کشید.
By redefining the boundaries of painting, he challenged the artistic paradigms of his era.
Advanced vocabulary (redefinition, paradigm).
در این رساله، به بررسی تطبیقی نقاشی کردن در شرق و غرب پرداخته شده است.
In this treatise, a comparative study of painting in the East and West is conducted.
Passive academic voice.
نقاشی کردن، در واقع، تلاشی است برای تثبیت لحظات فرار هستی.
Painting is, in fact, an attempt to solidify the fleeting moments of existence.
Ontological/Philosophical statement.
او چنان در نقاشی کردن مستغرق گشت که زمان و مکان را از یاد برد.
He became so immersed in painting that he forgot time and space.
Literary 'so...that' construction with 'mostaghregh'.
جستار حاضر به واکاوی نقش نقاشی کردن در شکلگیری هویت ملی میپردازد.
The present essay explores the role of painting in the formation of national identity.
Academic jargon (exploration, identity formation).
هنرمند با نقاشی کردن سکوت، مخاطب را به تاملی عمیق وامیدارد.
By painting silence, the artist compels the audience toward deep reflection.
Metaphorical usage and causative verb.
پویایی نهفته در نقاشی کردن او، گویای روح ناآرام و جستجوگر وی است.
The inherent dynamism in his painting speaks of his restless and searching spirit.
Sophisticated descriptive structure.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
Used for painting walls, cars, or hair. Not for art.
Used for sketching or technical design. Less focused on color.
Sometimes in very old Persian, 'painting' was referred to as 'writing' a picture, but not anymore.
慣用句と表現
— God's painting (used to describe a very beautiful natural landscape).
این منظره واقعاً نقاشی خداست.
Informal/Poetic— To ruin plans (literal: to paint on water).
تمام نقشههایم را نقش بر آب کرد.
Literary— To envision/plan the future.
او آیندهاش را به زیبایی نقاشی کرده است.
Metaphorical— To embellish or exaggerate (related to painting).
او به داستانش رنگ و لعاب داد.
Informal間違えやすい
It's the person (painter), not the action.
Naghash is the noun for the person; naghashi kardan is the verb.
او یک نقاش است که خوب نقاشی میکند.
Sounds similar and has the same root.
Naghsheh means 'map' or 'plan'.
او نقشه ایران را نقاشی کرد.
Formal adjective from the same root.
Means 'decorated' or 'imprinted'.
این ظرف منقوش به گل است.
It's the noun 'painting'.
Naghashi is the result; naghashi kardan is the process.
این نقاشی زیباست.
Related to color.
Refers to the job of a house painter.
او به رنگکاری ساختمان مشغول است.
文型パターン
من [Object] نقاشی میکنم.
من سیب نقاشی میکنم.
او با [Medium] نقاشی میکند.
او با مداد نقاشی میکند.
وقتی [Event]، من نقاشی میکردم.
وقتی باران میآمد، من نقاشی میکردم.
او ترجیح میدهد [Object] را نقاشی کند.
او ترجیح میدهد چهرهها را نقاشی کند.
با وجود [Obstacle]، او به نقاشی کردن ادامه داد.
با وجود بیماری، او به نقاشی کردن ادامه داد.
نقاشی کردن، تجلیِ [Abstract Noun] است.
نقاشی کردن، تجلیِ روحِ هنرمند است.
بیا [Object] نقاشی کنیم.
بیا یک خانه نقاشی کنیم.
آیا میتوانی [Object] را برای من نقاشی کنی؟
آیا میتوانی گربه مرا برای من نقاشی کنی؟
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very High (Top 2000 words)
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Naghashi' as 'No-Gash-y'. You don't want a 'gash' in your 'painting'! You 'do' (kardan) a 'No-gash-y'.
視覚的連想
Imagine a 'Nightingale' (starts with N) holding a 'Brush' and painting a 'Q' on a 'She' (Naghashi).
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe three things in your room that you would like to 'naghashi kardan' using the present tense.
語源
From the Arabic root 'n-q-sh' (ن ق ش) meaning to engrave, carve, or paint, combined with the Persian auxiliary 'kardan'.
元の意味： To engrave or create patterns on a surface.
Afro-Asiatic (root) + Indo-European (auxiliary).文化的な背景
Be careful when discussing religious figures in paintings, as some traditions discourage the depiction of holy persons.
English speakers often confuse 'paint' (art) and 'paint' (wall). Persian separates these strictly.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Art Class
- مدادم را تراشیدم.
- رنگها را ترکیب کن.
- روی کاغذ بکش.
- قلممو را بشور.
Gallery Visit
- این تابلو زیباست.
- هنرمند کیست؟
- از چه تکنیکی استفاده شده؟
- قیمت این اثر چند است؟
Hobby Talk
- من در اوقات فراغت نقاشی میکنم.
- به سبک مدرن علاقه دارم.
- میخواهم در کلاس ثبتنام کنم.
- نقاشی به من آرامش میدهد.
Children's Activity
- یک خانه بکش.
- رنگ زرد کجاست؟
- آفرین، خیلی قشنگ است.
- دیوار را کثیف نکن.
Professional Studio
- نور آتلیه خوب است.
- بوم را آماده کن.
- رنگ روغن زود خشک نمیشود.
- طرح اولیه را زدم.
会話のきっかけ
"آیا به نقاشی کردن علاقه داری؟ (Do you like painting?)"
"بهترین نقاشی که تا به حال دیدهای چه بوده است؟ (What's the best painting you've ever seen?)"
"ترجیح میدهی با آبرنگ نقاشی کنی یا رنگ روغن؟ (Do you prefer watercolor or oil paint?)"
"آیا در خانواده شما کسی نقاشی میکند؟ (Does anyone in your family paint?)"
"اگر بخواهی مرا نقاشی کنی، از چه رنگی استفاده میکنی؟ (If you wanted to paint me, what color would you use?)"
日記のテーマ
امروز چه چیزی نقاشی کردی؟ احساساتت را در حین کار توصیف کن. (What did you paint today? Describe your feelings.)
چرا فکر میکنی نقاشی کردن برای روح انسان مفید است؟ (Why do you think painting is good for the soul?)
اگر میتوانستی یک روز با یک نقاش معروف زندگی کنی، چه کسی را انتخاب میکردی؟ (If you could live with a famous painter for a day, who would it be?)
توصیف یک منظره که دوست داری آن را نقاشی کنی. (Describe a landscape you'd like to paint.)
نقاشی کردن چگونه به تو کمک میکند تا دنیا را متفاوت ببینی؟ (How does painting help you see the world differently?)
よくある質問
3 問Yes, you can, but 'tarrahi kardan' is more specific for pencil sketches. 'Naghashi' usually implies color.
No, it's very common and perfectly acceptable in spoken Persian, especially for drawing portraits or sketches.
Summary
Use 'naghashi kardan' for any creative act of painting, like a hobby or professional art. Always remember it's a compound verb, so you only conjugate the 'kardan' part. For example: 'Man naghashi mikonam' (I paint).
- A compound verb used for artistic painting on canvas, paper, or digital screens.
- Consists of 'naghashi' (painting) and 'kardan' (to do/make).
- Used for hobbies, art classes, and professional artistic work.
- Distinct from 'rang kardan', which is used for painting walls or objects.
関連コンテンツ
artsの関連語
عاطفی
B1感情的な、情緒的な。愛情や感情に関連すること。
عکاس
A2写真家（アッカース）は写真を撮る人のことです。その写真家は美しい風景を撮りました。
عکاسی
A1写真は光で画像を記録する技術です。ペルシア語では「Akasi」と言います。
عکاسی کردن
A2To take photographs with a camera.
عکس
A1写真（しゃしん）。カメラで撮った画像のこと。ペルシア語では「反射」という意味もあります。
عکس گرفتن
A2写真を撮る。 彼は公園で花の写真を撮るのが好きです。
ادبی
B1文学的な；文学に関する。
ادبیات
A2Written works, especially those considered of superior artistic merit; literature.
اجرا
A2The action of performing a task or function; a public presentation; a performance.
اجرا کردن
A2計画や命令を実行すること、または遂行すること。
