B1 · 中級 チャプター 37

Honorifics and Register

4 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of Kazakh respect and navigate social hierarchy through nuanced language choices.

  • Distinguish between formal and informal pronouns correctly.
  • Apply honorific verb endings to show respect to elders.
  • Select the appropriate register for professional and social settings.
Speak with soul, honor with words.

学べること

Navigating social hierarchy through language. Using formal vs. informal address appropriately.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to correctly address strangers and elders using 'Сіз' and its associated possessives.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to conjugate common verbs with the '-ыңыз/-іңіз' suffixes for polite imperatives.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to evaluate a social situation and choose between 'Siz' and 'Sen' registers.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to soften requests using conditional structures and polite particles.

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

Default to Siz

If you are unsure, always use 'Siz'. It is never rude to be polite.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Pronouns
💡

When in doubt, use Siz

It is better to be too polite than rude.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Verbs
💡

Default to Siz

When meeting someone new, always use 'siz'. It shows you are respectful.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Register Selection
💡

Default to Siz

When meeting someone new, always use 'siz'. You can switch to 'sen' later if they invite you.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Politeness Strategies

重要な語彙 (6)

Сіз You (formal/polite) Құрметті Respected/Dear Өтініш Request/Please Рұқсат Permission Ақсақал Elder (literally: white beard) Кешіріңіз Excuse me / I am sorry (formal)

Real-World Preview

graduation-cap

Meeting a Professor

Review Summary

  • Сіз (Singular) / Сіздер (Plural)
  • Verb Stem + -(ы/і)ңыз/-(ы/і)ңіздер

よくある間違い

Using 'Sen' with a teacher is considered very rude. Always use 'Siz' in educational and professional settings.

Wrong: Сен қалайсың? (to a teacher)
正解: Сіз қалайсыз?

The imperative without the honorific suffix sounds like a harsh command to an animal or a small child.

Wrong: Мұнда кел! (to an elder)
正解: Мұнда келіңіз.

The verb ending must match the plurality of the honorific pronoun 'Sizder'.

Wrong: Сіздер келіңіз. (plural subject, singular verb)
正解: Сіздер келіңіздер.

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a key part of the Kazakh soul. By speaking with respect, you open doors to deeper friendships and cultural understanding. Тамаша! (Wonderful!)

Roleplay a job interview

Write a formal email to a Kazakh language school

Continue to: Discourse Markers

クイック練習 (10)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Siz barasin.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Siz barasiz
Pronoun-verb agreement error.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Verbs

Which is more polite?

Addressing a stranger

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Siz is the polite form.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Pronouns

Choose the correct pronoun.

___ kelesiz be?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Siz
The verb 'kelesiz' is formal.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Register Selection

Select the formal question.

Which is formal?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Siz barasyz ba?
Siz + formal suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Register Selection

Fill in the correct verb suffix.

Siz bar___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: b
Siz requires -siz suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Pronouns

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Siz keldiñ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Match pronoun to verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Honorific Pronouns

Choose the correct pronoun.

___ keldiniz be? (formal)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Siz
Siz is the formal pronoun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Politeness Strategies

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Sen kelesiz be?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sen kelesiń be?
Pronoun and verb must match.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Register Selection

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Sen kelesiz.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sen kelesin
Match pronoun with verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Politeness Strategies

Select the correct verb suffix.

Siz barasız ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ba
Vowel harmony requires 'ba'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Politeness Strategies

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Yes, but it will sound like you are joking or being very distant.
Apologize and switch to 'Siz'. Most people will understand you are a learner.
Use it for elders, strangers, and in professional settings.
No, 'sizder' is for a group of people you are addressing formally.
Yes, but it creates distance. Use it if you want to be funny or sarcastic.
Apologize and switch to 'siz'. People usually understand learners make mistakes.
前のチャプター
Causative Verbs
次のチャプター
Discourse Markers
ロードマップに戻る