At the A1 level, '공격' (gong-gyeok) is introduced as a simple noun meaning 'attack.' You will mostly see it in the context of games or sports. For example, in a soccer game, you might say '공격!' to tell your team to go forward. You should learn the basic verb form '공격하다' (to attack). At this stage, don't worry about complex political or cyber-security meanings. Just remember that it is the opposite of '방어' (defense). Think of it as 'moving forward to win.' You might see it in simple sentences like '사자가 공격해요' (The lion attacks). The word is easy to pronounce: Gong-gyeok. Focus on using it with the object particle '을/를'.
At the A2 level, you can start using '공격' in more varied contexts, such as sports positions and simple descriptions of behavior. You should learn the word '공격수' (striker/forward) which is very common in sports news. You can also use the adjective '공격적이다' (to be aggressive) to describe a person's personality or a dog's behavior. For example, '그 개는 공격적이에요' (That dog is aggressive). You will also encounter the passive form '공격당하다' (to be attacked). This is useful for saying things like '우리 팀이 공격당하고 있어요' (Our team is being attacked). You should be able to distinguish between a physical attack and a sports attack.
At the B1 level, you should understand '공격' in the context of news and technology. This includes terms like '사이버 공격' (cyber attack) and '언어 폭력/공격' (verbal attack). You will see '공격' used in news headlines about international conflicts. You should also learn common collocations like '공격을 개시하다' (to initiate an attack) and '공격을 막다' (to block/defend an attack). At this level, you can use '공격' metaphorically, such as '공격적인 마케팅' (aggressive marketing). You should also be able to understand the difference between '공격' and '습격' (surprise attack/raid).
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the abstract and strategic uses of '공격'. This includes political discourse where candidates '공격' each other's policies. You will encounter the word in academic or historical texts, such as '임진왜란 당시 일본의 공격' (Japan's attack during the Imjin War). You should also understand the nuance of '공세' (an offensive/push) compared to '공격'. For example, '공세에 나서다' means to take the offensive. You should be able to use '공격' in writing to describe arguments, such as '그의 논리는 공격받기 쉽다' (His logic is easy to attack/vulnerable).
At the C1 level, you should master the subtle nuances of '공격' in literature, high-level journalism, and professional settings. You will see it used in psychological contexts, such as '자기 공격' (self-attack/self-criticism) or '수동 공격적' (passive-aggressive). You should be able to analyze the use of '공격' as a rhetorical device in speeches. You will also encounter more specialized Hanja-based synonyms like '공략' (targeting/capturing a market or fortress) and '침탈' (usurpation/attack). At this level, you should be able to discuss the ethics of '공격' in warfare or the legal definitions of '공격' versus '정당방위' (self-defense).
At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of '공격' and its place in the Korean linguistic landscape. You can understand complex metaphors involving '공격' in classical literature or modern poetry. You can differentiate between '공격', '도발' (provocation), '침범' (encroachment), and '유린' (devastation/violation) in legal and diplomatic documents. You can use the word with perfect precision in high-level debates, choosing the right derivative or synonym to convey exact levels of intensity and intent. You are also familiar with historical idioms or obscure Hanja compounds that include '공' (attack) or '격' (strike).

공격 30秒で

  • 공격 (Gong-gyeok) is the Korean word for 'attack' or 'offensive,' used in military, sports, gaming, and verbal contexts.
  • It is most commonly used as a verb in the form '공격하다' (to attack) or an adjective '공격적이다' (aggressive).
  • In sports like soccer, it refers to the offensive play, while in digital contexts, it refers to hacking or cyber-attacks.
  • The opposite of '공격' is '방어' (defense), and being attacked is expressed as '공격을 받다' or '공격당하다'.

The Korean word 공격 (Gong-gyeok) is a foundational noun that primarily translates to 'attack,' 'assault,' or 'offensive.' Derived from the Hanja 攻 (strike/attack) and 擊 (hit/strike), it encapsulates the act of initiating a forceful action against an opponent, whether in a physical, strategic, or verbal sense. In its most literal form, it refers to military operations or physical combat where one party seeks to overcome another through force. However, in modern Korean, its usage has expanded significantly into the realms of sports, gaming, psychology, and digital security.

Military Context
The strategic movement of troops to seize territory or neutralize an enemy.
Sports Context
The phase of play where a team or individual attempts to score points or goals.
Verbal Context
Criticizing or challenging someone's ideas or character aggressively.
Digital Context
Unauthorized attempts to access or damage computer systems (cyber-attack).

"축구 경기에서 우리 팀의 공격이 매우 날카로웠습니다." (In the soccer match, our team's attack was very sharp.)

Understanding '공격' requires recognizing its dual nature: it is both a specific action and a general stance. When someone is described as having an 'aggressive' personality, the derivative adjective 공격적이다 is used. This indicates that the concept of 'attack' is not just about the moment of impact but also about the intent and the energy directed outward. In a social setting, if someone constantly points out your flaws, you might feel you are under '공격'.

"해커들이 정부 웹사이트를 공격했습니다." (Hackers attacked the government website.)

The word is also deeply embedded in Korean gaming culture. In MMORPGs or strategy games like StarCraft or League of Legends, '공격력' (attack power) is a vital stat. Players often shout '공격!' as a command to initiate a team fight. This cultural saturation makes '공격' one of the first 500 words a learner should master to understand media and daily interactions.

"그의 발언은 상대 후보에 대한 인신 공격이었습니다." (His remark was a personal attack against the opposing candidate.)

Antonym: 방어 (Bang-eo)
Defense. The act of protecting oneself against an attack.
Derived Term: 공격수 (Gong-gyeok-su)
A forward or striker in sports like soccer or basketball.

"사자는 먹잇감을 향해 공격을 시작했습니다." (The lion began its attack toward the prey.)

In summary, '공격' is a versatile term spanning from the battlefield to the soccer field and the debate hall. Its meaning is always rooted in the proactive application of force or pressure against a target. Whether it's a 'cyber attack' (사이버 공격) or a 'verbal attack' (말공격), the core essence remains the same: an outward-moving force intended to disrupt or defeat.

Using 공격 correctly involves understanding its grammatical flexibility. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object of a sentence. However, it is most frequently encountered in its verbalized form, 공격하다 (to attack). This is a 'Noun + 하다' verb, a common pattern in Korean for words of Chinese origin.

1. Basic Verb Usage

When you want to say 'X attacks Y,' the structure is: [Subject]이/가 [Object]을/를 공격하다. For example, '고양이가 쥐를 공격해요' (The cat attacks the mouse). Note the use of the object particle 을/를 to indicate the target.

"군대가 성을 공격하고 있어요." (The army is attacking the castle.)

2. Describing a State or Trait

To describe someone or something as 'aggressive,' use the adjective 공격적이다. This can be used for personalities, investment strategies, or even design styles. For instance, '그는 매우 공격적인 성격이에요' (He has a very aggressive personality).

공격적인 투자
Aggressive investment (high risk, high return).
공격적인 태도
Aggressive attitude (confrontational).

3. Passive vs. Active

While '공격하다' is active, the passive 'to be attacked' is usually expressed as 공격을 받다 (to receive an attack) or 공격당하다 (to be attacked/suffer an attack). '공격당하다' is more common when the attack is sudden or unwanted.

"우리 컴퓨터가 바이러스에 공격당했어요." (Our computer was attacked by a virus.)

4. Sports Terminology

In sports, '공격' is used as a noun to mean 'the offense.' You will hear '공격권' (possession/right to attack) or '공격 시간' (shot clock/attack time). When a team switches from defense to offense, it's called '공격 전환'.

Mastering '공격' involves recognizing these patterns. Whether you are discussing a soccer match, a historical battle, or a cyber security breach, the word '공격' and its derivatives will be your primary tools for describing the initiation of force.

The word 공격 is ubiquitous in South Korean society, appearing in various contexts from high-stakes news broadcasts to casual gaming sessions. Understanding where you will encounter this word helps in grasping its cultural weight and frequency.

1. Sports Broadcasting

If you watch a K-League soccer match or a KBO baseball game, you will hear '공격' every few minutes. Commentators use it to describe the flow of the game. Phrases like '강력한 공격' (powerful attack) or '공격적인 플레이' (aggressive play) are staples of sports journalism.

"손흥민 선수가 공격의 핵심입니다." (Son Heung-min is the core of the attack.)

2. News and Politics

In the political arena, '공격' refers to verbal or policy-based challenges. During election seasons, news reports are filled with '상대 후보에 대한 공격' (attacks on the opposing candidate). Similarly, in international news, '사이버 공격' (cyber attacks) and '군사 공격' (military attacks) are frequent topics.

뉴스 헤드라인 (News Headline)
"북한, 서해상에서 포격 공격 감행" (North Korea carries out artillery attack in the West Sea.)
정치 토론 (Political Debate)
"근거 없는 공격은 멈춰야 합니다." (Groundless attacks must stop.)

3. Gaming Culture (PC Bangs)

South Korea is a global hub for e-sports. In any PC Bang (internet cafe), you'll hear gamers shouting '공격해!' (Attack!) or '공격 들어간다!' (The attack is starting!). In games like League of Legends, 'AD' (Attack Damage) is often translated or referred to in the context of '공격력'.

4. Daily Conversations

While less common in polite small talk, '공격' is used when discussing interpersonal conflicts. If a friend is being overly critical, one might say, '왜 나를 공격해?' (Why are you attacking me?). It’s also used in health contexts, such as '면역 체계가 몸을 공격하다' (the immune system attacks the body).

"감기 바이러스가 우리 몸을 공격할 때 열이 납니다." (When cold viruses attack our bodies, we get a fever.)

From the screen of a smartphone to the shouting of a stadium, '공격' is a word that signals action, conflict, and the pursuit of a goal. Its presence in so many facets of life makes it a vital piece of the Korean linguistic puzzle.

While 공격 is a straightforward word, learners often make specific errors regarding its nuance, collocations, and confusion with similar-sounding or similar-meaning words.

1. Confusing '공격' (Attack) with '폭행' (Assault)

Learners sometimes use '공격' when they mean '폭행' (physical assault/battery). While '공격' can be physical, '폭행' is the specific legal and social term for hitting or physically harming someone. '공격' is broader and often strategic (like in a game or war), whereas '폭행' is usually a criminal act of violence against an individual.

❌ "그는 길에서 사람을 공격했어요." (He attacked a person on the street - sounds like a military move.)
✅ "그는 길에서 사람을 폭행했어요." (He assaulted a person on the street - correct for physical violence.)

2. Overusing '공격하다' for Simple Criticism

If someone simply disagrees with you, using '공격하다' might sound too strong. For mild criticism, words like 비판하다 (to criticize) or 지적하다 (to point out) are more appropriate. Use '공격' when the criticism is perceived as an intentional attempt to hurt or discredit.

비판 (Criticism)
Constructive or logical disagreement.
공격 (Attack)
Hostile or aggressive attempt to harm.

3. Incorrect Particle Usage

As mentioned before, '공격하다' takes the object particle 을/를. However, learners often mistakenly use 에게 (to) because they think of 'attacking TO someone.' In Korean, you attack the target directly as an object.

4. Confusion with '습격' (Surprise Attack)

'공격' is general. If the attack is a 'surprise' or a 'raid,' the word 습격 (Seup-gyeok) is much more precise. Using '공격' for a sudden midnight raid sounds a bit plain to a native speaker.

"적군이 밤에 마을을 습격했습니다." (The enemy raided the village at night.)

By avoiding these common pitfalls, your use of '공격' will sound more natural and precise. Remember to consider the intensity and the context (legal, social, or strategic) before choosing this word over its synonyms.

To truly master 공격, it is helpful to understand its synonyms and related terms. Korean has many words for 'attack' depending on the nuance of the action.

1. 습격 (Seup-gyeok) - Raid / Surprise Attack

This word emphasizes the element of surprise. While '공격' can be a long, drawn-out battle, '습격' is usually a sudden, unexpected strike. It is often used for animal attacks or sudden military raids.

"상어의 기습적인 습격이 있었습니다." (There was a sudden shark attack.)

2. 침공 (Chim-gong) - Invasion

This is used specifically when one country attacks another to take over territory. It is a large-scale '공격'. For example, '외계인의 침공' (alien invasion) or '역사적인 침공' (historical invasion).

공격 (Attack)
General term for any offensive action.
침공 (Invasion)
Attacking to occupy land or territory.

3. 비난 (Bi-nan) - Criticism / Blame

When the 'attack' is purely verbal and aimed at someone's character or actions, '비난' is often the better word. It translates to 'criticism' or 'condemnation.' If the attack is logical, use '비판' (criticism); if it's emotional or hostile, use '비난'.

"그는 대중의 비난을 받았습니다." (He was criticized by the public.)

4. 타격 (Ta-gyeok) - Blow / Hit

'타격' refers to the physical impact or the damage caused by an attack. In baseball, it means 'batting.' In business, it means a 'hit' to the economy. '공격' is the action; '타격' is the impact.

Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the most precise word for the situation. While '공격' is a safe 'umbrella' term, using '침공' for a war or '비난' for an argument will make your Korean sound much more sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Noun + 하다 (Verb formation)

Noun + 적이다 (Adjective formation)

Noun + 당하다 (Passive formation)

을/를 (Object particle)

에 대한 (Regarding/Against)

レベル別の例文

1

축구 선수가 공격을 해요.

The soccer player attacks.

공격(noun) + 을(object particle) + 해요(do/does).

2

사자가 공격해요.

The lion attacks.

Subject + 공격해요.

3

공격! 앞으로 가세요!

Attack! Go forward!

Imperative use of the noun.

4

게임에서 공격을 눌러요.

Press attack in the game.

공격을 누르다 (to press attack).

5

우리 팀의 공격입니다.

It is our team's attack.

Possessive marker '의'.

6

고양이가 장난감을 공격해요.

The cat attacks the toy.

Object marker '를'.

7

적의 공격을 피해요.

Avoid the enemy's attack.

피하다 (to avoid).

8

공격은 재미있어요.

Attacking is fun.

Topic marker '은'.

1

그 개는 사람을 공격하지 않아요.

That dog doesn't attack people.

Negation -지 않다.

2

우리 팀 공격수가 골을 넣었어요.

Our team's striker scored a goal.

공격수 (striker).

3

그는 가끔 공격적인 말을 해요.

He sometimes says aggressive things.

공격적인 (aggressive).

4

컴퓨터가 공격을 당했어요.

The computer was attacked.

공격을 당하다 (to be attacked).

5

공격보다 방어가 중요해요.

Defense is more important than attack.

Comparison marker '보다'.

6

상대방의 공격을 잘 막았어요.

We blocked the opponent's attack well.

막다 (to block).

7

공격 준비를 하세요.

Prepare for the attack.

준비 (preparation).

8

갑자기 공격을 받아서 놀랐어요.

I was surprised because I was suddenly attacked.

공격을 받다 (to receive an attack).

1

해커들이 은행 시스템을 공격했습니다.

Hackers attacked the bank system.

Formal past tense -았습니다.

2

이 마케팅 전략은 매우 공격적입니다.

This marketing strategy is very aggressive.

Adjective form -적이다.

3

그 기사는 정부에 대한 공격이었습니다.

That article was an attack on the government.

Noun + 에 대한 (about/against).

4

공격적인 투자는 위험할 수 있습니다.

Aggressive investing can be dangerous.

Can be... -ㄹ 수 있다.

5

우리는 새로운 시장을 공격적으로 개척해야 합니다.

We must aggressively pioneer new markets.

Adverbial form -적으로.

6

상대 팀의 공격 패턴을 분석합시다.

Let's analyze the opponent team's attack pattern.

분석하다 (to analyze).

7

그의 발언은 인신공격에 가까웠습니다.

His remarks were close to a personal attack.

인신공격 (personal attack).

8

바이러스가 세포를 공격하는 과정을 관찰했습니다.

I observed the process of the virus attacking cells.

Process -는 과정.

1

정치인들은 서로의 약점을 공격하기 바쁩니다.

Politicians are busy attacking each other's weaknesses.

Busy doing... -기 바쁘다.

2

그 성은 적의 공격에도 무너지지 않았습니다.

The castle did not fall even under the enemy's attack.

Even under... -에도.

3

공격적인 언행은 인간관계에 해롭습니다.

Aggressive words and actions are harmful to relationships.

Words and actions (언행).

4

회사는 경쟁사의 공격에 대응하기 위해 신제품을 출시했습니다.

The company released a new product to respond to the competitor's attack.

In order to... -기 위해.

5

언론의 무차별적인 공격이 시작되었습니다.

The media's indiscriminate attack has begun.

Indiscriminate (무차별적인).

6

공격과 방어의 균형이 중요합니다.

The balance between offense and defense is important.

Balance (균형).

7

그는 자신의 논리가 공격받자 당황했습니다.

He was flustered when his logic was attacked.

When... -자.

8

사이버 공격에 대비하여 보안을 강화해야 합니다.

We must strengthen security in preparation for cyber attacks.

In preparation for... -에 대비하여.

1

그 후보는 정책보다는 인신공격에 치중하고 있습니다.

That candidate is focusing more on personal attacks than on policies.

Focusing on... -에 치중하다.

2

면역 체계가 자기 자신을 공격하는 질환을 자가면역질환이라고 합니다.

Diseases where the immune system attacks itself are called autoimmune diseases.

Called... -라고 하다.

3

역사적으로 이 지역은 끊임없는 공격과 침략의 대상이었습니다.

Historically, this region has been the target of constant attacks and invasions.

Target of... -의 대상.

4

그의 문체는 매우 공격적이고 도발적입니다.

His writing style is very aggressive and provocative.

Writing style (문체).

5

기업들은 시장 점유율을 높이기 위해 공격적인 마케팅 공세를 펼치고 있습니다.

Companies are launching aggressive marketing offensives to increase market share.

To carry out an offensive (공세를 펼치다).

6

그 비판은 정당한 논리적 공격이라기보다 감정적인 배설에 가까웠다.

That criticism was more of an emotional venting than a legitimate logical attack.

Rather than... -라기보다.

7

적의 공격을 무력화하기 위해 전략적 요충지를 점령했습니다.

To neutralize the enemy's attack, they occupied a strategic stronghold.

To neutralize (무력화하다).

8

그의 침묵은 때로 가장 강력한 공격이 되기도 한다.

His silence sometimes becomes the most powerful attack.

Sometimes becomes... -이 되기도 한다.

1

다각적인 공격을 통해 적의 방어선을 와해시켰습니다.

They disintegrated the enemy's defense line through multifaceted attacks.

Multifaceted (다각적인), Disintegrate (와해시키다).

2

그 철학자의 사상은 당시 종교계로부터 거센 공격을 받았다.

The philosopher's ideas were fiercely attacked by the religious community of the time.

Fierce (거센).

3

사이버 공간에서의 공격은 이제 국가 안보의 핵심 과제가 되었다.

Attacks in cyberspace have now become a core task of national security.

Core task (핵심 과제).

4

그의 변론은 검찰의 공격을 조목조목 반박하며 전개되었다.

His defense unfolded by refuting the prosecution's attacks point by point.

Point by point (조목조목).

5

공격적 현실주의 이론에 따르면 국가는 권력 극대화를 추구한다.

According to the theory of offensive realism, states seek to maximize power.

Offensive Realism (공격적 현실주의).

6

언어적 공격은 보이지 않는 흉기와 다름없다.

Verbal attacks are no different from invisible weapons.

No different from... -와 다름없다.

7

상대의 허점을 찌르는 날카로운 공격이 승부를 결정지었다.

A sharp attack piercing the opponent's weak point decided the match.

To pierce a weak point (허점을 찌르다).

8

무차별적인 정보의 공격 속에서 우리는 진실을 가려내야 한다.

Amidst the indiscriminate attack of information, we must discern the truth.

To discern (가려내다).

よく使う組み合わせ

공격을 개시하다 (To start an attack)
공격을 막다 (To block an attack)
공격을 받다 (To be attacked)
공격을 당하다 (To suffer an attack)
공격적인 성격 (Aggressive personality)
공격적인 투자 (Aggressive investment)
사이버 공격 (Cyber attack)
인신 공격 (Personal attack)
공격력 (Attack power)
공격수 (Striker/Forward)

よく混同される語

공격 vs 폭행

Physical assault (criminal), while '공격' is a general attack.

공격 vs 비난

Verbal criticism, while '공격' can be physical or strategic.

공격 vs 습격

A surprise raid, while '공격' is any offensive action.

間違えやすい

공격 vs

공격 vs

공격 vs

공격 vs

공격 vs

文型パターン

使い方

nuance

Can be physical, verbal, or strategic.

frequency

Very high in sports and news.

collocation

Pairs well with '개시하다' (start) and '막다' (block).

よくある間違い
  • Using '공격' instead of '폭행' for physical assault.
  • Using '에게' instead of '을/를' with '공격하다'.
  • Overusing '공격적이다' for simple proactiveness.
  • Confusing '공격' (attack) with '공략' (capture/strategy).
  • Using '공격' for a mild disagreement.

ヒント

Object Marker

Always use the object marker 을/를 with 공격하다. Even if you think 'attack TO someone,' in Korean, you attack the person directly as an object. This is a common mistake for English speakers. Practice saying '적을 공격하다' (attack the enemy).

Sports Terms

Learn '공격수' (striker) and '수비수' (defender) together. These are essential for watching Korean sports broadcasts. You will also hear '공격권' which means possession of the ball. Knowing these will make sports news much easier to follow.

Military Influence

Many Korean men use military metaphors in daily life because of mandatory service. '공격' is one of those words. Don't be surprised if you hear it in a business meeting. It often just means 'taking the initiative' or 'being proactive.'

Attack Power

If you play games in Korean, look for '공격력' (ATK). It's usually represented by a sword icon. Knowing this word will help you navigate game menus. You might also see '치명타 공격' (critical attack).

Formal Synonyms

In formal writing, use '공세를 취하다' (to take the offensive) for a more sophisticated sound. It sounds more professional than just '공격하다.' This is great for business reports or academic papers. It shows a higher level of Korean proficiency.

Nuance of Aggression

Be careful calling someone '공격적' (aggressive). In Korea's polite society, this can be a strong insult. It implies the person is hostile or lacks self-control. Only use it if the person is truly being confrontational or in a competitive context.

News Keywords

When you hear '공격' on the news, listen for the prefix. '사이버' (cyber), '군사' (military), or '언어' (verbal). This will immediately tell you the context of the story. It's a high-frequency keyword in Korean news broadcasts.

The 'G' Sound

The second 'g' in '공격' (gyeok) is a bit sharper than the first one. This is because it follows the 'ng' sound. Try to make it sound like a light 'k'. Gong-kyeok. Practice saying it fast to sound like a native.

Best Defense

Remember the phrase '공격이 최선의 방어다.' It's the Korean version of 'The best defense is a good offense.' It's a common saying in sports, business, and even daily life. It's a great idiom to use in a conversation.

Passive Voice

Don't forget '공격당하다.' It's much more common than '공격받다' when the attack is sudden or negative. If a computer gets a virus, say '공격당했어요.' It sounds more natural to native ears.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Gong' being 'Struck' (Gyeok) to signal an attack.

語源

Sino-Korean

文化的な背景

Korea is the birthplace of professional gaming, where '공격력' is a key metric.

Military service makes terms like '공격' part of the common male vocabulary.

Korean political culture can be very confrontational, leading to frequent '인신공격' (personal attacks) in the media.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"어제 축구 경기에서 우리 팀 공격이 어땠어요? (How was our team's attack in yesterday's soccer match?)"

"게임할 때 공격이 좋아요, 방어가 좋아요? (When gaming, do you prefer offense or defense?)"

"요즘 사이버 공격이 너무 많아진 것 같아요. (It seems like there are too many cyber attacks these days.)"

"그 사람 너무 공격적으로 말하지 않아요? (Doesn't that person speak too aggressively?)"

"공격적인 투자가 수익이 높을까요? (Would aggressive investment yield higher returns?)"

日記のテーマ

오늘 내가 누군가에게 공격적인 태도를 보였는지 써보세요. (Write about whether you showed an aggressive attitude toward someone today.)

내가 좋아하는 스포츠 팀의 공격 전략에 대해 설명해보세요. (Explain the attack strategy of your favorite sports team.)

사이버 공격으로부터 내 정보를 어떻게 보호할 수 있을까요? (How can I protect my information from cyber attacks?)

살면서 가장 강력한 '말의 공격'을 받았던 기억이 있나요? (Do you remember the most powerful 'verbal attack' you've received in your life?)

공격과 방어 중 무엇이 더 중요하다고 생각하나요? (Which do you think is more important, offense or defense?)

よくある質問

10 問

No, in sports and business, being '공격적' (aggressive) is often seen as a positive, proactive trait. It implies taking the initiative to win. However, in social interactions, it is usually negative. Context is key to determining the nuance. In military terms, it is neutral-strategic.

'공격하다' is the active form, meaning 'to attack.' '공격당하다' is the passive form, meaning 'to be attacked.' You use '공격당하다' when you are the victim of a sudden or harmful action. For example, 'I was attacked by a dog' would use '공격당하다.' 'I attacked the enemy' would use '공격했다.'

Yes, '인신공격' (personal attack) is a very common term for attacking someone's character during an argument. You can also say '말공격' (verbal attack) in casual settings. It implies that the words were meant to hurt or discredit the other person. It is stronger than just 'disagreeing.' It suggests hostility.

It is '사이버 공격' (sa-i-beo gong-gyeok). This is a direct loanword from English combined with the Korean word for attack. It is used in news reports to describe hacking or digital sabotage. You might also hear '해킹 공격' (hacking attack). Both are widely understood.

'공격수' literally means 'attack person' and refers to a striker or forward. Their main job is to score goals. In contrast, a '수비수' is a defender. Midfielders are '미드필더.' '공격수' is one of the most prestigious positions in Korean sports culture.

Absolutely, it is one of the most common words in Korean gaming. '공격력' (Attack Power) is a standard stat in RPGs. Players use '공격' to command their characters to hit an enemy. In team games like LoL, '공격' is a call to start a fight. It's a vital word for any gamer.

The most direct opposite is '방어' (bang-eo), which means defense. In sports, '수비' (su-bi) is also used as the opposite of '공격.' While '방어' is general protection, '수비' is specifically the act of defending in a game or match. Both are important to know.

Yes, when an animal attacks a human or another animal, '공격' is used. For example, '곰이 사람을 공격했어요' (A bear attacked a person). In this context, it describes the physical act of pouncing or biting. It is a very natural way to describe animal behavior.

'인신공격' (in-sin-gong-gyeok) means 'personal attack' or 'ad hominem.' It refers to attacking a person's character or appearance rather than their argument. It is a common term in politics and debates. It is generally considered a logical fallacy and a rude behavior. Avoid doing this in Korean culture!

You can say '그는 성격이 공격적이에요' (He has an aggressive personality). This usually means he gets angry easily or likes to argue. It can also mean he is very proactive in business. If you want to be more polite, you might say '그는 매우 적극적이에요' (He is very active/proactive) instead.

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