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B2 noun #2,000 よく出る 7分で読める

마감

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解説 마감 in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of '마감' (ma-gam) simply as 'the end' or 'closing time.' You might see this word on a sign at a shop or a cafe. If a sign says '접수 마감,' it means they are not taking any more people. It is like saying 'No more' or 'Finished.' You can use it when you talk about a store closing for the day. For example, '오늘 마감했어요' means 'We are closed for today.' It is a useful word to know so you don't try to enter a place that is already finished with its work.
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At the A2 level, '마감' is often used with '시간' (time) or '일' (day). '마감 시간' means 'closing time' or 'deadline time.' You will hear this in restaurants or when you are shopping. For example, if you are at a department store, they might announce that it is almost '마감 시간.' Also, in simple tasks, you can use it to mean 'finishing.' If you are doing a small project, '마감' is the point where you stop working. It's more formal than '끝' (end) and is used in business or official situations.
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At the B1 level, you should understand '마감' as 'deadline.' This is very important for students and office workers. You will use phrases like '마감 기한' (deadline period) or '마감일' (deadline date). You might feel '마감에 쫓기다' (to be pressed for time/chased by a deadline). This level involves using '마감' to manage your schedule. You also start to see it in news contexts, like '증시 마감' (stock market closing). It's not just about a shop closing anymore; it's about the completion of a specific task within a set time.
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At the B2 level, '마감' takes on more specific meanings in professional fields. In construction or design, it refers to 'finishing' (마감재 - finishing materials). In journalism, it's the high-pressure 'deadline' for articles. You should be able to distinguish between '마감하다' (to close/finish) and '마감되다' (to be closed). You'll also encounter it in marketing, where '마감 임박' (deadline imminent) is used to create urgency. You can use the word to describe the final stages of a complex project, emphasizing the formal wrap-up and the finality of the process.
At the C1 level, you understand the nuanced difference between '마감' and its synonyms like '기한,' '종료,' and '만기.' You can use '마감' metaphorically to talk about 'closing a chapter of life' or 'ending a long-standing tradition.' You are comfortable with professional terms like '회계 마감' (accounting closing) or '법인세 마감.' You recognize that '마감' implies a sense of finality and official status. You can also discuss the '마감 품질' (finishing quality) of a product, referring to the attention to detail in the final stages of production.
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At the C2 level, '마감' is a tool for precise expression. You can use it in academic writing to describe the '마감' of a historical era or a philosophical movement. You understand its role in complex business structures, such as '연결 결산 마감' (consolidated financial closing). You can appreciate the word in literature, where it might symbolize the inevitable end of a journey or the finality of fate. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, employing the word with perfect register and collocations in any context, from high-stakes corporate negotiations to poetic reflections.
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마감 30秒で

  • 마감 (Magam) primarily means 'deadline' or 'closing' in professional and administrative contexts, indicating the final point of a time period.
  • It is commonly used with verbs like '하다' (to finish) and '되다' (to be closed/finished), and appears in terms like '마감일' (deadline date).
  • Beyond time, it also refers to the 'finishing' of physical objects, such as interior design materials or the final stages of construction.
  • Understanding '마감' is crucial for navigating Korean work culture, shopping (sold out), and official registrations where deadlines are strictly enforced.

The Korean word 마감 (Magam) is a multifaceted noun that primarily translates to 'deadline,' 'closing,' or 'finishing.' At its core, it signifies the point at which a specific period of time concludes or the act of bringing a task to its final state. Unlike the simple word '끝' (end), 마감 carries a nuance of formal completion, often associated with professional, academic, or administrative contexts. It is the boundary line that separates the period of activity from the period of result. When you hear 마감, you should visualize a gate closing or a clock striking the final second of a competition.

Temporal Boundary
It marks the absolute limit for submission or participation, such as a job application deadline.
Process Completion
It refers to the final touches put on a project, like '마감 작업' (finishing work).
Business Operations
In retail or finance, it refers to the daily closing of accounts or the end of a sales period.

In the context of journalism, 마감 is the 'deadline' for articles. For a reporter, the '마감 시간' (deadline time) is the most sacred and stressful part of the day. If an article is not finished by the 마감, it cannot be printed. This sense of urgency is a key component of the word's DNA. It is not just an 'end'; it is an 'end with consequences.'

이번 공모전의 마감은 내일 오후 5시입니다. (The deadline for this contest is tomorrow at 5 PM.)

오늘 업무 마감 전까지 보고서를 제출하세요. (Submit the report before the end of today's work.)

선착순 마감이니 서두르세요. (It's first-come, first-served, so hurry up.)

잡지 마감 때문에 정신이 없어요. (I'm frantic because of the magazine deadline.)

공사가 거의 마감 단계에 접어들었습니다. (The construction has almost reached the finishing stage.)

Furthermore, 마감 is used in interior design and construction to refer to 'finishing materials' (마감재). This shows that the word isn't just about time, but also about the physical completion of a surface or structure. Whether it is the final coat of paint or the final sentence of a novel, 마감 represents the transition from 'in progress' to 'done.'

Using 마감 correctly requires understanding its common verb pairings and noun combinations. It most frequently appears with the verbs 하다 (to do/finish) and 되다 (to be finished/closed). When you say '마감하다,' you are the active agent finishing the task. When you say '마감되다,' you are describing the state of the deadline having passed or the slots being filled.

마감하다 (Active)
Used when a person or organization closes something. '은행이 업무를 마감했다' (The bank closed its business for the day).
마감되다 (Passive)
Used when something reaches its limit. '신청이 마감되었습니다' (Applications are closed).
마감 짓다 (Idiomatic)
To wrap something up or bring it to a conclusion. '논쟁을 마감 짓다' (To put an end to a dispute).

In professional settings, you will often encounter compound nouns. 마감일 (deadline date) and 마감 시간 (deadline time) are essential for scheduling. If you are a writer, you live by the 원고 마감 (manuscript deadline). If you work in finance, you deal with 회계 마감 (accounting year-end closing). Understanding these compounds allows you to navigate specific industries with ease.

Another important usage is in the context of 'sold out' or 'fully booked.' In Korean, instead of just saying '매진' (sold out), services like classes, tours, or limited-time offers use 접수 마감 (registration closed) or 선착순 마감 (first-come-first-served closing). This implies that the opportunity is no longer available because the limit has been reached.

원고를 제때 마감하느라 밤을 새웠어요. (I stayed up all night to finish the manuscript on time.)

인기 있는 강의는 금방 마감되니 서둘러 신청하세요. (Popular lectures get closed quickly, so apply fast.)

마감 is a word you will hear in diverse environments, from the quiet halls of a library to the bustling floor of a stock exchange. In a typical office, the word is a constant shadow. Managers will ask, '마감 기한이 언제죠?' (When is the deadline?). This usage is strictly professional and carries the weight of responsibility. In journalism, '마감' is practically a lifestyle. Reporters often talk about '마감에 쫓기다' (being chased by the deadline), which perfectly describes the high-pressure environment of newsrooms.

In the world of shopping, especially on TV home shopping channels or online flash sales, you will hear the phrase '마감 임박!' (Deadline imminent!) shouted or displayed in bright red letters. This is designed to create a sense of urgency (FOMO - Fear Of Missing Out). Similarly, at a restaurant that has run out of ingredients, they might say '재료 소진으로 마감합니다' (We are closing due to lack of ingredients).

News & Media
'오늘의 증시 마감 상황입니다' (Here is today's stock market closing situation).
Education
'수강 신청 마감 10분 전입니다' (10 minutes before course registration closes).
Construction
'실내 마감 공사가 진행 중입니다' (Interior finishing work is in progress).

You might also hear it in a more abstract or poetic sense. A speaker at a funeral or a retirement ceremony might talk about '인생의 한 장을 마감하다' (closing a chapter of one's life). Here, 마감 takes on a dignified, reflective tone, suggesting a completed journey rather than just a stressful deadline.

One of the most common mistakes learners make is confusing 마감 with 끝. While both mean 'end,' 끝 is a general term for any termination, whereas 마감 implies a structured or official ending. For example, you wouldn't say '영화 마감' (movie deadline) unless you were talking about the deadline to submit a film to a festival. For the end of a movie, you say '영화가 끝났다.'

Another frequent error is using 마감 when 유효 기간 (expiration date) is more appropriate. 마감 refers to the act of closing a window of opportunity or finishing a task, while 유효 기간 refers to the date after which a product (like milk or a coupon) is no longer safe or valid. You don't '마감' milk; the milk '유통기한이 지나다' (passes its expiration date).

Wrong: 기한을 마감하다
Right: 기한을 지키다 (Keep the deadline) or 마감하다 (Finish/Close).
Wrong: 숙제 마감했어요
Right: 숙제를 끝냈어요 (Finished homework) or 숙제 마감 기한을 맞췄어요 (Met the homework deadline).

Learners also sometimes struggle with the particle usage. It is '마감에 쫓기다' (chased at/by the deadline), not '마감을 쫓다' (chasing the deadline - which would mean you are pursuing the deadline itself, rather than being pressured by it).

To truly master 마감, you must understand how it relates to its synonyms. The most common related word is 기한 (Gihan). While 마감 is the 'closing point,' 기한 is the 'time limit.' You set a 기한, and when that 기한 is reached, the 마감 occurs. Another similar word is 종료 (Jongryo), which means 'termination' or 'end.' 종료 is often used for technical processes, like '프로그램 종료' (closing a program) or '경기 종료' (end of a match).

완료 (Wanryo)
Completion. Focuses on the fact that the work is 100% done. '준비 완료' (Preparation complete).
만기 (Mangi)
Expiration/Maturity. Specifically used for contracts, insurance, or bank accounts. '적금 만기' (Maturity of a savings account).
결말 (Gyeolmal)
The conclusion or ending of a story or situation. '소설의 결말' (The ending of the novel).

In the context of finishing a physical object, 마무리 (Mamuri) is a close synonym. 마무리 is more colloquial and focuses on the 'wrap-up' phase. You might '마무리하다' a speech or a meal. 마감 sounds more formal and final. If you are building a house, the 마무리 is the cleaning and final checks, while the 마감 is the actual installation of the final materials.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

-기 전 (Before doing - used with 마감 전)

-기까지 (Until doing - used with 마감까지)

Passive voice -되다

Noun compounding rules

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レベル別の例文

1

오늘 영업 마감했습니다.

We have closed business for today.

마감 + 했다 (Past tense)

2

마감 시간이 몇 시예요?

What time is the closing time?

Noun + 이다 (To be)

3

신청 마감이에요.

Registration is closed.

Noun + 이다

4

마감 5분 전입니다.

It is 5 minutes before closing.

Time + 전 (Before)

5

이거 마감됐어요?

Is this closed/finished?

Passive form -되다

6

빨리 마감하세요.

Please finish/close quickly.

Honorific imperative -세요

7

마감은 내일입니다.

The deadline is tomorrow.

Topic marker -은

8

벌써 마감이에요?

Is it closed already?

Adverb 벌써 (Already)

1

백화점 마감 세일을 해요.

The department store is having a closing sale.

Noun compounding

2

접수 마감일을 확인하세요.

Please check the registration deadline date.

Object marker -를

3

은행 업무 마감은 4시예요.

Bank business closing is at 4 o'clock.

Specific time usage

4

이 수업은 이미 마감되었어요.

This class is already closed/full.

Past passive -되었다

5

마감 시간까지 제출해 주세요.

Please submit it by the deadline time.

-까지 (Until)

6

오늘 마감은 제가 할게요.

I will do the closing today.

Future intention -(으)ㄹ게요

7

마감 후에 만나요.

Let's meet after closing.

Noun + 후에 (After)

8

마감 소식을 들었어요.

I heard the news of the closing.

Noun + 소식 (News)

1

보고서 마감 기한이 너무 짧아요.

The report deadline is too short.

Adjective modifier

2

마감에 쫓겨서 잠을 못 잤어요.

I couldn't sleep because I was chased by the deadline.

Reasoning -어서

3

이벤트가 선착순으로 마감됩니다.

The event will be closed on a first-come, first-served basis.

Adverbial -으로

4

원고 마감을 지키는 것이 중요해요.

It is important to keep the manuscript deadline.

Gerund -는 것

5

마감 임박 상품을 확인해 보세요.

Check out the items with imminent deadlines.

Noun + 임박 (Imminent)

6

회의를 마감하고 점심을 먹으러 가요.

Let's wrap up the meeting and go eat lunch.

Sequential -고

7

마감 처리할 서류가 많아요.

There are many documents to process for closing.

Future modifier -(으)ㄹ

8

올해 회계 마감을 준비 중입니다.

We are preparing for this year's accounting closing.

-중이다 (In the middle of)

1

잡지 마감 기간에는 다들 예민해요.

Everyone is sensitive during the magazine deadline period.

Time context -에는

2

공사의 마감 상태가 아주 깔끔하네요.

The finishing state of the construction is very clean.

Exclamatory -네요

3

증시가 하락세로 마감했습니다.

The stock market closed with a downward trend.

Financial register

4

그는 선수 생활을 화려하게 마감했다.

He finished his career as a player brilliantly.

Metaphorical usage

5

마감재 선택이 인테리어의 핵심이에요.

The choice of finishing materials is the key to interior design.

Technical term: 마감재

6

접수가 마감되었으니 양해 바랍니다.

Registration is closed, so we ask for your understanding.

Formal request

7

마감 시간을 어기면 불이익이 있습니다.

There are disadvantages if you break the deadline.

Conditional -(으)면

8

프로젝트를 성공적으로 마감하게 되어 기쁩니다.

I am glad to have successfully finished the project.

Resultative -게 되어

1

이번 분기 결산 마감이 늦어지고 있습니다.

The closing of this quarter's accounts is being delayed.

Progressive -고 있다

2

디테일한 마감 처리가 제품의 가치를 높입니다.

Detailed finishing increases the value of the product.

Causative nuance

3

그 작가는 일생을 고독하게 마감했다.

The author ended his life in solitude.

Euphemism for death

4

마감 시한을 연장해 달라는 요청이 쇄도했다.

Requests to extend the deadline flooded in.

Advanced vocabulary: 쇄도

5

예산 마감 전까지 모든 지출을 보고하세요.

Report all expenditures before the budget closing.

Administrative context

6

그는 논란 속에서 임기를 마감했다.

He ended his term amidst controversy.

Political register

7

마감 직전의 긴장감은 말로 표현하기 힘들다.

The tension just before the deadline is hard to express in words.

Abstract noun usage

8

건축물의 외벽 마감이 독특하게 설계되었다.

The exterior wall finishing of the building was uniquely designed.

Passive -되었다

1

한 시대의 마감은 새로운 시대의 서막이다.

The end of an era is the prelude to a new one.

Philosophical parallel

2

철저한 마감 관리가 기업의 신뢰도를 결정한다.

Thorough deadline management determines a company's reliability.

Management register

3

그는 자신의 철학적 사유를 이 책으로 마감했다.

He concluded his philosophical thoughts with this book.

Intellectual context

4

연결 재무제표의 마감 작업은 매우 복잡하다.

The closing work for consolidated financial statements is very complex.

High-level finance

5

마감 시한의 압박이 창의성을 저해할 수도 있다.

The pressure of deadlines can sometimes hinder creativity.

Abstract discussion

6

정부는 이번 사태를 조속히 마감 짓겠다고 발표했다.

The government announced it would quickly bring this situation to a close.

Idiomatic: 마감 짓다

7

삶의 마감 앞에서 그는 평온해 보였다.

He looked peaceful in the face of the end of his life.

Existential context

8

모든 공정의 마감 데이터가 시스템에 입력되었다.

Closing data for all processes has been entered into the system.

Technical/Data context

類義語

기한 종료 끝

反対語

시작 개시

よく使う組み合わせ

마감 임박 (Deadline imminent)
원고 마감 (Manuscript deadline)
접수 마감 (Registration closed)
마감 기한 (Deadline period)
마감 시간 (Closing time)
업무 마감 (Business closing)
선착순 마감 (First-come-first-served)
마감일 (Deadline date)
마감재 (Finishing material)
마감 뉴스 (Closing news)

よく使うフレーズ

마감에 쫓기다 (To be chased by a deadline)
마감을 지키다 (To keep a deadline)
마감을 어기다 (To miss a deadline)
마감 짓다 (To bring to a close)
마감 단계 (Finishing stage)
오늘 마감입니다 (It's the deadline today)
이미 마감되었습니다 (It's already closed)
마감 세일 (Closing sale)
마감 직전 (Just before the deadline)
연말 마감 (Year-end closing)

よく混同される語

마감 vs 기한

Gihan is the 'time limit' (duration), Magam is the 'closing act' (point).

마감 vs 만기

Mangi is for contracts/insurance expiration; Magam is for tasks/deadlines.

마감 vs 종료

Jongryo is general termination (often technical); Magam is procedural closing.

慣用句と表現

"마감의 압박 (The pressure of the deadline)"
"인생을 마감하다 (To end one's life/pass away)"
"한 장을 마감하다 (To close a chapter)"
"대단원의 마감 (The grand finale/closing)"
"마감의 늪 (The swamp of deadlines - meaning endless work)"
"마감의 요정 (Deadline fairy - someone who helps finish on time)"
"마감 사수 (Defending the deadline - finishing at all costs)"
"마감 턱밑 (Right under the nose of the deadline)"
"마감 투혼 (Fighting spirit to meet a deadline)"
"마감의 기적 (The miracle of finishing just in time)"

間違えやすい

마감 vs

마감 vs

마감 vs

마감 vs

마감 vs

文型パターン

語族

名詞

마감재 (Finishing material)
마감일 (Deadline date)
마감 시한 (Deadline limit)

動詞

마감하다 (To finish/close)
마감되다 (To be finished/closed)

形容詞

마감된 (Closed/Finished)
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使い方

Nuance

마감 is more formal than 끝.

Professionalism

Always use 마감 in business reports regarding deadlines.

Physical vs Temporal

It can mean both 'time limit' and 'physical finish'.

よくある間違い
  • Using '마감' for a movie or book ending (Use '끝' or '결말').
  • Confusing '마감' with '유통기한' (expiration date for food).
  • Saying '마감을 쫓다' instead of '마감에 쫓기다'.
  • Using '마감' for a simple break in a conversation.
  • Forgetting to use '되다' for passive situations like 'The class is closed'.

ヒント

Learn Compounds

Learn 마감 with '일' (day) or '시간' (time) immediately.

Respect Deadlines

In Korea, meeting a '마감' is a sign of great reliability.

Don't Panic

'마감 임박' is often a marketing tactic, so check carefully.

Passive vs Active

Use '마감되다' when talking about something being full/closed.

Accounting

'결산 마감' is a key term if you work in a Korean office.

Finishing

'마감재' refers to the visible final materials in a house.

Daily Closing

Ask '마감 언제예요?' when entering a shop late at night.

Formal Tone

Use '마감' in essays to describe the end of an era.

News Context

Listen for '마감' to hear how the stock market performed.

Magam = Magazine

Magazines have the most famous deadlines (Magam).

暗記しよう

記憶術

MAGAM: My Action Gets All Managed by the deadline.

語源

Native Korean / Sino-Korean hybrid influence

文化的な背景

University course registration is a 'war' of '마감' where slots fill in seconds.

Employees often stay late during '마감 기간' (closing periods).

The '마감' culture is legendary, with reporters working in 'deadline mode' for hours.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"보고서 마감 언제예요? (When is the report deadline?)"

"그 강의 벌써 마감됐나요? (Is that lecture already closed?)"

"마감 세일 품목이 뭐예요? (What are the closing sale items?)"

"마감에 쫓겨본 적 있어요? (Have you ever been chased by a deadline?)"

"오늘 업무 마감 몇 시예요? (What time is work closing today?)"

日記のテーマ

오늘 내가 마감한 일들에 대해 써보세요. (Write about the tasks you finished today.)

마감 기한이 주는 스트레스를 어떻게 관리하나요? (How do you manage deadline stress?)

내 인생에서 마감하고 싶은 습관이 있나요? (Is there a habit you want to end in your life?)

가장 기억에 남는 '마감 직전'의 순간은? (What is your most memorable 'just before deadline' moment?)

마감이 없는 삶은 어떨까요? (What would a life without deadlines be like?)

よくある質問

10 問

No, it also refers to the final physical finish of something, like interior design '마감재'.

Yes, but '숙제 마감 기한' or '숙제 끝' is more common depending on the context.

It means the sale or the product availability is about to end very soon.

It refers to the closing price or the state of the market at the end of the trading day.

Yes, '생을 마감하다' is a formal way to say someone passed away.

Magam is more formal/final; Mamuri is more about the 'wrap-up' process.

Usually '경기 종료' is used for the end of a game, but '접수 마감' is used for tournament entry.

No, use '끝' or '결말' for a movie or story.

It is the final news broadcast of the day, summarizing all events.

It is often treated as native, though it has conceptual roots in Chinese characters (末勘).

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