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A1 noun #1,200 よく出る 12分で読める

saúde

上位1,200

練習する例文メモとヒント saúde 30秒で

解説 saúde in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to 'saúde' as a basic, essential noun meaning 'health'. The focus is on immediate, practical uses. You learn to recognize it in simple phrases like 'boa saúde' (good health) and 'má saúde' (bad health). Crucially, A1 learners must master the social etiquette associated with the word: saying 'Saúde!' when someone sneezes, which is equivalent to 'Bless you' in English. You also learn to use it as a simple toast, raising a glass and saying 'Saúde!' (Cheers!). Grammatically, the focus is on recognizing that it is a feminine noun, requiring the article 'a' (a saúde) and feminine adjectives. You will practice simple sentences using the verb 'ter' (to have), such as 'Eu tenho boa saúde' (I have good health). Understanding these basic social and literal functions provides a strong foundation for everyday interactions in Portuguese-speaking environments.

At the A2 level, the understanding of 'saúde' expands into more practical daily contexts, particularly concerning personal care and basic medical situations. Learners start combining the word with the verb 'cuidar' (to take care), learning the essential phrase 'cuidar da saúde' (to take care of one's health). You will be able to describe basic routines, such as eating well or exercising, as ways to maintain health. The vocabulary broadens to include compound nouns like 'posto de saúde' (local health clinic) and 'plano de saúde' (health insurance), which are vital for navigating life in a Portuguese-speaking country. You also learn to differentiate the noun 'saúde' from the adjective 'saudável' (healthy), avoiding the common beginner mistake of using the noun to describe healthy food or habits. Conversations at this level involve expressing how you feel and understanding simple advice from a doctor or pharmacist regarding your well-being.

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At the B1 level, learners can discuss 'saúde' in more abstract and detailed ways. The focus shifts from basic physical states to encompassing mental and emotional well-being, introducing terms like 'saúde mental' (mental health) and 'saúde pública' (public health). You are expected to articulate opinions on lifestyle choices, diets, and the importance of work-life balance for maintaining overall health. At this stage, you can understand and participate in conversations about the healthcare system, comparing public and private options (like the SUS in Brazil or SNS in Portugal). The vocabulary becomes more nuanced, allowing you to discuss recovering from illness ('recuperar a saúde') or the negative impacts of stress. You can also read and comprehend short articles or news segments about health trends, demonstrating an ability to grasp the broader societal implications of the word beyond personal immediate needs.

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At the B2 level, 'saúde' is used fluently in complex discussions and professional contexts. Learners can debate public health policies, healthcare funding, and societal health crises with relative ease. You understand idiomatic expressions and metaphorical uses of the word, such as discussing the 'saúde financeira' (financial health) of a company or the 'saúde' of an ecosystem. Your vocabulary includes specialized medical terminology, allowing you to describe symptoms, treatments, and medical procedures accurately. You can write detailed essays or reports on health-related topics, using a variety of synonyms like 'bem-estar' (well-being) to avoid repetition. At this level, you are comfortable navigating complex bureaucratic situations related to health insurance or hospital admissions, understanding the nuances of formal Portuguese used in medical and administrative settings.

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At the C1 level, the mastery of 'saúde' is near-native. You can engage in highly abstract, academic, or philosophical discussions about the concept of health. This includes analyzing the intersection of health with socioeconomic status, environmental factors, and global politics. You effortlessly use complex grammatical structures and idiomatic phrases related to health in both formal and informal registers. Your comprehension extends to reading medical journals, legal documents regarding healthcare, and classic literature where health or illness plays a thematic role. You can subtly adjust your tone when discussing sensitive health issues, demonstrating high cultural competence and empathy. The word is fully integrated into your vocabulary, allowing you to use it metaphorically in any domain, from economics to psychology, with complete accuracy and natural flow.

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At the C2 level, your understanding and application of 'saúde' are indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You possess a deep awareness of the historical and cultural evolution of healthcare systems in Portuguese-speaking countries. You can deconstruct complex public health legislation, critique medical ethics, and engage in sophisticated debates on the future of global health. You are familiar with regional slang, archaic uses, and highly specialized jargon related to the medical field. Your ability to play with the language allows you to create your own metaphors using the concept of health. You understand the deepest cultural nuances, such as the subtle differences in how health is perceived and discussed across different generations and regions within Brazil, Portugal, and other Lusophone nations. The word is a tool for nuanced expression across all conceivable contexts.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

saúde 30秒で

Means 'health' (physical/mental).
Say it when someone sneezes.
Say it to toast ('Cheers!').
Always feminine ('a saúde').

The Portuguese word saúde is one of the most fundamental and frequently used nouns in the language. At its core, it translates directly to 'health' in English, referring to the physical, mental, and social well-being of an individual, rather than merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Understanding how and when to use this word is essential for anyone learning Portuguese, as it permeates daily conversations, formal medical discussions, and deeply ingrained cultural traditions.

Literal Meaning: In its most literal sense, saúde refers to the physiological and psychological state of a living organism. When you visit a doctor, discuss your diet, or talk about exercise, you are discussing your saúde. It is a feminine noun, so it is always preceded by feminine articles and adjectives, such as 'a saúde' (the health) or 'boa saúde' (good health).

O médico disse que a minha saúde está perfeita após os exames.

Beyond the literal medical definition, the word takes on significant social functions. One of the most common everyday uses of the word is as a polite response when someone sneezes. In English, you would say 'bless you', but in Portuguese, you simply say 'saúde', wishing the person good health to ward off whatever illness might have caused the sneeze. This is a reflex for native speakers and is expected in both formal and informal situations.

Social Etiquette (Sneezing): When someone sneezes, it is customary to immediately say 'Saúde!'. The person who sneezed will typically reply with 'Obrigado' or 'Obrigada' (thank you). This tradition dates back centuries to times when a sneeze was considered a first sign of severe illness.

Atchim! — Saúde! — Muito obrigada.

Another incredibly common social use of the word is during toasts. When raising a glass to celebrate an event, honor a person, or simply enjoy a drink with friends, Portuguese speakers will clink their glasses and say 'Saúde!'. This is equivalent to 'Cheers!' in English. Sometimes it is expanded to 'À nossa saúde!' (To our health!). This usage highlights the cultural value placed on well-being as the ultimate blessing to wish upon oneself and others.

Celebratory Toasting: Used exactly like 'Cheers', raising a glass and saying 'Saúde' is mandatory in social drinking contexts. It reflects a communal wish for longevity and happiness.

Vamos brindar ao novo ano. Saúde a todos!

Um brinde à nossa amizade e à nossa saúde!

Furthermore, the concept of health is often used metaphorically to describe the robustness or vitality of non-living things, such as the economy, a business, or an ecosystem. For instance, economists might discuss 'a saúde financeira' (the financial health) of a company. This demonstrates the versatility of the word and its foundational role in expressing stability and proper functioning across various domains of life. Whether you are at a clinic, a bar, or a business meeting, knowing how to use this word correctly will significantly enhance your fluency and cultural integration.

A saúde da economia nacional está melhorando este ano.

Using the word saúde correctly in sentences requires an understanding of its grammatical properties and the specific verbs and prepositions that commonly accompany it. Because it is a feminine singular noun, any adjectives modifying it must also be feminine and singular. The most common verbs used with this noun are 'ter' (to have), 'cuidar' (to take care of), 'perder' (to lose), and 'recuperar' (to recover). Let us explore how these combinations work in practical, everyday sentences.

Using with the verb TER (To Have): In Portuguese, you 'have' health. You can have good health (boa saúde), bad health (má saúde), or a lot of health (muita saúde). This is the most direct way to describe someone's physical state.

O meu avô tem oitenta anos e ainda tem muita saúde.

Infelizmente, ela não tem tido boa saúde ultimamente.

Another crucial verb is 'cuidar' (to take care). When you talk about taking care of your health, you must use the preposition 'de'. Since the noun is feminine and usually takes the definite article 'a', the preposition 'de' combines with 'a' to form 'da'. Therefore, the phrase is always 'cuidar da saúde'. This structure is essential for discussing lifestyle choices, diets, and exercise routines.

Using with the verb CUIDAR (To Take Care): The construction 'cuidar da saúde' translates to 'taking care of one's health'. It is a highly frequent collocation used in advice, medical contexts, and personal resolutions.

É muito importante cuidar da saúde mental, não apenas da física.

Eu comecei a correr todos os dias para cuidar melhor da minha saúde.

When discussing public systems or general well-being, the word often appears without a possessive pronoun. For example, 'O Ministério da Saúde' (The Ministry of Health) or 'planos de saúde' (health insurance plans). In these cases, it functions as an abstract noun representing the entire sector or concept of healthcare. Understanding these sentence structures allows learners to navigate both personal conversations about feeling unwell and broader discussions about societal infrastructure.

Compound Nouns and Institutional Use: The word is frequently used to form compound concepts related to the medical industry, such as 'posto de saúde' (health clinic) or 'seguro de saúde' (health insurance).

Ela trabalha como enfermeira no posto de saúde do bairro.

The word saúde is ubiquitous in Portuguese-speaking environments, but the context in which you hear it dramatically changes its implied meaning and the expected response. From the sterile halls of a hospital to the lively atmosphere of a local bar, this word adapts to fit the social situation perfectly. Let us break down the primary environments where you will encounter this essential vocabulary word.

Medical and Clinical Settings: Naturally, the most literal use of the word occurs in hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies. Here, doctors will ask about your 'estado de saúde' (state of health), and pharmacists might recommend vitamins to improve your well-being. In Brazil, you will frequently hear about the SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde), the public healthcare system, while in Portugal, the equivalent is the SNS (Serviço Nacional de Saúde).

O paciente está em bom estado de saúde e terá alta amanhã.

O Sistema Único de saúde oferece vacinas gratuitas para a população.

Moving away from medical environments, the word is a staple of social gatherings, particularly those involving food and drink. Whether you are at a churrasco (barbecue) in Brazil or a tasca (traditional tavern) in Portugal, raising a glass of beer, wine, or even juice is almost always accompanied by the word. It is a unifying exclamation that brings people together, emphasizing shared joy and the mutual desire for a long, happy life.

Bars, Restaurants, and Parties: In these settings, the word functions exclusively as an interjection meaning 'Cheers!'. It is often shouted enthusiastically over the clinking of glasses. Failing to say it during a toast can sometimes be seen as slightly rude or socially awkward.

Levantem os copos! Saúde aos noivos!

Garçom, mais uma rodada, por favor. Saúde, pessoal!

Finally, you will hear this word constantly in everyday, mundane interactions, specifically when someone sneezes. Whether you are in an office, on a bus, or walking down the street, if someone sneezes audibly, it is almost a reflex for nearby Portuguese speakers to say the word. It is a small but significant social glue that demonstrates politeness and awareness of others. You might even hear strangers say it to you if you sneeze in a public place.

Everyday Public Spaces: Used as a polite reflex to a sneeze, similar to 'Gesundheit' in German or 'Bless you' in English. It is a secular way of wishing someone well when they show a potential sign of illness.

*Espirro no ônibus* — Saúde! — Obrigada, moço.

While saúde is a beginner-friendly word, English speakers frequently make a few specific errors when incorporating it into their Portuguese vocabulary. These mistakes usually stem from direct translation issues, confusion with similar-sounding words, or misunderstanding the grammatical gender of the noun. By being aware of these pitfalls, you can sound much more natural and fluent.

Mistake 1: Gender Agreement with 'Muito': Because the word ends in 'e', many learners assume it is masculine or forget its gender entirely. This leads to the common mistake of saying 'muito saúde' (a lot of health). Since the noun is feminine, the correct quantifier is 'muita'. Always remember: 'muita saúde', 'boa saúde', 'nossa saúde'.

INCORRECT: Eu desejo a você muito saúde.

CORRECT: Eu desejo a você muita saúde.

Another major point of confusion is using the noun when an adjective is required. In English, we might say 'I eat health food' or 'That is a health hazard', using the noun as a modifier. In Portuguese, you must use the adjective 'saudável' (healthy) to describe things that promote well-being. You cannot say 'comida saúde' for healthy food; it must be 'comida saudável'.

Mistake 2: Confusing the Noun with the Adjective: Do not use the noun to describe something that is good for you. Use the adjective 'saudável'. The noun is the state of being; the adjective describes the quality of promoting that state.

INCORRECT: Eu tenho um estilo de vida saúde.

CORRECT: Eu tenho um estilo de vida saudável.

Finally, a less common but still notable mistake is confusing the word with 'saudade'. While they share the first four letters, their meanings are entirely different. 'Saudade' is a deep emotional state of nostalgic longing for something or someone absent, whereas our target word refers to physical or mental well-being. Mixing these up in a hospital or during a toast can lead to very confusing, albeit sometimes poetic, misunderstandings.

Mistake 3: Lexical Confusion with 'Saudade': Pay close attention to the ending of the word. The '-de' ending is short, while '-dade' adds an extra syllable and completely changes the meaning to longing or missing someone.

Preste atenção à pronúncia para não pedir 'saudade' no hospital em vez de saúde.

While saúde is the most direct and common translation for 'health', the Portuguese language offers several related terms and alternatives that can add nuance to your vocabulary. Depending on the context—whether you are discussing general happiness, physical fitness, or mental clarity—using a synonym can make your speech more precise and sophisticated. Let us explore some of the most useful alternatives and when to use them.

Bem-estar (Well-being): This is perhaps the closest and most common synonym. 'Bem-estar' literally translates to 'well-being'. It is often used in broader contexts than pure medical health, encompassing comfort, happiness, and quality of life. You will frequently see this word in the context of spas, yoga, mental health discussions, and lifestyle magazines.

O yoga é excelente para o bem-estar físico e mental, complementando a sua saúde.

Sanidade (Sanity): When specifically discussing mental health, 'sanidade' is sometimes used, though it leans more towards the legal or clinical definition of sanity. It is less common in everyday conversation than 'saúde mental', but it is an important cognate to recognize. It refers strictly to the soundness of mind.

Após tanto estresse no trabalho, ele começou a questionar a sua própria sanidade, não apenas a sua saúde.

If you are talking about physical fitness rather than the absence of disease, you might use terms related to physical form. While a doctor checks your health, a personal trainer focuses on your physical condition. Understanding the distinction between these concepts is key to fluent communication in fitness and medical contexts.

Forma física (Physical fitness / Shape): This phrase is used when talking about being 'in shape'. A person can have good general health but poor 'forma física' if they do not exercise. Conversely, athletes focus heavily on their 'forma física' to maintain their overall well-being.

Ele vai à academia todos os dias para manter a forma física e proteger a saúde.

A minha saúde está boa, mas preciso melhorar a minha forma física.

Finally, the word 'higiene' (hygiene) is related but distinct. While hygiene practices are essential for maintaining good health, the word itself refers to the practices of cleanliness rather than the resulting state of the body. You maintain good 'higiene' to protect your 'saúde'. Knowing these related terms will help you navigate pharmacies, gyms, and doctors' offices with confidence and precision.

A boa higiene é o primeiro passo para uma boa saúde.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Because 'salus' meant both 'health' and 'greeting' in Latin (wishing someone health), the Portuguese verb 'saudar' (to greet) shares the exact same root as 'saúde'. When you greet someone, you are historically wishing them health.

発音ガイド

UK /sɐˈu.dɨ/

US /saˈu.dʒi/

sa-Ú-de (The stress is on the second syllable, indicated by the acute accent on the 'u').

韻が合う語

açude virtude juventude atitude quietude amplitude magnitude plenitude

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as two syllables (sau-de) instead of three (sa-u-de). The accent on the 'u' breaks the diphthong.
In Brazil, forgetting to palatalize the 'de' into a 'jee' sound, which sounds unnatural to locals.
In Portugal, pronouncing the final 'e' too strongly. It should be almost swallowed.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable (SA-u-de).
Confusing the pronunciation with 'saudade', which has four syllables.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize, similar to Spanish 'salud'.

ライティング 2/5

Easy, but learners often forget the acute accent on the 'u'.

スピーキング 3/5

The pronunciation of the hiatus (sa-ú-de) and the Brazilian 'de' (dʒi) can be tricky for beginners.

リスニング 2/5

Usually spoken clearly, but in fast speech, the final 'e' might disappear entirely.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

bom mau ter corpo vida

次に学ぶ

saudável doença médico hospital cuidar

上級

sanidade insalubre salutar bem-estar profilaxia

知っておくべき文法

Feminine Noun Agreement

A saúde (The health), Boa saúde (Good health), Muita saúde (A lot of health).

Preposition 'de' + Definite Article 'a' (da)

Cuidar da saúde (To take care of the health).

Preposition 'a' + Definite Article 'a' (Crasis: à)

Fazer mal à saúde (To be bad for the health).

Hiatus Accentuation

The 'u' receives an accent because it forms a hiatus with the 'a' (sa-ú-de), standing alone in its syllable.

Noun vs. Adjective Usage

Use 'saúde' (noun) for the state of being, and 'saudável' (adjective) to describe things that promote it (comida saudável).

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レベル別の例文

A minha saúde é boa.

My health is good.

Uses the feminine article 'A' and feminine adjective 'boa'.

Atchim! — Saúde!

Achoo! — Bless you!

Used as an interjection.

Um brinde! Saúde!

A toast! Cheers!

Used as an interjection for toasting.

Eu tenho muita saúde.

I have a lot of health.

Uses 'muita' to agree with the feminine noun.

Ele não tem saúde.

He does not have health.

Basic negation with the verb 'ter'.

Beba água para a saúde.

Drink water for health.

Preposition 'para' + definite article 'a'.

A saúde vem primeiro.

Health comes first.

Noun used as the subject of the sentence.

Desejo-te muita saúde.

I wish you a lot of health.

Common phrase for birthdays and new years.

Eu preciso cuidar da minha saúde.

I need to take care of my health.

Verb 'cuidar' requires preposition 'de' (de + a = da).

O posto de saúde fica perto daqui.

The health clinic is near here.

Compound noun 'posto de saúde'.

Ela comprou um plano de saúde.

She bought a health insurance plan.

Compound noun 'plano de saúde'.

Fumar faz mal à saúde.

Smoking is bad for your health.

Expression 'fazer mal a' with crasis (à).

O médico perguntou sobre a minha saúde.

The doctor asked about my health.

Preposition 'sobre' used with the noun.

Caminhar é bom para a saúde.

Walking is good for health.

Infinitive verb as subject, describing a healthy habit.

Ele perdeu a saúde trabalhando muito.

He lost his health working too much.

Verb 'perder' used with the noun.

A saúde pública é importante.

Public health is important.

Adjective 'pública' agreeing with the feminine noun.

A saúde mental é tão importante quanto a física.

Mental health is as important as physical health.

Comparative structure 'tão... quanto'.

O Ministério da Saúde anunciou novas medidas.

The Ministry of Health announced new measures.

Capitalized as part of an official institution name.

Ele está tentando recuperar a saúde após a cirurgia.

He is trying to recover his health after the surgery.

Verb 'recuperar' indicating returning to a healthy state.

O estresse afeta negativamente a nossa saúde.

Stress negatively affects our health.

Adverb modifying the verb that impacts the noun.

Eles brindaram à saúde dos recém-casados.

They toasted to the health of the newlyweds.

Verb 'brindar' + preposition 'a' with crasis (à).

Uma dieta equilibrada promove a boa saúde.

A balanced diet promotes good health.

Formal vocabulary 'promover'.

Problemas de saúde podem surgir com a idade.

Health problems can arise with age.

Plural compound 'problemas de saúde'.

A falta de sono prejudica a saúde.

Lack of sleep harms health.

Verb 'prejudicar' used for negative impact.

O sistema de saúde do país está sobrecarregado.

The country's healthcare system is overwhelmed.

Complex subject 'sistema de saúde'.

A saúde financeira da empresa é preocupante.

The financial health of the company is worrying.

Metaphorical use of the word applied to economics.

Os cortes no orçamento afetaram os profissionais de saúde.

Budget cuts affected healthcare professionals.

Phrase 'profissionais de saúde'.

É fundamental investir na prevenção para garantir a saúde a longo prazo.

It is fundamental to invest in prevention to guarantee long-term health.

Advanced sentence structure with multiple infinitives.

A Organização Mundial da Saúde emitiu um alerta global.

The World Health Organization issued a global alert.

Proper noun phrase (OMS).

Ele tem um histórico familiar de problemas de saúde cardíaca.

He has a family history of heart health problems.

Complex noun phrase with multiple modifiers.

A poluição do ar é uma grave ameaça à saúde pública.

Air pollution is a serious threat to public health.

Noun phrase 'ameaça à'.

Eles debateram as implicações éticas das novas políticas de saúde.

They debated the ethical implications of the new health policies.

Abstract discussion context.

A resiliência do ecossistema é um indicador da sua saúde ambiental.

The resilience of the ecosystem is an indicator of its environmental health.

Metaphorical use applied to ecology.

As disparidades na prestação de cuidados de saúde refletem desigualdades socioeconômicas profundas.

Disparities in healthcare provision reflect deep socioeconomic inequalities.

Academic vocabulary and complex syntax.

O conceito de saúde transcende a mera ausência de enfermidade.

The concept of health transcends the mere absence of illness.

Philosophical/definitional statement.

A deterioração da saúde democrática do país alarmou os observadores internacionais.

The deterioration of the country's democratic health alarmed international observers.

Highly abstract metaphorical use.

Políticas públicas eficazes devem focar nos determinantes sociais da saúde.

Effective public policies must focus on the social determinants of health.

Specialized sociological/medical terminology.

A saúde do mercado imobiliário dita o ritmo da recuperação econômica.

The health of the real estate market dictates the pace of economic recovery.

Economic metaphor.

A proliferação de desinformação é um risco iminente à saúde coletiva.

The proliferation of misinformation is an imminent risk to collective health.

Contemporary societal issue context.

O debate centrou-se na sustentabilidade do financiamento da saúde a longo prazo.

The debate centered on the sustainability of long-term health financing.

Advanced administrative context.

A intrincada teia de fatores epigenéticos redefine constantemente os nossos paradigmas de saúde.

The intricate web of epigenetic factors constantly redefines our paradigms of health.

Highly specialized scientific discourse.

A mercantilização da saúde levanta dilemas bioéticos de difícil resolução.

The commodification of health raises bioethical dilemmas that are difficult to resolve.

Advanced academic critique.

Na literatura oitocentista, a saúde frágil era frequentemente romantizada como um sinal de sensibilidade exacerbada.

In 19th-century literature, fragile health was often romanticized as a sign of heightened sensitivity.

Literary and historical analysis.

O verniz de vitalidade econômica não consegue mascarar a precária saúde institucional do regime.

The veneer of economic vitality cannot mask the precarious institutional health of the regime.

Complex political metaphor with advanced vocabulary.

A ontologia da saúde na filosofia oriental difere substancialmente da visão mecanicista ocidental.

The ontology of health in Eastern philosophy differs substantially from the Western mechanistic view.

Philosophical comparative analysis.

A saúde, enquanto constructo social, é invariavelmente moldada pelas hegemonias culturais vigentes.

Health, as a social construct, is invariably shaped by prevailing cultural hegemonies.

Sociological theory context.

A erosão do estado de bem-estar social precipitou uma crise sem precedentes na saúde pública.

The erosion of the welfare state precipitated an unprecedented crisis in public health.

Advanced political science discourse.

Brindemos não apenas à sobrevivência, mas à saúde plena e inalienável do espírito humano.

Let us toast not merely to survival, but to the full and inalienable health of the human spirit.

Poetic and elevated rhetorical style.

よく使う組み合わせ

boa saúde

cuidar da saúde

saúde pública

saúde mental

plano de saúde

problema de saúde

estado de saúde

recuperar a saúde

prejudicar a saúde

posto de saúde

よく使うフレーズ

À sua saúde!

— A toast meaning 'To your health!'. Used when raising a glass to someone specific.

Levanto meu copo. À sua saúde, meu amigo!

À nossa saúde!

— A toast meaning 'To our health!'. Used when drinking with a group.

Um brinde a todos nós. À nossa saúde!

Ter uma saúde de ferro

— An idiom meaning to have an iron constitution or excellent, unbreakable health.

Meu avô nunca fica doente, ele tem uma saúde de ferro.

Saúde em primeiro lugar

— A proverb meaning 'Health comes first'. Used to prioritize well-being over work or money.

Não trabalhe até a exaustão. Lembre-se: saúde em primeiro lugar.

Vender saúde

— An idiom meaning to look incredibly healthy and vibrant. Literally 'to sell health'.

Depois das férias, ela voltou vendendo saúde.

Dar à luz com saúde

— A phrase wishing a safe delivery for a pregnant woman, hoping the baby is born healthy.

Que o bebê venha com muita saúde!

Estar bem de saúde

— To be in good health. A common response to inquiries about one's well-being.

Graças a Deus, estamos todos bem de saúde.

Ministério da Saúde

— The government department responsible for public health.

O Ministério da Saúde lançou uma nova campanha de vacinação.

Plano de saúde

— Health insurance (common in Brazil).

Meu plano de saúde cobre consultas odontológicas.

Centro de saúde

— Health center or local clinic (common in Portugal).

Marquei uma consulta no centro de saúde da minha rua.

よく混同される語

saúde vs saudade

Often confused by beginners due to spelling. 'Saudade' means longing or missing someone, while 'saúde' means health.

saúde vs saudável

Confusing the noun (saúde) with the adjective (saudável). Use 'saudável' to describe healthy things (like food).

saúde vs salutem

Sometimes confused by speakers of other Romance languages who might try to use a cognate closer to the Latin root.

慣用句と表現

"Saúde de ferro"

— To have excellent, robust health that rarely fails. Equivalent to having an 'iron constitution'.

Ele corre maratonas aos 70 anos; tem uma saúde de ferro.

informal

"Vender saúde"

— To look extremely healthy, glowing, and full of vitality.

As crianças voltaram do acampamento vendendo saúde.

informal

"Espirrar saúde"

— Similar to 'vender saúde', meaning to radiate health and energy. Literally 'to sneeze health'.

Com essa dieta nova, você está espirrando saúde!

informal

"Custar os olhos da cara (e a saúde)"

— Used to emphasize that something is not only expensive but also incredibly stressful or damaging to one's well-being.

Esse projeto me custou os olhos da cara e a saúde.

informal

"Não ter saúde para isso"

— To lack the patience, energy, or emotional resilience to deal with a difficult situation or person.

Eu não tenho saúde para discutir com ele hoje.

informal

"Beber à saúde de alguém"

— To drink a toast in honor of someone's well-being.

Vamos beber à saúde do aniversariante!

neutral

"Transbordar saúde"

— To overflow with health; to look exceptionally well.

A grávida estava transbordando saúde e felicidade.

neutral

"Dar um brinde à saúde"

— To propose a toast to health.

Gostaria de dar um brinde à saúde de todos os presentes.

formal

"Jogar a saúde no lixo"

— To ruin one's health through bad habits like smoking, drinking, or poor diet.

Comendo fast food todo dia, ele está jogando a saúde no lixo.

informal

"Saúde e paz, o resto a gente corre atrás"

— A popular rhyming proverb meaning 'Health and peace (are the most important), the rest we can chase after (work for)'.

Feliz Ano Novo! Saúde e paz, o resto a gente corre atrás!

informal

間違えやすい

saúde vs saudade

Shares the first 4 letters (saud-).

'Saúde' is health. 'Saudade' is a feeling of longing, missing, or nostalgia.

Tenho saudade de você (I miss you) vs. Tenho saúde (I have health).

saúde vs saudável

They are from the same word family. One is the noun, the other is the adjective.

'Saúde' is the noun (health). 'Saudável' is the adjective (healthy). You cannot say 'comida saúde'.

Comida saudável (Healthy food) vs. Boa saúde (Good health).

saúde vs sanidade

Similar meaning in English (sanity/health).

'Sanidade' refers strictly to mental soundness or sanity, often in a clinical or legal sense. 'Saúde' is general health.

Saúde mental (Mental health) vs. Sanidade mental (Mental sanity).

saúde vs salutar

Formal adjective meaning beneficial to health.

'Salutar' is a formal adjective meaning salutary or beneficial. 'Saúde' is the core noun.

Um hábito salutar (A salutary habit) vs. Cuidar da saúde (Take care of health).

saúde vs higiene

Related concepts.

'Higiene' is cleanliness practices. 'Saúde' is the resulting state of well-being.

Boa higiene previne doenças e protege a saúde.

文型パターン

[Subject] tem boa/má saúde.

Ela tem boa saúde.

[Interjection]!

Saúde!

[Subject] precisa cuidar da saúde.

Eu preciso cuidar da saúde.

[Action] faz bem/mal à saúde.

Fumar faz mal à saúde.

A saúde [adjective] é importante.

A saúde mental é importante.

Um brinde à saúde de [Person].

Um brinde à saúde do João.

O sistema de saúde [verb] [complement].

O sistema de saúde precisa de reformas.

A saúde [metaphorical context] reflete [complement].

A saúde da economia reflete as políticas atuais.

語族

名詞

saudação (greeting)

saudade (longing)

insalubridade (unhealthiness)

動詞

saudar (to greet/salute)

sarar (to heal)

形容詞

saudável (healthy)

insalubre (unhealthy)

salutar (salutary/beneficial)

使い方

frequency

Top 500 most common words in Portuguese.

よくある間違い

Saying 'muito saúde'. → Saying 'muita saúde'.
Because 'saúde' is a feminine noun, any adjectives or quantifiers modifying it must also be feminine. 'Muito' must change to 'muita'.
Saying 'comida saúde' for healthy food. → Saying 'comida saudável'.
'Saúde' is the noun (health). To describe a noun, you need an adjective. The adjective for healthy is 'saudável'.
Forgetting the preposition 'de' with the verb 'cuidar'. → Saying 'cuidar da saúde'.
The verb 'cuidar' (to take care) requires the preposition 'de'. When combined with the feminine article 'a', it becomes 'da'.
Confusing 'saúde' with 'saudade'. → Using 'saúde' for health and 'saudade' for missing someone.
These words look similar but have entirely different meanings. Pay attention to the ending (-de vs -dade).
Pronouncing it as two syllables (sau-de). → Pronouncing it as three syllables (sa-ú-de).
The acute accent on the 'u' creates a hiatus, meaning the 'a' and 'u' are pronounced in separate syllables.

ヒント

Always Feminine

Never say 'muito saúde'. It is always 'muita saúde' because the noun is feminine.

Stress the U

The accent mark is your guide. Hit the 'U' hardest when speaking: sa-Ú-de.

Eye Contact During Toasts

When saying 'Saúde!' during a toast, it is polite to look the other person in the eye.

Noun vs. Adjective

Remember: Saúde = Health. Saudável = Healthy. Don't mix them up!

The Sneeze Reflex

Train yourself to say 'Saúde!' immediately when you hear a sneeze. It's a great way to sound like a native.

Don't Forget the Accent

Writing 'saude' without the accent is a common spelling mistake. Always include the acute accent on the 'u'.

Brazilian vs. European

Be prepared for the final syllable to sound like 'jee' in Brazil and almost disappear in Portugal.

Public Health Systems

Learn the acronyms: SUS in Brazil and SNS in Portugal. They appear constantly in the news.

Iron Health

Use the phrase 'saúde de ferro' to compliment someone who never gets sick.

Compound Nouns

Memorize 'plano de saúde' (health insurance) and 'posto de saúde' (clinic) as single vocabulary units.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine you are at a bar in the SOUTH (saú) of Brazil, drinking a cup of TEA (de/dʒi). You raise your tea and say 'Cheers to my health!' -> SAÚ-DE.

視覚的連想

Picture a giant letter 'U' with a medical cross on it. The word is sa-Ú-de, and the 'U' is the most stressed and important part, representing a healthy, smiling mouth.

Word Web

Hospital Médico Doença Brinde (Toast) Espirro (Sneeze) Bem-estar Corpo Vida

チャレンジ

Next time you or someone near you sneezes, say 'Saúde!' out loud instead of 'Bless you'. Do this for a whole week to build the reflex.

語源

The word 'saúde' comes from the Latin word 'salus' or 'salutem', which meant health, well-being, safety, and salvation. This Latin root is also the source of the English words 'salute', 'salutary', and 'salvation'.

元の意味： In ancient Rome, 'salus' was not just a medical term but a broader concept of safety, welfare, and even a goddess (Salus) who personified these traits.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > Western Romance > Ibero-Romance > Portuguese.

文化的な背景

When discussing mental health ('saúde mental'), be aware that while awareness is growing, older generations in rural areas of Portugal or Brazil might still hold stigmas. Approach the topic with standard empathy and respect.

Unlike English, where 'health' is strictly a noun and we use 'bless you' for sneezes and 'cheers' for drinks, Portuguese uses the exact same noun for all three situations.

The Brazilian public health system acronym: SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde). The popular Brazilian New Year's song lyric: 'Muito dinheiro no bolso, saúde pra dar e vender'. The Portuguese National Health Service: SNS (Serviço Nacional de Saúde).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Doctor's Office

Como está a sua saúde?
Problema de saúde
Estado de saúde
Recuperar a saúde

At a Bar or Party

Saúde!
Um brinde à nossa saúde
Bebamos à sua saúde
À saúde dos noivos

When Someone Sneezes

Saúde!
Deus te crie (regional alternative)
Obrigado (response)
Espirro

Discussing Lifestyle

Cuidar da saúde
Saúde mental
Alimentação e saúde
Fazer bem à saúde

Reading the News

Saúde pública
Ministério da Saúde
Sistema de saúde
Profissionais de saúde

会話のきっかけ

"O que você faz no dia a dia para cuidar da sua saúde?"

"Você acha que a saúde pública no seu país é boa?"

"Como você mantém a sua saúde mental durante semanas estressantes?"

"Qual é o brinde mais comum que você usa além de 'saúde'?"

"Você tem algum 'segredo' de família para manter uma boa saúde?"

日記のテーマ

Escreva sobre uma vez em que você teve que cuidar muito da sua saúde.

Descreva a sua rotina ideal para manter uma boa saúde física e mental.

Qual é a sua opinião sobre o sistema de saúde do seu país comparado ao de outros?

Escreva um pequeno diálogo entre um médico e um paciente discutindo a saúde do paciente.

Reflita sobre o ditado 'Saúde em primeiro lugar'. Você concorda? Por quê?

よくある質問

10 問

It is a feminine noun. You must use feminine articles and adjectives with it, such as 'a saúde', 'boa saúde', and 'muita saúde'.

You say 'Saúde!'. It is the exact equivalent of saying 'Bless you' or 'Gesundheit'. The person who sneezed usually replies with 'Obrigado' or 'Obrigada'.

You also say 'Saúde!'. It is the most common way to toast. You can also say 'À nossa saúde!' (To our health!).

No. 'Saúde' is a noun (health). To describe something as healthy, you must use the adjective 'saudável'. So, 'healthy food' is 'comida saudável'.

The acute accent on the 'u' indicates a hiatus. It shows that the 'a' and 'u' are pronounced in separate syllables (sa-ú-de) and that the 'u' is the stressed syllable.

They are completely different words. 'Saúde' means health. 'Saudade' means a feeling of longing, missing someone, or nostalgia.

In Portugal, it is a very short, almost silent 'd' sound. In most of Brazil, the 'd' followed by 'e' palatalizes into a 'jee' sound, like in the English word 'jeep'.

It means 'to take care of one's health'. The preposition 'de' combines with the article 'a' to form 'da'.

Yes, 'saúde mental' (mental health) is a very common and widely discussed topic in modern Portuguese-speaking societies.

Yes. Just like in English, you can talk about the 'saúde financeira' (financial health) of a company or the health of an economy.

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