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A2 adjective #12,000 よく出る 11分で読める

acamado

練習する例文メモとヒント acamado 30秒で

解説 acamado in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the basic root of the word 'acamado', which is 'cama' (bed). Think of it as a way to describe someone who is very sick and must stay in bed. You will mostly use it with the verb 'estar'. For example: 'Minha avó está acamada' (My grandmother is bedridden). It is important to remember the difference between 'estar na cama' (to be in bed, maybe just resting) and 'estar acamado' (to be stuck in bed because of health). This is a useful word for talking about your family or why you cannot come to class if you are very sick. Even at this early stage, try to remember to change the 'o' to 'a' if you are talking about a woman.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'acamado' in more detailed sentences. You should understand that it is a common adjective used in healthcare and family life. You might use it to explain a situation to a doctor or a pharmacist. For example, 'Ele está acamado há três dias' (He has been bedridden for three days). You should also be comfortable using the plural forms 'acamados' and 'acamadas'. At this level, you begin to see 'acamado' in simple news stories or community announcements, such as home-visit vaccination programs. It is a key word for describing physical states related to health beyond just saying 'doente' (sick).

At the B1 level, you should understand the nuance between 'acamado' and its synonyms like 'prostrado' or 'de cama'. You can use 'acamado' to describe more complex situations, such as chronic illness or post-operative recovery. You should be able to discuss the implications of being bedridden, such as the need for a 'cuidador' (caregiver). You will also encounter 'acamado' in more formal contexts, such as medical advice or social service descriptions. Your ability to use prepositions like 'por' (due to) or 'com' (with) alongside 'acamado' should be developing, allowing you to say things like 'acamado por causa de uma cirurgia' or 'acamado com pneumonia'.

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At the B2 level, you can use 'acamado' in professional or academic discussions about healthcare and aging. You should be aware of the social and economic impact of having a large 'população acamada' in a country. You can understand the word when it is used figuratively in literature or more complex journalism. You should also be familiar with the noun form where 'o acamado' refers to the patient themselves. At this level, you can distinguish between being 'acamado' and being 'incapacitado', understanding that one refers to the physical location and the other to legal or functional ability. You can also use the word in the context of advanced nursing care instructions.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the word's connotations and its place within the broader medical and social vocabulary of Portuguese. You can use it fluently in debates about geriatric care, hospital management, or public health policy. You are sensitive to the tone of the word—how it conveys vulnerability and the ethical responsibilities of care. You can appreciate its use in high-level literature to symbolize stagnation or a forced pause in a character's life. You are also proficient in using technical related terms like 'mudança de decúbito' (repositioning) that often accompany the care of 'pacientes acamados' in clinical settings.

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At the C2 level, 'acamado' is a word you use with total precision and cultural awareness. You understand its historical usage and how modern medical terminology has evolved around it. You can write sophisticated reports or essays on the challenges of home care for the bedridden, incorporating the term seamlessly into a rich, varied vocabulary. You can detect subtle shifts in meaning when the word is used in different Lusophone countries (e.g., Brazil vs. Portugal) and adapt your usage accordingly. You are also able to use the word in creative writing to evoke specific atmospheres, utilizing its phonetic qualities and its strong association with the private, domestic sphere of life.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

acamado 30秒で

Acamado means bedridden or confined to bed due to illness or injury.
It is derived from the Portuguese word 'cama' (bed) and functions as an adjective.
The word must agree in gender and number with the subject: acamado, acamada, acamados, acamadas.
It is most commonly used with the verb 'estar' to describe a temporary or long-term health state.

The Portuguese word acamado is an adjective that describes a person who is confined to their bed, typically due to illness, injury, or the frailty associated with old age. It is a direct derivative of the Portuguese noun cama, which means 'bed'. When you describe someone as being acamado, you are communicating more than just the fact that they are lying down; you are implying a state of physical limitation where the person cannot easily leave the bed to perform daily activities. This term is widely used in medical, social, and domestic contexts throughout the Lusophone world.

Medical Context: In hospitals and clinics, healthcare professionals use 'acamado' to categorize patients who require bedside care, such as assistance with hygiene or feeding. It helps define the level of nursing care needed.

O paciente está acamado desde a cirurgia na semana passada.

The patient has been bedridden since the surgery last week.

Beyond the clinical setting, the word carries a significant emotional weight in family life. When a relative becomes acamado, it often signals a transition in family dynamics, requiring caregivers to organize their lives around the needs of the person in bed. It is frequently used when discussing the elderly (idosos) who have lost their mobility. The word is versatile because it can describe a temporary state, such as someone with a severe flu, or a permanent condition resulting from chronic illness.

Social Context: In social services, 'pessoas acamadas' refers to a specific demographic that may be eligible for home-visit vaccinations or specialized social benefits.

A vacinação para idosos acamados será feita em casa.

Vaccination for bedridden elderly people will be done at home.

Understanding this word is crucial for anyone navigating the Portuguese healthcare system or caring for a loved one. It is a respectful but clear way to describe a lack of mobility. It is not considered offensive, but rather a descriptive term for a physical state. In literature and news, it is used to evoke empathy or to provide factual information about a person's health status. The term emphasizes the confinement to the bed as the primary characteristic of the individual's current life situation.

Literary Usage: Authors often use 'acamado' to describe a character's decline or a period of reflection forced by physical stillness.

Ela permaneceu acamada por meses, observando o mundo pela janela.

She remained bedridden for months, watching the world through the window.

Muitos soldados ficaram acamados após a batalha.

Many soldiers became bedridden after the battle.

O artista, agora acamado, continua a ditar as suas memórias.

The artist, now bedridden, continues to dictate his memoirs.

Using acamado correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective and its relationship with the verbs estar and ficar. In Portuguese, we almost exclusively use the verb estar (to be in a temporary state) with acamado, because even if the condition is long-term, it is viewed as a state of being rather than an inherent quality of the person's character. For example, you would say 'Ele está acamado' rather than 'Ele é acamado'. The verb ficar (to become/to stay) is also very common when describing the onset of the condition.

Subject-Adjective Agreement: The word changes its ending based on who is bedridden. Singular Masculine: acamado. Singular Feminine: acamada. Plural Masculine: acamados. Plural Feminine: acamadas.

A minha avó está acamada com uma gripe forte.

My grandmother is bedridden with a bad flu.

When constructing sentences, you often need to specify the reason for being bedridden. This is typically done using the preposition por (for/because of) or com (with). For instance, 'acamado por doença' (bedridden due to illness) or 'acamado com febre' (bedridden with fever). It is also common to see it used with time expressions to indicate duration, such as 'há duas semanas' (for two weeks).

Using with 'Ficar': Use 'ficar' to describe the moment someone becomes bedridden. 'Ele ficou acamado depois do acidente' (He became bedridden after the accident).

Eles ficaram acamados por causa da intoxicação alimentar.

They became bedridden because of food poisoning.

In more formal or technical writing, you might see acamado functioning as a noun to refer to 'the bedridden person'. For example, 'O cuidado com o acamado exige paciência' (Caring for the bedridden person requires patience). This usage is particularly common in medical manuals and nursing instructions where the focus is on the patient as a subject of care.

Formal Usage: In legal or medical documents, you might find the phrase 'paciente acamado' to specify the physical status of an individual.

O protocolo de higiene para o acamado deve ser seguido rigorosamente.

The hygiene protocol for the bedridden person must be followed strictly.

As crianças estão acamadas com catapora.

The children are bedridden with chickenpox.

Se você não descansar, vai acabar acamado.

If you don't rest, you'll end up bedridden.

The word acamado is a staple in everyday Portuguese conversations, especially when discussing health and family. You will hear it most frequently in homes where multi-generational families live together. It is common for a younger person to explain to a friend why they cannot go out: 'Não posso sair hoje, meu pai está acamado e precisa de ajuda'. This context highlights the word's utility in explaining domestic responsibilities and health crises.

Hospital Environments: Nurses and doctors use the term during shifts to summarize a patient's mobility. 'O leito 4 está acamado e requer mudança de decúbito' (Patient in bed 4 is bedridden and requires repositioning).

O médico disse que ele deve ficar acamado por três dias.

The doctor said he must remain bedridden for three days.

In the news, acamado often appears in stories about public health campaigns. During flu season or pandemic outbreaks, health authorities might release statistics about the number of acamados in a certain region or announce special measures for those who cannot leave their homes to get vaccinated. This gives the word a formal, administrative tone that is nevertheless understood by everyone.

Pharmacies and Care Stores: When buying medical supplies like adult diapers or specialized mattresses, clerks will often ask if the person is 'acamado' to recommend the right product.

Vendemos colchões especiais para pacientes acamados.

We sell special mattresses for bedridden patients.

You might also encounter the word in religious or community contexts. In many Lusophone cultures, visiting the 'doentes acamados' (the bedridden sick) is considered a vital act of charity and community support. Parish newsletters or community boards might list names of people who are acamados so that others can send cards or offer prayers. This usage reinforces the social connection that remains even when a person is physically isolated by illness.

Literature and Soap Operas: In Brazilian 'telenovelas', a character being 'acamado' is a frequent plot device used to create drama or vulnerability in a previously powerful figure.

A vilã da novela terminou a história acamada e solitária.

The soap opera villain ended the story bedridden and lonely.

O asilo atende trinta idosos, dos quais dez estão acamados.

The nursing home cares for thirty elderly people, ten of whom are bedridden.

Recebi a notícia de que ele está acamado e fui visitá-lo.

I received news that he is bedridden and went to visit him.

One of the most common mistakes English speakers make when learning Portuguese is confusing acamado with the simple action of being in bed. If you are just resting or sleeping, you would say 'Estou na cama' or 'Estou deitado' (I am lying down). Using acamado in these situations would sound very strange and overly dramatic, as it implies you are too sick to get up. It is a medical or health-related descriptor, not a general status for someone who happens to be in bed.

Confusing 'Acamado' with 'Dormindo': 'Dormindo' means sleeping. An 'acamado' person might be wide awake, watching TV, or talking, but they simply cannot leave the bed.

Não diga que está acamado se você só quer dormir até tarde no domingo.

Don't say you are bedridden if you just want to sleep late on Sunday.

Another frequent error involves gender and number agreement. Because 'acamado' ends in '-o', beginners often forget to change it to '-a' when referring to a woman. Saying 'Ela está acamado' is a grammatically incorrect construction that is immediately noticeable to native speakers. Always look at the subject of the sentence before choosing the ending of the adjective.

The 'Ser' vs 'Estar' Trap: Avoid using 'ser'. 'Ele é acamado' implies it is a permanent personality trait. Use 'estar' to indicate it is a state of health.

O correto é dizer: 'Maria está acamada', e não 'Maria é acamada'.

The correct way is to say: 'Maria is bedridden', and not 'Maria is (permanently) bedridden'.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse acamado with acordado (awake). Although they sound somewhat similar due to the 'a-' prefix and '-ado' suffix, their meanings are entirely unrelated. One refers to physical mobility and the other to consciousness. To avoid this, associate acamado with cama (bed) and acordado with acordar (to wake up). This mental link will help you keep the two words distinct in your vocabulary.

Preposition Usage: Mistaking 'em' for 'com'. We say 'acamado com gripe' (with flu), not usually 'em gripe'.

Ele ficou acamado devido a complicações respiratórias.

He became bedridden due to respiratory complications.

Não confunda acamado com apenas estar com preguiça de levantar.

Don't confuse bedridden with just being too lazy to get up.

O uso de 'acamado' exige um contexto de saúde real.

The use of 'bedridden' requires a real health context.

While acamado is the most precise term for someone confined to bed, there are several other words in Portuguese that cover related concepts. Understanding the nuances between these words will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to describe health situations with greater accuracy. The most common alternative is simply saying someone is de cama (in bed/down with something). This is slightly more informal and is very common for temporary illnesses like the flu.

Acamado vs. De Cama: 'Acamado' sounds more clinical or serious. 'De cama' is what you'd say to a friend: 'Estou de cama com um resfriado'.

O paciente está acamado, mas meu irmão está apenas de cama.

The patient is bedridden, but my brother is just down in bed (with a minor illness).

Another related word is prostrado. This describes someone who is extremely weak and lacks the energy to move, often as a symptom of a high fever or severe infection. While an acamado person is defined by their location (the bed), a prostrado person is defined by their lack of physical energy. You can be prostrado on a sofa or in a chair, not necessarily just in bed.

Enfermo and Doente: 'Doente' is the general word for sick. 'Enfermo' is more formal. You can be 'doente' without being 'acamado' (e.g., having a headache but still walking around).

Ele está muito prostrado devido à febre alta.

He is very prostrated (weak/exhausted) due to the high fever.

Finally, the term incapacitado (incapacitated) is used in legal or official medical contexts to describe someone who cannot look after themselves. While many acamados are incapacitados, the terms are not identical. Incapacitado refers to the ability to function, whereas acamado refers specifically to being confined to a bed. In a hospital, you might also hear restrito ao leito, which is a very formal medical phrase meaning 'restricted to the bed'.

Formal Alternatives: 'Restrito ao leito' is the clinical equivalent of 'acamado'. It is used in medical charts and formal reports.

O paciente deve permanecer restrito ao leito após o procedimento.

The patient must remain restricted to the bed (bedridden) after the procedure.

Ela não está acamada, mas sua mobilidade é limitada.

She is not bedridden, but her mobility is limited.

Muitos enfermos preferem ser cuidados em casa.

Many sick people prefer to be cared for at home.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"O sujeito encontra-se acamado em virtude de patologia degenerativa."

ニュートラル

"O meu avô está acamada por causa da gripe."

カジュアル

"Ele está de cama, todo acamado, coitado."

Child friendly

"O vovô precisa ficar na caminha porque está dodói e acamado."

スラング

"O cara tá jogado, acamadão mesmo."

豆知識

The root 'cama' is very stable across Romance languages, appearing as 'cama' in Spanish and Galician as well. The specific construction 'acamado' is a very efficient way to turn a piece of furniture into a medical condition description.

発音ガイド

UK /ɐ.kɐ.ˈma.du/

US /a.ka.ˈma.du/

The stress is on the penultimate syllable: a-ca-MA-do.

韻が合う語

Amado Cuidado Passado Estado Gelado Cansado Ocupado Fechado

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the final 'o' as a clear English 'oh' instead of a soft 'u'.
Putting the stress on the first or last syllable.
Nasalizing the 'ma' too much.
Forgetting to change the 'o' to 'a' for female subjects.
Mispronouncing the 'c' as an 's' sound.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize if you know the word 'cama'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires attention to gender and number agreement.

スピーキング 3/5

The 'ma' stress is important for natural flow.

リスニング 2/5

Clearly articulated in most health contexts.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

Cama Doente Estar Ficar Saúde

次に学ぶ

Cuidador Enfermidade Recuperação Mobilidade Fisioterapia

上級

Comorbidade Decúbito Atrofia Geriatria Paliativo

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

O homem acamado / A mulher acamada.

Estar vs Ser

Ele está acamado (state) vs Ele é alto (characteristic).

Preposition 'há' for time

Está acamado há uma semana.

Plural of adjectives ending in 'o'

Acamados / Acamadas.

Past Participle as Adjective

The verb 'acamar' becomes 'acamado'.

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レベル別の例文

O meu avô está acamado.

My grandfather is bedridden.

Subject-verb-adjective agreement (masculine singular).

A Maria está acamada com gripe.

Maria is bedridden with flu.

Subject-verb-adjective agreement (feminine singular).

Eles estão acamados hoje.

They are bedridden today.

Plural masculine agreement.

Você está acamado?

Are you bedridden?

Interrogative sentence.

Eu não estou acamado, só estou cansado.

I am not bedridden, I am just tired.

Negative sentence using 'estar'.

O cão está acamado no tapete.

The dog is lying down (bedridden-like) on the rug.

Using the word for an animal in a health context.

A criança ficou acamada.

The child became bedridden.

Use of 'ficar' to show a change of state.

Ela está acamada no hospital.

She is bedridden in the hospital.

Prepositional phrase 'no hospital'.

O paciente acamado precisa de água.

The bedridden patient needs water.

Adjective modifying the noun 'paciente'.

Minha mãe está acamada há dois dias.

My mother has been bedridden for two days.

Use of 'há' for duration of time.

Muitos idosos ficam acamados no inverno.

Many elderly people become bedridden in winter.

General statement using plural 'idosos'.

Onde está o senhor acamado?

Where is the bedridden gentleman?

Question with an adjective-noun phrase.

Ela ficou acamada depois da queda.

She became bedridden after the fall.

Preposition 'depois de' followed by a noun.

Os doentes acamados recebem visitas hoje.

The bedridden patients receive visitors today.

Plural noun-adjective phrase.

Não é bom ficar acamado por muito tempo.

It is not good to stay bedridden for a long time.

Infinitive 'ficar' after an impersonal expression.

A enfermeira cuida da mulher acamada.

The nurse takes care of the bedridden woman.

Definite article 'da' (de + a) before the noun.

Ele está acamado por causa de uma lesão na coluna.

He is bedridden because of a spinal injury.

Complex cause explanation using 'por causa de'.

A vacina será aplicada em todos os acamados do bairro.

The vaccine will be applied to all the bedridden people in the neighborhood.

Using 'acamados' as a substantive noun.

Se ela continuar acamada, teremos de contratar um cuidador.

If she continues bedridden, we will have to hire a caregiver.

Conditional 'se' with the future of the subjunctive.

O médico recomendou que ele permanecesse acamado.

The doctor recommended that he remain bedridden.

Subjunctive mood after a verb of recommendation.

Apesar de estar acamado, ele mantém o bom humor.

Despite being bedridden, he keeps a good mood.

Concessive clause with 'apesar de'.

O asilo tem uma ala especial para pacientes acamados.

The nursing home has a special wing for bedridden patients.

Noun-adjective agreement in a prepositional phrase.

Ela está acamada desde que voltou da cirurgia.

She has been bedridden since she returned from surgery.

Time clause with 'desde que'.

É difícil ver um amigo tão ativo ficar acamado.

It is hard to see such an active friend become bedridden.

Impersonal 'é difícil' with an infinitive.

O cuidado domiciliar para acamados exige equipamentos específicos.

Home care for bedridden people requires specific equipment.

Compound subject using a noun-adjective phrase.

A incidência de escaras é alta em pacientes que permanecem acamados.

The incidence of bedsores is high in patients who remain bedridden.

Relative clause 'que permanecem acamados'.

O governo lançou um programa de apoio para famílias com idosos acamados.

The government launched a support program for families with bedridden elderly.

Direct object with multiple modifiers.

Mesmo acamado, o escritor conseguiu terminar o seu último romance.

Even bedridden, the writer managed to finish his last novel.

Reduced concessive clause.

A fisioterapia é essencial para evitar a atrofia em pessoas acamadas.

Physical therapy is essential to prevent atrophy in bedridden people.

Prepositional phrase 'para evitar'.

Ela se sente isolada por estar acamada há tanto tempo.

She feels isolated because of being bedridden for so long.

Reflexive verb 'sentir-se' with a causal clause.

O número de acamados aumentou significativamente durante a epidemia.

The number of bedridden people increased significantly during the epidemic.

Subject as a substantive 'o número de acamados'.

É fundamental garantir a dignidade do paciente acamado.

It is fundamental to ensure the dignity of the bedridden patient.

Impersonal construction with a focus on abstract nouns.

A gestão de pacientes acamados em unidades de cuidados continuados é complexa.

The management of bedridden patients in continuing care units is complex.

Formal academic/professional syntax.

A imobilidade prolongada do indivíduo acamado acarreta diversos riscos sistémicos.

The prolonged immobility of the bedridden individual entails various systemic risks.

Use of high-level verbs like 'acarretar'.

Muitas vezes, a depressão é uma comorbidade frequente em quem se vê acamado.

Often, depression is a frequent comorbidity in those who find themselves bedridden.

Pronominal verb 'ver-se' indicating a perceived state.

O protocolo exige a mudança de decúbito do acamado a cada duas horas.

The protocol requires repositioning the bedridden person every two hours.

Technical medical terminology.

A vulnerabilidade do ser acamado desperta questões éticas profundas sobre o cuidar.

The vulnerability of the bedridden being awakens profound ethical questions about caregiving.

Philosophical/abstract usage of the term.

Torna-se imperativo que o apoio aos cuidadores de acamados seja reforçado.

It becomes imperative that support for caregivers of the bedridden be reinforced.

Impersonal 'torna-se' with a 'que' clause in the subjunctive.

O romance explora a psique de um protagonista acamado e suas memórias fragmentadas.

The novel explores the psyche of a bedridden protagonist and his fragmented memories.

Literary analysis context.

A legislação vigente protege os direitos dos cidadãos acamados em termos de acessibilidade.

Current legislation protects the rights of bedridden citizens in terms of accessibility.

Legal/administrative terminology.

A fenomenologia do estar acamado remete para uma alteração drástica da percepção temporal.

The phenomenology of being bedridden refers to a drastic alteration of temporal perception.

Highly abstract/philosophical sentence structure.

Subjaz à condição de acamado uma perda de autonomia que desafia a identidade do sujeito.

Underlying the condition of being bedridden is a loss of autonomy that challenges the subject's identity.

Inverted sentence structure with the verb 'subjazer'.

O declínio físico, culminando no estado acamado, é retratado com crueza na obra do autor.

The physical decline, culminating in the bedridden state, is portrayed with rawness in the author's work.

Gerundial clause 'culminando no...'.

A articulação entre os serviços sociais e de saúde é fulcral para a manutenção do acamado no domicílio.

The articulation between social and health services is pivotal for maintaining the bedridden person at home.

Professional policy-making language.

A privação sensorial inerente ao longo período acamado pode resultar em episódios de desorientação.

The sensory deprivation inherent to the long bedridden period can result in episodes of disorientation.

Adjective 'inerente' used for precise description.

Questiona-se a eficácia das políticas públicas destinadas à reintegração de ex-acamados.

The effectiveness of public policies aimed at the reintegration of formerly bedridden individuals is questioned.

Passive voice with 'se'.

O estigma associado ao corpo acamado é um entrave à plena inclusão social.

The stigma associated with the bedridden body is a barrier to full social inclusion.

Abstract noun 'entrave' (barrier/obstacle).

A narrativa mergulha na claustrofobia existencial de se ver permanentemente acamado.

The narrative dives into the existential claustrophobia of finding oneself permanently bedridden.

Metaphorical and psychological depth.

よく使う組み合わせ

Paciente acamado

Idoso acamado

Estar acamado

Ficar acamado

Permanecer acamado

Acamado há muito tempo

Cuidados para acamados

Colchão para acamados

Visita a acamados

Banho no acamado

よく使うフレーズ

Cair acamado

— To suddenly become bedridden due to illness. It implies a sudden drop in health.

Ele caiu acamado logo depois da festa.

Viver acamado

— To live one's life in bed due to a permanent condition. It is a very sad description.

Infelizmente, ele vive acamado há dez anos.

Acamado por tempo indeterminado

— Bedridden for an indefinite period. Used in medical or legal contexts.

O laudo diz que ele ficará acamado por tempo indeterminado.

Apoio ao acamado

— Support for the bedridden person. Refers to physical or financial help.

O programa oferece apoio ao acamado e sua família.

Higiene do acamado

— The hygiene routines for someone who cannot leave their bed.

A higiene do acamado deve ser feita diariamente.

Alimentação do acamado

— The specific diet or way of feeding someone in bed.

A alimentação do acamado requer cuidados para evitar engasgos.

Transporte de acamados

— The service of moving bedridden people, usually by ambulance.

A empresa é especializada no transporte de acamados.

Fisioterapia para acamados

— Physical therapy exercises designed for people who cannot get out of bed.

A fisioterapia para acamados ajuda a manter a circulação.

Direitos dos acamados

— The legal rights and benefits available to bedridden citizens.

É preciso divulgar os direitos dos acamados.

Acamado mas consciente

— Bedridden but conscious/alert. Often used to clarify mental state.

O paciente está acamado mas perfeitamente consciente.

よく混同される語

acamado vs Acordado

Sounds similar but means 'awake'. Acamado is about the bed.

acamado vs Acomodado

Means 'comfortable' or 'complacent', not bedridden.

acamado vs Acamado (verb form)

Can be the past participle of 'acamar' (to flatten), but usually refers to people.

慣用句と表現

"Estar nas sete quintas"

— This is NOT related to acamado, but beginners often confuse health idioms. This means to be very happy/comfortable. Contrast this with the misery of being acamado.

Ele estava nas sete quintas até ficar acamado.

Informal

"Entregar a alma a Deus"

— To die. Often the final stage for someone who has been acamado for a long time.

Depois de meses acamado, ele entregou a alma a Deus.

Literary/Religious

"Bater as botas"

— To kick the bucket (die). Very informal, used when someone's time in bed ends.

O velho acamado finalmente bateu as botas.

Slang

"Estar por um fio"

— To be hanging by a thread. Often used to describe the critical state of an acamado person.

O paciente acamado está por um fio.

Neutral

"Ficar de molho"

— To 'soak' (rest/recover). A lighter version of being acamado.

Vou ficar de molho este fim de semana para não acabar acamado.

Informal

"Não pregar olho"

— Not to sleep a wink. Something an acamado person might experience due to pain.

Acamado e com dor, ele não pregou o olho a noite toda.

Informal

"Ver a morte de perto"

— To see death up close. A feeling common to those severely acamado.

Ele viu a morte de perto enquanto esteve acamado.

Neutral

"Estar no bico da cegonha"

— To be about to die (opposite of being born). Used for very sick acamados.

Coitado, ele já está no bico da cegonha, acamado há meses.

Informal

"Ter um pé na cova"

— To have one foot in the grave. Describes a very frail acamado person.

Ele está acamado e já tem um pé na cova.

Informal

"Estar em maus lençóis"

— To be in a difficult situation. A pun on 'lençóis' (sheets) often used for the bedridden.

O paciente acamado está em maus lençóis com essa nova infecção.

Informal

間違えやすい

acamado vs Deitado

Both involve being in a horizontal position.

Deitado just means lying down (can be for a nap). Acamado means you cannot get up due to health.

Estou deitado no sofá, mas não estou acamado.

acamado vs Dormindo

People in bed are often sleeping.

Dormindo is the act of sleep. Acamado is the state of being stuck in bed.

O paciente acamado está acordado agora.

acamado vs Internado

Both happen in hospitals.

Internado means admitted to the hospital. You can be internado but walking around. Acamado means you are in the bed.

Ele está internado, mas não está acamado.

acamado vs Inválido

Both refer to physical limitations.

Inválido is an older, often offensive term for disabled. Acamado is a neutral term for being in bed.

Ele está acamado temporariamente.

acamado vs Prostrado

Both describe being down.

Prostrado is about extreme lack of energy. Acamado is about being in bed.

A gripe me deixou prostrado, então fiquei acamado.

文型パターン

[Subject] está acamado.

O João está acamado.

[Subject] está acamado com [Illness].

Ela está acamada com febre.

[Subject] está acamado há [Time].

Ele está acamado há cinco dias.

Ficar acamado devido a [Cause].

Ficou acamado devido ao acidente.

O cuidado com o [Noun used as acamado].

O cuidado com o acamado é difícil.

A condição de estar acamado...

A condição de estar acamado gera isolamento.

Paciente [Adjective] acamado.

Paciente cronicamente acamado.

Inerente ao estado acamado...

Inerente ao estado acamado está a perda de autonomia.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in medical and elder care contexts.

よくある間違い

Using 'ser' instead of 'estar'. → Ele está acamado.
'Ser' implies a permanent identity. 'Estar' is for a state of health.
Saying 'acamado' for a woman. → Ela está acamada.
Adjectives must agree with the gender of the subject.
Confusing with 'acordado'. → O paciente está acamado.
'Acordado' means awake. 'Acamado' means bedridden.
Using 'em' instead of 'com'. → Acamado com febre.
We use the preposition 'com' (with) to indicate the illness causing the state.
Using it for just sleeping. → Ele está a dormir.
Don't use 'acamado' if someone is just taking a nap. It implies illness.

ヒント

Gender Check

Always match the ending. If the person is female, use 'acamada'. If they are male, use 'acamado'. For a mixed group, use 'acamados'.

The Cama Connection

If you forget the word, think of 'cama' (bed). Add 'a-' at the start and '-ado' at the end to get 'acamado'.

Medical Use

Use 'acamado' when talking to doctors or health professionals to clearly communicate that the person cannot walk.

Showing Empathy

When someone tells you a relative is 'acamado', it's polite to offer help or express sympathy, as it implies a serious situation.

Duration

Always mention how long someone has been bedridden using 'há' (e.g., 'está acamado há uma semana') to provide useful context.

Acamado vs. De Cama

Use 'de cama' for a light flu and 'acamado' for something more serious or clinical.

Stress the MA

The 'ma' in acamado is the strongest part of the word. Practice saying: a-ca-MA-do.

Substantive Use

You can use 'os acamados' to talk about the group of bedridden people in a hospital or neighborhood.

Cuidador

The person who looks after an 'acamado' is called a 'cuidador'. These two words are often found together.

Benefits

In some countries, being 'acamado' qualifies a person for special social security benefits or home-visit services.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'A-CAMA-DO'. 'A' (at) + 'CAMA' (bed) + 'DO' (done). When you are 'done' and must stay 'at' your 'bed', you are 'acamado'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a large, heavy bed with a person who looks like they are part of the bed itself, unable to move away from the sheets.

Word Web

Cama Doente Hospital Idoso Enfermeira Medicina Repouso Saúde

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences describing why three different people (a man, a woman, and a group) are currently acamado, acamada, and acamados.

語源

The word comes from the Portuguese noun 'cama' (bed), which itself originates from the Vulgar Latin 'cama' (a small, low bed). The prefix 'a-' is used to denote a transition into a state, and the suffix '-ado' is the standard past participle ending for '-ar' verbs, used here to form an adjective.

元の意味： To be placed or put into a bed.

Romance (Latin root).

文化的な背景

The term is descriptive and neutral. However, always ensure you use the correct gender agreement to be respectful to the individual.

In English, we use 'bedridden'. While 'bedridden' can sometimes sound a bit harsh or old-fashioned, 'acamado' is the standard, neutral term in Portuguese.

The character of Bento Santiago in 'Dom Casmurro' by Machado de Assis mentions being 'acamado' during periods of melancholy. Various Portuguese fado songs mention the 'tristeza do acamado' (the sadness of the bedridden). Public health posters in Brazil frequently use the term for vaccination campaigns.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Hospital Admission

O paciente é acamado?
Desde quando ele está acamado?
Ele consegue sentar ou está totalmente acamado?
Precisamos de um colchão para acamados.

Family Discussion

A tia ficou acamada.
Quem vai cuidar do acamado hoje?
Ele está muito triste por estar acamado.
Temos que levar comida para o acamado.

Public Health

Vacinação domiciliar para acamados.
Cadastro de idosos acamados.
Distribuição de fraldas para acamados.
Visita do médico da família ao acamado.

Pharmacy

Remédio para paciente acamado.
Como dar banho em acamado?
Pomada para evitar feridas em acamados.
Lenços umedecidos para acamados.

Religious/Community

Vamos visitar os acamados da paróquia.
Oração pelos doentes acamados.
Levar a comunhão ao acamado.
Apoio emocional para o acamado.

会話のきっかけ

"Como está o seu avô? Ouvi dizer que ele está acamado."

"É verdade que a Maria ficou acamada depois da cirurgia?"

"Você sabe se a vacina para acamados já começou no seu bairro?"

"Quais são os maiores desafios de cuidar de uma pessoa acamada?"

"Você acha que o hospital tem estrutura para tantos pacientes acamados?"

日記のテーマ

Escreva sobre um dia em que você teve que ficar acamado por causa de uma doença.

Como você se sentiria se estivesse acamado e dependesse de outras pessoas?

Descreva a rotina ideal de cuidados para um idoso acamado.

Reflexão: O que a condição de estar acamado nos ensina sobre a paciência?

Imagine que você é um enfermeiro cuidando de um paciente acamado famoso. Como seria?

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'acamado' can be used for anyone of any age who is confined to bed. For example, a child with a severe flu or a young athlete recovering from surgery can both be described as 'acamado'.

Yes, you can. If you have a very bad migraine or flu that keeps you in bed all day, you are 'acamado' for that period. However, 'de cama' is slightly more common for minor, short-term illnesses.

You must change the final 'o' to 'a'. So, for a woman, you say 'acamada'. For example: 'Minha irmã está acamada'.

It is primarily an adjective (e.g., 'um homem acamado'). However, it can be used as a noun to refer to the person (e.g., 'o cuidado com o acamado').

'Estar na cama' just means you are physically in bed (maybe reading or sleeping). 'Estar acamado' means you are confined there because you are unwell.

It is a neutral word. It is used by doctors and in hospitals, but it is also perfectly normal to use it in casual conversation with friends and family.

Yes, the meaning is identical in all Portuguese-speaking countries. It is a universal term in the Lusophone world.

Yes, if a pet is very sick and cannot get up, a vet or owner might use 'acamado' to describe their state, though it is more common for humans.

Usually 'estar' (to be in a state) or 'ficar' (to become). 'Ser' is rarely used because being bedridden is usually seen as a condition, not a personality trait.

Yes, the verb is 'acamar', but it is more commonly used in agriculture (when crops are flattened by wind) or for hair. For people, we use the adjective 'acamado'.

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