Saying 'Will Say' in Portuguese (Dizer Future)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The verb 'dizer' (to say) is irregular in the future tense, using the stem 'dir-' instead of the infinitive.
- Drop the -er from 'dizer' and use the stem 'dir-'. (Ex: Eu direi)
- Add the standard future endings: -ei, -ás, -á, -emos, -eis, -ão.
- The stress always falls on the final syllable of the stem or the ending.
Overview
Mastering the Portuguese future tense requires an understanding of both its regular formations and its essential irregularities. The verb dizer (to say, to tell) presents one such critical irregularity, diverging from the typical conjugation patterns of other -er verbs. While many verbs form their future tense by adding specific endings directly to the infinitive, dizer undergoes a characteristic stem change, making it one of only three verbs—alongside fazer (to do, to make) and trazer (to bring)—that exhibit this specific irregularity in the simple future and conditional tenses.
This article will thoroughly explain the formation, usage, and nuances of dizer in the future, positioning it within the broader context of Portuguese grammar for B1 learners.
Two primary constructions express future actions in Portuguese. The first, and often more common in informal spoken contexts, is the periphrastic future formed with ir (to go) + infinitive (e.g., Eu vou dizer). The second, the simple future, is generally more formal, appears frequently in written language, and conveys a stronger sense of certainty or predestination (e.g., Eu direi).
For B1 learners, understanding both forms is crucial for both comprehension and expressive accuracy, allowing you to navigate various communicative situations with greater confidence. The simple future of dizer is therefore not merely an academic exercise but a gateway to more sophisticated communication in Portuguese.
Conjugation Table
| Person | Conjugation | Translation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| :------------- | :---------- | :----------------- | ||
| Eu | direi |
I will say/tell | ||
| Tu | dirás |
You will say/tell | ||
| Ele/Ela/Você | dirá |
He/She/You will say/tell | ||
| Nós | diremos |
We will say/tell | ||
| Vós | direis |
You all will say/tell | ||
| Eles/Elas/Vocês | dirão |
They/You all will say/tell |
How This Grammar Works
dizer in the simple future tense is a product of its historical linguistic evolution from Latin. Most Portuguese verbs form their simple future by appending specific personal endings (-ei, -ás, -á, -emos, -eis, -ão) directly to the infinitive form of the verb (e.g., comer -> comerei, falar -> falarei). However, dizer, fazer, and trazer deviate from this standard pattern.dizer, the infinitive dizer loses its medial syllable -ze- to form the truncated stem dir-. This seemingly arbitrary change actually makes the word easier to pronounce and aligns with ancient phonetic shifts in the language. Once the dir- stem is established, the subsequent addition of the future endings follows the same rules as any regular verb.dicere in Latin, which evolved into dizer in Portuguese. The future forms often derive from a combination of the infinitive and the auxiliary verb habere (to have), which in Vulgar Latin was appended to the infinitive. Over time, these combined forms fused, leading to the simple future tense.dizer, phonological erosion smoothed dizerei into direi, a more compact and fluid pronunciation. This process illustrates how language prioritizes efficiency and ease of articulation, even if it introduces apparent irregularities for modern learners. Eu direi o que penso (I will say what I think) clearly demonstrates this efficiency.Formation Pattern
dizer involves a precise, two-step process that you must commit to memory. Unlike regular verbs where you simply take the infinitive and add the appropriate future endings, dizer requires a modification of its infinitive form first.
dizer.
-ze- from the infinitive. This leaves you with the irregular future stem: dir-. This dir- stem is invariant; it does not change across persons or numbers.
dir- stem, append the appropriate personal future endings. These endings are consistent with all regular verbs in the simple future tense:
Eu: -ei
Tu: -ás
Ele/Ela/Você: -á
Nós: -emos
Vós: -eis
Eles/Elas/Vocês: -ão
Nós, you take dir- and add -emos, resulting in Nós diremos. This systematic approach simplifies the conjugation once the irregular stem dir- is internalized. The resulting words, such as direi, dirás, and dirão, all carry stress on their final syllable, a characteristic feature of the simple future tense in Portuguese, often indicated by an acute accent (´) on the final vowel. Amanhã, a meteorologia dirá se vai chover (Tomorrow, the meteorology will say if it's going to rain). This pattern applies uniformly.
When To Use It
direi, serves distinct communicative functions that differ from the more casual ir + infinitive construction. Its usage often signals formality, certainty, or a literary tone.- Formal Predictions and Prognostications: Use the simple future for making formal predictions, forecasts, or statements about the future that carry a tone of authority or certainty. This is common in news reports, scientific papers, or official announcements. For instance,
Os analistas dirão que a economia crescerá(The analysts will say that the economy will grow). A weather forecast might state,O tempo dirá se o voo será cancelado(The weather will tell if the flight will be canceled).
- Promises and Strong Commitments: When making a solemn promise or expressing a firm intention, the simple future often lends more weight and seriousness than the periphrastic future.
Eu direi sempre a verdade(I will always tell the truth) carries a stronger commitment thanEu vou sempre dizer a verdade.
- Formal or Written Contexts: In general, the simple future tense is more prevalent in written Portuguese—newspapers, literature, formal correspondence, and academic texts. While less common in casual spoken Brazilian Portuguese, it is still used in European Portuguese spoken contexts, particularly in formal settings. An official report might conclude,
A comissão dirá as suas recomendações no relatório final(The commission will state its recommendations in the final report).
- Rhetorical Questions: The simple future can also appear in rhetorical questions, often implying inevitability or a matter of public opinion.
O que dirão os vizinhos?(What will the neighbors say?) implies a concern about judgment rather than a literal inquiry.
- Literary and Poetic Language: Authors frequently employ the simple future to evoke a sense of destiny, drama, or timelessness. It contributes to a more elevated style.
O poeta dirá os versos da sua alma(The poet will speak the verses of his soul).
ir + infinitive in everyday speech, particularly for immediate or near-future actions, the simple future (direi) remains crucial for reading comprehension and for producing formal or emphatic language. In European Portuguese, the simple future retains a somewhat stronger presence in daily conversation, though the trend towards ir + infinitive for informal future expressions is also noticeable.Common Mistakes
dizer in the future tense. Awareness of these common errors will significantly improve your accuracy.- Over-Regularization (The
dizereiError): The most prevalent mistake is attempting to regularizedizerby adding future endings directly to its infinitive form, resulting in incorrect conjugations likedizerei,dizerás, ordizerá. This occurs because most other verbs follow this pattern. Remember thatdizeris an exception; you must use the truncateddir-stem. Incorrect:Eu dizerei algo.Correct:Eu direi algo.(I will say something).
- Forgetting Accents and Stress: Portuguese simple future forms often have accents on their final vowel (e.g.,
direi,dirás,dirá,dirão). These accents are not merely decorative; they indicate where the stress falls in the word. Omitting them or misplacing the stress can lead to mispronunciation or even ambiguity. For example,dirá(he/she/you will say) is distinct fromdira(not a valid word, but sounds like a mistake or an altered past form). Always stress the final syllable for these conjugations.Ele dirá a verdadenotEle dira a verdade.
- Confusing
-ãoand-am: The third-person plural future ending fordizeris-ão(e.g.,dirão). This is a common point of confusion with the third-person plural past ending-am(e.g.,disseram- they said). Mixing these can completely alter the tense of your sentence, leading to significant misunderstanding.Eles dirão amanhã(They will say tomorrow) is fundamentally different fromEles disseram ontem(They said yesterday).
- Incorrect Stem for Other Irregulars: While this rule specifically addresses
dizer, it's a mistake to apply thedir-stem tofazerortrazer. Each irregular verb has its own specific stem reduction. Forfazer, it'sfar-(farei); fortrazer, it'strar-(trarei). Avoid generalizing thedir-stem to all irregular futures.
- Using
direiin Overly Casual Contexts (Brazilian Portuguese): In much of spoken Brazilian Portuguese, usingdireiin very informal, everyday conversations can sound overly formal, archaic, or even sarcastic. While grammatically correct, it might sound unnatural or out of place. For instance, in a text message to a friend,Te direi depoismight sound stilted;Vou te dizer depois(I'll tell you later) is much more natural and common.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
direi is greatly enhanced by contrasting it with related grammatical structures in Portuguese. This helps in discerning when to use each form effectively.- Simple Future (
direi) vs. Periphrastic Future (ir + infinitive): direi(Simple Future): Generally more formal, characteristic of written language, news, and official statements. It can express strong predictions, promises, or a sense of destiny.A história dirá quem estava certo(History will tell who was right). In European Portuguese, it's more common in speech than in BP.vou dizer(Periphrastic Future): Formed withir(to go) conjugated in the present tense + the infinitivedizer. This is the most common way to express future actions in informal spoken Portuguese, especially in Brazil. It signifies a planned, immediate, or general future action.Eu vou dizer oi para ela(I'm going to say hi to her). It's more casual and less emphatic than the simple future.
- Future (
direi) vs. Conditional (diria): - Both the simple future and the conditional of
dizershare the same irregular stemdir-. This commonality makes them easy to confuse if you don't pay attention to the endings. - Future (
direi):dir-+ future endings (-ei,-ás,-á,-emos,-eis,-ão). Expresses actions that will happen.Sei que ele dirá a verdade(I know he will tell the truth). - Conditional (
diria):dir-+ conditional endings (-ia,-ias,-ia,-íamos,-íeis,-iam). Expresses actions that would happen, often in hypothetical situations or polite requests.Eu diria isso se fosse você(I would say that if I were you). The conditional forms areEu diria,Tu dirias,Ele/Ela/Você diria,Nós diríamos,Vós diríeis,Eles/Elas/Vocês diriam.
dizer(direi) vs.dar(darei):- A single letter differentiates
direi(I will say/tell) fromdarei(I will give), the simple future ofdar(to give). This seemingly minor difference can lead to significant miscommunication. Eu direi um segredo(I will tell a secret).Eu darei um presente(I will give a present).- Always double-check which verb you intend to use to avoid conveying the wrong meaning. The phonetic distinction is important.
- Other Irregular Futures (
fazer,trazer): - Recall that
fazerandtrazeralso exhibit stem changes in the simple future.Fazerbecomesfarei(I will do/make), andtrazerbecomestrarei(I will bring). Whiledizerusesdir-, these verbs usefar-andtrar-respectively, demonstrating a shared pattern of stem reduction, but with unique outcomes for each verb. This group of three verbs forms a distinct class within Portuguese future conjugations.
Real Conversations
Understanding how direi and its alternatives are used by native speakers in diverse contemporary contexts is vital for effective communication. The choice between simple future and periphrastic future often depends on formality, region, and desired emphasis.
- News and Formal Announcements (Written/Broadcast): The simple future is highly common in media for conveying factual information or official statements.
- O Ministro da Saúde dirá hoje sobre as novas medidas. (The Minister of Health will speak today about the new measures.)
- A pesquisa dirá a verdade sobre a eficácia do tratamento. (The research will tell the truth about the treatment's effectiveness.)
- Formal Correspondence (Email/Reports - European Portuguese): In professional or academic emails, especially in European Portuguese, the simple future is appropriate and expected.
- Em breve, dir-vos-ei qual a minha decisão final. (Soon, I will tell you my final decision.) - Note the enclitic pronoun placement.
- O relatório dirá se o projeto é viável. (The report will say if the project is viable.)
- Social Media/Informal Texts (Brazilian Portuguese): In Brazil, the periphrastic future is overwhelmingly preferred in casual digital communication. Using direi here might sound overly formal or even sarcastic.
- Friend A: Vai me contar o que aconteceu? (Are you going to tell me what happened?)
- Friend B: Claro! Vou te dizer tudo depois. (Of course! I'll tell you everything later.) - More natural than Direi tudo depois.
- Proverbs and Fixed Expressions: Some proverbs or literary phrases maintain the simple future for its emphatic and timeless quality.
- O tempo dirá. (Time will tell.) - A common idiomatic expression.
- Nunca dirás que não te avisei. (You will never say I didn't warn you.)
- Hypothetical/Philosophical Discussions: Even in informal settings, if the discussion leans towards abstract predictions or deep thought, the simple future can emerge more naturally.
- Quem dirá o que o futuro nos reserva? (Who will say what the future holds for us?) - Less common, but possible for dramatic effect.
These examples illustrate that while direi is grammatically correct across all Portuguese-speaking regions, its contextual appropriateness varies significantly. Recognizing these nuances allows for more authentic and effective communication.
Progressive Practice
To solidify your understanding and command of dizer in the future tense, engage in a structured and progressive practice regimen. Start with controlled exercises and gradually move towards more spontaneous application.
- Conjugation Drills:
- Write out the full conjugation table of dizer in the simple future multiple times. Focus on memorizing the dir- stem and the standard endings.
- Conjugate dizer orally for different pronouns (e.g., Eu direi, Tu dirás, Ele dirá, etc.) without looking at the table.
- Sentence Completion:
- Complete sentences using the correct future form of dizer. For example: Amanhã, eu ____________ a minha opinião. (direi). Eles ____________ que sim. (dirão).
- Transformation Exercises:
- Convert sentences from the present tense to the simple future using dizer:
- Present: Ele diz a verdade. (He says the truth.)
- Future: Ele dirá a verdade. (He will say the truth.)
- Convert sentences from the periphrastic future (ir + infinitive) to the simple future (direi), focusing on the change in formality:
- Periphrastic: Nós vamos dizer adeus. (We are going to say goodbye.)
- Simple Future: Nós diremos adeus. (We will say goodbye.)
- Contextual Application:
- Formal Writing: Draft a short paragraph (e.g., a news report, a formal email excerpt) making predictions or statements about the future, ensuring you use dizer in its simple future form where appropriate.
- Informal Dialogue: Write a short casual conversation between two friends, ensuring that when they speak about telling something in the future, they predominantly use ir + infinitive (vou dizer, vai dizer). Then, try to rewrite one or two lines using direi to see how the tone shifts.
- Role-Playing/Speaking Practice:
- Practice making formal promises or predictions aloud. Imagine you are a politician or a fortune-teller and state what you direi.
- Engage in discussions about future events and consciously decide whether direi or vou dizer is more suitable for your intended tone and context.
- Reading Comprehension: Pay close attention to news articles, formal documents, and literature in Portuguese. Highlight every instance of the simple future of dizer (or fazer, trazer) and analyze why that particular tense was chosen over the periphrastic future.
Consistent engagement with these varied practice methods will reinforce your knowledge and build your intuitive grasp of dizer in the future tense, allowing you to use it naturally and correctly.
Quick FAQ
dizer in the future tense, summarizing key points and clarifying potential ambiguities.- Q: Why is
dizerirregular in the simple future? - A: The irregularity stems from historical phonological changes in Portuguese, where the original Latin form underwent stem reduction for ease of pronunciation before future endings were attached. It's not a random exception but a product of linguistic evolution.
- Q: What are the other irregular verbs in the simple future that behave similarly?
- A: Only two other verbs exhibit this specific type of stem reduction:
fazer(which becomesfarei,farás, etc.) andtrazer(which becomestrarei,trarás, etc.). These three verbs form a distinct group of irregularities.
- Q: Can I just use
ir + infinitive(vou dizer) all the time to avoid the irregularity? - A: While
vou dizeris perfectly grammatical and very common in spoken Portuguese (especially Brazilian), relying exclusively on it will limit your expressive range. You will miss the nuance of formality, certainty, and literary tone conveyed bydirei. Furthermore, you will struggle to understand written Portuguese wheredireiis prevalent.
- Q: How can I distinguish between
direi(future) anddiria(conditional)? - A: Both share the
dir-stem. The distinction lies in their endings:direiuses future endings (-ei,-ás, etc.), indicating what will happen.Diriauses conditional endings (-ia,-ias, etc.), indicating what would happen or polite requests. Pay close attention to the final vowel and its accentuation.
- Q: Does the placement of object pronouns change with
direi? - A: Yes, in European Portuguese, object pronouns in the simple future are typically placed enclitically (after the verb, connected by a hyphen) or mesoclitically (inserted into the verb form itself, between the stem and the ending). For example,
Eu dir-te-ei(I will tell you). In Brazilian Portuguese, object pronouns generally precede the conjugated verb (Eu te direi). This difference is important for regional accuracy.
- Q: Is
dirãopronounced differently from other future forms? - A:
Dirãofeatures the nasalized vowel sound/ɐ̃w̃/(similar to 'ow' in 'cow' but nasalized) which is characteristic of the-ãoending. This nasalization is crucial and distinguishes it from forms ending in-am(e.g.,disseram), which typically denote past tense actions.
- Q: Are there any specific contexts where
direiis strictly preferred overvou dizer? - A: Yes, in formal declarations, solemn promises, published prophecies, news headlines, and classic literature,
direiis often the preferred choice due to its authoritative and definitive tone. For instance, a written contract will typically use the simple future for future obligations, not the periphrastic.
dizer in the future tense, ensuring a comprehensive understanding.Future Tense of Dizer
| Pronoun | Stem | Ending | Full Form |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Eu
|
dir
|
ei
|
direi
|
|
Tu
|
dir
|
ás
|
dirás
|
|
Ele/Ela/Você
|
dir
|
á
|
dirá
|
|
Nós
|
dir
|
emos
|
diremos
|
|
Vós
|
dir
|
eis
|
direis
|
|
Eles/Elas/Vocês
|
dir
|
ão
|
dirão
|
Meanings
The future tense of 'dizer' expresses an action that will happen in the future regarding speech or telling.
Simple Future
Predicting or stating an action that will occur.
“Ele dirá tudo na reunião.”
“Nós diremos o que pensamos.”
Hypothetical/Conditional
Used in formal contexts to express what one would say.
“Eu diria, se pudesse.”
“Quem diria que isso aconteceria?”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + dir + ending
|
Eu direi a verdade.
|
|
Negative
|
Não + Subject + dir + ending
|
Eu não direi nada.
|
|
Question
|
Dir + ending + Subject?
|
Dirá você a verdade?
|
|
Short Answer
|
Sim/Não + verb
|
Sim, direi.
|
|
Plural
|
Eles + dir + ão
|
Eles dirão tudo.
|
|
Formal
|
Pronoun + dir + ending
|
Nós diremos o necessário.
|
Formality Spectrum
Direi a verdade. (General communication)
Eu vou dizer a verdade. (General communication)
Vou falar a verdade. (General communication)
Vou mandar a real. (General communication)
The Dizer Future Map
Stem
- dir- root
Endings
- -ei, -ás, -á singular
- -emos, -eis, -ão plural
Examples by Level
Eu direi sim.
I will say yes.
Você dirá a verdade?
Will you tell the truth?
Nós diremos tudo.
We will say everything.
Eles dirão não.
They will say no.
Eu não direi nada hoje.
I will not say anything today.
O que você dirá para ele?
What will you say to him?
Ela dirá o nome dela.
She will say her name.
Vocês dirão a hora?
Will you tell the time?
Direi a ele que não posso ir.
I will tell him that I cannot go.
Quem dirá o contrário?
Who will say otherwise?
Nós diremos a verdade na reunião.
We will tell the truth at the meeting.
Eles dirão que foi um erro.
They will say it was a mistake.
Jamais direi algo que possa magoá-lo.
I will never say anything that might hurt you.
Se me perguntarem, direi a verdade.
If they ask me, I will tell the truth.
O relatório dirá tudo o que precisamos saber.
The report will say everything we need to know.
Esperamos que eles dirão o que aconteceu.
We hope they will say what happened.
Direi, com toda a franqueza, que não concordo.
I will say, with all frankness, that I do not agree.
O tempo dirá se tomamos a decisão correta.
Time will tell if we made the right decision.
Não direi uma palavra sequer sobre o assunto.
I will not say a single word about the matter.
Eles dirão o que for necessário para vencer.
They will say whatever is necessary to win.
Direi apenas que a situação é complexa.
I will say only that the situation is complex.
Dirão os historiadores que este foi um momento crucial.
Historians will say that this was a crucial moment.
Nem direi que sim, nem direi que não.
I will neither say yes, nor will I say no.
O que dirão as gerações futuras sobre nós?
What will future generations say about us?
Easily Confused
Learners mix 'direi' (will) and 'diria' (would).
Using 'direi' after 'se' or 'quando'.
Thinking they are different in meaning.
Common Mistakes
Eu dizerei
Eu direi
Ele dize
Ele dirá
Nós dizemos
Nós diremos
Eles dizerão
Eles dirão
Você dizera
Você dirá
Eu não dizerei
Eu não direi
Eles diram
Eles dirão
Eu diria
Eu direi
Nós direis
Nós diremos
Ele dirá que não
Ele dirá que não
Se eu direi
Se eu disser
Quando eu direi
Quando eu disser
Eu diria que sim
Eu direi que sim
Eles diriam que não
Eles dirão que não
Sentence Patterns
Eu ___ a verdade.
O que você ___ para ele?
Eles ___ que não sabiam.
Nós ___ o que for preciso.
Real World Usage
Direi a minha decisão na segunda-feira.
O povo dirá o que quer.
Direi tudo no próximo vídeo!
Direi como posso ajudar a empresa.
Direi a hora da chegada.
Direi ao entregador onde moro.
Remember the stem
Avoid 'dizerei'
Formal vs Informal
Regional usage
Smart Tips
Use the synthetic future ('direi') to sound professional.
Use 'vou dizer' to sound natural.
Don't use the future indicative; use the future subjunctive.
Don't use the future indicative; use the future subjunctive.
Pronunciation
Stem stress
The stress is on the last syllable of the stem or the ending.
Rising for questions
Dirá você? ↑
Inquiry
Memorize It
Mnemonic
DIR-ectly to the future: Dizer becomes DIR-ei.
Visual Association
Imagine a director (DIR) pointing to a calendar in the future.
Rhyme
Para dizer no futuro, use o DIR, e não o Dizer, para não cair no erro de escrever.
Story
The Director (DIR) stood on stage. He said, 'I will say (direi) the lines.' The actors said (dirão) their parts. Everyone knew what they would say (diriam).
Word Web
Challenge
Write 5 sentences about what you will say to your friends tomorrow using 'direi'.
Cultural Notes
The synthetic future is rare in speech, often replaced by 'ir + infinitive'.
The synthetic future is very common in speech and writing.
The synthetic future is preferred in formal papers.
From Latin 'dicere'. The future tense was formed by adding the infinitive to the present of 'habere'.
Conversation Starters
O que você dirá para seu chefe amanhã?
Quem dirá a verdade primeiro?
O que os jornais dirão sobre isso?
Você dirá 'sim' ou 'não'?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
Eu ___ a verdade amanhã.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Eu dizerei que não.
Eu digo a verdade. (Future)
The future of 'dizer' uses the stem 'diz-'.
A: Você vai contar o segredo? B: Sim, eu ___.
direi / a / verdade / eu
Which is the future of 'dizer'?
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercisesEu ___ a verdade amanhã.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Eu dizerei que não.
Eu digo a verdade. (Future)
The future of 'dizer' uses the stem 'diz-'.
A: Você vai contar o segredo? B: Sim, eu ___.
direi / a / verdade / eu
Which is the future of 'dizer'?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesThey will say no.
O professor ___ os resultados amanhã.
verdade | direi | a | Eu
Match the following:
Which sentence would you use in a legal contract?
Se você me perguntar, eu ___ que sim.
O que você dira no vídeo?
We will say everything.
Vocês ___ a verdade?
Tu ___ o que viste?
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
The verb 'dizer' is irregular. The future stem is 'dir-'.
Yes, especially in Brazil. It is very common in speech.
Yes, it is the standard form for both speech and writing.
'Direi' is the future (will say), 'diria' is the conditional (would say).
Yes, 'diremos' (we) and 'dirão' (they).
Add 'não' before the verb: 'Eu não direi'.
No, the endings change: -ei, -ás, -á, -emos, -eis, -ão.
Always use the synthetic form ('direi') in formal writing.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
diré
Portuguese uses 'direi' while Spanish uses 'diré'.
dirai
Pronunciation and orthography differ.
ich werde sagen
German is periphrastic, Portuguese is synthetic.
iu deshou
Japanese has no verb conjugation for person.
sa-aqul
Arabic uses prefixes; Portuguese uses suffixes.
wo hui shuo
Chinese verbs do not change form.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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