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A1 noun #4,000 よく出る 9分で読める

vizinho

上位4,000

練習する例文メモとヒント vizinho 30秒で

解説 vizinho in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'vizinho' is one of the essential vocabulary items for describing your immediate environment and the people in your life. You learn it alongside words for family members and friends. The focus is on the most literal meaning: the person who lives in the house or apartment next to yours. A1 learners should be able to identify their neighbors' gender (vizinho vs. vizinha) and use simple possessive adjectives like 'meu vizinho' or 'minha vizinha'. You will use this word in basic introductions or when describing where you live. For example, 'Eu moro em um apartamento. O meu vizinho é simpático.' At this stage, the nuances of social dynamics are less important than simply being able to point out who your neighbors are and use the word in simple present tense sentences. You might also learn it in the context of basic needs, such as 'Onde mora o seu vizinho?' or 'A minha vizinha tem um cachorro.' The goal is to build a foundation of spatial and social vocabulary that allows for basic survival communication in a residential setting. Mastering the 'nh' sound is a key phonetic challenge for A1 students, as it is a characteristic sound of the Portuguese language that doesn't exist in the same way in English. Practice saying 'vi-zi-nho' slowly to get the nasal sound right.

As an A2 learner, you start to use 'vizinho' in more descriptive contexts and in different tenses. You might talk about past interactions with neighbors using the Pretérito Perfeito ('Eu falei com a minha vizinha ontem') or describe habitual actions using the Pretérito Imperfeito ('Antigamente, meus vizinhos eram mais barulhentos'). You also begin to learn common collocations and prepositions associated with the word, such as 'vizinho de cima' (upstairs neighbor) or 'vizinho do lado' (next-door neighbor). At this level, you can express simple opinions or complaints about your living situation. You might say, 'Não gosto do meu vizinho porque ele ouve música alta.' You also start to recognize the feminine form 'vizinha' and the plural 'vizinhos' more naturally in conversation. The concept of 'vizinhança' (neighborhood) might also be introduced, allowing you to describe your area more broadly. You are expected to handle basic social interactions, such as greeting a neighbor in the hallway or asking a neighbor for a small favor. The vocabulary expands to include related concepts like 'prédio' (building), 'rua' (street), and 'morar' (to live), creating a web of related terms that help you navigate daily life in a Lusophone city or town.

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At the B1 level, your use of 'vizinho' becomes more fluid and integrated into complex narratives. You can discuss the quality of your relationships with neighbors and how they affect your well-being. You might use the conditional to talk about hypothetical situations, such as 'Se eu tivesse vizinhos melhores, eu seria mais feliz.' You also start to use 'vizinho' as an adjective more frequently, describing 'países vizinhos' (neighboring countries) or 'casas vizinhas' (neighboring houses). B1 learners should be able to handle more complicated social situations, like negotiating a noise issue or discussing community rules in a 'reunião de condomínio'. You begin to understand cultural idioms involving neighbors, like 'a grama do vizinho é sempre mais verde'. Your ability to describe character traits of neighbors improves, moving beyond simple 'bom' or 'mau' to words like 'prestável' (helpful), 'discreto' (discreet), or 'inconveniente' (inconvenient). You can also write short texts or emails involving neighbors, perhaps asking for someone to collect your mail while you are away. The focus shifts from simple identification to describing the dynamics of the vizinhança and how it fits into the broader social fabric of the neighborhood (bairro).

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By the B2 level, you can use 'vizinho' in abstract and metaphorical ways. You understand its role in geopolitical discussions, such as the economic relations between Brazil and its 'vizinhos' in Mercosul. You can follow news reports that use 'vizinhos' as witnesses and understand the implications of their statements. In literature or film analysis, you might discuss the 'vizinho' as a symbol of the 'other' or as a catalyst for plot development. You are comfortable with the various registers of the word, from the informal gossip of a 'vizinha fofoqueira' to the formal language of a property deed. You can debate the pros and cons of different living arrangements (apartments vs. houses) and the specific 'problemas de vizinhança' (neighborhood problems) that arise in each. Your pronunciation is much more accurate, and you can distinguish between similar-sounding words without hesitation. You also begin to use the word in more sophisticated grammatical structures, such as the subjunctive in complex sentences: 'É importante que os vizinhos se respeitem para manter a harmonia.' You can also use the word to discuss social trends, such as how urbanization is changing the traditional 'relação de vizinhança' in large cities like São Paulo or Luanda.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the cultural and historical nuances of 'vizinho'. You can discuss the legal concept of 'direito de vizinhança' (neighborhood law) in the Portuguese or Brazilian Civil Code, which covers issues like shared walls, trees on boundaries, and the 'right to silence'. You understand the word's etymology and how it relates to other Romance languages. You can use 'vizinho' in highly formal writing, such as academic papers on sociology or urban planning, where you might discuss 'vizinhança' as a unit of social analysis. You are sensitive to the subtle differences between 'vizinho', 'morador', 'residente', and 'confinante', and you choose the appropriate term based on the context and desired tone. You can also appreciate and use humor or irony involving neighbors in complex social situations. In discussions about international politics, you can analyze the 'política de boa vizinhança' (good neighbor policy) and its historical significance. Your vocabulary is rich enough to describe the most minute details of neighborly interactions, and you can express complex emotions regarding your local community. You are essentially fluent in the 'language of the neighborhood', navigating both the physical and social spaces with the ease of a native speaker.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'vizinho' is complete. You can interpret the word's use in classical Portuguese literature, such as the works of Eça de Queirós or Machado de Assis, where neighborly relations often reflect the social hierarchies of the time. You can engage in high-level philosophical discussions about the 'neighbor' in the Levinasian sense—the ethical demand of the face of the other. You can use the word in poetry or creative writing to evoke specific moods or cultural settings. Your understanding of regional variations is also advanced; you know how the concept of a 'vizinho' might differ between a rural 'aldeia' in the Alentejo and a high-rise in Rio de Janeiro. You can navigate the most complex legal disputes involving 'vizinhos' with professional-level language. You are also aware of the word's use in specialized fields like biology (neighboring cells/species) or mathematics (neighboring points). At this level, 'vizinho' is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a versatile tool that you can use to express a vast range of human experiences and scientific concepts. You can effortlessly switch between all registers and nuances, demonstrating a native-like grasp of the word's place in the Portuguese language and its diverse cultures.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

vizinho 30秒で

Vizinho means neighbor. Use 'vizinho' for men and 'vizinha' for women. It is a fundamental word for describing your home life and local community in Portuguese.
The word functions as both a noun (neighbor) and an adjective (neighboring/adjacent). It requires agreement in gender and number with the subject it refers to.
Culturally, neighbors in Portuguese-speaking countries often have close social ties, involving mutual help, occasional gossip, and shared community responsibilities in buildings or streets.
Common phrases include 'vizinho de cima' (upstairs) and 'vizinho do lado' (next door). It is also used geopolitically for 'países vizinhos' (neighboring countries).

The Portuguese word vizinho (masculine) or vizinha (feminine) fundamentally refers to a person who lives near you. At its most basic level, it is the direct equivalent of the English word 'neighbor'. However, the cultural weight of being a vizinho in Portuguese-speaking cultures, particularly in Portugal and Brazil, often carries a deeper social connotation than in some individualistic Western urban centers. A vizinho is not just a person in the next apartment; they are often part of a semi-extended social network where 'pedir um pouco de açúcar' (asking for a bit of sugar) is a classic trope representing mutual aid and community trust.

Physical Proximity: The term specifically denotes proximity. In an apartment building, the vizinho de porta is the one directly across from you, while the vizinho de cima is the one upstairs, often associated with noise complaints.

O meu vizinho é muito simpático e sempre me ajuda com as compras.

Beyond individuals, vizinho can also be used as an adjective to describe things that are adjacent. For example, 'países vizinhos' refers to neighboring countries. In a geographical or geopolitical context, the word shifts from a personal relationship to a spatial one. This duality is important for learners: you can have a vizinho (a person) or live in a casa vizinha (an adjacent house). The word is derived from the Latin vicinus, which comes from vicus (village or group of houses), emphasizing the shared space that defines the term.

Social Dynamics: In many traditional Portuguese 'bairros' (neighborhoods), neighbors act as informal security and social support. The 'vizinha fofoqueira' (gossiping neighbor) is a common cultural archetype in telenovelas and jokes, representing the person who knows everything happening on the street.

A vizinha do terceiro andar viu quando ele chegou ontem à noite.

In more formal settings, such as legal documents or property disputes, the term confinante might be used for someone whose land borders yours, but in everyday speech, vizinho remains the undisputed choice. Whether you are complaining about 'barulho' (noise) or inviting someone for a 'churrasco' (barbecue), this word is essential for navigating daily life in a Lusophone environment. Understanding the nuances of vizinhança (neighborhood/neighborliness) helps you understand the collective nature of these societies.

Using vizinho correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as both a noun and an adjective, and how it interacts with prepositions. Most commonly, it functions as a noun preceded by an article (o, a, os, as) or a possessive adjective (meu, seu, nosso). When you want to specify which neighbor you are talking about, Portuguese uses descriptive phrases rather than compound nouns.

Common Prepositions: The preposition 'de' is frequently used to indicate location: 'o vizinho do lado' (the neighbor from next door), 'o vizinho de cima' (the neighbor from above), 'o vizinho da frente' (the neighbor from across the street).

Eu nunca falei com o meu vizinho de baixo, apesar de morarmos aqui há anos.

When used as an adjective, vizinho must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example, 'as cidades vizinhas' (the neighboring cities) or 'o prédio vizinho' (the neighboring building). In this context, it often replaces the English 'next' or 'adjacent'. It is also common to see it in the phrase 'próximo e vizinho', which is somewhat redundant but used for emphasis in legal or formal descriptions of proximity.

Verbal Collocations: Common verbs used with vizinho include 'conhecer' (to know), 'cumprimentar' (to greet), 'reclamar de' (to complain about), and 'pedir emprestado' (to borrow from).

Nós precisamos convidar os vizinhos para a festa de inauguração da casa.

In plural forms, 'vizinhos' can refer to a group of men or a mixed group of men and women. If you are specifically talking about a group of women, you must use 'vizinhas'. Another important aspect is the use of the word in the collective sense: 'a vizinhança'. While 'os vizinhos' refers to the people, 'a vizinhança' refers to the neighborhood or the community of neighbors as a whole. You might say 'A vizinhança é tranquila' to mean the area and the people in it are quiet.

O gato da vizinha está sempre no meu jardim.

You will encounter the word vizinho in a variety of everyday settings, ranging from mundane domestic interactions to formal news reporting. In residential buildings (condomínios), the word is ubiquitous. You'll hear it in the elevator ('Bom dia, vizinho!'), at the 'reunião de condomínio' (homeowners association meeting), and in WhatsApp groups created for residents of the same street or building. In these contexts, it serves as both a label and a way to establish a shared identity.

News and Media: In crime reporting or local news, 'vizinhos' are frequently interviewed as witnesses. You will often hear phrases like 'segundo relato de vizinhos' (according to reports from neighbors).

Os vizinhos chamaram a polícia após ouvirem o barulho da discussão.

In pop culture, specifically Brazilian telenovelas, the 'vizinho' is a staple character. They are often the source of comedy or conflict, acting as the eyes and ears of the community. This reflects the reality of many Brazilian 'vilas' or Portuguese 'aldeias', where everyone knows everyone else's business. You might also hear the word in proverbs and idiomatic expressions, such as 'A grama do vizinho é sempre mais verde' (The neighbor's grass is always greener), illustrating how deeply the concept is embedded in the cultural psyche.

Não quero ser aquele vizinho chato que reclama de tudo, mas a música está muito alta.

Geopolitically, the word appears in discussions about international relations. For example, Brazil's relationship with its 'vizinhos sul-americanos' (South American neighbors) is a frequent topic in political discourse. Similarly, Portugal's historical and modern relationship with its 'vizinho espanhol' (Spanish neighbor) is often discussed using this term. In these cases, vizinho transcends the individual and becomes a metaphor for national proximity and diplomatic ties.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with vizinho is related to gender agreement. Since English uses the gender-neutral 'neighbor', students often forget to switch to vizinha when referring to a woman. Another frequent error is the confusion between vizinho and próximo. While both can mean 'near', vizinho specifically implies residential or geographical adjacency, whereas próximo is more general and can also mean 'fellow man' in a religious or philosophical sense (like 'love thy neighbor').

Preposition Errors: Learners often say 'vizinho para mim' instead of 'meu vizinho' or 'vizinho de...'. The relationship of proximity is usually expressed with 'de'.

Errado: A vizinho é simpática. Correto: A vizinha é simpática.

Pronunciation can also be a hurdle. The 'nh' sound in vizinho is a palatal nasal, similar to the 'ny' in 'canyon' or the 'ñ' in Spanish. English speakers sometimes pronounce it as a simple 'n' or 'ng', which can make the word difficult for natives to understand. Practicing the 'nh' sound is crucial. Additionally, the 'z' in vizinho is voiced, like the 'z' in 'zebra', not an 's' sound. Mispronouncing it as 'vissinho' is a common trait of beginner learners.

Finally, there's the usage of the plural. In Portuguese, if you have one male neighbor and ten female neighbors, the group is still referred to as 'meus vizinhos' (masculine plural). Using 'minhas vizinhas' only works if every single person in the group is female. This is a general rule of Portuguese grammar that often trips up speakers of languages with different gender-neutralizing conventions. Also, avoid using 'vizinho' when you actually mean 'bairro' (neighborhood). You live no bairro, but you talk com o vizinho.

Errado: Eu gosto do meu vizinho (referring to the area). Correto: Eu gosto do meu bairro.

While vizinho is the most common term, several other words can be used depending on the register and specific context. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more natural and precise in your Portuguese. The most direct synonym in a residential context is morador (resident) or habitante (inhabitant), though these are more clinical and less focused on the relationship between people.

Vizinho vs. Próximo: 'Vizinho' refers to spatial proximity (next door). 'Próximo' can mean 'next' (in a sequence) or 'fellow human' (biblical context). You wouldn't call the person next door 'meu próximo' in a casual chat.

O morador do 402 reclamou do barulho, mas o vizinho do 401 não ouviu nada.

In formal or technical contexts, especially regarding land and property, you might see confinante (bordering/abutting) or adjacente (adjacent). These words are rarely used in conversation but are common in real estate or legal documents. Another related term is conterrâneo, which refers to someone from the same town or region. While a conterrâneo isn't necessarily a vizinho (they might live across the country now), there is a similar sense of shared origin and community.

Formal Alternatives: In a legal context, a neighbor can be called a 'terceiro interessado' (interested third party) if they are involved in a dispute regarding a nearby property.

As propriedades confinantes devem respeitar os limites do terreno.

Finally, consider the word vizinhança. While it can mean 'neighborhood' (like bairro), it more specifically refers to the group of neighbors or the state of being neighbors. If you say 'A vizinhança é unida', you are praising the people who live near each other. If you say 'Moro em uma vizinhança barulhenta', you are describing the environment created by those people. Using these variations correctly allows you to navigate different social and professional levels of Portuguese communication.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root 'vicus' also gives us the English suffix '-wich' (as in Norwich) and the word 'vicinity'. In ancient times, being a 'vizinho' was a formal status that carried specific communal duties.

発音ガイド

UK /viˈzi.ɲu/

US /viˈzi.ɲu/

The stress is on the second syllable: vi-ZI-nho.

韻が合う語

caminho (path) carinho (affection) sozinho (alone) passarinho (little bird) vinho (wine) ninho (nest) moinho (mill) espinho (thorn)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'nh' as a simple 'n'.
Pronouncing the 'z' as an 's' (vissinho).
Over-emphasizing the final 'o' instead of letting it soften into a 'u' sound.
Confusing the 'v' with a 'b' sound (common for some Spanish speakers).
Making the first 'i' too short, like the 'i' in 'bit'.

難易度

読解 1/5

The word is short and follows standard Portuguese spelling rules. It is very easy to recognize in text.

ライティング 2/5

The 'nh' spelling can be tricky for beginners to remember at first.

スピーキング 3/5

The 'nh' nasal sound requires practice for English speakers to produce naturally.

リスニング 2/5

The nasal sound is distinctive, making it relatively easy to identify in spoken conversation.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

casa morar pessoa perto lado

次に学ぶ

vizinhança bairro prédio morador condomínio

上級

confinante adjacente jurisprudência alteridade geopolítica

知っておくべき文法

Gender Agreement

O vizinho (male), A vizinha (female).

Number Agreement

Um vizinho, Dois vizinhos.

Possessive Adjectives

Meu vizinho, Sua vizinha.

Preposition 'de' for location

O vizinho de cima, a vizinha do lado.

Adjectival use

O prédio vizinho (The neighboring building).

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レベル別の例文

O meu vizinho é brasileiro.

My neighbor is Brazilian.

Masculine singular noun 'vizinho' with possessive 'meu'.

A minha vizinha tem um gato.

My neighbor has a cat.

Feminine singular noun 'vizinha' with possessive 'minha'.

Os meus vizinhos são simpáticos.

My neighbors are nice.

Masculine plural 'vizinhos' used for a mixed group.

Eu moro ao lado do vizinho.

I live next to the neighbor.

Prepositional phrase 'ao lado de' + article 'o'.

Quem é o seu vizinho?

Who is your neighbor?

Interrogative 'Quem' with possessive 'seu'.

A vizinha de cima faz barulho.

The neighbor from above makes noise.

Locative phrase 'de cima' specifying the neighbor.

O vizinho novo chegou hoje.

The new neighbor arrived today.

Adjective 'novo' following the noun 'vizinho'.

Bom dia, vizinho!

Good morning, neighbor!

Vocative use of 'vizinho'.

Eu conheci o meu vizinho ontem.

I met my neighbor yesterday.

Past tense 'conheci' (Pretérito Perfeito).

A vizinha do lado é muito discreta.

The next-door neighbor is very discreet.

Descriptive adjective 'discreta'.

Nós sempre ajudamos os nossos vizinhos.

We always help our neighbors.

Present tense indicating habitual action.

O vizinho de baixo reclamou da música.

The downstairs neighbor complained about the music.

Verb 'reclamar' followed by preposition 'de'.

Vocês falaram com a vizinha nova?

Did you (plural) speak with the new neighbor?

Question in the Pretérito Perfeito.

O prédio vizinho é muito antigo.

The neighboring building is very old.

'Vizinho' acting as an adjective.

Eu pedi açúcar para o meu vizinho.

I asked my neighbor for sugar.

Preposition 'para' indicating the recipient.

As minhas vizinhas são professoras.

My neighbors (all female) are teachers.

Feminine plural 'vizinhas'.

Se o vizinho não parar o barulho, chamarei a polícia.

If the neighbor doesn't stop the noise, I will call the police.

Conditional sentence structure.

A vizinhança organizou uma festa de rua.

The neighborhood organized a street party.

Collective noun 'vizinhança'.

Sempre dizem que a grama do vizinho é mais verde.

They always say the neighbor's grass is greener.

Idiomatic expression.

O Brasil tem fronteiras com muitos países vizinhos.

Brazil has borders with many neighboring countries.

'Vizinhos' as an adjective for countries.

Eu costumava brincar com os filhos da vizinha.

I used to play with the neighbor's children.

Pretérito Imperfeito for past habits.

É difícil conviver com vizinhos mal-educados.

It is difficult to live with rude neighbors.

Compound adjective 'mal-educados'.

A vizinha fofoqueira sabe tudo sobre a vida de todos.

The gossiping neighbor knows everything about everyone's life.

Cultural archetype 'vizinha fofoqueira'.

Nós dividimos o muro com o vizinho do lado direito.

We share the wall with the neighbor on the right side.

Specific locative 'do lado direito'.

A relação entre os vizinhos deteriorou-se após a discussão.

The relationship between the neighbors deteriorated after the argument.

Pronominal verb 'deteriorar-se'.

Os vizinhos serviram como testemunhas do ocorrido.

The neighbors served as witnesses to the occurrence.

Formal use of 'vizinhos' in a legal/news context.

É preciso ter paciência para manter a harmonia na vizinhança.

It is necessary to have patience to maintain harmony in the neighborhood.

Impersonal expression 'É preciso'.

O barulho excessivo é a principal causa de conflitos entre vizinhos.

Excessive noise is the main cause of conflicts between neighbors.

Abstract noun 'conflitos'.

A vizinha de porta sempre me avisa quando chega uma encomenda.

The next-door neighbor always lets me know when a package arrives.

Specific term 'vizinha de porta'.

A política de boa vizinhança é essencial para a diplomacia.

The good neighbor policy is essential for diplomacy.

Diplomatic term 'boa vizinhança'.

Muitas vezes, não conhecemos sequer o nome do nosso vizinho.

Often, we don't even know our neighbor's name.

Adverb 'sequer' for emphasis.

O terreno vizinho foi vendido para uma grande construtora.

The neighboring land was sold to a large construction company.

Passive voice 'foi vendido'.

O direito de vizinhança regula as limitações ao uso da propriedade.

Neighborhood law regulates the limitations on the use of property.

Legal terminology 'direito de vizinhança'.

A proximidade com o vizinho gera obrigações mútua de respeito.

Proximity to the neighbor generates mutual obligations of respect.

Formal abstract phrasing.

O autor descreve minuciosamente a vida pacata dos vizinhos da aldeia.

The author meticulously describes the quiet life of the village neighbors.

Literary register.

A solidariedade entre vizinhos é um pilar das comunidades rurais.

Solidarity among neighbors is a pillar of rural communities.

Sociological context.

O conflito escalou para uma disputa judicial entre vizinhos confinantes.

The conflict escalated into a legal dispute between bordering neighbors.

Technical term 'confinantes'.

A gentrificação está a alterar a demografia da vizinhança local.

Gentrification is altering the demographics of the local neighborhood.

Modern urban planning terminology.

Não se deve confundir a caridade com o simples dever de vizinhança.

One should not confuse charity with the simple duty of neighborliness.

Philosophical distinction.

As estrelas vizinhas ao sol são alvos de intensas pesquisas astronômicas.

The stars neighboring the sun are targets of intense astronomical research.

Scientific application of 'vizinho'.

A alteridade manifesta-se de forma pungente na figura do vizinho desconhecido.

Otherness manifests itself poignantly in the figure of the unknown neighbor.

Philosophical register (Alterity).

A jurisprudência sobre o direito de vizinhança é vasta e complexa.

Case law on neighborhood rights is vast and complex.

High-level legal terminology.

O romance explora as tensões latentes entre vizinhos de diferentes estratos sociais.

The novel explores the latent tensions between neighbors of different social strata.

Literary analysis.

A política externa prioriza a integração com os estados vizinhos.

Foreign policy prioritizes integration with neighboring states.

Geopolitical discourse.

A simbiose entre as espécies vizinhas no ecossistema é fundamental.

The symbiosis between neighboring species in the ecosystem is fundamental.

Biological application.

O conceito de vizinho transcende a mera contiguidade física na era digital.

The concept of neighbor transcends mere physical contiguity in the digital age.

Sociological/Philosophical abstraction.

A interdependência dos mercados vizinhos pode gerar crises sistêmicas.

The interdependence of neighboring markets can generate systemic crises.

Economic analysis.

Na obra machadiana, o vizinho é frequentemente um observador cínico da moralidade alheia.

In Machado's work, the neighbor is often a cynical observer of others' morality.

Specific literary reference (Machado de Assis).

よく使う組み合わせ

vizinho de cima

vizinho de baixo

vizinho do lado

países vizinhos

vizinho de porta

vizinho fofoqueiro

vizinho novo

relação de vizinhança

vizinho barulhento

vizinho de frente

よく使うフレーズ

Bom dia, vizinho!

— A standard friendly greeting for someone living nearby. It establishes a polite social connection.

Bom dia, vizinho! Como vai a família?

Pedir um favor ao vizinho

— The act of asking a neighbor for a small help, like borrowing an ingredient. It reflects community trust.

Vou pedir um favor ao vizinho e ver se ele tem sal.

Muro do vizinho

— The physical wall separating two properties. Often a topic of legal or social discussion.

A árvore caiu por cima do muro do vizinho.

Casa do vizinho

— The physical residence of the neighbor. Used to give directions or describe events.

A festa vai ser na casa do vizinho.

Barulho de vizinho

— A common complaint in urban living. Refers to noise coming from adjacent homes.

Estou cansado desse barulho de vizinho constante.

Vizinho de longa data

— A neighbor who has lived near you for many years. Implies a deeper relationship.

Ele é um vizinho de longa data, conheço-o há vinte anos.

Problemas de vizinhança

— General conflicts or issues that arise between people living close together.

Eles estão com problemas de vizinhança por causa do lixo.

Convidar o vizinho

— To invite a neighbor to a social event. Common in housewarmings.

Vamos convidar o vizinho para o churrasco no domingo.

O gato do vizinho

— A common trope for a pet that enters another person's property. Often used in stories.

O gato do vizinho está dormindo no meu sofá de novo.

Vigilância do vizinho

— The informal act of neighbors watching out for each other's property.

A vigilância do vizinho ajudou a evitar o roubo.

よく混同される語

vizinho vs próximo

Próximo means 'next' or 'near', while vizinho specifically means 'neighbor' (person living nearby).

vizinho vs vazio

Vazio means 'empty'. It sounds slightly similar but has no relation to vizinho.

vizinho vs vinho

Vinho means 'wine'. It rhymes with vizinho and shares the 'nh' sound.

慣用句と表現

"A grama do vizinho é sempre mais verde"

— People tend to think that others' lives or possessions are better than their own. It reflects envy or lack of contentment.

Pare de se comparar com ela; a grama do vizinho é sempre mais verde.

popular

"Quem tem bom vizinho, tem bom amigo"

— Having a good neighbor is as valuable as having a good friend because of the support they provide.

Ela me ajudou muito quando fiquei doente. Quem tem bom vizinho, tem bom amigo.

proverb

"Vizinho é parente mais próximo"

— A neighbor is often more available to help in an emergency than a relative who lives far away.

Chamei o Sr. João quando o cano estourou; vizinho é parente mais próximo.

popular

"Não faças a teu vizinho o que não queres para ti"

— The Golden Rule applied specifically to those living nearby. Emphasizes respect and empathy.

Não ouça música alta à noite; não faças a teu vizinho o que não queres para ti.

proverb

"Cada um no seu quadrado"

— While not using the word 'vizinho', it's the primary idiom for 'mind your own business' regarding neighbors.

Eu não me meto na vida deles, cada um no seu quadrado.

informal

"Vizinho, olho no caminho"

— A warning that neighbors are often watching and noticing what you do. Refers to the lack of privacy.

Tome cuidado ao chegar tarde, vizinho, olho no caminho.

old-fashioned

"Fazer fofoca de vizinho"

— To engage in gossip about the people living nearby. A very common social activity/stereotype.

Elas passam a tarde fazendo fofoca de vizinho no portão.

informal

"Dar um pulinho no vizinho"

— To go to the neighbor's house quickly for a short visit or favor.

Vou dar um pulinho no vizinho para devolver a chave.

informal

"Vizinho de parede-meia"

— A neighbor who shares a physical wall with you. Implies very close proximity.

Somos vizinhos de parede-meia, ouço tudo o que eles dizem.

neutral

"Amigo do vizinho"

— Sometimes used ironically for someone who is too friendly or intrusive in other people's business.

Lá vem o 'amigo do vizinho' querendo saber da minha vida.

slang

間違えやすい

vizinho vs próximo

Both relate to proximity.

Vizinho is a person or adjacent object; próximo is a general distance or sequence.

O próximo ônibus chega logo; o meu vizinho pega o ônibus comigo.

vizinho vs bairro

Both relate to where you live.

Bairro is the whole neighborhood/district; vizinho is the person.

Eu gosto do meu bairro e dos meus vizinhos.

vizinho vs colega

Both are social relations.

Colega is a coworker or classmate; vizinho is someone who lives near you.

Meu colega de trabalho também é meu vizinho.

vizinho vs inquilino

Both relate to housing.

Inquilino is a tenant (legal status); vizinho is a spatial relation.

O novo inquilino do 202 é um vizinho muito calmo.

vizinho vs parente

Idiom 'vizinho é parente mais próximo'.

Parente is a family member; vizinho is a neighbor.

Não tenho parentes nesta cidade, apenas vizinhos.

文型パターン

[Possessive] vizinho é [Adjective].

Meu vizinho é simpático.

Eu [Verb in Past] com o vizinho.

Eu falei com o vizinho.

O vizinho de [Location] [Verb].

O vizinho de cima faz barulho.

A relação com os vizinhos é [Adjective].

A relação com os vizinhos é complicada.

O direito de vizinhança prevê [Legal concept].

O direito de vizinhança prevê o respeito ao silêncio.

A figura do vizinho representa [Abstract concept].

A figura do vizinho representa a alteridade cotidiana.

A vizinha tem [Noun].

A vizinha tem um gato.

Nós moramos no prédio [Adjective].

Nós moramos no prédio vizinho.

語族

名詞

vizinhança (neighborhood/neighborliness)

vizinhanço (collective of neighbors - less common)

動詞

avizinhar-se (to approach/to become a neighbor)

vizinhar (to be a neighbor/to border)

形容詞

vizinho (neighboring/adjacent)

avizinhado (nearby/bordering)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily life.

よくある間違い

O vizinho é simpática. → O vizinho é simpático / A vizinha é simpática.
Adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun. Vizinho is masculine, vizinha is feminine.
Eu moro no meu vizinho. → Eu moro ao lado do meu vizinho / Eu moro na casa do meu vizinho.
You live 'next to' or 'in the house of' a neighbor, not 'in' the person.
Meus vizinhos é barulhento. → Meus vizinhos são barulhentos.
The verb and the adjective must be in the plural form to match 'vizinhos'.
O vizinho de próximo. → O vizinho do lado.
English speakers often translate 'next neighbor' literally. In Portuguese, we use 'do lado' (from the side).
A vizinhança são chatos. → A vizinhança é chata / Os vizinhos são chatos.
Vizinhança is a singular collective noun. The verb and adjective must be singular.

ヒント

Master the NH

Don't say 'vi-zin-o'. The 'nh' is one sound. Imagine you are saying 'onion' but with more emphasis on the 'ny' part.

Gender Agreement

Always look at the person you are talking about. 'A vizinha' for women, 'O vizinho' for men. It's a small change that makes a big difference in fluency.

Spatial Prepositions

Learn 'de cima' (above), 'de baixo' (below), and 'do lado' (next door) together with vizinho. They are almost always used together.

Small Talk

In many Lusophone cultures, it's polite to say 'Bom dia' or 'Boa tarde' to your neighbors when you see them, even if you don't know them well.

Collective Nouns

Use 'vizinhança' to describe the vibe of your street. 'A vizinhança é calma' sounds more natural than 'Os vizinhos são calmos' when talking about the area.

Borrowing Things

The phrase 'pedir uma xícara de açúcar' is a classic. Use it to talk about neighborly favors.

The Grass is Greener

Learn 'A grama do vizinho é sempre mais verde'. It's a great way to use the word in a common philosophical context.

Context Clues

When you hear 'vizinho' in the news, it's almost always followed by what they saw or heard. Listen for 'viu' or 'ouviu'.

Adjectival Use

Remember that 'vizinho' can describe objects too. 'O quarto vizinho' is the room next to yours.

Formal Situations

In a contract, look for 'confinante'. It's the 'fancy' version of vizinho used for property lines.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the word 'vicinity'. A 'vizinho' is someone in your immediate vicinity. The 'z' is like the 'z' in 'zone'—your neighbor is in your home zone.

視覚的連想

Imagine a shared wall with a giant 'Z' painted on it. On one side is you, on the other is your 'vi-Z-inho'.

Word Web

casa apartamento rua bairro barulho ajuda amigo fronteira

チャレンジ

Try to identify three 'vizinhos' in your life and say their names followed by 'é meu vizinho' or 'é minha vizinha' out loud.

語源

From the Latin word 'vicinus', meaning 'neighbor' or 'of the same village'.

元の意味： A person belonging to the same 'vicus' (village, street, or group of houses).

Romance (Indo-European).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using the term 'vizinho fofoqueiro' as it can be offensive. Also, always respect the gender of the person you are referring to.

English speakers might find the level of interaction with Portuguese-speaking neighbors surprisingly high or intrusive compared to the 'mind your own business' culture of many US or UK suburbs.

The song 'Vizinha Fofoqueira' by various Samba artists. The classic 'reunião de condomínio' scenes in Brazilian comedies like 'Os Normais'. The 'vizinho' as a character in the works of Eça de Queirós.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At home

Falar com o vizinho
Ouvir o vizinho
Pedir algo ao vizinho
Ajudar o vizinho

In an apartment building

Vizinho de cima
Vizinho de porta
Reunião de vizinhos
Barulho no vizinho

In a neighborhood

Boa vizinhança
Segurança do bairro
Conhecer os vizinhos
Festa da vizinhança

In the news

Relato de vizinhos
Vizinhos chamaram a polícia
Conflito entre vizinhos
Testemunha vizinha

Geography/Politics

Países vizinhos
Estado vizinho
Cidade vizinha
Fronteira vizinha

会話のきっかけ

"Você conhece bem os seus vizinhos ou prefere manter distância?"

"Qual foi a coisa mais estranha que você já ouviu de um vizinho?"

"Você já teve algum problema sério com um vizinho barulhento?"

"Você acha que é importante ser amigo dos vizinhos hoje em dia?"

"Na sua opinião, o que define um 'bom vizinho'?"

日記のテーマ

Descreva o seu vizinho favorito e explique por que você gosta dele.

Escreva sobre uma vez em que você precisou pedir um favor a um vizinho.

Como é a relação entre as pessoas na sua vizinhança? É unida ou cada um vive sua vida?

Imagine que você tem um vizinho famoso. Quem seria e como seria sua rotina?

Reflita sobre como a tecnologia mudou a forma como interagimos com as pessoas que moram perto de nós.

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'vizinho' is masculine. For a woman, you must use 'vizinha'. In the plural, 'vizinhos' can refer to a mixed group or only men, while 'vizinhas' is only for a group of women.

You can say 'vizinho do lado' or 'vizinho de porta'. Both are very common and natural.

'Vizinho' refers to the individual person. 'Vizinhança' refers to the neighborhood as a whole or the collective group of neighbors.

Yes. It can mean 'neighboring' or 'adjacent'. For example: 'o país vizinho' (the neighboring country).

It is a nasal sound made by pressing the middle of your tongue against the roof of your mouth, similar to the 'ny' in the English word 'canyon'.

It is neutral and can be used in almost any context, from a casual chat to a news report.

It's a common cultural stereotype of a neighbor who gossips about everyone else in the street or building.

When specifying location, use 'de' (vizinho de cima). When used as an adjective meaning 'close to', you can use 'a' (um prédio vizinho à escola).

Yes, it is traditionally very common, although this is decreasing in large, modern urban centers.

You can use the verb 'reclamar'. For example: 'Vou reclamar do barulho do vizinho'.

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