A1 · 初級 チャプター 12

Location and Prepositions

2 トータルルール
20 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Navigate the Russian world by mastering how to describe your location using the Prepositional case.

  • Identify the Prepositional case endings for nouns.
  • Distinguish when to use the 'в' and 'на' prepositions.
  • Describe locations like cities, buildings, and surfaces.
Master your location: Find your way in Russian!

学べること

Introduction to the Prepositional case for location. Using basic prepositions like 'v' and 'na'.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use the Prepositional case to accurately state your current location in a city or building.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Я сейчас в парке.

I am in the park right now.

どこにいる？ (前置格)
2

Где ты? — Я на работе.

Where are you? — I'm at work.

どこにいる？ (前置格)
3

Я сейчас в кафе, пью латте.

I'm in a cafe right now, drinking a latte.

ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)
4

Твои ключи на столе у двери.

Your keys are on the table by the door.

ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)

ヒントとコツ (2)

💡

The 'E' Rule

If you're stuck, just add '-e'. It's correct for about 95% of nouns in the Prepositional singular!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこにいる？ (前置格)
⚠️

The 'Work' Trap

Never say 'в работе' for being at your job. It's always 'на работе'. 'В работе' means something is currently being processed (like a support ticket).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)

重要な語彙 (6)

в in на on/at парк park школа school почта post office университет university

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting a Friend

Review Summary

  • Noun + -е (usually)
  • в/на + Noun-е

よくある間違い

You forgot the Prepositional case ending! Always add -е when talking about location.

Wrong: Я в парк.
正解: Я в парке.

Some places like 'post office' use 'на' instead of 'в'. Think of it as 'at' the service point.

Wrong: Я в почте.
正解: Я на почте.

Universities are buildings, so we use 'в' to mean 'inside'.

Wrong: Он на университете.
正解: Он в университете.

Next Steps

You've made great progress! Keep practicing these locations and you'll be navigating Russian cities like a local soon.

Label items in your room with sticky notes using the Prepositional case.

Continue to: Daily Routine Verbs

クイック練習 (6)

Which sentence is correct for 'I live in Moscow'?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я живу в Москве.
Moscow (Москва) is feminine, so the 'а' changes to 'е', and we use 'в' for cities.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこにいる？ (前置格)

Find and fix the mistake

Find and fix the mistake:

Мы живём на Берлине.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Мы живём в Берлине.
Cities always take the preposition 'в' and the ending '-е'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)

Find and fix the mistake in the location.

Find and fix the mistake:

Книга на стола.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Книга на столе.
The noun 'стол' (table) is masculine; in the Prepositional case, it becomes 'столе'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこにいる？ (前置格)

Which sentence is correct?

Choose the grammatically correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Книга на столе.
A table is a surface, so we use 'на' plus the Prepositional case ending '-е'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)

Fill in the blank with 'в' or 'на'

Я сейчас ___ (работе).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: на
Work ('работа') always takes the preposition 'на' in Russian.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の前置詞「〜の中に」と「〜の上に」(в と на)

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'ресторан' (restaurant).

Мы сейчас в ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ресторане
Masculine nouns ending in a consonant add '-е' in the Prepositional case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこにいる？ (前置格)

Score: /6

よくある質問 (4)

It is the case used to show location (where something is) or the topic of conversation (what something is about). It always requires a preposition like 'в', 'на', or 'о'.
Because it literally cannot be used without a preposition. Unlike other cases that can stand alone, this one always needs a 'partner' word.
It's the case used specifically for location after 'в' and 'на'. Most words just add an '-е' to the end.
Nouns ending in '-ия' (like Россия) or '-ие' (like здание) change to '-ии' in the Prepositional case. For example: 'в России'.
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Possession and Belonging
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Daily Routine Verbs
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