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A2 verb 9分で読める

переходить

練習する 例文 メモとヒント переходить 30秒で
解説 переходить in your Level:
The verb переходить is likely too advanced for A1 learners. At this stage, learners are focusing on basic greetings, introductions, and very simple descriptions. The concept of 'crossing' or 'moving' in a way that requires this specific verb might not be relevant to their immediate communication needs. They might encounter it in simple sentences, but active production would be unlikely. For example, a simple sentence like "Я перехожу дорогу" (I am crossing the road) might be understood if presented visually, but constructing it independently would be a challenge. Learners at A1 are typically working with verbs like 'быть' (to be), 'есть' (to eat), 'пить' (to drink), 'жить' (to live), and basic verbs of action like 'идти' (to go) or 'смотреть' (to look). The nuances of aspect and prepositions associated with переходить are beyond the scope of A1. The focus is on survival phrases and immediate environmental descriptions. Therefore, while A1 learners might recognize the word in a very simplified context, it's not a target vocabulary item for this level.
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At the A2 level, learners can start to handle more practical and familiar situations. The verb переходить becomes relevant, particularly its meaning of 'to cross' a street or a physical space. Learners at this level are expected to understand and use simple sentences about daily routines, directions, and common activities. The imperfective aspect of переходить is more likely to be introduced first, as it describes ongoing actions. For example, understanding sentences like "Ребёнок переходит улицу с мамой" (The child is crossing the street with mom) is achievable. The perfective aspect перейти might also be introduced for simple completed actions. The concept of 'transitioning' to a new state or place might be too abstract for A2, but the literal meaning of crossing is accessible. Learners at A2 can begin to form simple sentences using this verb, often with common prepositions like 'через' (through/across). They are moving beyond basic vocabulary and starting to grasp grammatical structures that allow for more descriptive language.
For B1 learners, переходить becomes a more actively used verb. They can handle both the literal meaning of 'to cross' and the more abstract meaning of 'to transition' or 'to move' to a new state, job, or phase of life. At this level, learners are expected to understand and produce more complex sentences, engage in conversations on familiar topics, and express opinions. They will encounter переходить in contexts like discussing career changes, educational progression, or personal development. They should also be comfortable with the distinction between the imperfective переходить (ongoing, habitual, process) and the perfective перейти (completed action). They will learn to use it with various prepositions and cases to convey specific meanings. For example, understanding and using phrases like "переходить на новую работу" (to move to a new job) or "переходить через дорогу" (to cross the road) is expected. This verb is crucial for discussing changes and movements in life.
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At the B2 level, learners are expected to have a solid grasp of переходить and its nuances. They can confidently use it in both literal and figurative senses, understanding its application in discussions about societal changes, economic transitions, personal growth, and complex logistical movements. They are adept at distinguishing between the imperfective переходить and the perfective перейти, applying them appropriately in varied sentence structures. They can also navigate the subtle differences in meaning conveyed by different prepositions and cases used with переходить. For instance, they can discuss a government переходящее (transitioning) to new policies or an individual переходящий (moving) from one ideology to another. The verb is frequently used in news reports, formal discussions, and literature, all of which B2 learners are engaging with.
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For C1 learners, переходить is a familiar tool, but they are expected to use it with greater precision and awareness of its stylistic implications. They can employ it in sophisticated arguments, literary analysis, and nuanced descriptions of complex transitions. This includes understanding its use in more abstract or philosophical contexts, such as переходить from one philosophical school to another, or the переходящее (transitional) nature of historical periods. C1 learners can also recognize and utilize idiomatic expressions or more formal usages involving переходить. They have a deep understanding of aspect and can deploy переходить and перейти in complex sentence structures to convey precise temporal and completion nuances. They are also sensitive to the register in which переходить is used, whether in formal academic writing or more colloquial speech.
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At the C2 level, переходить is fully integrated into a native-like command of the language. C2 learners use it effortlessly and with a high degree of sophistication, understanding its subtle connotations and idiomatic uses. They can analyze its function in literary texts, political discourse, and nuanced philosophical debates. This includes recognizing its role in expressing not just simple transitions but also the gradual nature of change, the crossing of ethical boundaries, or the evolution of complex systems. They have an intuitive command of aspect, seamlessly choosing between переходить and перейти to achieve the desired rhetorical effect. They can also identify and employ less common or archaic usages if encountered in specific texts. Essentially, переходить is one of many tools in their extensive linguistic arsenal, used with the same mastery as a native speaker.
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練習する 例文 メモとヒント

переходить 30秒で

  • Cross streets, rivers, borders.
  • Move to new jobs, stages, or states.
  • Imperfective verb for ongoing movement/transition.
  • Perfective is <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перейти</strong>.

The Russian verb переходить (perekhodit') is a fundamental verb with two primary meanings: 'to cross' and 'to move' or 'to transfer'. It's incredibly versatile and used in a wide array of everyday situations, from physical movements to abstract transitions.

Literal Crossing
This is the most direct meaning. You use переходить when talking about moving from one side of something to the other. This can be a street, a river, a border, or even a threshold. For instance, crossing a street is a very common scenario where this verb is applied.
Figurative Transition
Beyond physical movement, переходить also signifies a transition or a change from one state, condition, or phase to another. This can be moving from childhood to adulthood, from one job to another, or from one topic to another in a conversation. It implies a progression or a shift.
Moving to a New Place
It can also describe the act of moving from one place to another, especially within a building or a confined area, like moving from one room to another or transferring from one school to another. This meaning is closely related to the idea of 'transferring'.
Transferring Ownership or Responsibility
In a more abstract sense, it can mean to transfer something, like a property, a title, or even a responsibility, from one person or entity to another. This often appears in legal or official contexts.

Please переходить the street at the designated crosswalk.

Understanding the context is key to grasping which specific meaning of переходить is being used. It's a verb that marks movement, change, and progression, making it indispensable in the Russian language.

The company is planning to переходить to a new software system next quarter.

Movement and Change
The core idea behind переходить is the act of traversing or undergoing a transformation. Think of it as a bridge between two points, states, or situations.
Versatility in Context
Whether you are talking about physically walking across a road, metaphorically transitioning to a new phase of life, or technologically moving to a new system, переходить is the verb you'll likely use. Its broad application makes it a high-frequency word.

She will переходить from her current role to a management position.

Mastering переходить involves understanding its grammatical behavior and the contexts in which it thrives. As an imperfective verb, it describes an ongoing, repeated, or habitual action, or the process of an action. Its perfective counterpart, перейти, signifies a completed action.

Physical Crossing

When referring to crossing a physical space, переходить is often followed by the preposition 'через' (cherez) and the accusative case of the noun indicating what is being crossed.

Crossing a Street
Мы должны переходить улицу по пешеходному переходу.
(My dolzhny perekhodit' ulitsu po peshekhodnomu perekhodu.)
We must cross the street at the crosswalk.
Crossing a River
Лодка медленно переходила через реку.
(Lodka medlenno perekhodila cherez reku.)
The boat was slowly crossing the river.

Transitions and Movements

For transitions, переходить is often used with the preposition 'на' (na) followed by the accusative case, indicating the new state or place.

Moving to a New Job
Он переходит на новую работу в следующем месяце.
(On perekhodit na novuyu rabotu v sleduyushchem mesyatse.)
He is moving to a new job next month.
Changing Subject
Давайте переходить к следующему пункту повестки дня.
(Davayte perekhodit' k sleduyushchemu punktu povestki dnya.)
Let's move on to the next item on the agenda.
Transitioning to a New Phase
Дети быстро переходят из одного возраста в другой.
(Deti bystro perekhodyat iz odnogo vozrasta v drugoy.)
Children quickly transition from one age to another.

Grammatical Considerations

The verb переходить conjugates like other first-conjugation verbs. Remember to pay attention to aspect: use переходить for ongoing or repeated actions and перейти for a single, completed instance of crossing or moving.

The students are переходить to a new classroom now.

The team is переходить to a more defensive strategy.

The verb переходить is ubiquitous in Russian speech and media. You'll encounter it in a variety of everyday settings, reflecting its core meanings of crossing and transitioning.

Street and Traffic Situations

This is perhaps the most common context. When people talk about traffic, safety, or simply navigating a city, переходить is the go-to verb.

Instruction to pedestrians
Examples: "Переходи дорогу только на зеленый свет." (Cross the road only on a green light.) or "Будьте осторожны, когда переходите улицу." (Be careful when crossing the street.)
Traffic news
Reports about accidents often involve phrases like "автомобиль не уступил дорогу пешеходу, который переходил улицу." (the car did not yield to the pedestrian who was crossing the street.)

Work and Education

The 'transition' meaning is very prevalent in professional and academic settings.

Career changes
"Я перехожу на новую должность в другой компании." (I am moving to a new position in another company.)
Academic progression
"После окончания школы студенты переходят в университет." (After finishing school, students move on to university.)
Technological or systemic changes
"Наша компания переходит на новую систему управления." (Our company is transitioning to a new management system.)

Personal Life and Development

The verb also captures personal growth and changes in life stages.

Life stages
"Он переходит во взрослую жизнь." (He is moving into adult life.)
Habits and routines
"Я стараюсь переходить на здоровое питание." (I am trying to transition to a healthy diet.)

The news report mentioned that the river was difficult to переходить after the heavy rain.

The politician announced they would переходить to a new campaign strategy.

Learners of Russian often make mistakes with переходить, primarily due to confusion with aspect, prepositions, and similar-sounding verbs. Being aware of these pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy.

Confusing Aspect (Imperfective vs. Perfective)

The most frequent error is using the imperfective переходить when a completed action is intended, or vice versa.

Mistake: Using imperfective for a single, completed crossing
Incorrect: Я переходил улицу вчера. (I was crossing the street yesterday - implies ongoing action or habit, not a single event.)
Correct: Я перешёл улицу вчера. (I crossed the street yesterday.)
Mistake: Using perfective for habitual or ongoing transitions
Incorrect: Он перешёл на новую работу каждый год. (He moved to a new job every year - implies repetition, so imperfective is needed.)
Correct: Он переходил на новую работу каждый год. (He moved to a new job every year.)

Incorrect Prepositional Usage

The choice of preposition is crucial for conveying the correct meaning.

Using 'в' instead of 'через' for physical crossing
Incorrect: Мы переходим в реку. (Implies crossing *into* the river, perhaps swimming in it, not crossing *across* it.)
Correct: Мы переходим через реку. (We are crossing the river.)
Confusing 'на' with other prepositions for transitions
While 'на' + accusative is common for moving to a new role or place, other prepositions might be used for different types of transitions. For example, for moving between rooms, 'в' + accusative is used: переходить в другую комнату (to move into another room).
Correct: Он переходит на новую должность. (He is moving to a new position.)
Correct: Он переходит в другой отдел. (He is moving to another department.)

Confusing with Similar Verbs

Other verbs might seem similar but have distinct meanings.

Идти (to go) vs. Переходить
Идти is a general verb for 'to go' or 'to walk'. Переходить specifically implies crossing or transitioning. Saying "Я иду через улицу" is grammatically possible but less precise than "Я перехожу улицу."
Проходить (to pass, to go through) vs. Переходить
Проходить often means to pass by something, to go through a place without stopping, or to undergo something. Переходить is about moving from one side to another or changing states.
Example: "Мы прошли мимо дома." (We passed by the house.) vs. "Мы перешли через мост." (We crossed the bridge.)

Mistake: He переходит to a new school next year.

Correct: He will move to a new school next year.

While переходить is a versatile verb, Russian offers several other words and phrases that can express similar concepts, each with its own nuances and specific usage contexts. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and improve your ability to express yourself precisely.

Focusing on the Aspect

The most direct alternative is the perfective aspect of переходить.

Perfective Aspect: Перейти (pereyti)
This verb denotes a completed action of crossing or moving. It's used when the transition or crossing is finished. For example, "Я перешёл дорогу." (I crossed the road.) This is the perfective counterpart to the imperfective переходить.

General Movement and Passing

These verbs describe movement, but without the specific implication of 'crossing from one side to another' or 'transitioning to a new state'.

Идти (idti) / Ходить (khodit')
Идти (imperfective) and ходить (perfective) mean 'to go' or 'to walk'. They are general verbs of motion. While you can 'go' somewhere, переходить specifies the act of crossing or moving across something.
Example: "Я иду по улице." (I am walking along the street.) vs. "Я перехожу улицу." (I am crossing the street.)
Проходить (prokhodit') / Пройти (proyti)
Проходить means 'to pass', 'to go through', or 'to undergo'. It often implies moving through a place without stopping or completing a specific action there. Переходить is about crossing a boundary or changing state.
Example: "Мы прошли через парк." (We walked through the park.) vs. "Мы перешли через мост." (We crossed the bridge.)
Двигаться (dvigat'sya)
This verb means 'to move' in a general sense, often referring to physical movement or progress. It's less specific than переходить regarding the act of crossing.
Example: "Машина двигается медленно." (The car is moving slowly.)

Specific Types of Transitions

For certain types of transitions, more specific verbs might be used.

Пересекать (peresekat') / Пересечь (peresoch')
These verbs mean 'to intersect' or 'to cross' in a geometrical or more formal sense, like crossing a line or a border. Переходить is more common for everyday physical crossing.
Example: "Линия пересекает ось." (The line intersects the axis.)
Сменять (smenyat') / Сменить (smenit')
These verbs mean 'to change' or 'to replace'. While переходить can imply a change, сменять is more direct about the act of changing something for something else.
Example: "Он сменил работу." (He changed jobs.) This is similar to "Он перешёл на новую работу." but переходить emphasizes the transition itself.

Comparing переходить and проходить.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

""

ニュートラル

""

カジュアル

""

Child friendly

""

スラング

""

豆知識

The prefix 'пере-' is extremely common in Russian and appears in many verbs denoting movement across, change, or repetition. For example, 'передавать' (to pass on), 'переделывать' (to redo), 'переезжать' (to move house).

発音ガイド

UK [pʲɪrʲɪˈxodʲɪtʲ]
US [pʲɪrʲɪˈxodʲɪtʲ]
The stress is on the second syllable: перехо́дить.
韻が合う語
ходить водить глядеть сидеть стоять лежать писать читать
よくある間違い
  • Misplacing stress: Stressing the wrong syllable, e.g., 'пЕреходить' or 'переходИть'.
  • Pronouncing the unstressed vowels incorrectly: Unstressed 'е' and 'и' should be reduced.
  • Not palatalizing consonants: The 'п' and 'д' should be soft before the 'и' sound.

難易度

読解 3/5

At the A2 level, learners will encounter <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> in simple sentences related to physical crossing. As they progress to B1 and B2, the figurative meanings and more complex grammatical structures increase the difficulty. Understanding aspect and prepositions is key for accurate comprehension.

ライティング 3/5

Producing <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> correctly requires mastering aspect and prepositions. Learners might initially confuse it with similar verbs or use incorrect cases. Active recall and practice are essential for accurate writing.

スピーキング 3/5

Speaking with <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> can be challenging due to aspect and the need to choose the right preposition. Hesitation might occur when deciding between the imperfective and perfective forms or selecting the appropriate context for figurative meanings.

リスニング 3/5

Distinguishing <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> from similar verbs and understanding its various meanings based on context and intonation can be difficult for listeners. The speed of native speech can also add to the challenge.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

идти (to go) стоять (to stand) сидеть (to sit) улица (street) дорога (road) река (river) дом (house) работа (work) через (through/across) на (on/to)

次に学ぶ

перейти (perfective aspect) двигаться (to move) проходить (to pass) входить (to enter) выходить (to exit) сменять (to change)

上級

трансформация (transformation) эволюция (evolution) миграция (migration) этап (stage) фаза (phase)

知っておくべき文法

Aspect of Verbs (Imperfective vs. Perfective)

Переходить (imperfective) describes an ongoing or habitual action of crossing or transitioning. Перейти (perfective) describes a completed action. Example: 'Я перехожу улицу.' (I am crossing the street - ongoing) vs. 'Я перешёл улицу.' (I crossed the street - completed).

Case Usage with Prepositions

When переходить means to cross something, the object is usually in the accusative case, often with the preposition 'через'. Example: 'Мы переходим через мост (bridge - accusative).' When it means moving to a new place or state, 'на' + accusative is common. Example: 'Он переходит на новую работу (job - accusative)'.

Verb Conjugation (First Conjugation)

Переходить follows the typical conjugation pattern for first-conjugation verbs. For example, 'я перехожу', 'ты переходишь', 'он/она переходит'.

Imperative Mood

The imperative forms of переходить (and its perfective перейти) are used for commands. Example: 'Переходи дорогу осторожно!' (Cross the road carefully! - informal singular) or 'Переходите дорогу осторожно!' (formal singular/plural).

Use of Noun Forms

The noun 'переход' (crossing, transition) is derived from the verb and is frequently used. Example: 'Пешеходный переход' (pedestrian crossing).

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レベル別の例文

1

Мы должны переходить дорогу здесь.

We must cross the road here.

The verb переходить is in the imperfective aspect, indicating an ongoing or habitual action. 'Дорогу' is in the accusative case, as it is the direct object of crossing.

2

Дети переходят мост.

The children are crossing the bridge.

переходят is the third-person plural form of переходить. 'Мост' is in the accusative case.

3

Пожалуйста, переходите медленно.

Please cross slowly.

This is an imperative form, addressing someone respectfully (переходите for 'вы' or plural).

4

Машина переходит дорогу.

The car is crossing the road.

While typically used for people, переходить can also describe vehicles crossing. 'Дорогу' is accusative.

5

Я перехожу в другую комнату.

I am moving to another room.

Here, переходить is used with 'в' (to) and 'комнату' (accusative) to indicate movement between spaces.

6

Когда вы переходите улицу, смотрите налево.

When you cross the street, look left.

This sentence uses переходите in a subordinate clause indicating a condition or time.

7

Этот путь переходит через лес.

This path crosses through the forest.

переходит here describes the path's action. 'Лес' is in the accusative case with 'через'.

8

Мы переходим на новый этап.

We are moving to a new stage.

This uses the figurative meaning of переходить, indicating a transition. 'Этап' is in the accusative case with 'на'.

1

Он переходит на новую работу в следующем месяце.

He is moving to a new job next month.

The verb переходит is used in its figurative sense of changing employment. 'Работу' is accusative after 'на'.

2

После дождя переходить через реку было опасно.

After the rain, it was dangerous to cross the river.

This uses the perfective infinitive (implied from context) or the imperfective переходить to describe the action of crossing. 'Реку' is accusative after 'через'.

3

Компания переходит на новую систему.

The company is transitioning to a new system.

This illustrates the abstract meaning of переходить, signifying a change in operational methods. 'Систему' is accusative after 'на'.

4

Не переходи дорогу в неположенном месте!

Don't cross the road in an unauthorized place!

This is the imperative, informal singular form of the perfective verb перейти (implied by the completed action context of 'don't do it'). The imperfective переходи would imply 'don't be crossing' which is less common in a direct prohibition.

5

Студенты переходят из одного класса в другой.

Students move from one class to another.

Here, переходят describes movement between physical locations. 'Класса' is genitive and 'другой' is accusative after 'в'.

6

Мы переходим к обсуждению следующей темы.

We are moving on to discuss the next topic.

This uses переходить in the context of a conversation or meeting. 'Темы' is genitive after 'следующей'.

7

Он переходит в режим экономии.

It is switching to economy mode.

This is a more technical or abstract use of переходить. 'Режим' is accusative after 'в'.

8

Пожалуйста, переходите дорогу только на зеленый свет.

Please cross the road only on a green light.

This is the polite imperative form. The context implies a rule or instruction for safe crossing.

1

Общество постепенно переходит от традиционных ценностей к современным.

Society is gradually transitioning from traditional values to modern ones.

This sentence uses переходит to describe a societal shift. 'Ценностей' is genitive after 'от', and 'современным' is dative after 'к'.

2

После долгих раздумий он перешёл на сторону противника.

After long deliberation, he switched to the enemy's side.

This uses the perfective перешёл to indicate a completed, significant change in allegiance. 'Сторону' is accusative after 'на'.

3

Педагогический процесс переходит от репродуктивного обучения к творческому.

The pedagogical process is shifting from reproductive learning to creative learning.

переходит here describes a methodological shift in education. 'Обучения' is genitive after 'от', and 'творческому' is dative after 'к'.

4

Необходимо переходить границу только по официальным пунктам пропуска.

It is necessary to cross the border only at official checkpoints.

This sentence uses переходить in a formal context related to international travel. 'Границу' is accusative after 'переходить', and 'пунктам' is dative after 'по'.

5

Экономика страны переходит в стадию восстановления.

The country's economy is entering a recovery phase.

переходит is used to describe an economic transition. 'Стадию' is accusative after 'в'.

6

Он перешёл черту, которую нельзя было пересекать.

He crossed a line that should not have been crossed.

This uses перешёл metaphorically to mean crossing a moral or ethical boundary. 'Черту' is accusative after 'перешёл'.

7

Свет переходит из одной фазы в другую.

The light transitions from one phase to another.

This is a more scientific or abstract use of переходит, describing a change in state. 'Фазы' is genitive after 'из', and 'другую' is accusative after 'в'.

8

Мы переходили через поле, когда начался дождь.

We were crossing the field when the rain started.

This uses the imperfective переходили to describe an ongoing action interrupted by another event. 'Поле' is accusative after 'через'.

1

Цивилизация переходит на новый виток своего развития.

Civilization is moving to a new stage of its development.

This uses переходит in a grand, abstract sense to describe historical progression. 'Виток' is accusative after 'на'.

2

Он перешёл грань дозволенного, совершив этот поступок.

He crossed the line of what is permissible by committing this act.

This is a highly metaphorical use of перешёл, implying a transgression of moral or ethical boundaries. 'Грань' is accusative after 'перешёл'.

3

Философская мысль переходит от монизма к дуализму.

Philosophical thought is shifting from monism to dualism.

переходит is used here to describe a fundamental shift in abstract concepts. 'Монизма' is genitive after 'от', and 'дуализму' is dative after 'к'.

4

Во время кризиса многие предприятия переходили на аутсорсинг.

During the crisis, many enterprises switched to outsourcing.

This sentence describes a widespread business practice during a specific period, using the imperfective переходили to indicate the ongoing nature of this transition for many companies. 'Аутсорсинг' is accusative after 'на'.

5

Поэт переходил от описания природы к внутреннему миру человека.

The poet moved from describing nature to the inner world of man.

This describes a thematic shift in creative work. 'Природы' is genitive after 'от', and 'внутреннему миру' is dative after 'к'.

6

Необходимо переходить на более устойчивые источники энергии.

It is necessary to transition to more sustainable energy sources.

This is a call for action concerning a major societal and environmental shift. 'Источники' is accusative after 'на'.

7

Его речь переходила от шуток к серьёзным рассуждениям.

His speech shifted from jokes to serious reasoning.

переходила describes a change in the tone and content of communication. 'Шуток' is genitive after 'от', and 'серьёзным рассуждениям' is dative after 'к'.

8

Мы перешли на новый уровень понимания проблемы.

We have reached a new level of understanding of the problem.

This uses the perfective перешли to denote a completed advancement in comprehension. 'Уровень' is accusative after 'на'.

1

История человечества — это непрерывный процесс перехода от одного этапа к другому.

The history of humanity is a continuous process of transition from one stage to another.

Here, the noun form 'перехода' (transition) derived from the verb is used, emphasizing the ongoing nature of historical development.

2

Он перешёл ту черту, за которой нет возврата.

He crossed that line beyond which there is no return.

This is a highly idiomatic and dramatic use of перешёл, implying a irreversible commitment to a course of action or a state of being. 'Черту' is accusative after 'перешёл'.

3

В эпоху постмодерна переходится от жёстких истин к множественности интерпретаций.

In the postmodern era, there is a shift from rigid truths to a multiplicity of interpretations.

This uses the impersonal form 'переходится' (it is transitioned) to describe a general trend in an era. 'Истин' is genitive after 'от', and 'множественности' is dative after 'к'.

4

Творческий акт часто подразумевает переход из обыденного сознания в иное измерение.

The creative act often implies a transition from ordinary consciousness into another dimension.

Similar to the C1 example, this uses the noun 'переход' to describe a profound shift in mental state. 'Сознания' is genitive after 'из', and 'иное измерение' is accusative after 'в'.

5

Политические системы переходят из одного состояния в другое, отражая динамику общества.

Political systems transition from one state to another, reflecting societal dynamics.

переходят describes the dynamic nature of political structures. 'Состояния' is genitive after 'из', and 'другое' is accusative after 'в'.

6

Он перешёл от роли наблюдателя к роли активного участника.

He moved from the role of an observer to that of an active participant.

This uses перешёл to describe a change in one's engagement or position. 'Роли' is genitive after 'от', and 'активного участника' is genitive after 'к' (or dative depending on nuance, but genitive is common for roles).

7

Стиль писателя переходил от реализма к символизму на протяжении его карьеры.

The writer's style shifted from realism to symbolism throughout his career.

переходил describes the evolution of artistic style over time. 'Реализма' is genitive after 'от', and 'символизму' is dative after 'к'.

8

Мы перешли ту точку невозврата, когда речь шла о переговорах.

We passed that point of no return concerning the negotiations.

This uses перешли in a context of failed diplomacy or irreversible decisions. 'Точку' is accusative after 'перешли'.

よく使う組み合わせ

переходить улицу
переходить дорогу
переходить через мост
переходить на новую работу
переходить на новую должность
переходить на новый этап
переходить к следующему
переходить в другую комнату
переходить черту
переходить на другой язык

よく使うフレーズ

Переходи дорогу осторожно!

— Cross the road carefully!

Мама всегда говорила: 'Переходи дорогу осторожно!'

Давайте переходить к делу.

— Let's get down to business.

Хватит говорить о погоде, давайте переходить к делу.

Он перешёл на новую работу.

— He moved to a new job.

После долгих поисков он наконец перешёл на новую работу.

Мы переходим на летнее время.

— We are switching to daylight saving time.

В конце марта мы переходим на летнее время.

Не переходи на личности.

— Don't make it personal.

В споре важно не переходить на личности.

Это переходит все границы.

— This is going too far.

Его поведение переходит все границы.

Переходи на мою сторону.

— Come over to my side.

Убеди его переходить на мою сторону.

Переходить от слов к делу.

— To go from words to deeds.

Нам нужно переходить от слов к делу.

Переходить в наступление.

— To go on the offensive.

Армия решила переходить в наступление.

Переходить на ты/Вы.

— To switch to using 'ty'/'vy' (informal/formal address).

После знакомства они решили переходить на 'ты'.

よく混同される語

переходить vs проходить

Проходить means 'to pass through' or 'to go by', whereas переходить means 'to cross' or 'to transition'. You 'проходите' a room without stopping, but you 'переходите' a street.

переходить vs идти

Идти is a general verb for 'to go' or 'to walk'. Переходить implies crossing a boundary or changing state, adding a specific nuance to the general act of going.

переходить vs пересекать

Пересекать is often used for more formal or geometric crossings, like intersecting lines or borders. Переходить is more common for everyday physical crossings.

慣用句と表現

"переходить улицу"

— Literally: to cross the street. Figuratively: can imply navigating a dangerous or complex situation, or making a significant change in one's life.

После окончания университета он чувствовал, что переходит улицу в новую, неизведанную жизнь.

Neutral
"переходить черту"

— To cross a line; to go beyond acceptable limits, especially morally or ethically.

Его постоянные оскорбления перешли черту.

Neutral
"переходить от слов к делу"

— To stop talking and start acting; to put plans into action.

Мы слишком долго обсуждали, пора переходить от слов к делу.

Neutral
"переходить на личности"

— To resort to personal attacks in an argument; to make it personal instead of discussing the issue.

В споре важно не переходить на личности.

Neutral
"переходить в наступление"

— To launch an attack; to go on the offensive (can be literal in warfare or figurative in arguments or competition).

После обороны команда решила переходить в наступление.

Neutral
"переходить на ты/Вы"

— To switch from formal 'Вы' (you) to informal 'ты' (you) in addressing someone, or vice versa, indicating a change in the level of familiarity.

После нескольких встреч они решили переходить на ты.

Neutral
"переходить в режим ожидания"

— To enter standby mode (used for electronic devices).

Телефон автоматически переходит в режим ожидания через минуту.

Technical/Neutral
"переходить из огня да в полымя"

— To go from one bad situation to an even worse one; out of the frying pan into the fire.

Сменив одну плохую работу на другую, он перешёл из огня да в полымя.

Informal/Figurative
"переходить дорогу кому-либо"

— To get in someone's way; to hinder someone's progress.

Не переходи дорогу своим друзьям.

Neutral
"переходить на новый уровень"

— To advance to a higher level; to achieve a new stage of development or skill.

Этот курс поможет вам перейти на новый уровень владения языком.

Neutral

間違えやすい

переходить vs проходить

Both verbs involve movement.

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> implies moving from one side to another or changing state. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Проходить</strong> means to pass through a place, to go by something, or to undergo something. For example, you <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходите</strong> a street, but you <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>проходите</strong> a building without entering.

Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешли</strong> мост. (We crossed the bridge.) vs. Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>прошли</strong> мимо моста. (We passed by the bridge.)

переходить vs идти

Both are verbs of motion.

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Идти</strong> is a general term for 'to go' or 'to walk'. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> specifies the action of crossing a boundary or transitioning. You can <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>идти</strong> down the street, but you <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходите</strong> the street.

Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>иду</strong> домой. (I am going home.) vs. Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перехожу</strong> дорогу. (I am crossing the road.)

переходить vs пересекать

Both verbs can translate to 'to cross'.

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> is generally used for everyday physical crossings (streets, rivers) and transitions. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Пересекать</strong> is often used for more formal or abstract crossings, such as lines, borders, or paths that intersect. It can also imply crossing a large area.

Поезд <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит</strong> границу. (The train is crossing the border - formal/official) vs. Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перехожу</strong> улицу. (I am crossing the street - everyday).

переходить vs сменять

Both can imply a change or transition.

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Сменять</strong> means 'to change' or 'to replace' something with something else. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> emphasizes the act of moving from one state or place to another, often implying a process or a journey.

Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>сменил</strong> работу. (He changed jobs.) vs. Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешёл на</strong> новую работу. (He moved to a new job - emphasizes the transition).

переходить vs входить / выходить

Both describe movement related to spaces.

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Входить</strong> means 'to enter' and <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>выходить</strong> means 'to exit'. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong>, when used for moving between rooms, implies moving from one space to another, often across a threshold, rather than simply entering or exiting a single space.

Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>входит</strong> в комнату. (He is entering the room.) vs. Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит в</strong> другую комнату. (He is moving to another room.)

文型パターン

A2

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + Object (Accusative)

Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перехожу</strong> улицу.

A2

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + через + Object (Accusative)

Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходим через</strong> мост.

B1

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + на + Noun (Accusative)

Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит на</strong> новую работу.

B1

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + в + Noun (Accusative)

Они <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходят в</strong> другой класс.

B1

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + от + Noun (Genitive) + к + Noun (Dative)

Общество <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит от</strong> старого <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>к</strong> новому.

B2

Imperative + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + Object (Accusative)

<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходите</strong> дорогу здесь.

B2

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + черту

Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешёл черту</strong>.

C1

Subject + <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> + [Adverbial Phrase of Manner/Place]

Его речь <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходила</strong> плавно от темы к теме.

語族

名詞

переход crossing, transition, passage
переходник adapter, connector

動詞

関連

ход move, course, progress (noun)
входить to enter
выходить to exit, to go out
подходить to approach, to fit
заходить to drop in, to enter
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使い方

frequency

High

よくある間違い
  • Using the imperfective <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> for a single, completed action. → Using the perfective <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перейти</strong> for a single, completed action.

    The imperfective aspect (<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong>) describes an ongoing, habitual, or repeated action. The perfective aspect (<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перейти</strong>) describes a completed action. Example: Incorrect: 'Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходил</strong> дорогу вчера.' (I was crossing the road yesterday - implies habit or process, not a single event). Correct: 'Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешёл</strong> дорогу вчера.' (I crossed the road - completed action).

  • Incorrect preposition usage for physical crossing. → Using 'через' + accusative case for physical crossings.

    When referring to crossing a physical object like a street or river, the preposition 'через' is typically used, followed by the accusative case of the noun. Incorrect: 'Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходим в</strong> реку.' Correct: 'Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходим через</strong> реку.'

  • Confusing <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> with <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>проходить</strong>. → Using <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> for crossing a boundary and <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>проходить</strong> for passing through or by.

    <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> specifically implies moving from one side to another or transitioning. <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Проходить</strong> means to pass through a place or by something. Example: 'Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешли</strong> мост.' (We crossed the bridge.) vs. 'Мы <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>прошли</strong> мимо моста.' (We passed by the bridge.)

  • Using <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> for general movement instead of specific crossing or transition. → Using more general verbs like <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>идти</strong> or <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>двигаться</strong> for simple movement.

    <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>Переходить</strong> has a specific meaning of crossing a boundary or transitioning. For general movement, verbs like <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>идти</strong> (to go) or <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>двигаться</strong> (to move) are more appropriate. Example: Incorrect: 'Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перехожу</strong> по улице.' (implies crossing). Correct: 'Я <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>иду</strong> по улице.' (I am walking along the street.)

  • Incorrect case usage with prepositions for transitions. → Using the correct case (usually accusative) after prepositions like 'на' or 'в' when indicating a transition.

    When <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> signifies moving to a new job, state, or place, prepositions like 'на' or 'в' are used, followed by the accusative case. Example: 'Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит на</strong> новую работу (accusative).' Incorrect: 'Он <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходит на</strong> новая работа.'

ヒント

Mastering Aspect

The distinction between imperfective переходить and perfective перейти is fundamental. Use переходить for the process or habit of crossing/transitioning, and перейти for a single, completed event. For example, 'Я перехожу улицу.' (I am crossing the street - ongoing) vs. 'Я перешёл улицу.' (I crossed the street - completed).

Preposition Power

Pay close attention to the prepositions that accompany переходить. 'Через' + accusative is common for physical crossings (e.g., через реку), while 'на' + accusative (e.g., на новую работу) or 'в' + accusative (e.g., в другую комнату) are used for transitions.

Figurative vs. Literal

Recognize that переходить has both literal (crossing a street) and figurative (transitioning to a new phase) meanings. The surrounding words and the overall context will tell you which meaning is intended. For instance, 'переходить черту' means to cross a line, implying a transgression.

Sentence Building

Create your own sentences using переходить in various contexts. Try describing your daily commute, a career change, or a personal transformation. This active practice will solidify your understanding.

Stress and Palatalization

Remember that the stress in перехо́дить falls on the second syllable ('хо́д'). Also, pay attention to the palatalization of consonants like 'п' and 'д' before 'и', which gives the word its distinct Russian sound.

Related Verbs

Learn related verbs of motion like идти (to go), проходить (to pass), and пересекать (to intersect). Understanding their differences will help you use переходить more precisely.

Idiomatic Usage

Be aware of idiomatic expressions like 'переходить на личности' (to make it personal) or 'переходить черту' (to cross a line). These add color and nuance to your language.

Active Listening

When listening to Russian, actively try to identify instances of переходить and determine its meaning based on the surrounding words and situation. This will improve your comprehension.

Noun Forms

Recognize the related noun переход, meaning 'crossing' or 'transition'. This noun is frequently used, especially in contexts like 'пешеходный переход' (pedestrian crossing).

Cultural Significance

Understand that transitions and crossings can hold cultural significance in Russia. Learning about traditions related to moving into new phases of life can provide deeper context for the verb's usage.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine you are переходить a river. You are moving 'пере-' (across) using your 'ход' (gait/walk). So, переходить = to go across.

視覚的連想

Picture yourself walking across a bridge. The bridge is a 'переход' (crossing). You are переходить the bridge. The action of crossing is переходить.

Word Web

Crossing Moving Transitioning Street River Job Stage Phase Through Across From...to... Imperfective Perfective: перейти

チャレンジ

Try to describe five different ways you might переходить something in your daily life, using both literal and figurative meanings.

語源

The verb переходить is formed from the prefix 'пере-' (pere-) meaning 'across', 'over', or 'through', and the root verb 'ходить' (khodit'), which means 'to go' or 'to walk'. This combination directly conveys the meaning of moving across something.

元の意味： Literally, 'to go across'.

Indo-European, Slavic, East Slavic.

文化的な背景

The verb itself is neutral. However, the context in which it's used can carry emotional weight. For example, переходить черту (to cross a line) implies a transgression, which can be sensitive. Similarly, discussing someone переходящим to a new religion or political party might require sensitivity depending on the social context.

In English, we use various verbs like 'to cross', 'to move', 'to transition', 'to transfer', and 'to go over'. The Russian переходить often encapsulates several of these meanings in one versatile verb.

In Russian folklore, journeys often involve crossing magical rivers or dangerous paths, where the act of переходить is a crucial plot point. The concept of переход (crossing/transition) is central to discussions of historical epochs and societal changes in Russian literature and historiography. Safety slogans in Russia frequently use переходить to emphasize safe pedestrian practices.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Giving directions or discussing traffic safety.

  • Переходи дорогу на зеленый свет.
  • Будьте осторожны, когда переходите улицу.
  • Где ближайший пешеходный переход?

Talking about career changes or job transitions.

  • Он переходит на новую работу.
  • Я думаю переходить в другую компанию.
  • Это важный этап в моей карьере.

Discussing personal development or life stages.

  • Дети быстро переходят из одного возраста в другой.
  • Мы переходим на новый уровень понимания.
  • Это переходный период.

Describing movement within a space or between locations.

  • Перейдите в другую комнату.
  • Мы переходим к следующему пункту.
  • Поезд переходит на другой путь.

Talking about societal or technological changes.

  • Общество переходит к новым технологиям.
  • Компания переходит на новую систему.
  • Это переходный этап.

会話のきっかけ

"What's the most interesting place you've had to переходить?"

"Can you think of a time you had to перейти to a new job or role? How was it?"

"When you переходите a busy street, what's the first thing you do?"

"What does it mean to переходить черту (cross a line) in your opinion?"

"How do you feel when you are переходящий into a new phase of your life?"

日記のテーマ

Describe a time you had to <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходить</strong> a physical obstacle. What was it like?

Write about a significant transition (<strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переход</strong>) you've experienced in your life. How did it feel?

Reflect on a situation where you or someone else <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>перешёл черту</strong> (crossed a line). What were the consequences?

Imagine you are <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходящий</strong> into a new career. What steps would you take?

How do you think society is <strong class='text-violet-700 dark:text-violet-300'>переходящая</strong> from old ways to new ways? Give specific examples.

よくある質問

10 問

Переходить is the imperfective aspect, used for ongoing, habitual, or repeated actions of crossing or transitioning. Перейти is the perfective aspect, used for a single, completed action of crossing or transitioning. For example, 'Я перехожу дорогу.' (I am crossing the road.) vs. 'Я перешёл дорогу.' (I crossed the road.)

The preposition 'через' (through, across) is commonly used with переходить when referring to crossing physical barriers like streets, roads, rivers, bridges, or fields. The object following 'через' is in the accusative case. Example: 'Мы переходим через поле.' (We are crossing the field.)

When переходить signifies a transition to a new place or state, the prepositions 'на' (to, onto) or 'в' (to, into) are often used, followed by the accusative case. 'На' is common for jobs, positions, or broader categories (e.g., 'на новую работу', 'на новый этап'). 'В' is often used for moving between specific locations or into a different state (e.g., 'в другую комнату', 'в режим ожидания').

Yes, absolutely. Переходить is frequently used for abstract transitions, such as moving from one idea to another, changing one's opinion, transitioning between life stages, or shifting between different systems or methodologies. For example, 'Он переходит от одной мысли к другой.' (He is moving from one thought to another.)

Переходить is generally used for everyday physical crossings and transitions. Пересекать is often used for more formal or geometric crossings, like lines intersecting, borders being crossed, or paths that cross each other. While they can overlap, переходить is more common for simple actions like crossing a street.

The imperative forms depend on the aspect and the person addressed. For the imperfective переходить, the informal singular is переходи and the formal/plural is переходите. However, for prohibitions or commands implying a completed action, the perfective imperative is more common: 'Перейди улицу!' (Cross the street!) or 'Перейдите улицу!' (formal/plural).

The primary noun form is переход, which means 'crossing', 'transition', or 'passage'. For example, 'пешеходный переход' means 'pedestrian crossing'.

Yes. For example, 'Он переходит из одной команды в другую.' (He is moving from one team to another.) Here, 'из' + genitive and 'в' + accusative are used to indicate the origin and destination.

This idiom means 'to make it personal' or 'to resort to personal attacks'. It's used when an argument shifts from discussing an issue to attacking the character or personal attributes of the people involved. Example: 'В этом споре мы не должны переходить на личности.' (In this argument, we should not make it personal.)

Aspect is crucial. Переходить (imperfective) is used for ongoing, repeated, or habitual actions of crossing or transitioning. Перейти (perfective) is used for a single, completed instance. For example, 'Он переходил дорогу каждый день.' (He used to cross the road every day - imperfective, habitual) vs. 'Он перешёл дорогу.' (He crossed the road - completed action).

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