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A1 verb ニュートラル 3分で読める

prodati

/pɾɔˈdaːti/
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Overview

The Slovenian verb 'prodati' is a perfective verb meaning 'to sell'. It belongs to the -am conjugation class, which is a common and productive verb class in Slovenian. Understanding its usage requires an examination of its conjugation, common phrases, and nuances in meaning.

'Prodati' conjugates as follows:

  • Present Tense (though perfective verbs typically don't have a present tense in the same way imperfective verbs do, 'prodati' implies a completed action in the future or a hypothetical completion):

* Vidva/Vedve/Vidve prodajata (You (dual) sell/will sell)

  • Onadva/Onidve/Onadve prodajata (They (dual) sell/will sell)

* Oni/One/Ona prodajo (They (plural) sell/will sell)

  • Past Tense (formed with 'biti' (to be) and the past participle 'prodal/prodala/prodalo'):

* Oni so prodali (They sold)

  • Future Tense (formed with 'bom' (will be) and the past participle 'prodal/prodala/prodalo'):

**Usage and Nuances:**

'Prodati' strictly refers to the act of exchanging something for money. It implies a completed transaction. If you want to express the ongoing act of selling, you would use the imperfective counterpart, 'prodajati'.

**Common Phrases and Examples:**

  • Prodati hišo: To sell a house.
  • 'Odločil se je, da bo prodal hišo.' (He decided he would sell the house.)
  • Prodati avto: To sell a car.
  • 'Prodali smo stari avto in kupili novega.' (We sold the old car and bought a new one.)
  • Prodati zemljo: To sell land.
  • Prodati dušo: (Figurative) To sell one's soul. This is a common idiom.
  • 'Nikoli ne bom prodal svoje duše za denar.' (I will never sell my soul for money.)
  • Prodati se (reflexive): To sell oneself (often in a derogatory or compromising sense, implying giving up principles or integrity for personal gain).
  • 'Pravijo, da se je prodal politiki.' (They say he sold himself to politics.)
  • Prodati po visoki/nizki ceni: To sell at a high/low price.
  • 'Uspelo mu je prodati delnice po zelo visoki ceni.' (He managed to sell the shares at a very high price.)
  • Prodati na dražbi: To sell at an auction.

**Distinction from other verbs:**

It's important to distinguish 'prodati' from other verbs that might seem similar but have different meanings:

  • Dati: To give (general sense, not necessarily for money).
  • Kupiti: To buy (the opposite action of selling).
  • Trgovati: To trade, to do business (a more general term for commercial activity, implying ongoing exchange rather than a single transaction).

In summary, 'prodati' is a fundamental verb for expressing the concept of selling in Slovenian, always implying a completed act of exchanging goods or services for monetary compensation. Its perfective aspect is key to its meaning, contrasting with its imperfective counterpart 'prodajati' for ongoing or repeated selling.

例文

1

Kmetje so prodali pridelek po visokih cenah.

Describes a general transaction where farmers exchange their harvest for money.

The farmers sold their produce at high prices.

2

Prodati hišo je bil težka odločitev.

Refers to the emotional and practical process of selling a personal property.

Selling the house was a difficult decision.

3

Podjetje je prodalo svoj delež v tuji družbi.

Business context, referring to the sale of shares or ownership.

The company sold its stake in the foreign company.

4

Umetnik je prodal svojo sliko galeriji.

Specific to the sale of art or creative works.

The artist sold his painting to the gallery.

5

Prijatelj mi je prodal svoj stari avto za majhen denar.

Informal context, implying a personal transaction, possibly at a reduced price.

My friend sold me his old car for a small amount of money.

よく使う組み合わせ

prodati dušo
prodati se
prodati po visoki ceni
prodati pod ceno

よく混同される語

prodati 対 prodajati
aspect (imperfective vs. perfective)

文法パターン

prodati (komu/čemu) (kaj) prodati se (komu/čemu) prodati se za (kaj)

使い方

使い方のコツ

'Prodati' is a transitive imperfective verb, meaning it typically takes a direct object and describes an ongoing or repeated action. The perfective counterpart, 'prodajati,' is used for completed actions. When conjugating 'prodati,' it follows standard Slovenian verb conjugation patterns. For instance, in the present tense: 'jaz prodam' (I sell), 'ti prodaš' (you sell), 'on/ona/ono proda' (he/she/it sells), 'midva/me/vi prodava/prodajava/prodajamo' (we two sell), 'vi prodajate' (you all sell), 'oni/one/ona prodajo' (they sell). It's crucial to use the correct grammatical cases for the direct object; typically, the accusative case is used. For example, 'Prodati hišo' (to sell a house). It can also be used figuratively, such as 'prodati dušo' (to sell one's soul), implying a moral compromise.

よくある間違い

Slovenian learners sometimes confuse 'prodati' (to sell) with 'kupiti' (to buy). Remember that 'prodati' implies the action of the seller, while 'kupiti' implies the action of the buyer. Another common mistake is incorrect conjugation, especially with different tenses and aspects. For instance, the past tense can be tricky with variations depending on gender and number (e.g., 'prodal' for masculine singular, 'prodala' for feminine singular, 'prodalo' for neuter singular, 'prodali' for masculine plural, 'prodale' for feminine plural, 'prodala' for neuter plural). Pay close attention to the prefixes and suffixes that indicate perfective ('prodati' - to sell completely/once) versus imperfective ('prodajati' - to be selling/sell repeatedly) aspects. Also, ensure correct use of cases with direct and indirect objects; for example, the thing being sold is typically in the accusative case. Finally, ensure correct stress placement; in 'prodati,' the stress is typically on the 'a'.

ヒント

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Use of 'prodati' with direct and indirect objects

The verb 'prodati' (to sell) in Slovenian can be used with both direct and indirect objects. The direct object, representing the item being sold, is typically in the accusative case. The indirect object, representing the person or entity to whom something is sold, is usually in the dative case. For example: 'Prodala sem avto prijatelju.' (I sold the car to a friend.) Here, 'avto' (car) is the direct object (accusative), and 'prijatelju' (to a friend) is the indirect object (dative).
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Distinction from 'kupiti'

It's important not to confuse 'prodati' (to sell) with 'kupiti' (to buy). While both involve a transaction, 'prodati' refers to the act of giving something in exchange for money, from the perspective of the seller, whereas 'kupiti' refers to the act of receiving something in exchange for money, from the perspective of the buyer. For example, 'Jaz sem prodal hišo.' (I sold the house.) vs. 'On je kupil hišo.' (He bought the house.)
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Common collocations and phrases with 'prodati'

'Prodati' is frequently used in various contexts. Some common collocations include 'prodati dušo' (to sell one's soul, figuratively), 'prodati na dražbi' (to sell at auction), 'prodati na trgu' (to sell on the market), or 'prodati pod ceno' (to sell below cost). Understanding these common phrases can help in grasping the nuanced usage of the verb in different situations and enhancing fluency in Slovenian.

語源

From Proto-Slavic '*prodati*', from '*pro*' (through, forth) + '*dati*' (to give). Cognate with Czech 'prodat', Polish 'przedać', Russian 'продать' (prodat'). The root '*dati*' is also found in Slovenian words like 'dati' (to give), 'oddati' (to rent out, to give away), 'podati' (to hand over). The prefix 'pro-' indicates completion or moving something forward, hence 'to give forth' or 'to give completely' in exchange for something, leading to the meaning 'to sell'.

文化的な背景

In Slovenia, 'prodati' (to sell) is a common verb that reflects the country's historical ties to trade and commerce. Historically, Slovenia has been at a crossroads of various trade routes, and selling goods has always been an integral part of its economy and culture. The act of selling is often seen in a practical light, essential for livelihoods and economic exchange. There isn't a deeply embedded unique cultural ritual around the act of selling itself, but rather it's understood within the broader European commercial traditions. However, in certain contexts, such as selling handmade crafts or agricultural products directly from producers, there's an emphasis on authenticity, quality, and a personal connection between the seller and buyer, which subtly influences the cultural perception of 'prodati' in these specific scenarios.

覚え方のコツ

Imagine a salesperson (prodajalec) proudly proclaiming 'PROdajem ti to!' (I am SELLING this to you!) as they hand over a product.

よくある質問

4 問
The Slovenian word 'prodati' directly translates to 'to sell' in English. It refers to the act of exchanging something, typically goods, services, or property, for money or another form of payment. This action implies a transfer of ownership from the seller to the buyer in return for financial compensation.
Certainly. A common way to use 'prodati' in a sentence would be: 'Želim prodati svojo staro knjigo.' This translates to 'I want to sell my old book.' It demonstrates the verb in a practical context, indicating the desire to exchange a possession for money.
The infinitive form of the verb is 'prodati' itself. In Slovenian, verbs often appear in their infinitive form when they are not conjugated for a specific subject or tense. This is the base form from which all other conjugations are derived, signifying the action 'to sell'.
Yes, one common phrase is 'prodati dušo,' which literally means 'to sell one's soul.' This idiom is used to describe a situation where someone compromises their values or principles for personal gain, often in a negative or morally questionable way. It's a powerful expression highlighting a significant sacrifice.

自分をテスト

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Jaz želim _______ to staro kolo.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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On bo moral _______ avto, da bo plačal račune.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Ali lahko _______ te knjige na bolšjem trgu?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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