意味
Asking for a person's surname
文化的背景
Surnames often change for women upon marriage, taking a feminine ending if the name is an adjective (e.g., Левицький becomes Левицька). In Ukrainian documents, the surname is always written first, followed by the first name and patronymic. Asking for a surname is considered more respectful than asking for a first name when meeting someone of a much older generation. In regions like Galicia, you might hear more Polish-influenced surnames ending in -ський, reflecting the historical Austro-Hungarian influence.
The Neuter Rule
Always remember that 'прізвище' is neuter. This is the #1 mistake for beginners. Match it with 'Яке' and 'ваше'.
Avoid 'Фамілія'
While people will understand 'фамілія', using 'прізвище' marks you as a more sophisticated and respectful learner of Ukrainian.
意味
Asking for a person's surname
The Neuter Rule
Always remember that 'прізвище' is neuter. This is the #1 mistake for beginners. Match it with 'Яке' and 'ваше'.
Avoid 'Фамілія'
While people will understand 'фамілія', using 'прізвище' marks you as a more sophisticated and respectful learner of Ukrainian.
The 'Як' Shortcut
If you forget if it's 'яке' or 'який', just use 'Як ваше прізвище?'. It's grammatically simpler and very common.
自分をテスト
Choose the correct form of the interrogative pronoun for 'прізвище'.
___ ваше прізвище?
'Прізвище' is a neuter noun, so it requires the neuter pronoun 'Яке'.
Complete the formal question.
Яке ___ прізвище?
In a formal context, we use 'ваше' to agree with the neuter noun 'прізвище'.
Complete the dialogue at the hotel reception.
Рецепція: Добрий день! ___ ___ прізвище? Гість: Моє прізвище — Шевченко.
'Яке ваше' is the standard formal way to ask for a surname.
Match the phrase to the correct situation.
Where would you most likely hear 'Яке ваше прізвище?'
This is a formal inquiry used in official or administrative settings.
🎉 スコア： /4
ビジュアル学習ツール
練習問題バンク
4 問題___ ваше прізвище?
'Прізвище' is a neuter noun, so it requires the neuter pronoun 'Яке'.
Яке ___ прізвище?
In a formal context, we use 'ваше' to agree with the neuter noun 'прізвище'.
Рецепція: Добрий день! ___ ___ прізвище? Гість: Моє прізвище — Шевченко.
'Яке ваше' is the standard formal way to ask for a surname.
Where would you most likely hear 'Яке ваше прізвище?'
This is a formal inquiry used in official or administrative settings.
🎉 スコア： /4
よくある質問
4 問Yes, it sounds like an interrogation. Use 'Як тебе звати?' instead.
In Ukrainian, 'Яке' (Which/What kind of) is used for names and surnames, whereas 'Що' (What) is for objects.
It's better to ask 'Як тебе звати?'. Asking a child for their 'прізвище' is very formal.
Say 'Моє прізвище — [Your Surname].'
関連フレーズ
Як вас звати?
similarWhat is your name? (Polite)
Як твоє ім'я?
specialized formWhat is your first name?
По батькові
builds onPatronymic
Дівоче прізвище
specialized formMaiden name
