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A1 noun #700 よく出る 9分で読める

运动

yùndòng 上位700

練習する例文メモとヒント运动 30秒で

解説运动 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '运动' (yùndòng) is introduced as a simple noun meaning 'sports' or 'exercise.' Students learn it in the context of hobbies and daily routines. The focus is on basic sentences like '我喜欢运动' (I like sports) or '你不运动吗？' (Don't you exercise?). Learners should recognize the word in the context of common activities like running or swimming. The grammar is kept simple, usually pairing '运动' with '喜欢' (like) or '做' (do). At this stage, it's essential to distinguish '运动' from specific sports names like '足球' (soccer) or '篮球' (basketball). You use '运动' to talk about the general category of physical activity.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use '运动' in more descriptive sentences and learn its common compounds. You might talk about '运动鞋' (sports shoes) or '运动场' (sports field). The word is used to describe frequency, such as '我每周运动三次' (I exercise three times a week). Learners also start to see '运动' as a verb meaning 'to move' or 'to exercise.' The focus shifts from just 'liking' sports to describing one's lifestyle and health habits. You might also encounter the word in simple news headlines about sports events. Understanding the measure word '项' (xiàng) for types of sports becomes relevant here.

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At the B1 level, '运动' expands into the realm of health and society. Learners can discuss the benefits of exercise, such as '运动对身体健康很有好处' (Exercise is very good for physical health). The word is also used in the context of '运动会' (sports meets) and '运动员' (athletes). You might hear it in discussions about school life or community events. B1 learners should be able to distinguish between '运动' (general exercise/sports) and '锻炼' (working out/training). The concept of 'movement' in a more abstract sense, like 'the movement of an object,' might appear in basic science texts.

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At the B2 level, '运动' is used in more formal and abstract contexts. This includes '社会运动' (social movements) or '政治运动' (political movements). Learners are expected to understand the word when it appears in news reports about environmental campaigns or civil rights. The scientific usage—describing the laws of motion in physics—becomes more common. You will also encounter '运动' in idiomatic expressions and more complex sentence structures. For example, discussing the '运动精神' (spirit of sportsmanship) or the '运动生涯' (career of an athlete) requires a B2 level of nuance and vocabulary range.

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At the C1 level, learners encounter '运动' in sophisticated academic and literary contexts. This includes deep dives into historical '运动' (movements) in Chinese history, such as the '新文化运动' (New Culture Movement). The word is used to discuss philosophical concepts of change and motion. C1 learners should be able to use '运动' to describe complex dynamics in systems, whether they are economic, social, or physical. The register can vary from highly formal academic papers to nuanced social commentary. Understanding the subtle connotations of '运动' in different historical periods of China is also a key part of this level.

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At the C2 level, '运动' is mastered in all its complexity. This includes understanding its use in high-level physics (e.g., '布朗运动' - Brownian motion), complex political theory, and classical literature. A C2 learner can use '运动' to describe the most abstract 'movements' of thought, market trends, or historical forces. They can navigate the word's heavy historical baggage in Chinese politics with sensitivity and precision. At this level, '运动' is not just a word but a conceptual tool used to analyze everything from the micro-movements of atoms to the macro-movements of civilizations.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

运动 30秒で

运动 (yùndòng) is the primary Chinese word for sports and physical exercise, used commonly in daily life to discuss health and hobbies.
It functions as both a noun and a verb, allowing you to say 'I like sports' or 'I need to exercise' using the same word.
Beyond physical activity, it refers to scientific 'motion' (like physics) and social or political 'movements' (like a civil rights campaign).
Common compounds include 运动员 (athlete), 运动鞋 (sneakers), and 运动会 (sports meet), making it a high-utility root word for learners.

The Chinese term 运动 (yùndòng) is a multifaceted word that primarily translates to 'sports,' 'exercise,' or 'movement.' At its most basic level, encountered by beginners (A1), it refers to physical activity intended for health or recreation. However, as one progresses in Chinese, the word expands to encompass physical motion in science, organized social or political campaigns, and the general state of being in motion. Understanding '运动' requires looking at its two components: '运' (yùn), which carries meanings of transporting, carrying, or revolving, and '动' (dòng), which simply means to move or act. Together, they create a concept of 'sustained or organized movement.'

Daily Physical Activity: In everyday conversation, '运动' is the go-to word for 'exercise.' If someone asks if you '运动' today, they are asking if you hit the gym, went for a run, or engaged in any physical exertion. It is used both as a noun ('I like sports') and a verb ('I need to exercise').

你平时喜欢做哪些运动？ (What kind of sports do you usually like to do?)

Scientific and Abstract Motion: In physics or philosophy, '运动' describes the displacement of objects in space or the change of state over time. Terms like '地球运动' (the movement of the Earth) or '分子运动' (molecular motion) utilize this word to describe fundamental laws of nature.

生命在于运动。 (Life lies in movement / Exercise is the key to life.)

Social and Political Campaigns: Historically and sociologically, '运动' refers to a 'movement' or 'campaign.' For example, the '五四运动' (May Fourth Movement) or an '环保运动' (environmental movement). In this context, it implies a collective action aimed at achieving a specific social or political goal.

这是一场全国性的环保运动。 (This is a nationwide environmental movement.)

Whether you are discussing your morning jog, the orbits of planets, or a historical revolution, '运动' serves as the foundational pillar for the concept of 'being in action.' It is a high-frequency word that appears in textbooks, news, and casual street talk alike, making it essential for any learner to master across its various registers.

Using '运动' correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as both a noun and a verb, as well as the common verbs that precede it. For English speakers, the most important thing to remember is that '运动' is a general term. While in English we might say 'I do sports,' in Chinese, the phrasing is often '我做运动' (I do exercise) or '我喜欢运动' (I like sports/exercise).

As a Noun (Sports/Exercise): When functioning as a noun, '运动' can be the subject or object of a sentence. It often pairs with verbs like '做' (zuò - to do), '喜欢' (xǐhuan - to like), or '参加' (cānjiā - to participate in).

足球是一项非常有意思的运动。 (Soccer is a very interesting sport.)

As a Verb (To Exercise/To Move): As a verb, '运动' means to engage in physical activity or to move. It is less common to use it as a transitive verb (taking a direct object) in the physical sense; instead, it is usually intransitive.

晚饭后，我们去公园运动一下吧。 (After dinner, let's go to the park to exercise a bit.)

In Compound Phrases: '运动' frequently combines with other words to form specific terms: '运动鞋' (sports shoes/sneakers), '运动场' (sports field/playground), '运动员' (athlete), and '运动会' (sports meet/games).

学校下周要举办秋季运动会。 (The school is going to hold an autumn sports meet next week.)

When using '运动' in a social context, such as 'feminist movement' (女权运动) or 'civil rights movement' (民权运动), the structure remains simple: [Topic] + 运动. This consistency makes it a very powerful word for learners to expand their vocabulary into more complex social discussions.

The word '运动' is ubiquitous in Chinese-speaking environments. From the morning calls in a public park to the evening news broadcasts, you will encounter it in various settings. Understanding these contexts helps in grasping the nuance of the word beyond its dictionary definition.

In Public Parks and Communities: In China, parks are hubs of activity. You will hear elderly people talking about their '晨练' (morning exercise) or simply saying '多运动对身体好' (more exercise is good for the body). It's a common topic of small talk regarding health and longevity.

大夫说我需要增加运动量。 (The doctor said I need to increase my amount of exercise.)

At Schools and Universities: Students are constantly involved in '体育运动' (physical education/sports). The '运动会' (sports meet) is a major annual event in almost every Chinese school, characterized by track and field competitions and opening ceremonies.

In the News and Media: During the Olympics or the World Cup, '运动' is everywhere. Commentators talk about '运动精神' (sportsmanship) and '运动生涯' (athletic career). Additionally, news about social trends often uses '运动' to describe shifts in public behavior, like the '低碳运动' (low-carbon movement).

这位运动员打破了世界纪录。 (This athlete broke the world record.)

Finally, in a professional or medical setting, '运动' is used to discuss physical therapy or physiological functions. A doctor might check your '运动功能' (motor function). This wide range of use—from the casual 'let's play ball' to the clinical 'motor skills'—makes '运动' a versatile and essential word in your Chinese repertoire.

Even though '运动' seems straightforward, English speakers often trip up on its specific usage patterns and how it differs from similar words like '锻炼' or '比赛'. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Chinese sound much more natural.

Confusing '运动' with '锻炼' (duànliàn): While often interchangeable, '锻炼' specifically emphasizes 'tempering' or 'training' the body for health. '运动' is broader. You '锻炼' to get fit, but '运动' includes playing a game of tag or professional sports. Mistake: Saying '我喜欢锻炼足球' (Incorrect). Correct: '我喜欢足球运动' or '我喜欢踢足球'.

Incorrect: 他每天去健身房运动肌肉。 (He goes to the gym to 'exercise' muscles.)
Correct: 他每天去健身房锻炼肌肉。

Using the Wrong Measure Word: Learners often use '个' (gè) for everything. While '一个运动' might be understood, the correct measure word for a type of sport or a movement is '项' (xiàng). For a single instance of exercising, use '次' (cì).

Misunderstanding '运动' in Social Contexts: In a political context, '运动' can sometimes carry a heavy historical weight in China (referring to various political campaigns of the 20th century). While 'social movement' is a neutral translation, be aware of the historical context when discussing '运动' in a political science setting.

Don't confuse 运动 (yùndòng - sports) with 活动 (huódòng - activity/event). An '活动' could be a shopping sale or a party, which isn't necessarily '运动'.

Finally, remember that '运动' as a verb is usually intransitive. You don't '运动 your body' (运动你的身体) as often as you just '运动' (exercise). If you want to say 'move your body,' use '活动一下身体'. Keeping these distinctions in mind will help you navigate conversations about health and society with ease.

To truly master '运动', you need to know how it sits alongside its synonyms and related terms. Chinese has several words for 'movement' and 'exercise,' each with a specific flavor and context. Let's compare '运动' with its closest relatives.

运动 (yùndòng) vs. 锻炼 (duànliàn): '运动' is the general term for sports and physical activity. '锻炼' specifically means to work out or train to improve health or skills. You can '运动' by playing a casual game of catch, but '锻炼' implies a more purposeful effort to get stronger or healthier.

运动 (yùndòng) vs. 体育 (tǐyù): '体育' translates to 'Physical Education' or 'Sports' in a more formal, institutional sense. You have '体育课' (PE class) and '体育频道' (Sports Channel). '运动' is the act of doing the sports, while '体育' is the field or the subject of sports.

Comparison: 我喜欢运动 (I like sports/exercise) vs. 我喜欢体育 (I like sports as a field/subject).

运动 (yùndòng) vs. 活动 (huódòng): '活动' means 'activity' or 'to move around/stretch.' It is much broader than '运动.' A company '活动' could be a meeting or a dinner. If you've been sitting too long, you might '活动一下' (stretch/move a bit), but that's not necessarily a full '运动' (workout).

竞技 (jìngjì) - Competitive Sports: In formal contexts, especially regarding high-level competition, you might see '竞技运动' (competitive sports). This emphasizes the 'contest' or 'competition' aspect more than the general physical activity.

By choosing the right word, you can specify whether you are talking about a casual jog (运动), a rigorous gym session (锻炼), a school subject (体育), or a general event (活动). This precision is a hallmark of an advanced learner.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character '动' (dòng) contains the radical '力' (lì), which means 'strength' or 'power,' highlighting that movement requires energy!

発音ガイド

UK /jʊn tʊŋ/

US /jun dʊŋ/

Both syllables are stressed equally as they both carry the 4th tone.

韻が合う語

运 (yùn) rhymes with 训 (xùn), 俊 (jùn), 问 (wèn - approximate). 动 (dòng) rhymes with 送 (sòng), 痛 (tòng), 梦 (mèng - approximate), 共 (gòng).

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'yùn' as 'yun' (like 'fun') instead of the rounded 'ü'.
Mixing up the 4th tone with the 2nd tone, making it sound like a question.
Pronouncing the 'd' in 'dòng' as a very heavy English 'd'; it should be unaspirated and closer to a soft 't'.
Forgetting to round the lips for the 'ü' sound.
Dropping the 'g' at the end of 'dòng'.

難易度

読解 2/5

The characters are relatively common, but '运' has several strokes to remember.

ライティング 3/5

Writing '运' and '动' requires attention to stroke order, especially the radicals.

スピーキング 2/5

The 4th-4th tone combination is easy once you master the falling tone.

リスニング 1/5

It is a very high-frequency word and easy to distinguish in context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

做 (zuò) 喜欢 (xǐhuan) 身体 (shēntǐ) 跑 (pǎo) 球 (qiú)

次に学ぶ

锻炼 (duànliàn) 健康 (jiànkāng) 比赛 (bǐsài) 赢 (yíng) 输 (shū)

上級

竞技 (jìngjì) 体制 (tǐzhì) 规律 (guīlǜ) 属性 (shǔxìng)

知っておくべき文法

Using '多' (duō) and '少' (shǎo) with verbs.

你应该多运动。 (You should exercise more.)

Measure words for activities (项 xiàng).

这是一项很好的运动。 (This is a good sport.)

The 'A 对 B 好' structure.

运动对身体好。 (Exercise is good for the body.)

Verb Reduplication (运动运动).

我们去运动运动吧。 (Let's go get some exercise.)

Compound Noun Formation.

运动 + 鞋 = 运动鞋 (Sports + Shoes = Sneakers).

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レベル別の例文

我喜欢运动。

I like sports.

Subject + 喜欢 + Noun.

你喜欢什么运动？

What sports do you like?

Question word '什么' used as an adjective for '运动'.

他不运动。

He doesn't exercise.

Negative '不' before the verb '运动'.

我们要多运动。

We need to exercise more.

'多' (more) used before the verb '运动'.

这是什么运动？

What sport is this?

Demonstrative '这' + '是' + question.

我每天运动。

I exercise every day.

Time adverb '每天' before the verb.

运动很有意思。

Sports are very interesting.

Noun + '很' + Adjective.

你会什么运动？

What sports can you do?

Modal verb '会' (can/know how to) + '运动'.

我买了一双运动鞋。

I bought a pair of sneakers.

Measure word '双' (pair) for '运动鞋'.

运动场在那儿。

The sports field is over there.

Locative '在那儿' (is there).

我每周运动三次。

I exercise three times a week.

Frequency expression '每周...三次'.

做运动对身体好。

Doing exercise is good for the body.

Phrase '对...好' (good for...).

你最喜欢的运动员是谁？

Who is your favorite athlete?

'最喜欢' (favorite) modifying '运动员'.

他在运动场跑步。

He is running on the sports field.

Location '在运动场' before the action '跑步'.

我不喜欢剧烈的运动。

I don't like strenuous exercise.

Adjective '剧烈' (strenuous) modifying '运动'.

学校明天开运动会。

The school is having a sports meet tomorrow.

Verb '开' (to hold/open) used with '运动会'.

生命在于运动。

Life lies in movement.

Classical structure 'A 在于 B' (A lies in B).

他因为运动受伤了。

He got injured because of sports.

Causal '因为' (because) + Noun.

这项运动在年轻人中很流行。

This sport is very popular among young people.

Structure '在...中' (among...).

运动可以减轻压力。

Exercise can reduce stress.

Modal '可以' (can) + Verb '减轻' (reduce).

他是一名职业运动员。

He is a professional athlete.

Measure word '名' (míng) for professionals.

你需要增加运动量。

You need to increase your amount of exercise.

Compound '运动量' (amount of exercise).

这种运动不需要昂贵的设备。

This kind of sport doesn't require expensive equipment.

Negative '不需要' (no need for).

他从小就热爱运动。

He has loved sports since he was a child.

Structure '从...就' (ever since...).

物理学研究物体的运动。

Physics studies the movement of objects.

Scientific usage of '运动' as 'motion'.

这场环保运动得到了广泛支持。

This environmental movement has gained wide support.

Usage of '运动' as 'social movement'.

我们要发扬奥林匹克运动精神。

We should promote the spirit of the Olympic movement.

Verb '发扬' (to promote/develop) + '精神'.

他的运动神经非常发达。

His athletic coordination (motor nerves) is very well-developed.

Compound '运动神经' (motor nerves/athletic ability).

这个政党发起了一次政治运动。

This political party launched a political campaign.

Verb '发起' (to launch/initiate).

长时间不运动会导致肌肉萎缩。

Not exercising for a long time can lead to muscle atrophy.

Structure '导致' (lead to) + Result.

这种分子的运动是无规则的。

The movement of this molecule is irregular.

Scientific adjective '无规则' (irregular/random).

他退役后从事运动管理工作。

After retiring, he engaged in sports management work.

Verb '从事' (to engage in) + Field.

五四运动是中国近代史的转折点。

The May Fourth Movement was a turning point in modern Chinese history.

Historical proper noun usage.

宇宙中的一切都在永恒的运动中。

Everything in the universe is in eternal motion.

Philosophical/Scientific abstract usage.

这场文学运动提倡使用白话文。

This literary movement advocated the use of vernacular Chinese.

Verb '提倡' (to advocate).

他试图通过运动来缓解焦虑情绪。

He tried to alleviate his anxiety through exercise.

Structure '通过...来' (through... in order to).

这种社会运动反映了民众的诉求。

This kind of social movement reflects the demands of the people.

Verb '反映' (to reflect) + '诉求' (demands).

资本的运动规律是马克思研究的重点。

The laws of the movement of capital were the focus of Marx's research.

Abstract economic usage of '运动'.

他的运动生涯充满了传奇色彩。

His athletic career is full of legendary color.

Phrase '充满...色彩' (full of... color/flavor).

我们要警惕那些极端的社会运动。

We should be wary of those extreme social movements.

Verb '警惕' (to be vigilant/wary of).

布朗运动证明了分子热运动的存在。

Brownian motion proved the existence of molecular thermal motion.

Advanced scientific terminology.

辩证唯物主义认为运动是物质的根本属性。

Dialectical materialism holds that motion is the fundamental attribute of matter.

High-level philosophical discourse.

这场思想启蒙运动深刻影响了后世。

This intellectual enlightenment movement profoundly influenced later generations.

Abstract historical analysis.

地壳运动是导致地震的主要原因。

Crustal movement is the main cause of earthquakes.

Geological terminology.

他深刻剖析了当代民权运动的复杂性。

He deeply analyzed the complexity of contemporary civil rights movements.

Verb '剖析' (to analyze deeply).

天体运动的精确计算需要复杂的数学模型。

Precise calculation of celestial motion requires complex mathematical models.

Advanced technical usage.

这场改革运动在执行过程中遇到了重重阻力。

This reform movement encountered numerous obstacles during its implementation.

Idiomatic '重重阻力' (layer upon layer of resistance).

运动与静止是相对的，这是物理学的基本常识。

Motion and rest are relative; this is basic common sense in physics.

Relativity concept in Chinese.

よく使う組み合わせ

做运动

体育运动

运动量

运动鞋

运动员

运动会

社会运动

运动神经

剧烈运动

奥林匹克运动

よく使うフレーズ

生命在于运动

— Life depends on movement. It's a common proverb encouraging exercise.

爷爷常说生命在于运动。

户外运动

— Outdoor sports or activities.

他周末喜欢去户外运动。

有氧运动

— Aerobic exercise (cardio).

跑步是一种很好的有氧运动。

无氧运动

— Anaerobic exercise (weightlifting, etc.).

举重属于无氧运动。

运动器材

— Sports equipment.

健身房里有很多运动器材。

运动天赋

— Athletic talent.

这个孩子很有运动天赋。

运动损伤

— Sports injury.

他因为运动损伤停止了训练。

运动服

— Sportswear/tracksuit.

学生们都穿着运动服。

运动细胞

— Athletic 'cells' (slang for having a natural knack for sports).

我完全没有运动细胞。

群众运动

— Mass movement/campaign.

这是一场自发的群众运动。

よく混同される語

运动 vs 锻炼 (duànliàn)

锻炼 is more about 'working out' or 'training' specifically for health or skill improvement.

运动 vs 活动 (huódòng)

活动 is a general 'activity' or 'event,' which might not involve physical exercise at all.

运动 vs 比赛 (bǐsài)

比赛 refers to a 'match' or 'competition,' whereas 运动 is the general act of doing sports.

慣用句と表現

"闻风而动"

— To act immediately upon hearing news or a rumor.

警察闻风而动，迅速赶到了现场。

Formal

"蠢蠢欲动"

— Ready to make trouble; itching to take action (usually negative).

敌军在边境蠢蠢欲动。

Neutral/Negative

"按兵不动"

— To keep one's troops back; to not take any action yet.

在情况不明之前，我们先按兵不动。

Formal

"轻举妄动"

— To act blindly or rashly without careful thought.

这件事很重要，千万不要轻举妄动。

Formal

"惊心动魄"

— Soul-stirring; breathtaking (literally 'shaking the heart and soul').

那场比赛真是惊心动魄。

Literary

"欢欣鼓舞"

— Elated and inspired; dancing for joy.

听到这个好消息，大家都欢欣鼓舞。

Formal

"兴师动众"

— To drag in a lot of people; to make a big fuss.

只是件小事，没必要兴师动众。

Neutral

"动人心弦"

— Touching; tugging at one's heartstrings.

她的歌声非常动人心弦。

Literary

"雷打不动"

— Unyielding; determined (literally 'cannot be moved by thunder').

他每天早起跑步，雷打不动。

Informal

"风吹草动"

— A slight movement (literally 'the wind blowing the grass'); a sign of trouble.

有一点风吹草动，他就会警觉起来。

Neutral

間違えやすい

运动 vs 锻炼

Both mean exercise.

锻炼 is more focused on the process of training the body. 运动 is the general category of sports and movement.

他在锻炼身体。 (He is training his body.)

运动 vs 体育

Both relate to sports.

体育 is the formal field of physical education. 运动 is the actual physical activity.

体育老师教我们运动。 (The PE teacher teaches us sports.)

运动 vs 活动

Both mean moving.

活动 is any activity (social, commercial, physical). 运动 is specifically sports or systematic movement.

商场有活动。 (The mall has an event.)

运动 vs 运行

Both mean to move.

运行 is used for machines, software, or orbits. 运动 is for people or general motion.

程序正在运行。 (The program is running.)

运动 vs 举动

Both relate to moving.

举动 is a specific 'act' or 'behavior.' 运动 is a continuous activity or movement.

他的举动很奇怪。 (His behavior is strange.)

文型パターン

我喜欢[运动].

我喜欢运动。

我每周运动[次数].

我每周运动三次。

[运动]对[身体]好.

运动对身体好。

做[项]运动.

他正在做一项运动。

这是一场[类型]运动.

这是一场环保运动。

由于[原因]，他停止了运动.

由于受伤，他停止了运动。

[主语]提倡[运动].

政府提倡全民运动。

[名词]的运动规律.

我们要研究市场的运动规律。

語族

名詞

运动员 (Athlete)

运动会 (Sports meet)

运动场 (Sports field)

运动鞋 (Sneakers)

运动服 (Sportswear)

运动量 (Amount of exercise)

動詞

运动 (To exercise/move)

运作 (To operate/run)

运用 (To apply/use)

运行 (To run/orbit)

形容詞

运动型的 (Athletic/Sporty)

动人的 (Moving/Touching)

动态的 (Dynamic)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Chinese.

よくある間違い

Using '个' as a measure word. → Using '项' (xiàng).
While '一个运动' might be understood, '一项运动' is the grammatically correct way to refer to a type of sport.
Saying '做篮球' (zuò lánqiú). → Saying '打篮球' (dǎ lánqiú).
You '做运动' (do exercise) but you '打' (hit/play) ball games or '踢' (kick) soccer.
Confusing '运动' with '活动'. → Using '运动' for sports and '活动' for events.
An '活动' can be a sale or a party. '运动' must involve physical exercise or systematic movement.
Using '运动' to mean 'to move house'. → Using '搬家' (bānjiā).
'运动' is for physical exercise or motion, not for relocating your residence.
Mispronouncing the 'ü' in 'yùn'. → Rounding the lips for 'yùn'.
If you say 'yun' like 'fun,' it won't be understood. It must be the rounded 'ü' sound.

ヒント

Verb-Object Pairing

Remember that '运动' is often used with '做' (zuò). While '我运动' is okay, '我做运动' is very common for 'I exercise.'

Compound Words

Learn '运动员', '运动鞋', and '运动会' together. They all share the same root and are very common.

Public Exercise

If you are in China, look for '运动' in parks. It's a great way to see the word in action through Tai Chi and dancing.

Tone Practice

Practice the double 4th tone (yùn-dòng). It should be sharp and decisive.

Radical Recognition

Recognize the '辶' radical in '运' as it relates to movement and paths.

Context Clues

If you hear '运动' in a news report, check if they are talking about the Olympics or a political campaign.

Common Proverb

Memorize '生命在于运动' (Life lies in movement). It's a great phrase to use with older Chinese people.

运动 vs 锻炼

Use '锻炼' when you want to sound like you are working hard at the gym. Use '运动' for general sports.

Scientific Motion

In physics, '运动' is the standard term for 'motion.' Keep this in mind for technical reading.

Social Movements

Use '[Topic] + 运动' to describe any collective effort, like '环保运动' (environmental movement).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a cloud (云) moving across the sky on a path (辶) - that's '运'. Then imagine using your strength (力) to move something heavy (重) - that's '动'. Together, they are '运动'!

視覚的連想

Picture a person running on a track. The track is the '运' (the path) and the person's legs are the '动' (the action).

Word Web

运动足球篮球跑步游泳健身房运动员健康

チャレンジ

Try to use '运动' in three different ways today: once for a sport you like, once for your daily exercise, and once to describe something moving (like a car or a clock).

語源

The word '运动' is composed of two ancient Chinese characters. '运' (yùn) originally depicted the movement of a cart or chariot, implying transport or a planned path. '动' (dòng) originally meant to act or to exert force, often related to heavy lifting or labor.

元の意味： In classical texts, the two characters together referred to the rotation of celestial bodies or the general principle of things being in motion rather than static.

Sino-Tibetan, Sinitic branch.

文化的な背景

When discussing '政治运动' (political movements) in a historical context, be aware that some periods (like the Cultural Revolution) are sensitive topics in China.

In English-speaking cultures, 'sports' often implies competition, while 'exercise' is for health. '运动' covers both seamlessly.

五四运动 (May Fourth Movement) - A pivotal intellectual and political movement in 1919. 奥林匹克运动 (The Olympic Movement). 新生活运动 (New Life Movement) - A 1930s civic education campaign.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Gym

做有氧运动
增加运动量
运动器材
运动损伤

At School

体育运动
参加运动会
运动场
运动员

Talking about Health

多运动
生命在于运动
运动对身体好
坚持运动

Shopping

运动鞋
运动服
运动水壶
运动手表

News/Politics

社会运动
政治运动
环保运动
奥林匹克运动

会話のきっかけ

"你平时喜欢做哪些运动？ (What sports do you usually like to do?)"

"你觉得哪种运动最难学？ (Which sport do you think is the hardest to learn?)"

"你最喜欢的运动员是谁？ (Who is your favorite athlete?)"

"你每周运动几次？ (How many times a week do you exercise?)"

"你们国家最流行的运动是什么？ (What is the most popular sport in your country?)"

日記のテーマ

写一写你最喜欢的运动，以及为什么喜欢它。 (Write about your favorite sport and why you like it.)

描述一次你参加运动会的经历。 (Describe an experience of participating in a sports meet.)

谈谈运动对你的生活有什么影响。 (Talk about the impact exercise has on your life.)

你认为运动员应该具备什么样的精神？ (What kind of spirit do you think athletes should have?)

如果你可以发明一种新的运动，它会是什么样的？ (If you could invent a new sport, what would it be like?)

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, '运动' can be a verb meaning 'to exercise' or 'to move.' For example, '你该运动了' (You should exercise now). However, it is often paired with '做' (zuò) to form '做运动' (to do exercise).

'体育' (tǐyù) is more formal and refers to 'Physical Education' or the institutional side of sports. '运动' (yùndòng) is the physical activity itself. You take a '体育课' (PE class) to do '运动' (exercise).

You can say '我喜欢运动' (I like sports) or '我做运动' (I do exercise). If you mean a specific sport, use the specific verb, like '打篮球' (play basketball).

Yes, '运动' is the standard word for social or political movements, such as '民权运动' (civil rights movement) or '环保运动' (environmental movement).

The most common measure word for a type of sport or a movement is '项' (xiàng). For example, '一项运动' (a sport).

Usually, '运行' (yùnxíng) is better for machines or software. '运动' is used more for people, celestial bodies, or abstract physics concepts.

It literally means 'sports cells.' It's a slang term used to describe someone who is naturally athletic. '他很有运动细胞' means 'He is very athletic.'

It is neutral and can be used in any context, from casual conversation to scientific papers and news reports.

'运动会' (yùndònghuì) is a sports meet or games, like a school field day or the Olympic Games (奥林匹克运动会).

The word is '运动鞋' (yùndòngxié). It is the general term for sneakers or athletic footwear.

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