亲人 30秒で
- Close relatives; family members.
- Includes parents, siblings, children, and other close family.
- Emphasizes strong emotional and kinship bonds.
- Used in daily conversations about family.
- Definition
- '亲人' (qīnrén) refers to one's close relatives, including family members such as parents, siblings, children, grandparents, and sometimes aunts, uncles, and cousins, depending on the closeness of the relationship. It's a general term that encompasses the people who are biologically or legally connected to you and with whom you share a strong bond of kinship.
- Usage Context
- This term is frequently used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing family matters, personal relationships, or expressing feelings of love and belonging. It is commonly heard in discussions about family gatherings, holidays, or when talking about who is important in one's life. For example, when someone is far away from their home, they might express how much they miss their '亲人'. It can also be used in more formal contexts, like in speeches or writings about family values.
- Nuance
- While '亲人' generally refers to immediate family, its scope can be broader. In some contexts, it might include extended family members who are considered very close, almost like immediate family. The emphasis is on the emotional closeness and familial ties rather than just a technical relationship. It carries a warm and affectionate connotation, highlighting the importance of these individuals in one's life.
When we talk about family, the word 亲人 is very important.
- Cultural Significance
- In Chinese culture, family ties are highly valued. The concept of '亲人' is central to this, emphasizing the collective well-being and mutual support within a family. Filial piety and respect for elders are deeply ingrained, making the bonds with '亲人' particularly strong and significant throughout one's life. This word often evokes feelings of warmth, security, and deep affection.
- Examples of Who is Included
- Commonly included are: 父母 (fùmǔ - parents), 兄弟姐妹 (xiōngdì jiěmèi - siblings), 孩子 (háizi - children), 祖父母 (zǔfùmǔ - grandparents). In a broader sense, it can also extend to 叔叔阿姨 (shūshu āyí - uncles and aunts) and 堂/表兄弟姐妹 (táng/biǎo xiōngdì jiěmèi - cousins) if the relationship is very close.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- '亲人' typically functions as a noun and can be the subject, object, or part of a possessive phrase. It is often used with verbs related to emotion, action, or relationship, such as '爱' (ài - to love), '想念' (xiǎngniàn - to miss), '照顾' (zhàogù - to take care of), '团聚' (tuánjù - to reunite).
- Expressing Affection
- You can express love and care for your relatives using this term. For example, '我爱我的亲人' (Wǒ ài wǒ de qīnrén - I love my close relatives). This is a direct and heartfelt statement.
- Talking About Missing Someone
- When you are away from your family, you can say '我很想念我的亲人' (Wǒ hěn xiǎngniàn wǒ de qīnrén - I really miss my close relatives). This conveys a sense of longing and emotional connection.
- Describing Family Reunions
- The joy of being together with family can be expressed as '和亲人团聚是件很幸福的事' (Hé qīnrén tuánjù shì jiàn hěn xìngfú de shì - Reuniting with close relatives is a very happy thing). This highlights the importance of togetherness.
- Taking Care of Relatives
- When discussing responsibilities towards family, you might hear '我们要照顾好自己的亲人' (Wǒmen yào zhàogù hǎo zìjǐ de qīnrén - We must take good care of our close relatives). This emphasizes the duty of care.
- Referring to Others' Relatives
- You can also use it when talking about other people's families, for example, '他为了亲人付出了很多' (Tā wèile qīnrén fùchūle hěnduō - He sacrificed a lot for his close relatives). This shows how the word is used in broader narrative contexts.
My 亲人 are the most important people in my life.
- Family Gatherings
- During festivals like Chinese New Year (春节 Chūnjié) or Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节 Zhōngqiūjié), families gather. You'll hear people talking about coming together with their '亲人', or how happy they are to see their '亲人'. Conversations often revolve around relatives who have traveled from afar to be with their '亲人'.
- Daily Conversations
- In everyday life, people might mention their '亲人' when discussing their personal lives. For instance, '我周末要去看我的亲人' (Wǒ zhōumò yào qù kàn wǒ de qīnrén - I'm going to visit my close relatives this weekend). Or, when sharing news, '我的亲人最近身体不太好' (Wǒ de qīnrén zuìjìn shēntǐ bù tài hǎo - My close relatives haven't been feeling very well recently).
- Media and Entertainment
- Movies, TV shows, and books often feature themes of family. Characters might express their love for their '亲人', discuss conflicts or reconciliations with them, or talk about the sacrifices they make for their '亲人'. This word is a staple in narratives centered around family bonds.
- Expressions of Gratitude and Support
- When someone receives help or support, they might say, '我很感激我的亲人' (Wǒ hěn gǎnjī wǒ de qīnrén - I am very grateful to my close relatives). This highlights the supportive role that '亲人' play in individuals' lives.
- Discussions about Home and Belonging
- People who are living or working far from home often talk about missing their '亲人' and their hometown. This word is intrinsically linked to the concept of home and the emotional anchor that family provides.
During the holiday, everyone gathered to see their 亲人.
- Confusing with General Friends
- Mistake: Using '亲人' to refer to close friends. While friends can be like family, '亲人' specifically denotes blood relatives or legally recognized family members. Using it for friends can sound inaccurate or overly intimate in a way that might not be intended.
- Overgeneralization to Distant Relatives
- Mistake: Applying '亲人' to very distant relatives with whom there is little or no contact. While technically related, if the relationship is not close, using '亲人' might be an overstatement. It's more appropriate for immediate family and those with whom you share a strong emotional bond.
- Incorrect Use of Possessives
- Mistake: Omitting the possessive particle '的' (de) when referring to someone else's relatives. For example, saying '他亲人' instead of '他的亲人'. While in some informal contexts, possessives can be dropped, for clarity and correctness, it's better to include '的' when referring to someone else's family.
- Using it for In-laws without Clarification
- Mistake: Assuming '亲人' automatically includes in-laws without further clarification. While in-laws are family, the term '亲人' might implicitly lean towards blood relatives. It's often clearer to specify, for example, '我丈夫的亲人' (wǒ zhàngfū de qīnrén - my husband's close relatives) or use more specific terms for in-laws if context requires.
- Pronunciation Errors
- Mistake: Mispronouncing the tones, especially the third tone in '亲' (qīn). Incorrect tones can lead to misunderstanding. Practicing the tones diligently is crucial for accurate communication.
It is a mistake to call your friends 亲人.
- 家人 (jiārén)
- Comparison: '家人' (jiārén) also means family members, but it is a more general term that can include anyone living in the same household, such as spouses, children, parents, and sometimes even domestic helpers or close friends who live together. '亲人' emphasizes blood or legal ties and strong emotional bonds more than just cohabitation.
- 亲戚 (qīnqi)
- Comparison: '亲戚' (qīnqi) refers to relatives in a broader sense, encompassing both paternal and maternal sides of the family, including aunts, uncles, cousins, and in-laws. It is a more extensive category than '亲人'. While '亲人' are always '亲戚', not all '亲戚' are necessarily considered '亲人' if the relationship is not close.
- 至亲 (zhìqīn)
- Comparison: '至亲' (zhìqīn) is a more formal and emphatic term for closest relatives, often referring to parents, siblings, and children. It implies a very deep and intimate bond, even closer than the general term '亲人'. It's less common in casual conversation.
- 亲属 (qīnshǔ)
- Comparison: '亲属' (qīnshǔ) is a more formal and legal term for relatives, often used in legal documents or official contexts. It covers all individuals related by blood or marriage. It lacks the emotional warmth and personal connection implied by '亲人'.
- 骨肉 (gǔròu)
- Comparison: '骨肉' (gǔròu) literally means bone and flesh, metaphorically referring to very close blood relatives, particularly parents and children, or siblings. It emphasizes the deep, intrinsic connection of blood ties. It's a more poetic and emotionally charged term than '亲人'.
While 亲人 refers to close relatives, 亲戚 is a broader term for all relatives.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The character '亲' (qīn) itself is a phono-semantic compound. The phonetic component is '斤' (jīn), and the semantic component is '见' (jiàn) in its older form, representing seeing someone closely. Over time, '见' evolved into the image of a person holding a child, emphasizing familial bonds.
発音ガイド
- Not aspirating the 'ch' sound in '亲' (qīn), making it sound like 'chin' instead of 'chin'.
- Pronouncing the 'r' in '人' (rén) too strongly, making it sound like an English 'r' rather than the Chinese retroflex 'r'.
- Incorrect tones: '亲' is usually first tone (high and level), and '人' is usually second tone (rising). Mispronouncing these tones can change the meaning.
- Confusing the vowel sound in '亲' with other vowel sounds.
難易度
CEFR A2 level. The word '亲人' is fundamental for understanding basic family relationships and is introduced early in language learning. Its meaning is quite direct and its usage in simple sentences is straightforward.
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前提知識
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知っておくべき文法
Possessive Particle '的' (de)
When referring to someone else's close relatives, the possessive particle '的' is usually used. For example, '我的亲人' (my close relatives), '他的亲人' (his close relatives).
Using '和' (hé) for 'and' or 'with'
To indicate being with close relatives, '和' is used. For example, '我和我的亲人一起吃饭' (I eat with my close relatives).
Quantifiers for People
When referring to a specific number of relatives, quantifiers are used. For example, '我的三个亲人' (my three close relatives). The common measure word for people is '个' (gè).
Using '都' (dōu) for 'all'
'都' is used to indicate that an action or state applies to all members of a group. For example, '我的亲人都住在北京' (All my close relatives live in Beijing).
Expressing Emotion with Verbs
Verbs like '爱' (ài - love), '想念' (xiǎngniàn - miss), '关心' (guānxīn - care about) are often used with '亲人'. For example, '我非常想念我的亲人' (I miss my close relatives very much).
レベル別の例文
我的亲人都在中国。
My close relatives are all in China.
This sentence uses '都在' (dōu zài) which means 'all are in'.
我爱我的亲人。
I love my close relatives.
'爱' (ài) means 'love'. The possessive '我的' (wǒ de) is used before '亲人'.
周末我要和亲人聚一聚。
I want to get together with my close relatives this weekend.
'聚一聚' (jù yī jù) means 'to get together for a while'.
他很想念他的亲人。
He misses his close relatives very much.
'想念' (xiǎngniàn) means 'to miss'.
这是我的亲人送给我的礼物。
This is a gift given to me by my close relatives.
The structure 'A 送给 B 的 C' means 'C given by A to B'. Here, '礼物' (lǐwù - gift) is the C.
我们是一家亲人。
We are one family of close relatives.
This phrase emphasizes strong familial bonds and unity.
请照顾好你的亲人。
Please take good care of your close relatives.
'照顾' (zhàogù) means 'to take care of'.
我的亲人都在国外。
My close relatives are all abroad.
'国外' (guó wài) means 'abroad' or 'overseas'.
尽管工作很忙，他还是抽空去看望他的亲人。
Although his work is very busy, he still makes time to visit his close relatives.
'尽管' (jǐnguǎn) means 'although'. '抽空' (chōu kòng) means 'to find time'.
家庭团聚是亲人之间情感交流的重要时刻。
Family reunions are important moments for emotional exchange among close relatives.
'情感交流' (qínggǎn jiāoliú) means 'emotional exchange'.
她把所有的积蓄都给了她的亲人。
She gave all her savings to her close relatives.
'积蓄' (jīxù) means 'savings'.
在困难时期，亲人的支持是无价的。
During difficult times, the support of close relatives is priceless.
'无价的' (wújià de) means 'priceless'.
他一直觉得亏欠他的亲人。
He always felt he owed his close relatives.
'亏欠' (kuīqiàn) means 'to owe' or 'to feel indebted'.
我们应该珍惜与亲人在一起的时光。
We should cherish the time spent with our close relatives.
'珍惜' (zhēnxī) means 'to cherish'.
随着年龄的增长，我越来越体会到亲人的重要性。
As I grow older, I increasingly understand the importance of close relatives.
'体会到' (tǐhuì dào) means 'to realize' or 'to appreciate'.
她决定回国，以便能多陪伴她的亲人。
She decided to return to her home country in order to spend more time with her close relatives.
'以便' (yǐbiàn) means 'so as to' or 'in order to'.
在全球化日益加深的今天，许多人为了工作或学业不得不远离他们的亲人。
In today's increasingly globalized world, many people have to live far away from their close relatives for work or studies.
'全球化日益加深' (quánqiú huà rìyì jiāshēn) means 'globalization is increasingly deepening'.
这种传统习俗强调了亲人之间相互扶持的责任。
This traditional custom emphasizes the responsibility of mutual support among close relatives.
'相互扶持' (xiānghù fúchí) means 'mutual support'.
虽然存在代沟，但血浓于水的情感始终是维系亲人关系的基础。
Although there is a generation gap, the emotional bond of 'blood is thicker than water' has always been the foundation for maintaining relationships among close relatives.
'代沟' (dàigōu) means 'generation gap'. '血浓于水' (xuè nóng yú shuǐ) is an idiom meaning 'blood is thicker than water'.
他以能够成为他亲人的一员而感到自豪。
He feels proud to be a member of his close relatives.
'以...而感到自豪' (yǐ... ér gǎndào zìháo) means 'to feel proud of...'
家庭教育的成败很大程度上取决于父母与亲人之间的沟通。
The success or failure of family education largely depends on the communication between parents and their close relatives.
'成败' (chéngbài) means 'success or failure'.
在某些文化中，孝顺亲人被视为一项至高无上的美德。
In some cultures, filial piety towards close relatives is considered a supreme virtue.
'孝顺' (xiàoshùn) means 'filial piety'.
他努力工作，不仅是为了自己，更是为了给他的亲人提供更好的生活。
He works hard not only for himself but also to provide a better life for his close relatives.
'不仅...更是...' (bùjǐn... gèng shì...) means 'not only... but also...'
尽管现代社会生活节奏加快，但人们对亲情的渴望从未改变。
Despite the accelerated pace of life in modern society, people's longing for familial affection has never changed.
'亲情' (qīnqíng) means 'family affection'.
在传统观念中，家族的荣誉和福祉往往被置于个人利益之上，亲人之间的命运常常紧密相连。
In traditional beliefs, the honor and well-being of the family often take precedence over individual interests, and the fates of close relatives are frequently intertwined.
'家族的荣誉和福祉' (jiāzú de róngyù hé fúzhǐ) means 'family honor and well-being'.
他一生都在为弥补年少时对亲人造成的伤害而努力。
He spent his whole life striving to atone for the harm he caused to his close relatives in his youth.
'弥补' (míbǔ) means 'to make up for' or 'to compensate for'.
面对突如其来的变故，他展现出了超乎寻常的勇气，只为保护他的亲人。
In the face of sudden adversity, he displayed extraordinary courage, solely to protect his close relatives.
'突如其来的变故' (tūrúqílái de biàngù) means 'sudden adversity' or 'unexpected change'.
她深知，即便远隔重洋，亲人之间的心灵感应也从未中断。
She knew deeply that even though they were separated by vast oceans, the telepathic connection between close relatives had never been broken.
'心灵感应' (xīnlíng gǎnyìng) means 'telepathy' or 'mental connection'.
在处理家庭事务时，他总是以亲人的幸福为最高考量。
When dealing with family matters, he always makes the happiness of his close relatives his highest consideration.
'最高考量' (zuìgāo kǎoliàng) means 'highest consideration'.
尽管社会观念在变迁，但对亲人的责任感依然是中国人价值观的重要组成部分。
Although societal views are changing, the sense of responsibility towards close relatives remains an important component of Chinese values.
'价值观' (jiàzhíguān) means 'values'.
他通过不懈的努力，终于为他的亲人赢得了应有的尊重和地位。
Through unremitting effort, he finally won the respect and status that his close relatives deserved.
'不懈的努力' (bùxiè de nǔlì) means 'unremitting effort'.
家庭的凝聚力很大程度上取决于亲人之间能否坦诚沟通，并共同面对挑战。
The cohesion of a family largely depends on whether close relatives can communicate honestly and face challenges together.
'凝聚力' (níngjùlì) means 'cohesion' or 'cohesiveness'.
在某些传统文化语境下，对亲人的义务甚至超越了法律的约束，成为一种根深蒂固的道德准则。
In certain traditional cultural contexts, obligations to close relatives even transcend legal constraints, becoming a deeply ingrained moral principle.
'根深蒂固' (gēn shēn dì gù) is an idiom meaning 'deep-rooted'.
他毕生致力于研究亲属关系对个体心理发展的影响，试图揭示其深层机制。
He dedicated his life to studying the influence of kinship on individual psychological development, attempting to uncover its deeper mechanisms.
'亲属关系' (qīnshǔ guānxì) means 'kinship relations'.
尽管现代社会强调个体独立，但血缘纽带所赋予的归属感和安全感，对于维系亲人之间的情感联结仍然至关重要。
Although modern society emphasizes individual independence, the sense of belonging and security endowed by blood ties remains crucial for maintaining the emotional connection among close relatives.
'血缘纽带' (xuèyuán niǔdài) means 'blood ties' or 'kinship ties'.
在紧急关头，亲人之间往往会爆发出超越个体局限的巨大能量，共同抵御外来的冲击。
In moments of crisis, close relatives often unleash immense energy that transcends individual limitations, jointly resisting external shocks.
'爆发' (bàofā) means 'to erupt' or 'to burst forth'.
他以一种近乎宗教般的虔诚，履行着对年迈亲人的赡养义务。
With an almost religious devotion, he fulfilled his obligation to support his elderly close relatives.
'虔诚' (qiánchéng) means 'devout' or 'pious'.
社会变迁带来的原子化趋势，使得维系原有的亲人网络成为一项充满挑战却又意义非凡的任务。
The trend of atomization brought about by social change makes maintaining the original network of close relatives a challenging yet exceptionally meaningful task.
'原子化' (yuánzǐ huà) means 'atomization'.
他深谙人情世故，深知在关键时刻，唯有亲人的鼎力相助方能化解危机。
He is well-versed in worldly affairs and knows that at critical junctures, only the strong support of close relatives can resolve a crisis.
'人情世故' (rénqíng shìgù) means 'worldly wisdom' or 'understanding of human relations'.
尽管现代社会推崇个体主义，但对亲人的情感羁绊，依然是许多人内心深处无法割舍的情结。
Despite modern society advocating individualism, the emotional bonds with close relatives remain an inextricable complex deep within many people's hearts.
'羁绊' (jībàn) means 'bond' or 'tie'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— My close relatives. This is the most straightforward way to refer to one's own family members.
我的亲人都在北京。(Wǒ de qīnrén dōu zài Běijīng.) - My close relatives are all in Beijing.
— To miss one's close relatives. This phrase expresses longing for family members who are far away.
离家多年，我非常想念我的亲人。(Lí jiā duōnián, wǒ fēicháng xiǎngniàn wǒ de qīnrén.) - Having been away from home for many years, I miss my close relatives very much.
— Family reunion; getting together with close relatives. This phrase is often used during holidays or special occasions.
春节是亲人团聚的时刻。(Chūnjié shì qīnrén tuánjù de shíkè.) - Chinese New Year is a time for family reunions.
— To take care of one's close relatives. This implies providing support, help, or looking after their well-being.
他辞去了工作，专心照顾生病的亲人。(Tā cí qùle gōngzuò, zhuānxīn zhàogù shēngbìng de qīnrén.) - He quit his job to focus on taking care of his sick close relatives.
— Among close relatives; between close relatives. This phrase is used to describe interactions or relationships within the family.
亲人之间的信任是无价的。(Qīnrén zhī jiān de xìnrèn shì wújià de.) - Trust among close relatives is priceless.
— To love my close relatives. A simple and direct expression of affection.
我爱我的亲人，他们是我的一切。(Wǒ ài wǒ de qīnrén, tāmen shì wǒ de yīqiè.) - I love my close relatives; they are my everything.
— The support of close relatives. This refers to the emotional, financial, or practical help provided by family members.
得到了亲人的支持，他更有信心了。(Dédàole qīnrén de zhīchí, tā gèng yǒu xìnxīn le.) - With the support of his close relatives, he became more confident.
— For the sake of close relatives. This indicates that an action is performed for the benefit of family members.
他努力工作，都是为了他的亲人。(Tā nǔlì gōngzuò, dōu shì wèile tā de qīnrén.) - He works hard, all for his close relatives.
— The care and concern from close relatives. This highlights the affectionate attention family members give to each other.
我感受到了亲人的关怀，非常温暖。(Wǒ gǎnshòu dàole qīnrén de guānhuái, fēicháng wēnnuǎn.) - I felt the care from my close relatives, which was very warm.
— A gift from close relatives. This refers to something given by family members.
这是我亲人的礼物，我很喜欢。(Zhè shì wǒ qīnrén de lǐwù, wǒ hěn xǐhuān.) - This is a gift from my close relatives; I like it very much.
よく混同される語
'家人' is a broader term for family members, potentially including anyone living in the household. '亲人' specifically refers to close relatives by blood or marriage, emphasizing deeper kinship and emotional bonds.
'亲戚' is a more general term for all relatives, including extended family. '亲人' focuses on the closest, most emotionally connected relatives.
'朋友' means friend. While friends can be very close, '亲人' specifically denotes familial relationships, not chosen friendships.
慣用句と表現
— Literally 'blood is thicker than water'. This idiom emphasizes that familial bonds are stronger than any other relationship. It directly relates to the deep connection between '亲人'.
虽然我们很久没见了，但血浓于水，我们永远是一家人。(Suīrán wǒmen hěn jiǔ méi jiànle, dàn xuè nóng yú shuǐ, wǒmen yǒngyuǎn shì yī jiārén.) - Although we haven't seen each other for a long time, blood is thicker than water, and we are always family.
— Literally 'bone and flesh are connected'. This idiom refers to the inseparable bond between very close blood relatives, highlighting the deep intrinsic connection implied by '亲人'.
作为父母，他们与孩子骨肉相连，无法割舍。(Zuòwéi fùmǔ, tāmen yǔ háizi gǔròu xiānglián, wúfǎ gēshě.) - As parents, they are connected to their children by bone and flesh, and cannot be separated.
— Deep affection between siblings. This idiom specifically describes the strong bond within siblings, who are a core part of '亲人'.
这对兄妹从小就手足情深，互相照顾。(Zhè duì xiōngmèi cóngxiǎo jiù shǒuzú qíng shēn, hùxiāng zhàogù.) - These brother and sister have had deep affection for each other since childhood and take care of one another.
— Deep love of parents for their children. This idiom captures the profound parental affection that is central to the concept of '亲人'.
这位母亲对孩子舐犊情深，付出了全部心血。(Zhè wèi mǔqīn duì háizi shì dú qíng shēn, fùchūle quánbù xīnxuè.) - This mother has deep parental love for her child and has devoted all her energy.
— The joy of family life; happiness of family members. This refers to the happiness derived from being with one's '亲人'.
到了晚年，他最享受的就是与亲人共享天伦之乐。(Dàole wǎnnián, tā zuì xiǎngshòu de jiùshì yǔ qīnrén gòngxiǎng tiānlún zhī lè.) - In his later years, what he enjoyed most was sharing the joy of family life with his close relatives.
— Literally 'same breath, connected branches'. This idiom describes people who share the same origin or are closely related, referring to the shared nature of '亲人'.
虽然分属不同部门，但我们同气连枝，是一家公司的人。(Suīrán fēn shǔ bùtóng bùmén, dàn wǒmen tóng qì lián zhī, shì yī jiā gōngsī de rén.) - Although in different departments, we are like connected branches, belonging to the same company.
— One takes on the color of one's company; good company leads to good habits, bad company leads to bad habits. While not directly about '亲人', it implies that the influence of those closest to you (often '亲人') is significant.
父母应该为孩子树立好榜样，因为近朱者赤，近墨者黑。(Fùmǔ yīnggāi wèi háizi shùlì hǎo bǎngyàng, yīnwèi jìn zhū zhě chì, jìn mò zhě hēi.) - Parents should set a good example for their children, because one takes on the color of one's company.
— To be passed down in a continuous line; inherited. This can refer to traditions, qualities, or even lineage passed down through '亲人'.
他的艺术才华是一脉相承自他的祖父。(Tā de yìshù cáihuá shì yīmài xiāngchéng zì tā de zǔfù.) - His artistic talent was inherited from his grandfather.
— To share joys and hardships together. This idiom describes the deep bond and mutual support expected among '亲人'.
真正的朋友或亲人，就应该同甘共苦。(Zhēndìng de péngyou huò qīnrén, jiù yīnggāi tóng gān gòng kǔ.) - True friends or close relatives should share joys and hardships together.
— The ends of the earth; very far away. While not directly about '亲人', it's often used in the context of missing or being separated from them.
无论我的亲人在天涯海角，我都会找到他们。(Wúlùn wǒ de qīnrén zài tiānyá hǎijiǎo, wǒ dū huì zhǎodào tāmen.) - No matter where my close relatives are at the ends of the earth, I will find them.
間違えやすい
Both terms refer to people within a family unit.
'家人' is a more general term that can include anyone living in the same household, such as spouses, children, parents, and even close friends who share a home. '亲人' specifically denotes close relatives by blood or marriage, emphasizing a deeper, more intrinsic bond of kinship and emotional connection. For example, your roommate might be considered '家人' if you live together, but not necessarily '亲人'. Your parents and siblings are both '家人' and '亲人'.
我家有三口人，我和我的丈夫以及孩子，我们是幸福的家人。(Wǒ jiā yǒu sān kǒu rén, wǒ hé wǒ de zhàngfū yǐjí háizi, wǒmen shì xìngfú de jiārén.) - My family has three people: my husband, our child, and me; we are a happy family. (Here '家人' refers to the household unit.) 我的父母和兄弟姐妹都是我的亲人。(Wǒ de fùmǔ hé xiōngdì jiěmèi dōu shì wǒ de qīnrén.) - My parents and siblings are all my close relatives. (Here '亲人' emphasizes the blood ties and deep connection.)
Both terms refer to people related by family.
'亲戚' is a broader category that encompasses all relatives, including extended family members like aunts, uncles, cousins, in-laws, and even more distant relations. '亲人' is a more specific term, typically referring to immediate family (parents, siblings, children) and other very close relatives with whom one shares a strong emotional bond. You could say all '亲人' are '亲戚', but not all '亲戚' are necessarily considered '亲人' if the relationship is distant or not close.
过年期间，我们拜访了很多亲戚。(Guò nián qījiān, wǒmen bàifǎngle hěnduō qīnqi.) - During Chinese New Year, we visited many relatives. (This includes a wide range of family members.) 他一直很照顾生病的亲人。(Tā yīzhí hěn zhàogù shēngbìng de qīnrén.) - He has been taking good care of his sick close relatives. (This implies a specific, close group needing care.)
Both terms refer to people with whom one has close relationships.
'朋友' means 'friend', referring to people one chooses to associate with based on mutual liking, shared interests, or companionship. These are chosen relationships. '亲人' refers to individuals related by blood or marriage, representing inherent familial ties and obligations, often accompanied by a deeper sense of duty and unconditional affection. While close friends can feel like family, '亲人' denotes a specific category of relationship.
他把他的朋友当作亲人一样对待。(Tā bǎ tā de péngyou dàngzuò qīnrén yīyàng duìdài.) - He treats his friends like close relatives. (This highlights that friends are not biologically '亲人' but are treated with similar affection.)
Both terms refer to very close family members.
'至亲' is a more formal and emphatic term for the absolute closest relatives, often specifically referring to parents, children, or siblings, implying the deepest possible bond and intimacy. '亲人' is a more general term for close relatives and can encompass a slightly broader circle, including grandparents, aunts, and uncles, depending on the closeness of the relationship. '至亲' carries a higher degree of emotional intensity and formality.
他为了至亲，不惜牺牲一切。(Tā wèile zhìqīn, bùxī xīshēng yīqiè.) - For his closest relatives, he was willing to sacrifice everything. (Emphasizes the most important, core family members.) 我的亲人都在国外，我希望他们一切都好。(Wǒ de qīnrén dōu zài guówài, wǒ xīwàng tāmen yīqiè dōu hǎo.) - My close relatives are all abroad; I hope they are all well. (A more general statement about family members.)
Both terms relate to family connections.
'亲属' is a formal and often legal term for relatives, covering anyone connected by blood or marriage. It's commonly used in legal documents, official reports, or academic contexts. '亲人' is a more common, everyday term that emphasizes emotional closeness and intimate bonds within the family. While all '亲人' are '亲属', not all '亲属' are necessarily '亲人' if the relationship is distant or lacks emotional connection.
在继承法中，亲属的顺序非常重要。(Zài jìchéng fǎ zhōng, qīnshǔ de shùnxù fēicháng zhòngyào.) - In inheritance law, the order of relatives is very important. (Legal context.) 每年过年，我都会去看望我的亲人。(Měi nián guònián, wǒ dū huì qù kànwàng wǒ de qīnrén.) - Every year during Chinese New Year, I visit my close relatives. (Everyday context.)
文型パターン
Subject + (我的) + 亲人 + Verb.
我的亲人喜欢旅游。(Wǒ de qīnrén xǐhuān lǚyóu.) - My close relatives like to travel.
Subject + Verb + (我的) + 亲人.
我爱我的亲人。(Wǒ ài wǒ de qīnrén.) - I love my close relatives.
Subject + 和 + (我的) + 亲人 + Verb Phrase.
我经常和亲人视频聊天。(Wǒ jīngcháng hé qīnrén shìpín liáotiān.) - I often video chat with my close relatives.
Subject + 为 + (我的) + 亲人 + Verb Phrase.
他努力工作是为了亲人。(Tā nǔlì gōngzuò shì wèile qīnrén.) - He works hard for his close relatives.
亲人 + 之间 + 的 + Noun + 很 + Adjective.
亲人之间的信任很重要。(Qīnrén zhī jiān de xìnrèn hěn zhòngyào.) - Trust among close relatives is very important.
尽管 + Clause 1, + Subject + 还是 + Verb Phrase (related to 亲人).
尽管工作很忙，他还是会去看望亲人。(Jǐnguǎn gōngzuò hěn máng, tā háishì huì qù kànwàng qīnrén.) - Although his work is very busy, he still visits his close relatives.
Subject + 觉得 + (自己) + 亏欠 + (我的) + 亲人.
她觉得自己亏欠了远方的亲人。(Tā juédé zìjǐ kuīqiànle yuǎnfāng de qīnrén.) - She felt she owed her distant close relatives.
Subject + 以 + (我的) + 亲人的 + Noun + 为 + 最高考量.
在做决定时，他总是以亲人的幸福为最高考量。(Zài zuò juédìng shí, tā zǒng shì yǐ qīnrén de xìngfú wéi zuìgāo kǎoliàng.) - When making decisions, he always makes the happiness of his close relatives his highest consideration.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High frequency, especially in contexts related to family and personal relationships.
-
Using '亲人' for friends.
→
Use '朋友' (péngyou) for friends.
'亲人' specifically refers to blood relatives or those bound by strong familial ties. Friends are chosen relationships, not familial ones, so using '亲人' for friends is inaccurate and can sound overly intimate or misplaced.
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Confusing '亲人' with '亲戚'.
→
Use '亲人' for immediate and close relatives; use '亲戚' for all relatives (including extended family).
'亲人' denotes the inner circle of family with whom you share deep emotional bonds. '亲戚' is a broader term encompassing all relatives, even distant ones. While your parents are '亲人', your distant cousin might be '亲戚' but not necessarily '亲人' if you're not close.
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Omitting '的' (de) when referring to someone else's relatives.
→
Use '他的亲人' (tā de qīnrén) or '她的亲人' (tā de qīnrén).
While possessives can sometimes be dropped in very informal speech, for clarity and grammatical correctness, especially when referring to someone else's relatives, it's standard to include the possessive particle '的'. For example, '他亲人' is less common and potentially ambiguous compared to '他的亲人'.
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Pronouncing the tones incorrectly.
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Pronounce '亲' (qīn) with a first tone (high, level) and '人' (rén) with a second tone (rising).
Incorrect tones can change the meaning of words or make them difficult to understand. '亲' (qīn) is typically first tone, and '人' (rén) is typically second tone. Practicing these tones is crucial for clear communication.
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Using '亲人' for very distant relatives with whom there's no contact.
→
Use '亲戚' (qīnqi) or a more specific term if needed.
'亲人' implies a level of closeness and emotional connection. Applying it to distant relatives with whom you have no relationship can be an overstatement. '亲戚' is a safer and more accurate term for a broader range of relatives.
ヒント
Mastering the Tones
The word '亲人' has two tones: the first tone for '亲' (qīn) and the second tone for '人' (rén). Practice saying 'qīn' with a high, level tone and 'rén' with a rising tone. Mispronouncing tones can lead to misunderstanding, so focus on getting them right.
Possessives and Plurals
To say 'my close relatives', use '我的亲人' (wǒ de qīnrén). Chinese nouns don't have strict plural forms; context or quantifiers (like numbers) indicate plurality. So, '亲人' can mean one or many close relatives depending on the sentence.
Visual Association
Picture a warm, loving family portrait. The people in it are your '亲人'. Associate the word with feelings of warmth, security, and deep connection that these individuals provide.
Cultural Significance
In China, family is extremely important. '亲人' represents this core value. Understanding this cultural context will help you grasp the emotional weight and significance of the word.
Common Verb Collocations
Practice using '亲人' with common verbs like '想念' (miss), '爱' (love), '照顾' (take care of), and '团聚' (reunite). For example, '我非常想念我的亲人' (I miss my close relatives very much).
Sentence Building
Try creating your own sentences using '亲人'. Describe who your '亲人' are, what you do with them, or how you feel about them. This active practice solidifies your understanding.
Distinguishing from Similar Terms
Learn the nuances between '亲人' (close relatives), '家人' (family members/household), and '亲戚' (all relatives). Understanding these differences will help you use the terms accurately.
Active Listening
When watching Chinese dramas or listening to podcasts, pay attention to how '亲人' is used. Notice the context, the emotions conveyed, and the surrounding vocabulary.
Role-Playing
Imagine you are talking to a friend about your family. Practice describing your '亲人' and your relationship with them. This will make you more comfortable using the word in real conversations.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of '亲' (qīn) sounding like 'chin', and imagine your closest family members (亲人) always being there to support your chin when you're sad, or giving you a chin-up. The '人' (rén) just means 'person'. So, 'chin person' implies someone who is intimately connected and supportive, like your close relatives.
視覚的連想
Picture a cozy family portrait. The people in the portrait are smiling warmly, holding hands, and looking at each other with deep affection. This image represents '亲人' – the people you are closest to and love dearly.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use '亲人' in at least three different sentences today, describing different aspects of your relationship with your family, like missing them, loving them, or spending time with them. For example, 'I miss my 亲人', 'My 亲人 are my strength', 'I will visit my 亲人 next week.'
語源
The character '亲' (qīn) has evolved over time. In ancient Chinese, it depicted a person (人) holding a child (子), symbolizing closeness and affection. The character '人' (rén) simply means 'person'. Together, '亲人' literally means 'close person' or 'related person'.
元の意味： The character '亲' originally conveyed the meaning of closeness, affection, and intimacy, often in the context of family. The addition of '人' specifies that it refers to people who possess these qualities of closeness and relation.
Sino-Tibetan文化的な背景
When discussing '亲人', be mindful that family structures and relationships can be complex and sensitive. While the term generally implies positive bonds, individual experiences may vary. Avoid making assumptions about the closeness or nature of relationships within someone's '亲人' group.
In English-speaking cultures, while family is important, the emphasis can sometimes lean more towards individualism and chosen relationships (like close friends). The term 'close relatives' or 'family members' serves a similar purpose to '亲人', but the cultural weight and expectation of duty might differ.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Talking about family members and their whereabouts.
- 我的亲人在哪里？
- 我的亲人都在国外。
- 我想念我的亲人。
Expressing emotions related to family.
- 我爱我的亲人。
- 亲人之间的感情很深。
- 感谢亲人的支持。
Discussing family gatherings and events.
- 春节是亲人团聚的日子。
- 和亲人一起过生日。
- 邀请亲人来家里做客。
Describing actions taken for family.
- 我为亲人努力工作。
- 请照顾好你的亲人。
- 把最好的留给亲人。
Reflecting on the importance of family.
- 亲人是我最宝贵的财富。
- 没有亲人，生活会很孤独。
- 珍惜与亲人在一起的时光。
会話のきっかけ
"Who are the most important people in your life?"
"Do you often get to see your close relatives?"
"What's your favorite memory with your family?"
"How do you stay in touch with your family when you're far away?"
"What does 'family' mean to you?"
日記のテーマ
Write about a time when your close relatives supported you through a difficult situation. How did their help make you feel?
Describe your ideal family gathering. Who would be there, and what would you do?
Reflect on the differences and similarities between your close relatives. What makes each of them unique?
Imagine you could give one piece of advice to your younger self about cherishing time with your close relatives. What would it be?
Write a letter to one of your close relatives expressing your gratitude for their presence in your life.
よくある質問
10 問'亲人' (qīnrén) specifically refers to close relatives by blood or marriage, emphasizing deep kinship and emotional bonds like parents, siblings, and children. '家人' (jiārén) is a more general term for family members and can include anyone living in the same household or considered part of the immediate family unit, sometimes even close friends who live together. While your parents and siblings are both '亲人' and '家人', a roommate might be considered '家人' but not necessarily '亲人'.
Generally, '亲人' primarily refers to immediate family (parents, siblings, children). However, it can extend to include close cousins, aunts, and uncles if the emotional bond and familial closeness are strong. The definition is somewhat flexible and depends on the individual's perception of their relationships. If the relationship is distant, '亲戚' (qīnqi - relatives) might be a more appropriate term.
'亲人' is a versatile word used in both informal and neutral contexts. In everyday conversations about family, it's very common. It can also be used in more formal settings when discussing family values or important relationships, though more specific or formal terms like '至亲' (zhìqīn - closest relatives) might be used for emphasis.
The most common and direct way to say 'my close relatives' is '我的亲人' (wǒ de qīnrén). The possessive particle '的' (de) is used here to show that the relatives belong to 'me'.
Common verbs used with '亲人' include '爱' (ài - to love), '想念' (xiǎngniàn - to miss), '照顾' (zhàogù - to take care of), '团聚' (tuánjù - to reunite), '关心' (guānxīn - to care about), and '支持' (zhīchí - to support).
While in-laws are family, the term '亲人' tends to lean more towards blood relatives or those with whom there is a very deep emotional connection established over time. It's not automatically assumed to include all in-laws. If you want to be specific, you might say '我丈夫的亲人' (my husband's close relatives) or use more specific terms for in-laws if the context requires clarity.
Chinese nouns typically do not have grammatical plural forms. The word '亲人' itself can refer to one or more close relatives. If you want to specify plurality, you would use quantifiers like '我的亲人们' (my close relatives, implying multiple) or mention a number, e.g., '我的三个亲人' (my three close relatives).
In Chinese culture, family ties are highly valued. '亲人' represents the core of this value system, embodying concepts like filial piety, mutual support, and a strong sense of belonging. The well-being and harmony of '亲人' are often prioritized.
Yes, several idioms highlight the strong bonds associated with '亲人', such as '血浓于水' (xuè nóng yú shuǐ - blood is thicker than water), '骨肉相连' (gǔròu xiānglián - bone and flesh are connected), and '手足情深' (shǒuzú qíng shēn - deep affection between siblings).
The best way is to use it in sentences describing your own family, or in hypothetical situations. Try to create sentences using verbs like 'miss', 'love', 'take care of', and 'visit' with '亲人'. Also, listening to native speakers in dramas or conversations can help you pick up natural usage.
自分をテスト 10 問
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Summary
'亲人' (qīnrén) signifies your closest family members, people bound by strong kinship and emotional ties, such as parents, siblings, and children. It's a term used to express love, care, and the importance of these individuals in your life.
- Close relatives; family members.
- Includes parents, siblings, children, and other close family.
- Emphasizes strong emotional and kinship bonds.
- Used in daily conversations about family.
Mastering the Tones
The word '亲人' has two tones: the first tone for '亲' (qīn) and the second tone for '人' (rén). Practice saying 'qīn' with a high, level tone and 'rén' with a rising tone. Mispronouncing tones can lead to misunderstanding, so focus on getting them right.
Context is Key
While '亲人' means close relatives, remember that the exact scope can vary. Think of it as your inner circle of family. For broader family connections, use '亲戚' (qīnqi).
Possessives and Plurals
To say 'my close relatives', use '我的亲人' (wǒ de qīnrén). Chinese nouns don't have strict plural forms; context or quantifiers (like numbers) indicate plurality. So, '亲人' can mean one or many close relatives depending on the sentence.
Visual Association
Picture a warm, loving family portrait. The people in it are your '亲人'. Associate the word with feelings of warmth, security, and deep connection that these individuals provide.
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
familyの関連語
百日宴
A2「百日宴」は、赤ちゃんの生後100日を祝う中国の伝統的な宴会です。
一对
A2対になっている物や、カップル（男女）を数える言葉。
迁就
B2To accommodate; to yield to.
称呼
A2呼び名、呼称。相手との関係性や社会的地位に基づいた適切な呼び方のこと。
住址
A2Address.
认错
A2To admit a mistake.
领养
A2子供やペットを養子にする（領養する）。
收养
B1子供を法的に養子にすること。
养女
A2養女（ようじょ）。血縁関係はないが、法律上の娘として育てられている女性の子ども。
养子
A2養子（ようし）。血縁関係のない親によって育てられている息子のことです。
