§ Basic Usage with Verbs
The most straightforward way to use 蔬菜 (shūcài) is as the object of verbs that mean 'eat,' 'buy,' 'like,' or 'cook.' It behaves just like 'vegetables' in English.
我喜欢吃蔬菜。(Wǒ xǐhuān chī shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- I like to eat vegetables.
我们去超市买蔬菜。(Wǒmen qù chāoshì mǎi shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- We go to the supermarket to buy vegetables.
Notice how it usually comes directly after the verb, just like in English. No special prepositions are needed here.
§ Describing Vegetables with Adjectives
You can use adjectives to describe 蔬菜 (shūcài). The adjective usually goes before 蔬菜 (shūcài), often with 的 (de) in between, but sometimes without it for common or tight-knit phrases.
新鲜的蔬菜很好吃。(Xīnxiān de shūcài hěn hǎochī.)
- Translation Hint
- Fresh vegetables are very delicious.
这种蔬菜很健康。(Zhè zhǒng shūcài hěn jiànkāng.)
- Translation Hint
- This kind of vegetable is very healthy.
When describing vegetables, 的 (de) often acts like 'of' or shows possession, but here it just links the adjective to the noun.
§ Using 蔬菜 (shūcài) with Measure Words
When you want to quantify 蔬菜 (shūcài), you'll use a measure word. The most common general measure word is 个 (gè), but if you're talking about a 'type' or 'kind' of vegetable, you'd use 种 (zhǒng).
- General Quantity (e.g., a few vegetables)
我买了一些蔬菜。(Wǒ mǎi le yī xiē shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- I bought some vegetables.
- Types of Vegetables
这里有两种蔬菜。(Zhèlǐ yǒu liǎng zhǒng shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- There are two kinds of vegetables here.
§ 蔬菜 (shūcài) in Common Phrases
You'll hear 蔬菜 (shūcài) in everyday phrases, often combined with other nouns or used in compound words to specify types of dishes or markets.
多吃蔬菜对身体好。(Duō chī shūcài duì shēntǐ hǎo.)
- Translation Hint
- Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
我想点一份炒蔬菜。(Wǒ xiǎng diǎn yī fèn chǎo shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- I want to order a stir-fried vegetable dish.
Here, 炒蔬菜 (chǎo shūcài) is a common menu item meaning 'stir-fried vegetables.' The word for 'vegetable market' is 菜市场 (cài shìchǎng), where 菜 (cài) is short for 蔬菜 (shūcài).
§ Distinguishing 蔬菜 (shūcài) from 菜 (cài)
While 蔬菜 (shūcài) specifically means 'vegetables,' you'll often hear just 菜 (cài) used in many contexts. 菜 (cài) is more versatile and can mean:
- Vegetables (singular or plural)
- Dishes/Cuisine (e.g., 中国菜 Zhōngguó cài - Chinese food)
- A specific dish (e.g., 这个菜 hěn hǎochī - This dish is very tasty)
今天晚餐有鱼和蔬菜。(Jīntiān wǎncān yǒu yú hé shūcài.)
- Translation Hint
- Tonight's dinner has fish and vegetables.
你喜欢吃什么菜？(Nǐ xǐhuān chī shénme cài?)
- Translation Hint
- What kind of food/dishes do you like to eat? (Or, What vegetables do you like to eat? - context dependent)
How Formal Is It?
"我们需要多吃新鲜的蔬菜以保持健康。(We need to eat more fresh vegetables to stay healthy.)"
"我喜欢吃各种各样的蔬菜。(I like to eat all kinds of vegetables.)"
"今天的菜真好吃！(Today's veggies are really delicious!)"
"宝宝要多吃菜菜才能快快长大哦。(Baby needs to eat more veggies to grow up fast.)"
"来点青菜，清清肠胃。(Have some greens to cleanse your stomach.)"
豆知識
The character 菜 (cài) is a very common component in many other Chinese words related to food and cuisine, such as 菜市场 (càishìchǎng, 'vegetable market') or 中国菜 (zhōngguócài, 'Chinese cuisine').
レベル別の例文
我喜欢吃新鲜的蔬菜。
I like to eat fresh vegetables.
蔬菜对身体很好。
Vegetables are good for your body.
你每天都吃蔬菜吗？
Do you eat vegetables every day?
这个超市有很多种蔬菜。
This supermarket has many kinds of vegetables.
我们今天晚上吃蔬菜沙拉。
We are having vegetable salad tonight.
多吃蔬菜可以让你更健康。
Eating more vegetables can make you healthier.
这些蔬菜是在我家的花园里种的。
These vegetables are grown in my garden.
他不喜欢吃苦的蔬菜。
He doesn't like to eat bitter vegetables.
市场上的蔬菜种类繁多，应有尽有。
The market has a wide variety of vegetables, everything you could possibly want.
她喜欢在饭前用新鲜蔬菜做一份沙拉。
She likes to make a salad with fresh vegetables before dinner.
多吃蔬菜对身体有益，可以增强免疫力。
Eating more vegetables is good for your health and can boost immunity.
这家餐厅以其有机蔬菜和健康菜肴而闻名。
This restaurant is famous for its organic vegetables and healthy dishes.
我妈妈总是坚持我们每顿饭都要有蔬菜。
My mother always insists that we have vegetables with every meal.
在冬天，新鲜蔬菜的价格通常会上涨。
In winter, the price of fresh vegetables usually goes up.
他尝试在自家后院种植一些蔬菜。
He tried planting some vegetables in his backyard.
营养学家建议每天摄入不同种类的蔬菜。
Nutritionists recommend consuming different types of vegetables every day.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
多吃蔬菜身体好。
Eating more vegetables is good for your health. (lit. More eat vegetables body good.)
我喜欢吃各种蔬菜。
I like to eat all kinds of vegetables. (lit. I like eat various vegetables.)
今天的蔬菜很新鲜。
Today's vegetables are very fresh. (lit. Today's vegetables very fresh.)
这份沙拉里有很多蔬菜。
There are many vegetables in this salad. (lit. This salad inside have many vegetables.)
请给我一盘炒蔬菜。
Please give me a plate of stir-fried vegetables. (lit. Please give me one plate stir-fried vegetables.)
他们家种了很多蔬菜。
Their family grows many vegetables. (lit. They family grow many vegetables.)
你喜欢吃什么蔬菜？
What vegetables do you like to eat? (lit. You like eat what vegetables?)
市场里有很多便宜的蔬菜。
There are many cheap vegetables in the market. (lit. Market inside have many cheap vegetables.)
我们需要买一些蔬菜。
We need to buy some vegetables. (lit. We need buy some vegetables.)
这道菜里没有蔬菜。
There are no vegetables in this dish. (lit. This dish inside not have vegetables.)
語源
Composed of two characters: 菜 (cài), meaning 'vegetable' or 'dish', and 蔬 (shū), also referring to 'vegetables', particularly leafy greens.
元の意味： The combination emphasizes the general concept of edible plants.
Sino-Tibetan文化的な背景
When ordering in a Chinese restaurant, you'll often be asked if you'd like some 蔬菜 (shūcài) with your meal, as fresh vegetables are a staple of Chinese diets. It's common for meals to include a stir-fried vegetable dish as a side or even a main course.
自分をテスト 42 問
Which of these is a vegetable?
白菜 (báicài) is a type of vegetable. The others are a fruit, another fruit, and a staple food.
What is 蔬菜 (shūcài)?
蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables in Chinese.
Which word means 'vegetables'?
蔬菜 (shūcài) is the correct word for vegetables.
西红柿 (xīhóngshì - tomato) is a 蔬菜 (shūcài).
While botanically a fruit, in culinary terms, a tomato is commonly considered a vegetable, especially in daily Chinese conversation.
我喜欢吃蔬菜 (Wǒ xǐhuān chī shūcài) means 'I like to eat fruit'.
蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables, not fruit. So, the sentence means 'I like to eat vegetables'.
你吃蔬菜吗？(Nǐ chī shūcài ma?) asks 'Do you eat vegetables?'.
你 (nǐ - you), 吃 (chī - eat), 蔬菜 (shūcài - vegetables), 吗 (ma - question particle). This sentence correctly asks 'Do you eat vegetables?'.
我喜欢吃新鲜的__。
The sentence means 'I like to eat fresh vegetables.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
多吃__对身体好。
The sentence means 'Eating more vegetables is good for your health.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
我的午餐有鱼和__。
The sentence means 'My lunch has fish and vegetables.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
这道菜里有很多__。
The sentence means 'There are a lot of vegetables in this dish.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
他不喜欢吃绿色的__。
The sentence means 'He doesn't like to eat green vegetables.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
市场里有很多新鲜的__可以买。
The sentence means 'There are many fresh vegetables to buy in the market.' 蔬菜 (shūcài) means vegetables.
What do I like to eat?
Where are there many fresh vegetables?
What am I asking for and how much?
Read this aloud:
你喜欢吃什么蔬菜？
Focus: shū cài
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
多吃蔬菜对身体好。
Focus: duō chī shū cài
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
这种蔬菜叫什么？
Focus: zhè zhǒng shū cài
あなたの回答：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence means 'I like to eat vegetables.' The standard word order in Chinese is Subject + Verb + Object.
This means 'Did you buy vegetables today?' '今天' (today) comes after the subject and before the verb. '了吗' at the end forms a yes/no question.
This sentence means 'Eating more vegetables is good for your health.' '多吃' (eat more) acts as the subject, and '对身体好' (good for health) is the predicate.
This sentence means 'Fresh vegetables are a healthy choice.' The correct order is adjective + noun + verb + adjective + structural particle + noun.
This sentence means 'Eating vegetables every day is beneficial for health.' The structure is adverb + verb + noun + verb + noun.
This sentence means 'I want to buy some green vegetables.' The order is subject + auxiliary verb + verb + measure word + adjective + noun.
You are hosting a dinner party and want to ensure you have a variety of vegetables. Write a text message to your friend asking for their favorite vegetable dishes and suggestions for new ones to try. Explain briefly why you want their input.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
嘿，下周我要办个晚宴，想多准备些好吃的蔬菜。你最喜欢什么蔬菜菜肴？有没有什么新奇的蔬菜做法可以推荐给我试试？
Describe a typical Chinese vegetable market. What kind of vegetables would you expect to see? How would you describe the atmosphere? (around 100 characters)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
中国菜市场通常很热闹，摆满了各种新鲜蔬菜，比如白菜、菠菜、茄子等。空气中弥漫着泥土和蔬菜的清香，商贩的叫卖声此起彼伏，充满生活气息。
Imagine you are explaining to a child why eating vegetables is important for their health. Write a short, simple explanation using clear language.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
小朋友，多吃蔬菜能让你的身体更健康，帮你快快长大，变得很强壮。蔬菜里有好多好东西，就像小超人的能量，保护你不生病。
根据文章，为什么很多人难以达到每天摄入蔬菜的标准？
Read this passage:
近日，一项关于健康饮食的调查显示，越来越多的人开始关注蔬菜的摄入量。专家建议，为了维持身体健康，成年人每天应摄入至少五份不同种类的蔬菜。然而，不少人表示难以达到这一标准，尤其是在快节奏的生活中。因此，如何将蔬菜更好地融入日常饮食，成为了当下热门的讨论话题。
根据文章，为什么很多人难以达到每天摄入蔬菜的标准？
文章中明确提到“不少人表示难以达到这一标准，尤其是在快节奏的生活中”，表明快节奏的生活方式是主要原因。
文章中明确提到“不少人表示难以达到这一标准，尤其是在快节奏的生活中”，表明快节奏的生活方式是主要原因。
根据文章，烹饪绿色蔬菜时应该注意什么？
Read this passage:
绿色蔬菜富含维生素和矿物质，对人体健康至关重要。例如，菠菜含有丰富的铁元素，有助于补血；西兰花则富含维生素C和膳食纤维，能增强免疫力，促进消化。营养师建议，在烹饪绿色蔬菜时，应尽量减少油炸和长时间煮炖，以保留其营养成分。
根据文章，烹饪绿色蔬菜时应该注意什么？
文章最后一句“营养师建议，在烹饪绿色蔬菜时，应尽量减少油炸和长时间煮炖，以保留其营养成分”直接给出了答案。
文章最后一句“营养师建议，在烹饪绿色蔬菜时，应尽量减少油炸和长时间煮炖，以保留其营养成分”直接给出了答案。
这篇文章主要描述了什么场景？
Read this passage:
在农产品批发市场，各种新鲜蔬菜琳琅满目，从常见的白菜、土豆到特色十足的紫甘蓝、抱子甘蓝，应有尽有。商贩们早早地就开始了一天的忙碌，挑选、分拣、装车，为城市居民提供着最新鲜的食材。蔬菜的品质和价格是他们关注的重点，也是消费者选择的重要依据。
这篇文章主要描述了什么场景？
文章开头即点明“在农产品批发市场”，并详细描述了商贩们在市场中的活动以及蔬菜的流通情况。
文章开头即点明“在农产品批发市场”，并详细描述了商贩们在市场中的活动以及蔬菜的流通情况。
这位农夫毕生致力于培育无公害的___，以保障市民的餐桌安全。
根据语境，农夫致力于保障餐桌安全，应培育无公害的 '蔬菜' (vegetables)。
为了达到均衡营养，营养师建议我们在日常饮食中摄入足够的新鲜___。
为了均衡营养，营养师通常建议摄入 '蔬菜' (vegetables)。
超市里，有机___的区域总是吸引着追求健康生活的消费者。
追求健康生活的消费者通常更关注有机 '蔬菜' (vegetables)。
这次国际食品博览会展示了来自世界各地的特色___，令人大开眼界。
食品博览会通常展示与食物相关的产品， '蔬菜' (vegetables) 是一种食品。
研究表明，富含膳食纤维的___有助于改善消化系统健康。
富含膳食纤维的通常是 '蔬菜' (vegetables)。
在提倡低碳环保的生活方式中，减少肉类摄入，增加___的消费是一个重要的方面。
在低碳环保的生活方式中，通常会增加 '蔬菜' (vegetables) 的消费。
/ 42 correct
Perfect score!
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
関連フレーズ
foodの関連語
一两
B1Fifty grams; a Chinese unit of weight (approx. 50g).
一斤
B1Half a kilogram; a Chinese unit of weight (approx. 500g).
一袋
B1A bag of.
少一点儿
A2A bit less.
多一点儿
A2A bit more.
一口
B1A mouthful; a bite; a small amount (of food or drink).
一瓶
B1A bottle of.
一碗
B1Measure word for a bowl of food.
一盒
B1A box of.
一杯
B1Measure word for a cup of liquid.
