basura
Waste material or rubbish that is thrown away.
Basura is the universal term for trash or waste, used both literally for garbage and figuratively for poor quality items.
30초 단어
- Refers to unwanted waste material or rubbish.
- Commonly used for household trash or garbage.
- Can metaphorically describe something of poor quality.
Summary
Basura is the universal term for trash or waste, used both literally for garbage and figuratively for poor quality items.
- Refers to unwanted waste material or rubbish.
- Commonly used for household trash or garbage.
- Can metaphorically describe something of poor quality.
Use with common verbs
Always pair 'basura' with verbs like 'sacar' (take out) or 'tirar' (throw away) to sound natural. These are the most frequent collocations in daily life.
Avoid using for people
Never use 'basura' to describe a person, as it is a highly offensive insult. It implies that the person has zero value.
Regional variations for trash
In some Latin American countries, you might hear 'basura' used, but also 'desechos' or 'residuos'. In some places, 'botar' is the preferred verb instead of 'tirar'.
예시
4 / 4Tienes que sacar la basura esta noche.
You have to take out the trash tonight.
La empresa gestiona los residuos y la basura de manera eficiente.
The company manages waste and trash efficiently.
¡No seas tan basura con tus amigos!
Don't be such a jerk to your friends!
El problema de la basura en las ciudades es un tema de salud pública.
The trash problem in cities is a public health issue.
어휘 가족
암기 팁
Think of the sound 'bas-ura'. It sounds like 'base' of 'uras' (junk). Imagine taking a base full of junk to the curb.
Panorama general
La palabra 'basura' es uno de los términos más fundamentales en el vocabulario cotidiano español. Representa todo aquello que consideramos desechable, desde restos de comida hasta envases plásticos o papel. Es un sustantivo femenino que se utiliza habitualmente en singular para referirse al concepto general de residuos.
Patrones de uso
Es un término muy versátil. Se puede usar de forma literal para hablar de objetos físicos (ej. 'sacar la basura'), o de forma figurada para describir algo de muy mala calidad o una situación desagradable. Es muy común encontrarla en frases que implican una acción, como 'tirar', 'recoger' o 'sacar' la basura.
Contextos comunes
En el hogar, es la palabra estándar para referirse a los residuos domésticos. En contextos urbanos, es común ver carteles que dicen 'No tirar basura'. También se utiliza en entornos informales para menospreciar algo: 'Esta película es una basura', indicando que el contenido es pésimo o carece de valor.
Comparación con palabras similares
A diferencia de 'residuos' o 'desechos', que pueden tener una connotación más técnica, industrial o ecológica, 'basura' es un término genérico y coloquial. 'Escombro' se reserva específicamente para materiales de construcción, mientras que 'desperdicio' a menudo se asocia con el mal aprovechamiento de recursos, como la comida.
사용 참고사항
Basura is a versatile noun used in both formal and informal registers. In formal contexts, it refers to waste management, while in informal contexts, it serves as a strong negative adjective or noun. Always ensure the gender (la) is correct when using articles.
자주 하는 실수
Students often use the masculine article 'el' instead of 'la'. Another error is using 'basura' to describe construction debris instead of 'escombros'. Finally, avoid using it to describe people as it is highly offensive.
암기 팁
Think of the sound 'bas-ura'. It sounds like 'base' of 'uras' (junk). Imagine taking a base full of junk to the curb.
어원
The word comes from the Latin 'versura', which originally referred to the sweeping of dust or dirt. Over time, it evolved to represent all unwanted materials collected during cleaning.
문화적 맥락
In many Spanish-speaking countries, the schedule for 'sacar la basura' is strictly regulated by the city. It is a common household chore that is often delegated to children or shared among family members.
예시
Tienes que sacar la basura esta noche.
everydayYou have to take out the trash tonight.
La empresa gestiona los residuos y la basura de manera eficiente.
formalThe company manages waste and trash efficiently.
¡No seas tan basura con tus amigos!
informalDon't be such a jerk to your friends!
El problema de la basura en las ciudades es un tema de salud pública.
academicThe trash problem in cities is a public health issue.
어휘 가족
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
sacar la basura
to take out the trash
basura espacial
space debris
echar la basura
to throw away the trash
자주 혼동되는 단어
Refers more to industrial or medical waste. It is a more formal and technical term than basura.
Refers specifically to debris from construction or demolition. It is not used for household food waste.
문법 패턴
Use with common verbs
Always pair 'basura' with verbs like 'sacar' (take out) or 'tirar' (throw away) to sound natural. These are the most frequent collocations in daily life.
Avoid using for people
Never use 'basura' to describe a person, as it is a highly offensive insult. It implies that the person has zero value.
Regional variations for trash
In some Latin American countries, you might hear 'basura' used, but also 'desechos' or 'residuos'. In some places, 'botar' is the preferred verb instead of 'tirar'.
셀프 테스트
Completa la frase con la palabra correcta.
Por favor, no olvides ___ la basura antes de irte.
La expresión correcta para llevar la basura al contenedor es 'sacar la basura'.
Elige el significado figurado de 'basura'.
¿Qué significa cuando alguien dice 'Esta comida es una basura'?
En sentido figurado, 'basura' se usa para indicar que algo es pésimo.
Ordena la frase correctamente.
la / hay / mucha / cocina / basura / en
La estructura natural en español coloca el lugar al principio o al final, seguido del verbo haber.
점수: /3
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문Es un sustantivo femenino. Por lo tanto, siempre debe ir acompañado de artículos o adjetivos en femenino, como 'la basura' o 'mucha basura'.
Aunque se entiende, es más preciso usar la palabra 'escombros'. 'Basura' se asocia más con residuos domésticos o basura orgánica e inorgánica común.
La expresión 'sacar la basura' es la más común. En algunos países, también puedes escuchar 'tirar la basura' o 'botar la basura'.
Depende del contexto. Si la usas para describir un objeto, es aceptable, pero si la usas para referirte a una persona, es un insulto grave y muy ofensivo.
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