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B1 verb 9분 분량

expectorar

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 expectorar 30초 만에

설명 expectorar in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word expectorar very often. It is a more advanced medical term. However, it is good to recognize it if you see it on a bottle of cough syrup (jarabe para la tos). At this stage, you would usually just say 'tengo tos' (I have a cough) or 'estoy enfermo' (I am sick). You might learn the word 'escupir' (to spit) first, but remember that 'expectorar' is the polite, medical way to talk about clearing your lungs. If you are in a Spanish-speaking country and feel sick, you might hear a doctor use this word. Just remember it means 'to cough up' something from your chest. It is a regular verb, so it follows the same rules as 'hablar'. You can say 'yo expectoro' (I expectorate), but it's much more common to hear it in the infinitive form 'expectorar'. For an A1 student, focus on the connection between 'pecho' (chest) and 'expectorar'. It's about moving things out of your chest. You won't be expected to produce this word in a basic conversation, but knowing it will help you understand medicine labels and basic health advice. Always use a tissue when you need to expectorate!

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more specific vocabulary for daily life, including health. You should be able to understand expectorar when a pharmacist or doctor uses it. You might use it yourself if you want to be very clear about your symptoms. Instead of just saying 'tengo tos', you could say 'necesito expectorar' if you feel like your chest is congested. This shows a higher level of precision. You should also recognize the noun 'expectorante', which is a type of medicine. At A2, you can start to form simple sentences like 'El médico dice que debo expectorar'. You are also learning to differentiate between different types of bodily actions. While 'toser' is a general action, 'expectorar' is a result-oriented action. You are doing it to get the 'flema' (phlegm) out. Practice saying the word slowly: ex-pec-to-rar. Remember that in many places, the 'x' sounds like an 's'. Understanding this word helps you follow instructions in a medical environment, which is a key skill for the A2 level. You might also see it in health-related posters or pamphlets in a clinic. It's a useful word for your 'health toolkit'.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex situations, such as explaining a medical condition in detail. expectorar is a perfect word for this level. It allows you to describe your health symptoms with the accuracy required for a proper diagnosis. You should be able to use it in various tenses. For example, 'Anoche no pude expectorar bien' (Last night I couldn't expectorate well) or 'Si tomo este jarabe, ¿podré expectorar mejor?' (If I take this syrup, will I be able to expectorate better?). You are also expected to understand the difference between formal and informal registers. While you might use 'echar mocos' with a close friend, you would use 'expectorar' with a professional. At B1, you should also be aware of the noun 'expectoración', which refers to the act or the material expelled. This level is about moving beyond basic survival Spanish into more nuanced communication. Being able to use 'expectorar' correctly shows that you have a good grasp of formal vocabulary. You might also encounter it in reading materials about health and lifestyle. It's a common word in the context of 'dejar de fumar' (quitting smoking), where the body begins to clear itself out. Practice using it in role-play scenarios involving a visit to the doctor.

At the B2 level, your vocabulary should be broad enough to include technical terms like expectorar without hesitation. You should understand its nuances and be able to use it in professional or academic discussions about health. At this level, you might also encounter the word in more abstract or literary contexts, although its primary use remains medical. You should be comfortable using it in complex sentence structures, such as 'Es imperativo que el paciente logre expectorar para facilitar la oxigenación de los pulmones'. You should also be familiar with related terms like 'mucolítico', 'bronquial', and 'inflamación'. At B2, you are expected to understand the subtle differences between 'expectorar', 'arrojar', and 'escupir'. You might read articles about the respiratory system where 'expectorar' is used to describe the mucociliary clearance mechanism. Your ability to use such specific verbs correctly is a hallmark of the B2 level. You should also be able to discuss the side effects of medications using this term, such as 'Este fármaco puede aumentar la necesidad de expectorar durante las primeras horas'. This level requires a high degree of precision, and 'expectorar' provides exactly that for the topic of respiratory health.

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At the C1 level, you should have a near-native command of the language, including specialized vocabulary like expectorar. You should be able to use it fluently in professional medical contexts, scientific writing, or formal debates about public health. You will recognize it in complex medical texts where it might be used to describe the efficacy of a new treatment for chronic bronchitis or cystic fibrosis. At this level, you should also appreciate the etymological roots of the word (from the Latin expectorare) and how it relates to other 'pectoral' words. You might even use it metaphorically in sophisticated writing to describe the act of purging or expressing deeply held thoughts, though this is a stylistic choice. Your understanding of the word should include its various forms and derivations, such as 'expectorante' and 'expectoración', and you should be able to use them with perfect grammatical accuracy. You should also be aware of regional variations in how medical terms are used and be able to adapt your speech accordingly. A C1 learner can explain the process of expectoration in detail, discussing the role of cilia and mucus viscosity. This level of mastery allows you to function perfectly in any health-related environment in a Spanish-speaking country.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of expectorar is complete. You understand not only its literal medical meaning but also its historical development and its place within the broader spectrum of Spanish verbs. You can use it in highly specialized medical discourse, perhaps as a healthcare professional yourself, or in academic research. You are sensitive to the stylistic implications of using such a clinical word in different contexts. In a literary analysis, you might discuss how an author uses the verb 'expectorar' to create a visceral, perhaps repulsive, atmosphere. You can navigate the most complex medical journals where the word appears in discussions of pulmonary pathology. Your command of the language allows you to use 'expectorar' and its synonyms with absolute precision, choosing the exact word that fits the intended tone and technical requirement. You are also aware of how the word might be perceived by different audiences—as a necessary technical term by doctors or as a somewhat graphic description by laypeople. At this level, the word is just one of many tools in your vast linguistic repertoire, used with the ease and accuracy of a native speaker with a high level of education.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

expectorar 30초 만에

Expectorar is a formal Spanish verb meaning to cough up or expel mucus from the lungs or throat, primarily used in medical and clinical settings.
It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate, but its usage is specialized for respiratory health and pharmaceutical contexts.
Unlike the general 'toser' (to cough), expectorar implies a productive action that results in the removal of phlegm (flema) from the body.
It is commonly found on cough medicine labels as 'expectorante' and is the standard term used by doctors to discuss chest congestion.

The Spanish verb expectorar is a term that primarily resides in the medical and formal domains, though it is essential for any intermediate learner to understand, especially when discussing health and wellness. At its core, it means to cough up or spit out phlegm or mucus from the respiratory tract. While the everyday person might simply use the verb toser (to cough), expectorar is much more specific. It refers to a 'productive' cough—one that actually succeeds in clearing the chest or throat of obstructive fluids. In a clinical setting, a doctor might ask a patient if they are able to expectorate easily, as this helps determine the nature of a respiratory infection. The word carries a sense of physiological necessity rather than just a reflexive action. It is the process of moving material from the lower respiratory system (the lungs and bronchi) up through the trachea and out of the mouth. This distinction is vital in Spanish because toser can be dry (tos seca), whereas expectorar implies the presence of flemas (phlegm). Beyond the literal medical sense, you might occasionally encounter it in highly formal or literary contexts where a speaker 'expectorates' words or feelings, implying they are purging something heavy or unpleasant from their 'chest' or soul, though this is rare and should be used with caution to avoid sounding overly clinical or unintentionally gross. Understanding this word allows you to navigate pharmacy interactions in Spanish-speaking countries more effectively, as you will see it on labels for expectorantes (expectorants), which are medicines designed to help you clear your lungs.

Clinical Context: Used by healthcare professionals to describe the clearance of the airway.
Productive Action: Unlike a dry cough, this always involves the expulsion of mucus.

Es fundamental que el paciente logre expectorar para evitar una neumonía.

El jarabe ayuda a expectorar la mucosidad acumulada.

No podía dejar de expectorar después de la cirugía.

El médico me pidió que intentara expectorar en este frasco.

Debes expectorar para limpiar tus pulmones.

Register: Formal and Medical. Not usually used in casual street slang.

Using expectorar correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive or intransitive verb depending on whether you are specifying what is being expelled. In its most common form, it is used without a direct object to describe the general action of clearing the throat or lungs. For example, 'El paciente tiene dificultad para expectorar' (The patient has difficulty expectorating). However, it can also take an object, such as 'mucosidad' or 'flema': 'Logró expectorar una gran cantidad de flema' (He managed to expectorate a large amount of phlegm). Because it is a regular -ar verb, its conjugation is straightforward, following the patterns of hablar or cantar. In the present tense, you have expectoro, expectoras, expectora, etc. In the medical world, instructions are often given in the imperative: 'Expectoré aquí, por favor' (Expectorate here, please). It is also frequently paired with modal verbs like poder (to be able to) or necesitar (to need to). When discussing treatments, you will often find it in the infinitive following verbs of purpose: 'Este medicamento sirve para expectorar' (This medicine serves to help expectorate). It's important to differentiate it from escupir (to spit). Escupir is the action of ejecting saliva from the mouth, often associated with social rudeness or sports. Expectorar is the action of bringing something up from deep within the respiratory system. If you are at a pharmacy, you might say, 'Busco algo que me ayude a expectorar,' which sounds much more polite and precise than saying you want to spit. In written medical reports, you will see the noun form expectoración, referring to the material itself or the act.

Transitive Use: Expectorar mucosidad (To expectorate mucus).
Intransitive Use: Tengo que expectorar (I need to expectorate).

Después de tomar el jarabe, empecé a expectorar más fácilmente.

Si no puedes expectorar, la infección podría empeorar.

El fumador solía expectorar cada mañana.

Es vital expectorar los fluidos retenidos en los bronquios.

¿Ha tenido sangre al expectorar?

You are most likely to encounter expectorar in professional or semi-professional health environments. If you go to a centro de salud (health center) in Spain or Latin America with a chest cold, the nurse or doctor will almost certainly use this term. It's the standard word used in patient intake forms and medical charts. You will also hear it in television commercials for cold and flu medicine. Advertisements for brands like Bisolvon or Vick often mention how their products help the body expectorar effectively. In pharmacies, pharmacists use it to explain how a specific jarabe (syrup) works. For instance, 'Este jarabe es un mucolítico que ayuda a expectorar.' You might also hear it in news reports concerning public health, particularly during flu season or outbreaks of respiratory illnesses. Scientists and researchers discussing lung health or the effects of pollution will use expectorar to describe the lungs' natural cleaning mechanism. It is less common in a casual dinner conversation unless the topic specifically turns to illness, where someone might use it to be more precise about their symptoms. In educational settings, specifically biology or health classes, students learn about the respiratory system and the importance of expectorar to maintain clear airways. It's a word that signals a certain level of education or professional specialized knowledge when used in daily life.

Pharmacy: Commonly seen on medicine packaging and heard in consultations.
News/Media: Used during health alerts or medical segments on TV.

El anuncio decía que el jarabe ayuda a expectorar en 24 horas.

En la consulta, el doctor me preguntó si podía expectorar sin dolor.

Leí en el prospecto que el medicamento facilita el expectorar.

Es común expectorar moco después de dejar de fumar.

La enfermera le enseñó técnicas para expectorar mejor.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using expectorar is confusing it with escupir (to spit). While both involve something leaving the mouth, escupir is often a social action or a simple ejection of saliva, whereas expectorar is a physiological, internal-to-external process involving the lungs. Using escupir in a medical context can sound a bit crude or imprecise. Another common error is pronunciation, specifically with the 'x'. In Spanish, the 'x' in expectorar is typically pronounced like an 's' when followed by a consonant (es-pec-to-rar), though in some formal or emphatic speech, you might hear the 'ks' sound. Students often over-pronounce the 'x', making it sound unnatural. Grammatically, learners sometimes forget that it is a transitive verb and fail to include the object when it's necessary for clarity. For example, saying 'Él expectoró' is fine if the context is clear, but 'Él expectoró la flema' is more descriptive. Additionally, some learners confuse it with expulsar. While expulsar means to expel in a general sense (like being expelled from school or expelling gas), expectorar is strictly respiratory. Finally, avoid using it in casual social settings where it might be considered 'too much information' (TMI). If you are at a dinner party and need to clear your throat, simply say 'perdón' or 'tengo un poco de tos' rather than using the clinical expectorar, which might make people think of the actual mucus, making them uncomfortable.

Confusing with 'Escupir': Escupir is for saliva; expectorar is for phlegm from the lungs.
Over-pronouncing the 'X': In most dialects, it sounds like 'espec-to-rar'.

Incorrecto: El jugador expectoró al suelo. (Usa 'escupió' aquí).

Correcto: El paciente necesita expectorar para respirar mejor.

Evita usarlo en contextos informales: '¡Mira cuánto expectoré!'

There are several words related to expectorar that you should know to build a complete vocabulary around respiratory health. The most common is toser (to cough), which is the general action. If you are coughing but not bringing anything up, you have a tos seca (dry cough). If you are bringing something up, you are expectorando. Another related word is escupir (to spit), which refers to the act of ejecting anything from the mouth. Arrancar is a more colloquial way to say you are 'pulling up' phlegm; you might hear someone say 'No puedo arrancar la flema'. Desembuchar is a more colorful, sometimes metaphorical verb meaning to 'spit it out' or 'unburden oneself', often used for secrets rather than mucus. Secretar (to secrete) is a biological term for producing fluids, which might precede the act of expectorating. Arrojar (to throw/hurl) can also be used formally to mean expelling something from the body, such as 'arrojar sangre' (to cough up blood). Finally, evacuar (to evacuate) is used in very technical medical contexts for clearing out any bodily substance. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right word for the right situation, whether you are talking to a doctor, a pharmacist, or a friend.

Expectorar vs. Toser: Expectorar is productive; toser is just the act of coughing.
Expectorar vs. Escupir: Expectorar comes from the lungs; escupir comes from the mouth.

El paciente no solo tose, sino que también logra expectorar.

A veces es necesario expectorar para realizar un análisis de laboratorio.

Es preferible expectorar en un pañuelo desechable.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In ancient times, 'expectorare' was also used to mean 'to unburden the mind', which is why we sometimes see it used metaphorically for sharing secrets or feelings today.

발음 가이드

UK /ɛk.spɛk.to.ˈɾaɾ/

US /ek.spek.to.ˈɾaɾ/

The stress is on the last syllable 'rar' because it is an infinitive ending in 'r'.

라임이 맞는 단어

cantar hablar mirar llegar tomar llorar curar sanar

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'x' too harshly like 'ks' instead of a softer 's' sound.
Putting the stress on the wrong syllable (e.g., ex-PEC-to-rar).
Not tapping the 'r' correctly at the end.
Confusing the 'o' sound with an English 'uh' sound.
Adding an extra vowel sound before the 's' sound.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know the English cognate.

쓰기 4/5

Requires remembering the 'x' and regular -ar endings.

말하기 5/5

The 'x' can be tricky for some learners depending on the dialect.

듣기 4/5

Can be confused with 'escupir' if heard quickly.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

toser pecho enfermo ayudar sacar

다음에 배울 것

mucolítico bronquitis auscultar diagnóstico síntoma

고급

hemoptisis esputo parénquima alveolo traqueotomía

알아야 할 문법

Regular -ar verb conjugation

Yo expectoro, tú expectoras, él expectora.

Infinitive after prepositions

Para expectorar, bebe agua.

Subjunctive for wishes or hopes

Espero que logres expectorar.

Object pronouns with infinitives

Necesito expectorarlo (referring to the mucus).

Impersonal 'se' for general statements

Se debe expectorar en un pañuelo.

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수준별 예문

Tengo que expectorar un poco.

I have to expectorate a little.

Simple present infinitive after 'tener que'.

¿Puedes expectorar?

Can you expectorate?

Question using 'poder' + infinitive.

Él no puede expectorar.

He cannot expectorate.

Negative sentence with 'poder'.

Necesito expectorar la flema.

I need to expectorate the phlegm.

Transitive use with a direct object.

Quiero expectorar ahora.

I want to expectorate now.

Verb 'querer' followed by infinitive.

Ella expectora mucho.

She expectorates a lot.

Third person singular present tense.

Es bueno expectorar.

It is good to expectorate.

Impersonal expression with 'es' + adjective.

Yo expectoro en el papel.

I expectorate into the paper.

First person singular present tense.

El jarabe me ayuda a expectorar.

The syrup helps me to expectorate.

Use of 'ayudar a' + infinitive.

Ayer no podía expectorar bien.

Yesterday I couldn't expectorate well.

Imperfect tense of 'poder' indicating ongoing inability.

Si tomas agua, vas a expectorar mejor.

If you drink water, you are going to expectorate better.

Future with 'ir a' + infinitive.

El paciente expectoró un poco de sangre.

The patient expectorated a little blood.

Preterite tense for a completed action.

Es difícil expectorar cuando el aire está seco.

It is difficult to expectorate when the air is dry.

Subordinate clause starting with 'cuando'.

Debes intentar expectorar cada hora.

You must try to expectorate every hour.

Modal verb 'deber' + 'intentar'.

Estamos expectorando mucho moco.

We are expectorating a lot of mucus.

Present progressive with 'estar' + gerund.

No es fácil expectorar sin toser.

It's not easy to expectorate without coughing.

Preposition 'sin' followed by infinitive.

El médico me recomendó un fármaco para expectorar.

The doctor recommended a drug to help me expectorate.

Preterite of 'recomendar' with an indirect object.

Aunque toso mucho, no logro expectorar nada.

Although I cough a lot, I don't manage to expectorate anything.

Conjunction 'aunque' with indicative.

Espero que el niño pueda expectorar pronto.

I hope the child can expectorate soon.

Present subjunctive after 'esperar que'.

Si no hubiera podido expectorar, habría ido al hospital.

If I hadn't been able to expectorate, I would have gone to the hospital.

Third conditional with 'si' + pluperfect subjunctive.

Me siento mejor después de haber expectorado.

I feel better after having expectorated.

Compound infinitive after 'después de'.

La enfermera me pidió que expectorara en el tubo.

The nurse asked me to expectorate into the tube.

Imperfect subjunctive after a request in the past.

Suele expectorar más por las mañanas.

He usually expectorates more in the mornings.

Verb 'soler' expressing a habit.

Para expectorar con facilidad, hay que estar hidratado.

To expectorate with ease, one must be hydrated.

Infinitive for purpose at the start of a sentence.

La capacidad de expectorar es vital para la recuperación pulmonar.

The ability to expectorate is vital for pulmonary recovery.

Noun phrase 'la capacidad de' + infinitive.

El paciente ha estado expectorando secreciones purulentas.

The patient has been expectorating purulent secretions.

Present perfect progressive.

Resulta fundamental expectorar para evitar la acumulación de bacterias.

It is fundamental to expectorate to avoid the accumulation of bacteria.

Impersonal verb 'resultar' + adjective.

A pesar de la medicación, seguía sin poder expectorar.

Despite the medication, he still couldn't expectorate.

Prepositional phrase 'a pesar de'.

Se le indicó al paciente que debía expectorar con fuerza.

The patient was instructed that he should expectorate forcefully.

Passive 'se' construction.

Es probable que el fumador necesite expectorar con frecuencia.

It's likely that the smoker needs to expectorate frequently.

Subjunctive after 'es probable que'.

La fisioterapia respiratoria ayuda a los niños a expectorar.

Respiratory physiotherapy helps children expectorate.

Direct object 'a los niños' with 'ayudar'.

No se debe reprimir el deseo de expectorar.

One should not suppress the urge to expectorate.

Impersonal 'se' with a modal verb.

La incapacidad para expectorar eficazmente puede derivar en complicaciones graves.

The inability to expectorate effectively can lead to serious complications.

Complex noun phrase as a subject.

Al expectorar, se eliminan los agentes patógenos del sistema respiratorio.

Upon expectorating, pathogens are eliminated from the respiratory system.

'Al' + infinitive to express time/action.

El tratamiento busca fluidificar el moco para que el paciente pueda expectorar.

The treatment seeks to thin the mucus so that the patient can expectorate.

Final clause with 'para que' + subjunctive.

Expectorar sangre, o hemoptisis, es un síntoma que requiere atención inmediata.

Expectorating blood, or hemoptysis, is a symptom that requires immediate attention.

Apposition explaining a technical term.

Durante la auscultación, se percibió que el paciente no lograba expectorar del todo.

During auscultation, it was noticed that the patient was not managing to expectorate completely.

Passive voice with 'se' in a past observation.

La polución ambiental dificulta la labor natural de expectorar de los pulmones.

Environmental pollution hinders the natural task of the lungs to expectorate.

Infinitive used as a noun with an article.

Es imperativo fomentar la hidratación para facilitar el acto de expectorar.

It is imperative to encourage hydration to facilitate the act of expectorating.

High-level formal vocabulary ('imperativo', 'fomentar').

Cualquier dificultad para expectorar debe ser comunicada al neumólogo.

Any difficulty expectorating must be reported to the pulmonologist.

Passive voice 'debe ser comunicada'.

La semiología médica describe minuciosamente el proceso de expectorar en diversas patologías.

Medical semiology describes in detail the process of expectorating in various pathologies.

Use of technical academic terms like 'semiología'.

El poeta utilizó el verbo expectorar para simbolizar la purga de sus pesares más íntimos.

The poet used the verb expectorate to symbolize the purging of his most intimate sorrows.

Metaphorical use in a literary context.

La viscosidad del esputo condiciona sobremanera la facilidad para expectorar del individuo.

The viscosity of the sputum greatly conditions the individual's ease of expectorating.

Advanced adverb 'sobremanera'.

Se observó una mejoría tras la administración de agentes que inducen a expectorar.

An improvement was observed after the administration of agents that induce expectoration.

Formal prepositional phrase 'tras la administración de'.

La reflexología sugiere que ciertos puntos pueden estimular el reflejo de expectorar.

Reflexology suggests that certain points can stimulate the expectoration reflex.

Scientific hypothesis structure.

No es infrecuente que el paciente deba expectorar de forma mecánica en cuidados intensivos.

It is not uncommon for the patient to have to expectorate mechanically in intensive care.

Double negative 'no es infrecuente' for emphasis.

El acto de expectorar se convierte en una lucha titánica para quienes padecen enfisema.

The act of expectorating becomes a titanic struggle for those suffering from emphysema.

Metaphorical adjective 'titánica'.

La investigación se centra en cómo el organismo prioriza el expectorar ante agentes irritantes.

The research focuses on how the organism prioritizes expectorating in the face of irritating agents.

Subordinate interrogative clause.

자주 쓰는 조합

dificultad para expectorar

ayudar a expectorar

lograr expectorar

expectorar sangre

expectorar flema

incapacidad de expectorar

necesidad de expectorar

expectorar moco

fácil de expectorar

expectorar purulento

자주 쓰는 구문

jarabe expectorante

— A cough syrup specifically designed to help clear the lungs.

Compré un jarabe expectorante en la farmacia.

acción expectorante

— The property of a substance that aids in expelling mucus.

La miel tiene una suave acción expectorante.

reflejo de expectorar

— The natural biological reflex that triggers the clearing of the throat.

El humo del tabaco inhibe el reflejo de expectorar.

facilitar el expectorar

— To make the process of coughing up phlegm easier.

Beber mucha agua ayuda a facilitar el expectorar.

expectorar con esfuerzo

— To cough up material with significant physical strain.

Estaba tan débil que tenía que expectorar con mucho esfuerzo.

expectorar fluidos

— To expel liquid matter from the respiratory system.

Es vital expectorar los fluidos después del ahogamiento.

expectorar por la mañana

— A common symptom where mucus clears after sleeping.

Los fumadores suelen expectorar por la mañana.

pedir que expectore

— A standard medical instruction to a patient.

El médico me pidió que expectore para la muestra.

incapaz de expectorar

— Being physically unable to clear the lungs.

El paciente está demasiado sedado e incapaz de expectorar.

expectorar material

— To expel any kind of substance from the lungs.

Es importante observar el color al expectorar material.

자주 혼동되는 단어

expectorar vs escupir

Escupir is to spit saliva; expectorar is to cough up material from the lungs.

expectorar vs toser

Toser is the act of coughing; expectorar is the act of successfully expelling mucus.

expectorar vs expulsar

Expulsar is a general term for ejecting anything; expectorar is specific to the chest.

관용어 및 표현

"expectorar el alma"

— To cough very violently, as if your whole soul is coming out.

Tenía una tos tan fuerte que parecía que iba a expectorar el alma.

informal/figurative

"expectorar bilis"

— To speak with extreme bitterness or hatred.

En su discurso, no hizo más que expectorar bilis contra sus enemigos.

literary

"expectorar verdades"

— To say harsh truths bluntly and perhaps rudely.

Se cansó de mentir y empezó a expectorar verdades a la cara.

literary

"expectorar insultos"

— To shout insults rapidly and forcefully.

El hombre empezó a expectorar insultos a los transeúntes.

literary

"expectorar el pasado"

— To finally let go of or express old traumas and memories.

Escribir este libro fue su manera de expectorar el pasado.

poetic

"expectorar veneno"

— To speak in a very toxic or harmful way about others.

Ten cuidado con ella, siempre está expectorando veneno.

informal

"expectorar la rabia"

— To vent out one's anger through words or shouting.

Necesitaba gritar para expectorar toda la rabia acumulada.

figurative

"expectorar la culpa"

— To confess or unburden oneself of guilt.

Fue a la iglesia para expectorar su culpa en el confesionario.

poetic

"expectorar fuego"

— To be extremely angry or to speak with great passion.

El orador parecía expectorar fuego en su apasionada defensa.

literary

"expectorar la vida"

— To be on the verge of death due to severe illness.

El pobre anciano estaba expectorando la vida en esa cama de hospital.

poetic

혼동하기 쉬운

expectorar vs esputar

Sounds very similar and has a related meaning.

Esputar is specifically the act of spitting out sputum, while expectorar is the broader process of bringing it up from the lungs.

El médico analizó lo que el paciente logró esputar.

expectorar vs vomitar

Both involve expelling something through the mouth.

Vomitar is from the stomach; expectorar is from the respiratory system.

No es lo mismo expectorar que vomitar.

expectorar vs estornudar

Both are respiratory reflexes.

Estornudar is from the nose; expectorar is from the chest/throat.

Él estornuda por la alergia, pero expectora por la gripe.

expectorar vs aspirar

Related to breathing.

Aspirar is taking in; expectorar is letting out.

Primero aspira el aire y luego intenta expectorar.

expectorar vs exhalar

Both mean 'out of the chest'.

Exhalar is for air/breath; expectorar is for physical matter like mucus.

Exhala suavemente después de expectorar.

문장 패턴

Yo + expectoro + mucho.

Yo expectoro mucho.

El jarabe + ayuda a + expectorar.

El jarabe ayuda a expectorar.

Espero que + el paciente + expectore.

Espero que el paciente expectore.

A pesar de + la tos + no puede + expectorar.

A pesar de la tos no puede expectorar.

La capacidad de + expectorar + es + vital.

La capacidad de expectorar es vital.

Se ha observado + una mejoría + tras + expectorar.

Se ha observado una mejoría tras expectorar.

Si + bebes + agua + podrás + expectorar.

Si bebes agua podrás expectorar.

Se recomienda + expectorar + en un frasco.

Se recomienda expectorar en un frasco.

어휘 가족

명사

expectoración (the act or the substance)

expectorante (the medicine)

동사

expectorar

형용사

expectorado (that which has been coughed up)

expectorante (having the quality of clearing the lungs)

사용법

frequency

Common in medical and health contexts, rare in general social interaction.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'expectorar' for spitting out gum. → Usa 'escupir' el chicle.
Expectorar is only for respiratory fluids, not for items in your mouth like gum or food.
Pronouncing it 'eks-pec-to-rar' very slowly and harshly. → Pronúncialo más como 'es-pec-to-rar'.
The 'x' before a consonant is typically softened in Spanish.
Thinking it means 'to expect' (confusing with 'esperar'). → Expectorar means to cough up; Esperar means to expect.
This is a false friend for some English speakers due to the 'expect' sound at the beginning.
Using it as a noun without the suffix. → La expectoración (not 'el expectorar' as a noun).
While you can use the infinitive as a noun, 'expectoración' is the standard noun form.
Using it in a very casual, joking way. → Use simpler words with friends.
Using such a clinical word in a casual setting can sound strange or overly graphic.

팁

Learn the family

Don't just learn 'expectorar'. Learn 'expectorante' and 'expectoración' at the same time to triple your vocabulary.

Soft 'X'

Remember to pronounce the 'x' softly like an 's' to sound more like a native speaker.

Use it at the doctor

Using this word with a doctor will help them understand your symptoms much faster than using vague terms.

Regular Verb

Since it's a regular -ar verb, you can apply all the standard rules you already know from 'hablar'.

Be discreet

Even though the word is formal, the action is private. Always use a tissue when you need to expectorate.

Check labels

Next time you are in a pharmacy, look for the word 'expectorante' on cough syrup boxes to see the word in action.

Toser vs Expectorar

Remember: Toser is the noise/action, Expectorar is the result (getting the gunk out).

Exit Chest

Think: Ex (Exit) + Pectoral (Chest). It's the exit from the chest.

Formal reports

If you are writing a formal letter about your health to an employer, 'expectorar' is the appropriate word to use.

Listen for 's'

When listening to news reports, you might hear 'espectorar' (with an s sound) even though it is spelled with an 'x'.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'EX' (Exit) and 'PECTORAL' (Chest). Expectorar is the way for phlegm to EXIT the PECTORAL area.

시각적 연상

Imagine a green arrow pointing OUT of a person's chest. That arrow represents the action of expectorating.

Word Web

Salud Medicina Tos Flema Pulmones Jarabe Doctor Respirar

챌린지

Try to use 'expectorar' in a sentence describing a visit to a pharmacy. For example: 'Hola, necesito algo para ayudarme a expectorar'.

어원

From the Latin verb 'expectorare', which is composed of 'ex-' (out of) and 'pectus, pectoris' (chest).

원래 의미: To banish from the breast or to expel from the chest.

Romance (Latin root).

문화적 맥락

Be careful using this word in casual conversation as it describes a bodily function that some may find gross. Use it primarily in health-related contexts.

The English equivalent 'expectorate' is also very formal and medical. Most English speakers say 'cough up' or 'spit out'.

Medical manuals like the 'Vademécum' list many 'expectorantes'. Literary works by Camilo José Cela sometimes use visceral medical terms like this. Health brochures from the 'Ministerio de Sanidad' in Spain.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At the doctor's office

¿Puede expectorar?
Tengo sangre al expectorar.
Me duele al expectorar.
No puedo expectorar bien.

At the pharmacy

Busco un jarabe para expectorar.
¿Este medicamento es expectorante?
¿Ayuda esto a expectorar la flema?
Necesito algo para expectorar.

Reading a medicine label

Acción expectorante.
Facilita el expectorar.
Dosis para expectorar.
Contraindicaciones al expectorar.

Talking about smoking

Suelo expectorar por la mañana.
He dejado de fumar y expectoro mucho.
El tabaco me impide expectorar.
Es normal expectorar después de fumar.

In a biology class

El mecanismo de expectorar.
Función de los pulmones al expectorar.
Importancia de expectorar moco.
Cómo el cuerpo logra expectorar.

대화 시작하기

"¿Sabías que el cuerpo necesita expectorar para mantenerse sano?"

"¿Alguna vez has tenido que usar un jarabe para expectorar?"

"¿Qué remedios caseros conoces para ayudar a alguien a expectorar?"

"¿Crees que es mejor expectorar o aguantar la tos?"

"En tu país, ¿es común usar la palabra expectorar o prefieren decir otra cosa?"

일기 주제

Describe una vez que estuviste enfermo y tuviste dificultad para expectorar.

Escribe un diálogo entre un médico y un paciente usando la palabra expectorar.

Investiga y escribe sobre cómo funcionan los medicamentos que ayudan a expectorar.

Reflexiona sobre la importancia de la salud respiratoria y el papel de expectorar.

Imagina que eres un farmacéutico y explica a un cliente por qué debe expectorar.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Es común en contextos médicos, farmacias y cuando hablas con un doctor. En la calle, la gente suele usar expresiones más simples como 'toser flema'. Sin embargo, para un estudiante de nivel B1, es una palabra muy útil para ser preciso.

La diferencia es el origen. 'Escupir' es simplemente lanzar saliva desde la boca. 'Expectorar' implica que el material viene de más abajo, de los pulmones o los bronquios. Es una distinción médica importante.

Es un verbo regular. Yo expectoré, tú expectoraste, él expectoró, nosotros expectoramos, vosotros expectorasteis, ellos expectoraron. No tiene irregularidades.

Sí, puedes, pero un niño probablemente no entenderá la palabra. Con niños es mejor decir 'saca el moco' o 'tose fuerte'. Los pediatras sí usarán la palabra con los padres.

Un expectorante es un tipo de medicamento, generalmente un jarabe, que ayuda a que el moco sea menos espeso para que sea más fácil expectorar. Es una palabra muy común en las farmacias.

No es grosera, es clínica. Sin embargo, hablar de fluidos corporales puede ser desagradable en una mesa de comedor. Úsala solo cuando sea necesario hablar de salud.

Se dice 'expectorar sangre'. También existe el término médico 'hemoptisis', pero 'expectorar sangre' es lo que diría un paciente a su doctor.

En la mayoría de los países hispanohablantes, la 'x' antes de una consonante suena como una 's'. Así que 'expectorar' suena como 'espec-to-rar'. En un discurso muy formal, podrías oír la 'x' completa.

El sustantivo es 'expectoración'. Se refiere tanto al acto de expectorar como a la sustancia que se expulsa (el esputo).

Sí, en literatura se usa para significar 'decir algo con fuerza' o 'liberarse de un sentimiento malo', como si fuera algo que te estorba en el pecho.

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