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B1 adjective 9분 분량

شل

shel

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 شل 30초 만에

설명 شل in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know 'shol' for very basic physical things. Imagine a shoe that doesn't fit right or a rope that isn't tight. You can use it in simple sentences like 'This is shol' or 'Don't make it shol.' It's a useful word for describing objects around the house. Think of it as the opposite of 'tight.' If you are playing with a toy and a part is moving too much because it's not fixed well, you say 'shol.' You don't need to worry about the metaphorical meanings yet. Just focus on the physical sensation of something being loose or sagging. It's a very common word in daily life, especially when talking about clothes or fixing simple things.

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At the A2 level, you start using 'shol' with common verbs like 'kardan' (to make) and 'shodan' (to become). You might tell someone 'Kamarbandat ra shol kon' (Loosen your belt) or notice that 'Pich shol shodeh' (The screw has become loose). You also begin to see it used for food textures, like a soup that is too watery. You can use it to describe a limp handshake or feeling a bit weak in the legs after a long walk. The focus is still mostly physical, but you are now using it in more complete sentences and starting to see it in different contexts like the kitchen or the doctor's office.

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As a B1 learner, you should understand both the physical and the metaphorical uses of 'shol.' You can use it to describe a person's behavior—for example, if a teacher is too easy on students, they are 'shol.' You'll encounter the common phrase 'shol gereftan,' which means to be lax or not take something seriously. You should also be able to distinguish between 'shol' (loose) and 'goshâd' (wide/large). You'll hear it in idioms and understand that it can sometimes be a criticism of someone's lack of discipline or strength. This is the level where 'shol' becomes a tool for describing personality and social situations, not just objects.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the nuance of 'shol' in professional and social settings. You understand that describing a market as 'shol' means it's sluggish. You can use the reduplicated form 'shol-o-vel' to add emphasis or show slight disapproval of something that is disorganized or flabby. You can also contrast 'shol' with more formal synonyms like 'sost' or 'motezalzel' (unstable). You understand the cultural context of bargaining and social pressure where being 'shol' can be a disadvantage. Your usage is more precise, and you can explain *why* something is 'shol' using more complex grammar.

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At the C1 level, 'shol' is used with high precision in literary or technical contexts. You might analyze how a poet uses the concept of 'shol' (slackness) to represent a lack of spiritual resolve. You understand its role in complex idiomatic expressions and can use it sarcastically or with subtle irony. You can discuss the 'looseness' of a philosophical argument or a political coalition. Your vocabulary is deep enough to choose 'shol' over 'sost' or 'rakhed' specifically to evoke a certain tactile or informal image. You also understand the historical development of the word and its cognates in other Iranian languages.

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At the C2 level, 'shol' is a tool for mastery. You can use it to describe the finest nuances of physical states, social dynamics, and abstract concepts. You might use it in a technical discussion about material science or in a high-level critique of a film's pacing ('the middle part was shol'). You are fully aware of all regional variations and slang uses. You can manipulate the word to create puns or double meanings. You understand the deep cultural psychology behind the 'shol/seft' (loose/tight) dynamic in Iranian society, from parenting to international diplomacy, and can articulate these complex ideas fluently.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

شل 30초 만에

Shol means loose or slack, used for physical objects like ropes or screws.
It also describes limpness in muscles or a weak, non-firm handshake.
Metaphorically, it refers to being lax, lazy, or lacking in discipline.
In cooking, it indicates a watery or runny consistency in foods.

The Persian word شل (pronounced as 'shol') is a versatile adjective primarily used to describe something that lacks tension, firmness, or rigidity. At its most basic level, it translates to 'loose' or 'slack' in English. However, its application spans from the physical world of ropes and knots to the abstract realms of human character and social discipline. When you encounter a rope that isn't pulled tight, or a screw that hasn't been turned all the way, a native speaker will immediately reach for this word. It conveys a state of being 'limp' or 'relaxed,' often implying that the object in question is not in its optimal state of tension.

Physical Slackness: This is the most common usage. If your shoelaces are untying themselves, they are 'shol.' If a belt is too big and hangs off the waist, it is 'shol.' It describes any material that is sagging rather than being taut.
Human Anatomy and Posture: In a medical or physical context, it describes muscles that are not flexed. A 'shol' handshake is a 'limp' handshake, which in Iranian culture—as in many others—might be perceived as a sign of weakness or lack of enthusiasm. It can also describe limbs that have gone numb or weak due to exhaustion.
Food Consistency: When cooking traditional Persian stews or puddings like 'Sholeh Zard,' the word relates to the viscosity. If a pudding hasn't set properly and remains too watery or runny, it is described as 'shol.' This is a critical distinction in the kitchen where 'seft' (firm) is often the desired counterpart.

طناب را خیلی شل بستی، ممکن است باز شود.
— "You tied the rope very loosely; it might come undone."

Beyond the physical, 'shol' enters the metaphorical space to describe a person's demeanor or a manager's style. If someone is 'shol' in their work, they are being lazy, lax, or lacking in discipline. It suggests a lack of 'tightness' in one's resolve. In the colloquial expression 'shol gereftan' (taking it loose), it means to not take something too seriously or to be lenient. This duality makes it a vital word for B1 learners who are moving beyond simple descriptions into the nuances of social interaction and personality traits.

چرا اینقدر شل و ول راه می‌روی؟
— "Why are you walking so limply/sluggishly?"

Metaphorical Laxness: When a government or institution doesn't enforce rules strictly, the atmosphere is described as 'shol.' It implies a lack of structure and a potential for chaos because the 'reins' are not held tight.

Understanding 'shol' requires understanding its opposite: 'seft' (tight/firm). The tension between these two words defines much of Persian descriptive language. Whether you are talking about the texture of a kebab, the grip of a handshake, or the strictness of a teacher, you are constantly navigating the spectrum between being too 'shol' or too 'seft.'

Using 'shol' correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as an adjective and its frequent transformation into a compound verb. In Persian, adjectives usually follow the noun with an Ezafe construction, but 'shol' is most commonly seen in conjunction with 'kardan' (to do/make) and 'shodan' (to become).

As a Simple Adjective: When describing a noun directly: 'Gereh-e shol' (A loose knot). Here, it functions just like any other descriptive word. You are identifying a state of being.
The Verb 'Shol Kardan' (To Loosen): This is an active process. 'Kamarbandat ra shol kon' (Loosen your belt). It is used physically for clothing and fasteners, but also figuratively: 'Siyasat-ha ra shol kardand' (They loosened the policies).
The Verb 'Shol Shodan' (To Become Loose): This describes a change in state. 'Pich shol shodeh ast' (The screw has become loose). It can also describe a person's resolve: 'Zanu-hayam shol shod' (My knees went weak/loose) - a common way to describe sudden fear or shock.

بعد از ورزش، عضلاتم کاملاً شل شدند.
— "After exercising, my muscles became completely relaxed/limp."

A very common conversational pattern is the reduplication 'shol-o-vel.' This adds an emphatic, often derogatory tone, suggesting something is excessively loose, messy, or lacks any form of backbone. 'In ketaab kheili shol-o-vel chap shodeh' (This book is printed very flimsily/poorly).

پیچِ این صندلی شل است، مراقب باش.
— "The screw of this chair is loose; be careful."

In more advanced contexts, you might see 'shol' used to describe economic markets. A 'shol' market is one that is sluggish or lacks vigor. For B1 students, focusing on the physical and basic personality uses is the best strategy. Remember: if it's not tight (seft) and it's not hard (sakht), it's likely 'shol.'

'Shol' is a word of the streets, the kitchen, and the home. You will rarely go a day in an Iranian household without hearing it in some form. Its frequency is high because it describes common physical frustrations and social behaviors. Here are the primary environments where you will encounter it:

In the Kitchen: Persian cuisine relies heavily on texture. When making 'Kabab Koobideh,' if the meat mixture is 'shol,' it will fall off the skewer into the fire. A chef might yell, 'Goosht-esh shole!' (The meat is too loose/soft!). Similarly, for rice or jams, 'shol' indicates a failure to reach the proper consistency.
At the Tailor or Clothing Store: If you try on a suit and the waist is too big, or the sleeves hang without shape, you tell the tailor it's 'shol.' They might respond by saying they will 'seft' (tighten) it or 'tang' (narrow) it.
Parenting and Education: Iranian parents often discuss 'shol gereftan' with their children. If a child is getting bad grades, a relative might say, 'Kheli shol گرفتی' (You've been too lax/easy on them). It's a critique of a lack of discipline.

اگه شل بگیری، کلاهت پسِ معرکه‌ست!
— "If you act weak/lax, you'll lose out! (Idiom: Your hat will be at the back of the battle)"

In the gym or during physical therapy, a trainer will tell you to 'shol kon' (relax/loosen) your muscles before a stretch. This is a positive use of the word, indicating a necessary release of tension. Conversely, in a construction site, a 'shol' scaffolding is a death trap, and you'll hear workers shouting to tighten the clamps.

مربا هنوز شل است، باید بیشتر بجوشد.
— "The jam is still runny; it needs to boil more."

In summary, 'shol' is heard wherever there is a standard of firmness that hasn't been met. It is a word of correction, observation, and sometimes, relaxation. For a learner, hearing 'shol' is a cue to look for something that is sagging, dripping, or failing to hold its shape.

While 'shol' seems straightforward, English speakers often trip up on its specific nuances in Persian. The most common error is using it as a direct substitute for 'lazy' in all contexts. While a 'shol' person is lazy, the word 'tanbal' is the dedicated word for laziness. 'Shol' implies a lack of physical or structural firmness, whereas 'tanbal' implies a lack of will.

Mistaking 'Shol' for 'Vaz' (Open/Loose): In English, we say 'loose hair' (hair that isn't tied). In Persian, you wouldn't usually say 'moo-ye shol' for hair that is down; you would say 'moo-ye bâz.' 'Shol' would imply the hair itself is limp or the ponytail holder is failing to grip.
Overusing it for 'Soft': A soft pillow is 'narm,' not 'shol.' Use 'shol' for things that *should* be firm but aren't. A 'shol' pillow would be one that has lost its stuffing and has no support. 'Narm' is a pleasant softness; 'shol' often carries a hint of a defect.
Confusion with 'Sost': 'Sost' also means weak or loose, but it's more formal and often refers to foundations or beliefs. 'Shol' is more tactile and everyday. You have 'shol' shoelaces, but a 'sost' foundation for a building.

اشتباه: این بالش خیلی شل است. (اگر منظورتان نرمی است)
— "Mistake: This pillow is very 'shol'. (If you mean it's soft/comfortable)"

Another mistake is using 'shol' for 'wide' (goshâd). If your pants are too big in the waist, they are 'goshâd.' If the elastic in the waist has lost its stretch and is sagging, then they are 'shol.' One is about size, the other is about the integrity of the material.

درست: پیچ را شل کن تا باز شود.
— "Correct: Loosen the screw so it opens."

Finally, remember that 'shol' is an adjective. In English, 'loose' can be a verb (to loose the hounds), but in Persian, you must use a helper verb like 'kardan.' Never use 'shol' alone as an action.

To truly master 'shol,' you must see how it sits alongside its linguistic cousins. Persian has several words for 'loose' or 'weak,' each with a specific flavor.

Shol vs. Sost (سست): 'Sost' is the more sophisticated, often literary version of 'shol.' While 'shol' is a loose rope, 'sost' is a weak willpower or a fragile structure. You'll hear 'sost-on-onsur' (weak-willed) in literature, but you'll say 'shol' to your friend whose belt is falling off.
Shol vs. Vel (ول): 'Vel' means 'loose' in the sense of being 'unattached' or 'abandoned.' A stray dog is 'sag-e vel.' If you let go of something, you 'vel' it. 'Shol' is about the *tension* within the object; 'vel' is about its *connection* to anything else.
Shol vs. Goshâd (گشاد): 'Goshâd' strictly means 'wide' or 'oversized.' If you buy a shirt that is two sizes too big, it is 'goshâd.' If that same shirt is made of cheap, sagging fabric that doesn't hold its shape, it is 'shol.'

این گره شل است، اما آن یکی کاملاً وا رفته است.
— "This knot is loose, but that one is completely fallen apart (vâ rafteh)."

Another interesting alternative is 'vâ-rafteh.' This is used for things that have lost their structure entirely, like a cookie that crumbled or a person who has lost all energy. 'Shol' is the stage before 'vâ-rafteh.' One is slack; the other is collapsed.

او در تصمیم‌گیری بسیار سست است، نه فقط شل.
— "He is very weak (sost) in decision-making, not just lax (shol)."

By diversifying your vocabulary with these alternatives, you can describe the world with much more precision. A B1 learner knows 'shol'; a B2 learner knows when to use 'sost' instead.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'Sholeh' (as in the food Sholeh Zard) comes from the same root, referring to its soft, semi-liquid consistency.

발음 가이드

UK /ʃɒl/

US /ʃol/

The stress is on the only syllable: SHOL.

라임이 맞는 단어

پل (Pol - Bridge) گل (Gol - Flower) خل (Khol - Crazy) مل (Mol - Wine/Neck) زل (Zol - Staring) کل (Kol - Total/Bald) سل (Sol - Tuberculosis/Musical note) هل (Hol - Push)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it like 'shell' (English).
Making the 'o' sound too long like 'show-l'.
Softening the 'sh' too much.
Confusing the vowel with 'shul' (which is not a common Persian word).
Pronouncing the final 'l' too heavily like a dark 'l' in English.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in text due to its short length.

쓰기 2/5

Simple spelling, but requires helper verbs.

말하기 3/5

Requires nuance to use metaphorically without being rude.

듣기 2/5

Clear pronunciation, rarely confused with other words.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

سفت (seft) کردن (kardan) شدن (shodan) طناب (tanâb) پیچ (pich)

다음에 배울 것

سست (sust) لق (laq) گشاد (goshâd) منعطف (mon-atef) وا رفته (vâ-rafteh)

고급

تزلزل (tazalzol) انعطاف‌پذیری (en-etâf-paziri) سهل‌انگاری (sahl-angâri)

알아야 할 문법

Compound Verbs with 'Kardan'

شل + کردن = To loosen.

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

شل + شدن = To become loose.

Reduplication for Emphasis

شل و ول (Shol-o-vel) emphasizes the messiness or lack of structure.

Adjective as Adverb

In 'Shol beband', the adjective 'shol' functions as an adverb meaning 'loosely'.

Ezafe Construction

طنابِ شل (Tanâb-e shol) - The loose rope.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

کفش من شل است.

My shoe is loose.

Simple adjective use with 'ast' (is).

این طناب شل است.

This rope is loose.

Subject + Adjective.

شل نکن!

Don't make (it) loose!

Imperative negative form of 'shol kardan'.

گره شل است.

The knot is loose.

Noun + Adjective.

چای شل؟ نه!

Weak tea? No!

Using 'shol' to describe watery consistency (informal).

دستش شل است.

His/Her hand is limp.

Possessive + Adjective.

پیچ شل را سفت کن.

Tighten the loose screw.

Adjective modifying a noun in an object position.

کلاه برای سرم شل است.

The hat is loose for my head.

Prepositional phrase 'barâye' (for).

کمرربندم را شل کردم.

I loosened my belt.

Past tense of 'shol kardan'.

بعد از باران، خاک شل شد.

After the rain, the soil became loose/soft.

Compound verb 'shol shodan' in past tense.

باید پیچ‌ها را شل کنی.

You must loosen the screws.

Modal 'bâyad' + subjunctive.

آش خیلی شل شده است.

The soup has become very watery/runny.

Present perfect tense.

او شل دست می‌دهد.

He shakes hands limply.

Adverbial use in a sentence.

این صندلی شل و ول است.

This chair is shaky and loose.

Common reduplicated form 'shol-o-vel'.

چرا اینقدر شل راه می‌روی؟

Why are you walking so sluggishly?

Present progressive sense.

ماسک روی صورتم شل بود.

The mask was loose on my face.

Past tense of 'to be'.

در تربیت بچه‌ها نباید شل گرفت.

One shouldn't be too lax in raising children.

Idiomatic use of 'shol gereftan'.

از ترس زانوهایم شل شد.

My knees went weak from fear.

Metaphorical physical reaction.

مدیر جدید خیلی شل برخورد می‌کند.

The new manager acts very leniently/laxly.

Describing professional behavior.

این سیاست‌ها باعث شل شدنِ انضباط می‌شود.

These policies cause the loosening of discipline.

Gerund form 'shol shodan-e'.

او در کارش کمی شل است.

He is a bit lazy/lax in his work.

Adjective describing work ethic.

باید عضلاتت را قبل از ماساژ شل کنی.

You must relax your muscles before the massage.

Instructional use.

گره را شل ببند که راحت باز شود.

Tie the knot loosely so it opens easily.

Adverbial usage with imperative.

بازار مسکن این روزها شل شده است.

The housing market has become sluggish these days.

Economic metaphorical use.

او با یک لبخند شل و ول جواب داد.

He answered with a weak and indifferent smile.

Using 'shol-o-vel' to describe expressions.

اگر قانون را شل بگیرید، هرج و مرج می‌شود.

If you enforce the law laxly, there will be chaos.

Conditional sentence with idiomatic verb.

ساختارِ این مقاله کمی شل است.

The structure of this article is a bit loose/weak.

Abstract structural description.

او از مواضعِ قبلی خود شل شد.

He backed down (loosened) from his previous positions.

Metaphorical 'shol shodan' in debate.

صدای شل و خسته‌اش نشان از بیماری داشت.

His weak and tired voice indicated illness.

Adjective describing voice quality.

پیچ‌هایِ تعهداتِ اخلاقی در جامعه شل شده است.

The screws of moral commitments in society have loosened.

Highly metaphorical/literary use.

نباید در مقابلِ خواسته‌هایِ او شل بیایی.

You shouldn't give in (come loose) to his demands.

Colloquial 'shol âmadan' (to give in).

این پارچه بعد از شستن شل می‌شود.

This fabric becomes limp/loses shape after washing.

Physical property description.

نویسنده با نثری شل و بی‌پایه داستان را پیش می‌برد.

The author advances the story with a loose and baseless prose.

Literary criticism context.

شالوده‌یِ این نظریه بسیار شل و لرزان است.

The foundation of this theory is very loose and shaky.

Academic/Theoretical critique.

او با یک اراده‌یِ شل، هرگز به مقصد نمی‌رسد.

With a weak/slack will, he will never reach the destination.

Abstract character trait.

انعطاف‌پذیری نباید به شل‌گیری در اصول منجر شود.

Flexibility should not lead to laxity in principles.

Complex noun phrase 'shol-giri'.

در این نقاشی، خطوط بسیار شل و رها ترسیم شده‌اند.

In this painting, the lines are drawn very loosely and freely.

Artistic description.

نظامِ اداریِ شل، مانعِ پیشرفتِ اقتصادی است.

A lax administrative system is an obstacle to economic progress.

Sociopolitical analysis.

او با لحنی شل و غیرجدی موضوع را مطرح کرد.

He raised the issue in a loose and non-serious tone.

Describing communication style.

بندهایِ کفشِ زمانه شل شده است.

The shoelaces of time have loosened (Poetic).

Poetic metaphor.

تسامح نباید با شل‌انگاریِ ساختاری اشتباه گرفته شود.

Tolerance should not be mistaken for structural negligence/laxity.

Academic terminology 'shol-angâri'.

واگراییِ نیروها باعثِ شل شدنِ مفاصلِ قدرت گشت.

The divergence of forces caused the loosening of the joints of power.

High-level political metaphor.

در این قطعه‌یِ موسیقی، ریتم به عمد شل نگاه داشته شده است.

In this musical piece, the rhythm is intentionally kept loose.

Technical artistic instruction.

او میانِ سخت‌گیری و شل‌گیری، راهِ میانه را برگزید.

Between strictness and laxity, he chose the middle path.

Philosophical 'middle path' concept.

استدلال‌هایِ او در بوته‌یِ نقد، شل و بی‌فایده جلوه کرد.

His arguments appeared loose and useless in the crucible of criticism.

Sophisticated idiomatic phrasing.

شل‌شدگیِ پیوندهایِ اجتماعی، بحرانِ هویت را در پی دارد.

The loosening of social bonds results in an identity crisis.

Sociological terminology.

او با مهارتی استادانه، طنابِ روایت را شل و سفت می‌کند.

With masterly skill, he loosens and tightens the rope of the narrative.

Metaphor for storytelling technique.

این شل‌کردنِ ناگهانیِ مواضع، شک‌برانگیز است.

This sudden loosening of positions is suspicious.

Substantive use of the compound verb.

자주 쓰는 조합

شل کردن

شل شدن

شل گرفتن

شل و ول

شل بستن

عضلات شل

گره شل

شل آمدن

شل و سفت کردن

خاک شل

자주 쓰는 구문

شل کن!

— Relax! or Loosen it! Depending on whether the context is muscles or a rope.

موقع آمپول زدن خودت را شل کن.

خیلی شل است.

— It's too loose/watery. Used for everything from clothing to soup.

این شلوار در کمر خیلی شل است.

شل نگیر.

— Don't be lax. Don't take it easy.

در درس خواندن شل نگیر.

همه چیز شل شده.

— Everything has become disorganized or loose.

در این شرکت همه چیز شل شده است.

دستِ شل

— A weak hand/grip.

با دستِ شل نمی‌شود کار کرد.

پیچش شل است.

— He has a screw loose (informal/humorous).

زیاد به حرفش گوش نکن، انگار پیچش شل است.

شل و پل

— Completely beaten up or exhausted (slang).

بعد از تصادف شل و پل شد.

شل‌شل راه رفتن

— To walk in a lazy, dragging manner.

چرا شل‌شل راه می‌روی؟

شل کردن فک

— To talk too much or gossip (slang).

باز فکش را شل کرده و غیبت می‌کند.

بندِ شل

— A loose string or strap.

بندِ کیفم شل شده است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

شل vs گشاد (goshâd)

Goshâd is about size (wide/large), while Shol is about tension (loose/slack).

شل vs نرم (narm)

Narm is soft/pleasant, while Shol often implies a lack of necessary firmness.

شل vs لق (laq)

Laq is wobbly (like a loose tooth), while Shol is slack (like a rope).

관용어 및 표현

"شل‌کن سفت‌کن درآوردن"

— To be inconsistent; to fluctuate between being strict and being lenient.

اینقدر شل‌کن سفت‌کن درنیار، تصمیمت را بگیر.

Colloquial

"شل گرفتن"

— To not take something seriously; to be easy-going or lax.

اگر زندگی را شل بگیری، راحت‌تر می‌گذرد.

Neutral

"زانو شل کردن"

— To give up, to lose hope, or to be terrified.

در برابر سختی‌ها زانو شل نکن.

Literary/Metaphorical

"فتیله را شل کردن"

— To tone it down; to reduce the intensity of an argument or action.

فتیله را شل کن، داری زیاده‌روی می‌کنی.

Slang

"شل آمدن"

— To lose one's resolve or to become less firm in a negotiation.

آخرش شل آمد و تخفیف داد.

Colloquial

"پیچ‌های کسی شل بودن"

— To be a bit crazy or eccentric.

بنده خدا پیچ‌هایش شل است.

Informal

"شل و ول بودن"

— To lack energy, structure, or backbone.

این طرح خیلی شل و ول است.

Neutral

"بند را شل کردن"

— To allow more freedom (often to a subordinate or child).

گاهی باید بند را برای جوان‌ها شل کرد.

Metaphorical

"شل‌گردنی"

— Lack of focus or being physically limp due to laziness.

شل‌گردنی نکن و کارت را انجام بده.

Informal

"شل‌کاری"

— Doing a job poorly or carelessly.

این شل‌کاری‌ها عاقبت خوبی ندارد.

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

شل vs گشاد

Both can be translated as 'loose' in English clothing contexts.

Goshâd means the garment is too big. Shol means the fabric or elastic has lost its tension.

این شلوار گشاد است (It's a large size). این کش شلوار شل است (The elastic is dead).

شل vs سست

Both mean weak or loose.

Sust is more formal and abstract (weak resolve). Shol is more physical and common (loose rope).

بنیان سست (Weak foundation). طناب شل (Loose rope).

شل vs ول

Both imply a lack of control.

Vel means unattached or free. Shol means lacking tension while still attached.

سگِ ول (Stray dog). گرهِ شل (Loose knot).

شل vs نرم

In food, both can mean not hard.

Narm is a positive softness (fresh bread). Shol is a negative runniness (watery jam).

نانِ نرم (Soft bread). مربایِ شل (Runny jam).

شل vs لق

Both describe things that aren't secure.

Laq is for things that wobble in a socket. Shol is for flexible things that sag.

میز لق است (The table wobbles). طناب شل است (The rope sags).

문장 패턴

[Noun] + شل + است.

کفش شل است.

[Noun] + را + شل + کن.

پیچ را شل کن.

[Noun] + شل + شد.

گره شل شد.

[Activity] + را + شل + گرفتن.

درس را شل نگیر.

از [Emotion] + [Body Part] + شل + شدن.

از ترس دستم شل شد.

[Concept] + شل + و + ول + است.

برنامه‌اش شل و ول است.

[Abstract Noun] + شل + شده + است.

ساختارِ قدرت شل شده است.

شل‌انگاری در [Context].

شل‌انگاری در وظایف.

어휘 가족

명사

شلی (sholi - looseness)

شل‌گیری (shol-giri - laxity)

شل‌انگاری (shol-angâri - negligence/laxness)

동사

شل کردن (shol kardan - to loosen)

شل شدن (shol shodan - to become loose)

شل آمدن (shol âmadan - to give in/yield)

형용사

شل (shol - loose)

شل و ول (shol-o-vel - flabby/loose)

شله (sholeh - used in food names like Sholeh Zard)

사용법

frequency

Very common in daily spoken Persian.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'shol' for 'lazy' (personality). → tanbal
Shol describes a temporary state of laxity or physical limpness. Tanbal is the trait of laziness.
Using 'shol' for 'soft' (comfort). → narm
If a pillow is soft and nice, it's 'narm.' If it's 'shol,' it's saggy and broken.
Using 'shol' for 'loose hair'. → moo-ye bâz
Loose hair (not tied) is 'bâz.' 'Moo-ye shol' would mean the hair itself is limp or the tie is failing.
Forgeting the helper verb. → shol kardan
You cannot say 'I shol the rope.' You must say 'Tanâb ra shol kardam.'
Confusing 'shol' with 'laq'. → laq (for wobbling)
If a table leg is loose and wobbles, it's 'laq.' If a rope is loose and sags, it's 'shol.'

팁

The 'Shoal' Connection

Imagine walking on a 'Shoal' (sandbar). The sand is 'Shol' (loose/soft). Both start with 'Sho-' and involve lack of firmness.

Helper Verbs

Always pair 'shol' with 'kardan' to loosen something and 'shodan' to become loose. It rarely stands as a verb on its own.

Shol vs. Goshâd

Remember: Goshâd = Size (Too big). Shol = Tension (Too loose). A big shirt is goshâd; a saggy collar is shol.

Kitchen Talk

If you're cooking with Iranians, 'shol' is a common critique. It means your sauce needs more time to thicken!

The Handshake

Avoid a 'dast-e shol' (limp handshake) in Iran; it's often seen as a sign of lack of character.

Reduplication

Use 'shol-o-vel' when you want to be expressive or informal about something being very messy or loose.

Relaxing

In a medical context, 'shol kon' is the standard way a doctor tells you to relax your body.

Life Advice

'Zendegi ro shol begir' (Take life easy) is a common piece of advice for stressed friends.

Short 'O'

Keep the 'o' sound short and rounded. It's not a long 'oh' like in 'boat'.

Pairing

Always learn 'shol' and 'seft' together. They are a constant pair in Persian thought.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Shoal' (a shallow place in water) where the ground is 'shol' (soft/loose). Or think of 'Shoulder' - if your shoulder is 'shol', it's relaxed.

시각적 연상

Imagine a loose rope sagging between two points. That saggy shape is 'shol.'

Word Web

Rope Screw Lax Limp Runny Jam Muscles Handshake Sluggish Market

챌린지

Try to find three things in your room right now that are 'shol' (a loose thread, a soft cushion, a relaxed limb) and name them aloud.

어원

Rooted in Middle Persian (Pahlavi) and related to Indo-European roots for 'slack' or 'slow.' It has cognates in several Iranian dialects.

원래 의미: Lacking tension or being soft.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian

문화적 맥락

Be careful using 'shol' to describe a person's character directly, as it can be insulting (implying they are weak or lazy).

English speakers might use 'loose' for many things where Persian uses specific words like 'goshâd' or 'لق'.

Sholeh Zard (Traditional saffron rice pudding) The idiom 'Shol-kon seft-kon' Classical poetry describing 'sost' (the formal cousin of shol) resolve.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Clothing/Fashion

کمرش شل است
کش شلوار شل شده
لباس شل و ول
شل بستنِ روسری

Cooking

خورشت شل است
مربا شل شده
خمیر شل
برنج شل

Tools/DIY

پیچ را شل کن
مهره شل است
پایه صندلی شل شده
شیر آب شل است

Human Body

عضلاتت را شل کن
دستِ شل
پاهایم شل شد
بدنِ شل و ول

Social/Work

شل گرفتنِ کار
مدیرِ شل
قانونِ شل
شل آمدن در بحث

대화 시작하기

"فکر نمی‌کنی این گره کمی شل است؟ (Don't you think this knot is a bit loose?)"

"چطور می‌توانم عضلاتم را بعد از کار شل کنم؟ (How can I relax my muscles after work?)"

"چرا در این شرکت همه چیز اینقدر شل گرفته می‌شود؟ (Why is everything taken so laxly in this company?)"

"آیا این مربا به نظر تو خیلی شل نیست؟ (Does this jam look too runny to you?)"

"می‌توانی این پیچ را برای من شل کنی؟ (Can you loosen this screw for me?)"

일기 주제

زمانی را توصیف کنید که از ترس زانوهایتان شل شد. (Describe a time when your knees went weak from fear.)

آیا در زندگی باید سخت‌گیر بود یا مسائل را شل گرفت؟ چرا؟ (Should one be strict in life or take things easy? Why?)

درباره‌ی پروژه‌ای بنویسید که به خاطر شل‌کاری شکست خورد. (Write about a project that failed due to sloppy work.)

تفاوت بین آرامش (Relaxation) و شل بودن را توضیح دهید. (Explain the difference between relaxation and being 'shol'.)

چگونه می‌توان در مذاکره بدون شل آمدن، منعطف بود؟ (How can one be flexible in a negotiation without giving in?)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Not exactly. Use 'tanbal' for lazy. 'Shol' implies you are being lax or lacking energy at the moment, but it's not the standard word for the personality trait of laziness.

'Shol' is the everyday word for physical slackness. 'Sust' is more formal and used for abstract concepts like a 'weak' argument or 'fragile' health. You wouldn't say your shoelaces are 'sust'.

You would say 'Shol kon' (Relax/Loosen) referring to your muscles, or 'Shol-esh kon' if you want them to apply less pressure.

Not always. In the context of relaxation or flexibility, it can be positive. However, it often implies something isn't as firm as it should be.

Yes, it describes the viscosity. If a sauce or pudding is too thin and watery, Persians call it 'shol'.

It's an emphatic, often slightly insulting way to say something is very loose, flabby, or poorly put together. It's like saying 'limp and loose'.

You say 'pich-e shol'. Metaphorically, if someone is a bit crazy, you can say 'pich-ash shol ast' (his screws are loose).

No, for hair that is not tied up, use 'bâz' (open). Use 'shol' if the hair tie is not holding the hair tightly.

The most common opposite is 'seft' (tight/firm). 'Mohkam' (strong/secure) is also a frequent antonym.

Yes, 'shol gereftan' means to be lax in management or enforcement. A 'shol' market means a sluggish market with little activity.

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