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दुर्भाव

B1 noun 6분 분량

दुर्भाव

durbhav

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 दुर्भाव 30초 만에

설명 दुर्भाव in your Level:

At the A1 level, think of 'Durbhaav' as simply meaning 'a bad feeling' or 'not being nice.' While it is a big word for a beginner, you can understand it by breaking it down. 'Dur' means bad, and 'Bhaav' means feeling. So, if you don't like someone and want something bad to happen to them, that is 'Durbhaav.' However, at this level, you would usually just say 'Bura' (bad) or 'Nahi pasand' (don't like). You might hear it in very simple stories where a 'bad person' has 'bad feelings' for the hero. Just remember: Durbhaav = Bad Feeling. It's a noun, so you 'have' it (mere paas... hai) or it's 'in the mind' (man mein... hai). Don't worry about using it in complex ways yet. Just recognize that it's the opposite of being a friend. If you are a good student, you have 'good feelings' (Sadbhaav), but if a bully is mean, they might have 'Durbhaav.' It is always about what is inside someone's heart. In A1, we focus on basic emotions like happy, sad, and angry. 'Durbhaav' is like a more advanced version of 'angry' that stays for a long time. It is not just being mad for a minute; it is wanting to be mean. If you see this word in a book, just think 'Malice' or 'Bad Intent.' It is a very useful word to know as you start reading more formal Hindi because it appears in many moral lessons and stories for children.

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As an A2 learner, you are starting to move beyond basic adjectives. 'Durbhaav' is a great word to describe characters in a story or people's intentions. At this level, you should know that it is a masculine noun. You can start using it in simple sentences like 'Uske man mein durbhaav hai' (There is ill-will in his mind). You will notice that it is often used with the word 'man' (mind/heart). In Hindi, emotions are often described as being 'inside' the mind. You should also learn its opposite, 'Sadbhaav' (goodwill). This pair is very common. If you are writing a small paragraph about a fight between two friends, you can say 'Unke beech durbhaav badh gaya' (Ill-will increased between them). This sounds much more professional than just saying they were 'angry.' You should also be aware that 'Durbhaav' is not something you 'do' (karna) directly to someone; it is something you 'keep' (rakhna) or 'have' (hona). This is a subtle grammar point. For example, 'Don't keep ill-will' is 'Durbhaav mat rakho.' Learning this word helps you describe social situations more accurately. It is common in school textbooks when talking about how to be a good citizen or a good friend. It is also used in simple news headlines about conflicts. By using 'Durbhaav,' you show that you understand the difference between a temporary emotion and a lasting negative intention.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'Durbhaav' in formal and semi-formal contexts. You understand that it implies 'malice' or 'hostile intent.' This is the level where you start using the construction 'X के प्रति दुर्भाव' (ill-will towards X). For example, 'Hamein kisi ke prati durbhaav nahi rakhna chahiye' (We should not harbor ill-will toward anyone). You should also recognize the adjective form 'Durbhaavnapurna' (malicious). At B1, you can use this word to discuss more complex topics like office politics, historical conflicts, or literary themes. You are beginning to see the nuance: 'Durbhaav' is more than just 'nafrat' (hatred). Hatred is an intense emotion, but 'Durbhaav' is specifically about the *intent* to harm or the *feeling* that someone else is an enemy. It is often used in the context of 'Nish-paap' (sinless) or 'Shuddh' (pure) intentions. If someone does something wrong by mistake, you can say 'Unka koi durbhaav nahi tha' (They had no malicious intent). This is a very important distinction in adult conversations. You will also hear this word in Bollywood movies during dramatic courtroom scenes or when a villain explains their motive. It's a key word for understanding 'moral' versus 'immoral' behavior in Indian culture. You should practice using it with different verbs like 'mitana' (to erase/remove) or 'paalna' (to nurture/harbor). For instance, 'Purane durbhaav ko mita dena chahiye' (Old ill-will should be erased).

For B2 learners, 'Durbhaav' becomes a tool for nuanced social and political analysis. You should be able to distinguish it from related terms like 'Dwesh' (animosity), 'Irshya' (envy), and 'Vaimanasya' (hostility). At this level, you understand that 'Durbhaav' is often used in legal and journalistic Hindi to denote 'malice aforethought' or 'bad faith.' You can use it to describe systemic issues, such as 'Saampradaayik durbhaav' (communal ill-will), and discuss how it impacts society. You should also be able to use it in the passive voice or in complex sentence structures. For example, 'Yah kaaryavaahi durbhaav se prerit lagti hai' (This action seems motivated by malice). This level of Hindi requires you to understand the 'register' of the word—it is formal and carries a moral weight. You might use it in a business setting to describe a competitor's unfair tactics or in a literary essay to analyze a character's downfall. You should also be familiar with common collocations like 'Durbhaavna' (the feeling of ill-will) and how it is used interchangeably with 'Durbhaav' in many contexts, though 'Durbhaav' is more specifically the state of the feeling. You can now use the word to express complex ethical stances, such as the importance of 'Nishkaam Karma' (action without desire/malice). It is also a word that appears frequently in editorials and opinion pieces in Hindi newspapers like 'Dainik Jagran' or 'The Navbharat Times.'

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At the C1 level, you have a deep, intuitive grasp of 'Durbhaav.' You understand its Sanskrit roots and how the prefix 'Dur-' functions across the Hindi vocabulary (e.g., Durgam, Durlabh, Durvyavhaar). You can use 'Durbhaav' to engage in philosophical debates about the nature of evil or the ethics of forgiveness. You recognize its use in classical poetry and high-level academic prose. At this stage, you are not just using the word; you are analyzing the *degree* of 'Durbhaav' in various contexts. You might use it to describe the subtle 'undercurrents' of hostility in a diplomatic negotiation or the 'psychological warfare' in a psychological thriller. You understand that 'Durbhaav' can be 'avyakt' (unexpressed) or 'prakat' (manifested). You can also use idiomatic expressions or more obscure synonyms like 'Amarsh' or 'Matsar' to add variety to your speech, but you know that 'Durbhaav' remains the most powerful and versatile term. Your ability to use the word correctly in a variety of grammatical moods—subjunctive, conditional, etc.—is a hallmark of this level. For example, 'Yadi unke man mein durbhaav na hota, toh paristhiti bhinn hoti' (Had there been no ill-will in his mind, the situation would have been different). You can also discuss the sociological implications of 'Durbhaav' in the context of caste, religion, or gender in India, using the word to describe the invisible biases that lead to overt discrimination.

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As a C2 learner, your mastery of 'Durbhaav' is equivalent to that of a highly educated native speaker. You understand the finest shades of meaning and can use the word with rhetorical precision. You can appreciate how 'Durbhaav' is used in the 'Shastras' (ancient texts) to describe the 'Vikaras' (impurities) of the mind. You can use it in high-level legal drafting, sophisticated literary criticism, or political speechwriting. You are aware of the word's resonance in historical contexts—for instance, how 'Durbhaav' between princely states led to colonial interventions. You can employ the word to create specific emotional effects in your writing, perhaps using it to create a sense of foreboding or to highlight a moral paradox. You also understand the cultural sensitivity of the word; accusing someone of 'Durbhaav' is a serious charge that can end a relationship or spark a major controversy. You can navigate these social waters with ease. Furthermore, you can compare the Hindi 'Durbhaav' with concepts in other languages, such as 'Schadenfreude' in German or 'Malice' in English law, noting where they overlap and where they diverge. Your use of 'Durbhaav' is effortless, integrated into a vast and complex vocabulary that allows you to express the most subtle movements of the human heart and the most intricate structures of human society. You might even use the word in a self-reflective way to describe the 'internal struggle' to maintain 'Samatva' (equanimity) in the face of others' hostility.

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दुर्भाव 30초 만에

A formal noun for ill-will or malice.
Derived from 'Dur' (bad) and 'Bhaav' (feeling).
Commonly used with 'ke prati' (towards).
Opposite of 'Sadbhaav' (goodwill).

The Hindi word दुर्भाव (Durbhaav) is a sophisticated noun that translates to 'ill-will,' 'malice,' or 'hostile intentions' in English. It is a compound word derived from Sanskrit, where 'Dur' (दु:) signifies something bad, difficult, or negative, and 'Bhaav' (भाव) refers to a feeling, sentiment, or state of mind. Therefore, दुर्भाव literally means 'a bad feeling' directed toward someone else. Unlike simple anger, which might be a fleeting emotion, दुर्भाव often implies a more deep-seated, persistent, and perhaps even calculated desire to see someone suffer or fail. It is the internal poison that precedes harmful actions.

Psychological Context: In psychology, this word describes the internal state of harboring resentment that has fermented into a wish for another's misfortune. It is often used in discussions about ethics and mental health to describe a state that one should strive to overcome for personal peace.

राजनीति में अक्सर व्यक्तिगत दुर्भाव नीतियों पर भारी पड़ जाता है। (In politics, personal ill-will often outweighs policies.)

Social Dynamics: In social settings, दुर्भाव is what ruins community cohesion. It is the opposite of 'Sadbhaav' (goodwill). When people act out of दुर्भाव, they are not just disagreeing; they are acting with an intent to harm the reputation or well-being of others.

उसके मन में मेरे प्रति कोई दुर्भाव नहीं है। (He harbors no ill-will toward me.)

Legal and Formal Use: In legal contexts, proving 'malice' or दुर्भाव can be crucial in cases of defamation or criminal intent. It distinguishes an accidental harm from a deliberate attempt to injure.

न्यायालय ने पाया कि कार्रवाई दुर्भाव से प्रेरित थी। (The court found that the action was motivated by malice.)

हमें अपने हृदय से दुर्भाव को निकाल देना चाहिए। (We should remove ill-will from our hearts.)

बिना किसी दुर्भाव के, उसने अपनी गलती स्वीकार की। (Without any malice, he accepted his mistake.)

Using दुर्भाव (Durbhaav) correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a masculine noun. It is almost always used with the postposition 'के प्रति' (towards) or 'से' (with/from). The most common construction is '[Person A] के मन में [Person B] के प्रति दुर्भाव है' (Person A has ill-will towards Person B). This structure highlights that दुर्भाव is an internal state that is directed outward.

The 'Motivation' Pattern: Another common usage is describing an action as being 'motivated by' ill-will: 'दुर्भाव से प्रेरित' (motivated by malice). This is frequently used in journalism to describe political attacks or professional sabotage.

उसने दुर्भाव के कारण मेरी शिकायत की। (He complained about me out of ill-will.)

Negation for Emphasis: In Hindi culture, explicitly stating the absence of दुर्भाव is a way to show humility or clear the air during a conflict. Phrases like 'मेरे मन में कोई दुर्भाव नहीं है' (I have no ill-will) serve as a social olive branch.

क्या आपके मन में मेरे लिए कोई दुर्भाव है? (Do you have any ill-will toward me?)

Abstract Usage: The word can also describe a general atmosphere of hostility. 'वातावरण में दुर्भाव भरा था' (The atmosphere was filled with ill-will). This moves the emotion from an individual to a collective experience.

सफलता मिलने पर दूसरों का दुर्भाव बढ़ सकता है। (Ill-will from others may increase upon achieving success.)

दोनों देशों के बीच दुर्भाव को खत्म करने की ज़रूरत है। (There is a need to end the ill-will between the two countries.)

उसकी बातों में साफ़ तौर पर दुर्भाव झलक रहा था। (Ill-will was clearly evident in his words.)

You will encounter दुर्भाव (Durbhaav) in various high-stakes and intellectual environments. It is a staple of Hindi literature (Sahitya), where authors explore the complexities of human nature and the destructive power of negative emotions. In classic novels by Premchand or modern short stories, दुर्भाव is often the catalyst for a plot's conflict.

News and Media: In the news, specifically in political reporting, you will hear anchors and commentators talk about 'राजनीतिक दुर्भाव' (political malice). This usually refers to the government targeting the opposition or vice versa, implying that the actions are not for the public good but out of spite.

विपक्ष ने सरकार पर दुर्भावपूर्ण कार्रवाई का आरोप लगाया। (The opposition accused the government of malicious action.)

Spiritual and Ethical Discourses: During 'Pravachans' (spiritual discourses) or yoga sessions, teachers often speak about purifying the 'Antahkaran' (inner self) by removing दुर्भाव. It is viewed as a spiritual obstacle that prevents one from attaining peace or enlightenment.

सच्चे धर्म में किसी के प्रति दुर्भाव के लिए जगह नहीं है। (In true religion, there is no place for ill-will toward anyone.)

Formal Debates: In academic or formal debates, दुर्भाव is used to criticize an opponent's line of reasoning if it seems biased or personally motivated rather than logically sound.

हमें आलोचना को दुर्भाव से मुक्त रखना चाहिए। (We should keep criticism free from malice.)

पड़ोसी देशों के बीच का दुर्भाव व्यापार को प्रभावित करता है। (Ill-will between neighboring countries affects trade.)

मन का दुर्भाव स्वास्थ्य के लिए हानिकारक है। (Ill-will of the mind is harmful to health.)

One of the most common mistakes learners make with दुर्भाव (Durbhaav) is confusing it with 'Gussa' (anger). While anger is a basic emotion that can be healthy and temporary, दुर्भाव is a character trait or a settled state of mind that is inherently negative and harmful. You wouldn't say 'मुझे दुर्भाव आ रहा है' (I am getting ill-will) like you would say 'मुझे गुस्सा आ रहा है.' Instead, दुर्भाव 'होता है' (exists) or is 'रखा जाता है' (is kept/harbored).

Misusing Postpositions: Learners often forget to use 'के प्रति' (towards) and mistakenly use 'पर' (on). For example, 'उस पर दुर्भाव' is incorrect; it should be 'उसके प्रति दुर्भाव'.

गलत: वह मुझसे दुर्भाव करता है। (Wrong: He 'does' ill-will with me.)
सही: उसके मन में मेरे प्रति दुर्भाव है। (Right: He has ill-will toward me in his mind.)

Confusing with 'Durbhaagya': Because they both start with the prefix 'Dur-', beginners sometimes confuse दुर्भाव (ill-will) with 'दुर्भाग्य' (Durbhaagya - misfortune). Remember: Bhaav = Feeling, Bhaagya = Fate.

शिक्षक को छात्रों के प्रति दुर्भाव नहीं रखना चाहिए। (A teacher should not harbor ill-will toward students.)

Noun vs. Adjective: Another mistake is using दुर्भाव as an adjective. If you want to say 'a malicious person,' you should use 'दुर्भावनापूर्ण व्यक्ति' or 'दुर्भावी' (though rare). दुर्भाव is the feeling itself.

उसका व्यवहार दुर्भावपूर्ण था। (His behavior was malicious.)

बिना किसी दुर्भाव के अपनी बात कहें। (State your point without any ill-will.)

Understanding the synonyms of दुर्भाव (Durbhaav) helps in choosing the right word for the right nuance. While दुर्भाव is a general term for ill-will, other words offer more specific meanings.

Comparison with 'Dwesh' (द्वेष): 'Dwesh' is very close to दुर्भाव but often has a stronger connotation of deep-seated hatred or animosity. While दुर्भाव can be a passing bad intention, 'Dwesh' is usually a long-term burning resentment.

मन में द्वेष पालना स्वयं को जलाने जैसा है। (Nurturing animosity in the mind is like burning oneself.)

Comparison with 'Irshya' (ईर्ष्या): 'Irshya' means jealousy or envy. You might have दुर्भाव (ill-will) because of 'Irshya' (jealousy). 'Irshya' is the reason; दुर्भाव is the resulting negative feeling toward the person.

हमें दुर्भाव छोड़कर सद्भाव अपनाना चाहिए। (We should leave ill-will and adopt goodwill.)

Comparison with 'Shatruta' (शत्रुता): 'Shatruta' means enmity or hostility. It is more about the relationship between two people (being enemies), whereas दुर्भाव is the internal feeling that one person carries.

पुरानी शत्रुता के बावजूद उसके मन में कोई दुर्भाव नहीं था। (Despite old enmity, he had no ill-will in his mind.)

बैर (Bair) is another synonym, often used in poetry to mean a long-standing grudge.

कुढ़न (Kudhan) is a more informal word for the irritation or simmering resentment one feels.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The prefix 'Dur-' is cognate with the English prefix 'Dys-' (as in dysfunction) and the Greek 'Dus-'. So, 'Durbhaav' is etymologically a 'dys-feeling'!

발음 가이드

UK /dʊrˈbʱɑːv/

US /dʊrˈbɑːv/

The stress is on the second syllable 'Bhaav'.

라임이 맞는 단어

प्रभाव (Prabhaav - effect) स्वभाव (Swabhaav - nature) अभाव (Abhaav - lack) बचाव (Bachaav - rescue) तनाव (Tanaav - tension) लगाव (Lagaav - attachment) बहाव (Bahaav - flow) पड़ाव (Padaav - halt)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'bh' as 'b' (missing the aspiration).
Making the 'u' in 'Dur' too long.
Confusing the dental 'd' with the English alveolar 'd'.

난이도

독해 3/5

The word is common in literature and news, making it essential for B1+ readers.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct use of postpositions like 'ke prati'.

말하기 4/5

Mainly used in serious or formal discussions; sounds out of place in very casual chat.

듣기 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but can be confused with similar-sounding words.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

भाव (Bhaav) बुरा (Bura) मन (Man) प्रति (Prati) रखना (Rakhna)

다음에 배울 것

सद्भाव (Sadbhaav) द्वेष (Dwesh) प्रतिशोध (Pratishodh) दुर्भावनापूर्ण (Durbhaavnapurna) वमनस्य (Vamanasya)

고급

अमर्ष (Amarsh) विद्वेष (Vidwesh) निर्वैर (Nirvair) समतत्व (Samatatva) चित्त-शुद्धि (Chitt-shuddhi)

알아야 할 문법

Use of 'Ke Prati' with emotions.

राम के प्रति दुर्भाव (Ill-will toward Ram).

Masculine gender agreement for abstract nouns.

गहरा दुर्भाव (Deep ill-will).

Compound verbs with 'Dena' for removal.

दुर्भाव निकाल देना (To remove ill-will).

Adverbial suffix '-vash'.

दुर्भाववश (Out of ill-will).

Negation with 'Bina'.

बिना दुर्भाव के (Without ill-will).

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수준별 예문

उसके मन में दुर्भाव है।

There is ill-will in his mind.

'Man mein' (in the mind) is a common location for 'Durbhaav'.

दुर्भाव अच्छी बात नहीं है।

Ill-will is not a good thing.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

क्या तुम दुर्भाव रखते हो?

Do you keep (harbor) ill-will?

'Rakhna' (to keep) is the verb used for harboring feelings.

वह दुर्भाव से बोलता है।

He speaks with ill-will.

'Se' indicates the manner of speaking.

मेरे पास कोई दुर्भाव नहीं है।

I have no ill-will.

Using 'paas' to show possession of a feeling (though 'man mein' is more common).

छोटा बच्चा दुर्भाव नहीं जानता।

A small child does not know ill-will.

'Jaanna' (to know) used to show lack of experience with an emotion.

राम और श्याम में दुर्भाव है।

There is ill-will between Ram and Shyam.

'Mein' here implies 'between' the two.

हमें दुर्भाव भूल जाना चाहिए।

We should forget ill-will.

'Bhool jaana' (to forget) used as a compound verb.

पड़ोसी के प्रति दुर्भाव मत रखो।

Do not harbor ill-will toward the neighbor.

'Ke prati' is the standard way to say 'toward someone'.

खेल में दुर्भाव नहीं होना चाहिए।

There should be no ill-will in sports.

'Hona chahiye' expresses a moral obligation.

उसने दुर्भाव से मेरा खिलौना तोड़ा।

He broke my toy out of ill-will.

'Se' here means 'out of' or 'because of'.

क्या आपके मन में मेरे लिए दुर्भाव है?

Is there ill-will for me in your mind?

'Mere liye' (for me) can sometimes replace 'mere prati'.

कहानी में विलेन के मन में दुर्भाव था।

In the story, the villain had ill-will in his mind.

Past tense 'tha' used for a state.

सच्चे दोस्त दुर्भाव नहीं रखते।

True friends do not harbor ill-will.

Plural subject 'dost' with plural verb 'rakhte'.

गुस्सा और दुर्भाव अलग होते हैं।

Anger and ill-will are different.

'Alag hona' means to be different.

हमें सबके लिए सद्भाव रखना चाहिए, दुर्भाव नहीं।

We should have goodwill for everyone, not ill-will.

Contrast between 'Sadbhaav' and 'Durbhaav'.

किसी के प्रति दुर्भाव रखना मानसिक तनाव बढ़ाता है।

Harboring ill-will toward someone increases mental stress.

Gerundial use of 'rakhna' as the subject.

उसकी शिकायत दुर्भाव से प्रेरित थी।

His complaint was motivated by malice.

'Se prerit' is a common phrase meaning 'motivated by'.

बिना किसी दुर्भाव के, उसने सच बता दिया।

Without any ill-will, he told the truth.

'Bina kisi... ke' means 'without any...'.

राजनीतिक दुर्भाव के कारण विकास रुक गया।

Development stopped due to political ill-will.

'Ke kaaran' indicates causality.

हमें अपने मन से पुराना दुर्भाव निकाल देना चाहिए।

We should remove old ill-will from our minds.

'Nikaal dena' is a compound verb meaning 'to remove'.

क्या यह निर्णय दुर्भावपूर्ण है?

Is this decision malicious?

Adjective form 'Durbhaavnapurna'.

दोनों परिवारों के बीच वर्षों से दुर्भाव चला आ रहा है।

Ill-will has been continuing between the two families for years.

'Chala aa raha hai' indicates a long-standing tradition or state.

सफलता मिलने पर कुछ लोगों में दुर्भाव पैदा हो जाता है।

When success is achieved, ill-will arises in some people.

'Paida ho jaana' means 'to be born' or 'to arise'.

न्यायालय ने स्पष्ट किया कि अधिकारी का कोई व्यक्तिगत दुर्भाव नहीं था।

The court clarified that the officer had no personal ill-will.

'Vyakitgat' (personal) modifies 'Durbhaav'.

सांप्रदायिक दुर्भाव समाज की जड़ों को खोखला कर देता है।

Communal ill-will hollows out the roots of society.

Metaphorical usage in a social context.

आलोचना को दुर्भाव से मुक्त होना चाहिए।

Criticism should be free from malice.

'Se mukt' means 'free from'.

उसने दुर्भाववश मेरे प्रोजेक्ट में बाधा डाली।

He obstructed my project out of ill-will.

'Durbhaav-vash' is an adverbial form meaning 'under the influence of ill-will'.

हृदय की शुद्धता के लिए दुर्भाव का त्याग आवश्यक है।

Renunciation of ill-will is necessary for purity of heart.

'Tyaag' (renunciation) is a formal noun.

मीडिया को दुर्भावपूर्ण ख़बरों से बचना चाहिए।

Media should avoid malicious news.

'Se bachna' means 'to avoid'.

उनके बीच का दुर्भाव अब दुश्मनी में बदल चुका है।

The ill-will between them has now turned into enmity.

'Mein badal chuka hai' indicates a completed transformation.

क्षमा करने से मन का दुर्भाव समाप्त हो जाता है।

By forgiving, the ill-will of the mind ends.

'Samaapt ho jaana' means 'to come to an end'.

साहित्य में दुर्भाव को अक्सर पतन का कारण दिखाया गया है।

In literature, ill-will is often shown as the cause of downfall.

Passive construction 'dikhaya gaya hai'.

क्या यह संभव है कि हम पूरी तरह दुर्भाव-रहित समाज बना सकें?

Is it possible that we can create a completely ill-will-free society?

'Rahit' (without/free from) is a suffix used for negation.

बौद्ध दर्शन के अनुसार, दुर्भाव अज्ञानता की उपज है।

According to Buddhist philosophy, ill-will is a product of ignorance.

'Ki upaj' means 'product of' or 'born from'.

लेखक ने पात्रों के मानसिक दुर्भाव का सूक्ष्म चित्रण किया है।

The author has done a subtle portrayal of the characters' mental ill-will.

'Sukshma chitran' (subtle portrayal) is a high-level literary phrase.

राजनीतिक प्रतिशोध और दुर्भाव में एक महीन रेखा होती है।

There is a fine line between political vendetta and ill-will.

'Maheen rekha' (fine line) is an idiomatic expression.

गांधीजी का मानना था कि दुर्भाव का उत्तर प्रेम से देना चाहिए।

Gandhiji believed that ill-will should be answered with love.

'Ka uttar... se dena' means 'to answer... with'.

मनुष्य के अंतःकरण में छिपा दुर्भाव उसके स्वास्थ्य को क्षीण करता है।

The hidden ill-will in a human's inner self weakens their health.

'Antahkaran' (inner self) and 'ksheen' (to weaken/diminish) are academic terms.

प्रशासकीय निर्णयों में दुर्भाव की कोई जगह नहीं होनी चाहिए।

There should be no place for malice in administrative decisions.

'Prashaaskiya' (administrative) is a formal adjective.

दुर्भाव की अग्नि में जलने वाला व्यक्ति स्वयं को ही राख कर लेता है।

A person burning in the fire of ill-will turns himself into ashes.

Highly metaphorical/poetic language.

उसकी दलीलों में निहित दुर्भाव को पहचानना कठिन नहीं था।

It was not difficult to recognize the malice inherent in his arguments.

'Nihit' (inherent) is a very formal Sanskritized word.

क्या दुर्भाव का पूर्ण उन्मूलन मानव स्वभाव के विरुद्ध है?

Is the complete eradication of ill-will against human nature?

'Unmoolan' (eradication) and 'viruddh' (against) are academic terms.

ऐतिहासिक वृत्तांतों में राज्यों के बीच के दुर्भाव के विनाशकारी परिणाम मिलते हैं।

Historical accounts show disastrous consequences of ill-will between states.

'Vrittaant' (account) and 'vinaashkaari' (disastrous) are C2-level words.

उसकी मुस्कान के पीछे छिपा दुर्भाव अत्यंत विषैला था।

The ill-will hidden behind his smile was extremely poisonous.

'Vishaila' (poisonous) used metaphorically.

आध्यात्मिक गुरु ने दुर्भाव को 'चित्त का विकार' बताया।

The spiritual guru described ill-will as a 'disorder of the mind/consciousness.'

'Chitt ka vikaar' is a technical term in Indian philosophy.

संविधान का उद्देश्य नागरिकों के बीच दुर्भाव को कम कर बंधुत्व बढ़ाना है।

The purpose of the Constitution is to reduce ill-will among citizens and increase fraternity.

'Bandhutva' (fraternity) is a constitutional term.

दुर्भावमुक्त हृदय ही सच्ची शांति का अनुभव कर सकता है।

Only a heart free from ill-will can experience true peace.

'Durbhaavmukt' is a complex compound word.

자주 쓰는 조합

मन में दुर्भाव (Man mein durbhaav)

दुर्भाव रखना (Durbhaav rakhna)

दुर्भाव से प्रेरित (Durbhaav se prerit)

व्यक्तिगत दुर्भाव (Vyakitgat durbhaav)

राजनीतिक दुर्भाव (Rajneetik durbhaav)

दुर्भाव मिटाना (Durbhaav mitana)

दुर्भाव पालना (Durbhaav paalna)

सांप्रदायिक दुर्भाव (Saampradaayik durbhaav)

दुर्भावपूर्ण व्यवहार (Durbhaavnapurna vyavhaar)

दुर्भाव का त्याग (Durbhaav ka tyaag)

자주 쓰는 구문

बिना किसी दुर्भाव के

— Without any malice or ill-intent.

उसने बिना किसी दुर्भाव के सच कहा।

दुर्भाव के वशीभूत होकर

— Under the influence of ill-will.

उसने दुर्भाव के वशीभूत होकर झूठ बोला।

मन का दुर्भाव

— The malice within one's heart.

मन का दुर्भाव चेहरे पर दिखता है।

आपसी दुर्भाव

— Mutual ill-will or hostility.

आपसी दुर्भाव को खत्म करें।

दुर्भाव फैलाना

— To spread ill-will or negativity.

वह समाज में दुर्भाव फैला रहा है।

घोर दुर्भाव

— Extreme or intense ill-will.

उसके मन में मेरे प्रति घोर दुर्भाव है।

दुर्भाव से ग्रस्त

— Afflicted by or full of ill-will.

वह व्यक्ति दुर्भाव से ग्रस्त है।

दुर्भाव का शिकार

— A victim of someone's ill-will.

मैं उसके दुर्भाव का शिकार बना।

दुर्भाव की भावना

— The feeling or sentiment of malice.

दुर्भाव की भावना से ऊपर उठें।

दुर्भाव की जड़

— The root cause of ill-will.

गलतफहमी ही दुर्भाव की जड़ है।

자주 혼동되는 단어

दुर्भाव vs दुर्भाग्य (Durbhaagya)

Durbhaagya means 'misfortune' or 'bad luck', while Durbhaav means 'ill-will'.

दुर्भाव vs दुर्व्यवहार (Durvyavhaar)

Durvyavhaar is 'bad behavior' (action), whereas Durbhaav is the 'bad feeling' (intent) behind it.

दुर्भाव vs दुर्बल (Durbal)

Durbal means 'weak'. It has the same prefix but a completely different meaning.

관용어 및 표현

"मन मैला करना"

— To harbor ill-will or to be upset with someone.

छोटी बात पर मन मैला नहीं करना चाहिए।

Informal

"ज़हर उगलना"

— To speak with extreme malice or to say bitter things.

वह हमेशा मेरे खिलाफ ज़हर उगलता है।

Informal

"गाँठ बांधना"

— To harbor a permanent grudge or ill-will.

उसने मेरी बात की मन में गाँठ बांध ली।

Neutral

"दिल में खोट होना"

— To have dishonest or malicious intentions.

उसके दिल में खोट है, उस पर भरोसा मत करो।

Informal

"आस्तीन का साँप"

— A hidden enemy who harbors ill-will.

वह तो आस्तीन का साँप निकला।

Neutral

"खून का प्यासा होना"

— To have extreme ill-will, wanting to harm someone physically.

वे एक-दूसरे के खून के प्यासे हैं।

Dramatic

"पीठ में छुरा घोंपना"

— To betray someone out of ill-will.

उसने मेरी पीठ में छुरा घोंपा।

Common

"मिट्टी में मिलाना"

— To destroy someone out of malice.

उसने मेरा करियर मिट्टी में मिला दिया।

Common

"दाँत पीसना"

— To feel extreme anger and ill-will toward someone.

वह उसे देखकर दाँत पीसने लगा।

Descriptive

"नमक मिर्च लगाना"

— To exaggerate things to cause ill-will between others.

उसने मेरी बातों में नमक मिर्च लगाकर बताया।

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

दुर्भाव vs द्वेष (Dwesh)

Both mean ill-will or animosity.

Dwesh is often more intense and implies a deep-seated hatred, while Durbhaav is a more general term for any malicious intent.

उनके बीच गहरा द्वेष है।

दुर्भाव vs ईर्ष्या (Irshya)

Both involve negative feelings toward others.

Irshya is specifically 'jealousy' or 'envy' (wanting what someone else has), while Durbhaav is wanting harm to come to them.

उसकी सफलता से मुझे ईर्ष्या नहीं है।

दुर्भाव vs क्रोध (Krodh)

Both are negative emotions.

Krodh is 'anger', which is usually temporary and reactive. Durbhaav is a lasting state of malice.

क्रोध क्षणिक होता है, पर दुर्भाव मन में बैठ जाता है।

दुर्भाव vs नफरत (Nafrat)

Both mean disliking someone.

Nafrat is 'hatred' and is a very strong, emotional word. Durbhaav is more about the 'intent' and is more formal.

मुझे झूठ से नफरत है।

दुर्भाव vs वैर (Vair)

Both refer to enmity.

Vair often implies a long-standing feud or 'enmity' that might be inherited or social. Durbhaav is more personal and internal.

साँप और नेवले में जन्मजात वैर होता है।

문장 패턴

X के पास दुर्भाव है।

उसके पास दुर्भाव है।

मन में दुर्भाव मत रखो।

X के प्रति दुर्भाव रखना बुरा है।

दुश्मन के प्रति दुर्भाव रखना बुरा है।

यह दुर्भाव से प्रेरित है।

यह निर्णय दुर्भाव से प्रेरित है।

बिना किसी व्यक्तिगत दुर्भाव के...

बिना किसी व्यक्तिगत दुर्भाव के, मैं यह कह रहा हूँ।

दुर्भाव का पूर्ण उन्मूलन आवश्यक है।

समाज से दुर्भाव का पूर्ण उन्मूलन आवश्यक है।

X और Y के बीच दुर्भाव बढ़ रहा है।

नेताओं और जनता के बीच दुर्भाव बढ़ रहा है।

दुर्भाव-रहित अंतःकरण ही सत्य को देख सकता है।

어휘 가족

명사

दुर्भावना (Durbhaavna - malicious intent)

दुर्भावी (Durbhaavi - a malicious person)

동사

दुर्भाव रखना (Durbhaav rakhna - to harbor ill-will)

형용사

दुर्भावपूर्ण (Durbhaavnapurna - malicious)

사용법

frequency

Common in written Hindi; moderate in spoken formal Hindi.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'Durbhaav' as a verb. → Using 'Durbhaav' as a noun with 'rakhna' or 'hona'.
You cannot say 'He durbhaavs me'. You must say 'He has durbhaav toward me'.
Using 'Durbhaav' for 'bad luck'. → Using 'Durbhaagya' for bad luck.
'Bhaav' is feeling; 'Bhaagya' is luck. Don't mix them up!
Using 'Durbhaav par' instead of 'Durbhaav ke prati'. → Uske prati durbhaav.
The emotion is directed 'toward' someone, not 'on' someone.
Pronouncing it as 'Durbhaao'. → Durbhaav (ending with a 'v' sound).
The final 'v' is subtle but distinct. It's not an 'o' sound.
Using 'Durbhaav' for a quick flash of anger. → Using 'Gussa' or 'Krodh'.
'Durbhaav' implies a longer-lasting, more intentional state of malice.

팁

Choose the Right Register

Use 'Durbhaav' in essays, formal letters, or when discussing serious moral issues. In daily chat, stick to 'jalan' or 'gussa'.

Master 'Ke Prati'

Always remember that 'Durbhaav' is directed toward someone using 'ke prati'. Practice: 'Dost ke prati durbhaav'.

Learn the Pair

Always learn 'Durbhaav' and 'Sadbhaav' together. They are two sides of the same coin in Hindi discourse.

Cultural Nuance

Understand that in India, 'Durbhaav' is often linked to 'Karma'. Harboring it is seen as something that will eventually hurt you more than the other person.

Legal Malice

In a legal context, 'Durbhaav' is the equivalent of 'malice'. If an action is 'durbhaav-purna', it was done with an intent to harm.

Character Motivation

When writing a story in Hindi, use 'Durbhaav' to explain why a villain is acting the way they are. It adds depth to their negative character.

Aspirate the 'Bh'

Don't say 'Baav'. Say 'Bha-av'. The breathy 'h' sound is essential for being understood.

Clearing the Air

If you've had a misunderstanding, saying 'Mere man mein koi durbhaav nahi hai' is a very polite and effective way to reconcile.

News Watching

Listen for this word in political debates on news channels like NDTV India or Aaj Tak. It's used almost every day.

Prefix Power

Learn the 'Dur-' prefix. It will help you understand dozens of other Hindi words like 'Dur-gandh' (bad smell) or 'Dur-dasha' (bad condition).

암기하기

기억법

'Dur' sounds like 'Dirty' and 'Bhaav' sounds like 'Vibe'. So, Durbhaav is a 'Dirty Vibe' you have toward someone.

시각적 연상

Imagine a dark, thorny vine growing inside a heart, reaching out toward another person. That vine is Durbhaav.

Word Web

Malice Ill-will Hostility Resentment Spite Enmity Bad Intent Antonym: Goodwill

챌린지

Try to write three sentences about a movie character who had 'Durbhaav' for the hero, but use the word 'Durbhaav' in three different grammatical positions (subject, object, and with a postposition).

어원

Sanskrit origin. It is a 'Tatpurusha' compound.

원래 의미: 'Dur' (bad/difficult) + 'Bhaav' (feeling/existence/emotion).

Indo-Aryan

문화적 맥락

Calling someone's actions 'Durbhaav-purna' is a strong accusation of bad character. Use it carefully in social settings.

In English, 'malice' sounds very legalistic, while 'ill-will' is more general. 'Durbhaav' covers both but leans toward the psychological state.

The concept of 'Durbhaav' is central to the character of Shakuni in the Mahabharata. Many of Premchand's stories, like 'Namak ka Daroga', explore the 'Durbhaav' of corrupt officials. The phrase 'Saampradaayik Sadbhaav' is a common government slogan to counter 'Durbhaav'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Politics

राजनीतिक दुर्भाव (Political malice)
दुर्भावपूर्ण कार्रवाई (Malicious action)
प्रतिशोध की भावना (Feeling of revenge)
विपक्ष के प्रति दुर्भाव (Ill-will toward the opposition)

Law

दुर्भाव सिद्ध करना (To prove malice)
बिना किसी दुर्भाव के (Without any malice)
दुर्भावपूर्ण अभियोजन (Malicious prosecution)
व्यक्तिगत रंजिश (Personal feud)

Spirituality

मन का मैल (Impurity of mind)
दुर्भाव का त्याग (Renunciation of ill-will)
अंतःकरण की शुद्धि (Purification of the inner self)
क्षमा भाव (Feeling of forgiveness)

Workplace

पेशेवर दुर्भाव (Professional ill-will)
सहकर्मियों के बीच दुर्भाव (Ill-will among colleagues)
दुर्भावपूर्ण फीडबैक (Malicious feedback)
राजनीति का शिकार (Victim of politics)

Family/Relationships

पुराना दुर्भाव (Old ill-will)
मनमुटाव (Friction/misunderstanding)
कड़वाहट (Bitterness)
दुर्भाव मिटाना (To end ill-will)

대화 시작하기

"क्या आपको लगता है कि सोशल मीडिया दुर्भाव बढ़ा रहा है?"

"अगर किसी के मन में आपके प्रति दुर्भाव हो, तो आप क्या करेंगे?"

"क्या दुर्भाव को पूरी तरह से खत्म करना संभव है?"

"क्या आपने कभी किसी के दुर्भाव का सामना किया है?"

"सद्भाव और दुर्भाव में से समाज के लिए क्या अधिक शक्तिशाली है?"

일기 주제

आज मैंने किसके प्रति दुर्भाव महसूस किया और क्यों?

मैं अपने मन से दुर्भाव निकालने के लिए क्या कदम उठा सकता हूँ?

एक ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब आपने दुर्भाव को सद्भाव में बदलते देखा।

क्या राजनीति में दुर्भाव एक आवश्यक बुराई है?

मेरे जीवन में दुर्भाव ने मुझे कैसे प्रभावित किया है?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It's a bit too formal for a small sibling spat. Use 'kudhan' or just say 'gussa'. 'Durbhaav' sounds like you have a serious, malicious plan against him!

It is strictly negative. It refers to malice and ill-will, which are considered 'vikaars' (impurities) in Indian culture.

You say 'Mere man mein koi durbhaav nahi hai' (मेरे मन में कोई दुर्भाव नहीं है).

The most common adjective is 'Durbhaavnapurna' (दुर्भावनापूर्ण), meaning 'malicious'.

Rarely. Songs usually use words like 'nafrat', 'dushmani', or 'jalan' because they are more emotional and less formal.

The direct opposite is 'Sadbhaav' (सद्भाव), which means 'goodwill' or 'harmony'.

It is a masculine noun. Example: 'Bura durbhaav' (Bad ill-will), not 'Buri durbhaav'.

No, it is specifically for human emotions and intentions. For a virus, you would use 'haanikaarak' (harmful).

Yes, it is a 'Tatsama' word, meaning it is borrowed directly from Sanskrit into Hindi.

Yes, if you are discussing a legal issue or a serious conflict of interest, it is appropriate.

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