A2 phrase 중립 #2,000 가장 일반적인 3분 분량

~のほか

no hoka ~no hoka
연습하기

Overview

The Japanese phrase '〜のほか' (pronounced '〜no hoka') is a versatile expression used to indicate addition, exception, or alternative to something previously mentioned. It literally translates to 'other than/besides [noun/clause]'. Its usage often adds nuance to sentences, allowing for more precise communication. While '〜のほか' can express both inclusion and exclusion depending on context and accompanying particles, its core meaning revolves around distinguishing or adding to a particular element.

**Indicating Addition/Inclusion (〜のほか、…も/に)**:

When followed by particles like 'も' (mo - also) or 'に' (ni - to/in), '〜のほか' highlights that something else exists or occurs in addition to the primary subject. It emphasizes that the element introduced after '〜のほか' is an extra component.

  • Example: 英語のほか、フランス語も話せます。
  • Romaji: Eigo no hoka, Furansugo mo hanasemasu.
  • English: Besides English, I can also speak French.
  • Explanation: This sentence indicates that the speaker's language abilities extend beyond just English to include French.

**Indicating Exception/Exclusion (〜のほか、…はない/ない)**:

When used with negative forms like '〜はない' (wa nai - there isn't) or '〜ない' (nai - not), '〜のほか' signifies that there is nothing else, or no one else, apart from the specified element. It creates a sense of exclusivity.

  • Example: 彼からの連絡のほか、何も知らない。
  • Romaji: Kare kara no renraku no hoka, nani mo shiranai.
  • English: Apart from the contact from him, I know nothing.
  • Explanation: This implies that the only information the speaker has is from 'him'.

**Used Independently as 'Besides that/Apart from that' (そのほか/このほか)**:

'そのほか' (sono hoka) or 'このほか' (kono hoka) can be used as standalone phrases to refer to 'besides that' or 'apart from this'. These often introduce additional points or summarize a collection of other items.

  • Example: 趣味は読書です。そのほか、映画鑑賞も好きです。
  • Romaji: Shumi wa dokusho desu. Sono hoka, eigakanshou mo suki desu.
  • English: My hobby is reading. Besides that, I also like watching movies.
  • Explanation: 'Sono hoka' acts as a transition, adding another hobby to the list.

Nuances and Similar Expressions:

  • 〜以外 (〜igai): '〜igai' is very similar to '〜no hoka' and often interchangeable, especially when indicating 'except for' or 'other than'. However, '〜igai' might lean slightly more towards exclusion, while '〜no hoka' can more explicitly include the listed item as one of many.
  • Example: 私以外、誰もいませんでした。(Watashi igai, dare mo imasen deshita.) - There was no one there except for me.
  • 〜加えて (〜ni kuwaete): '〜ni kuwaete' specifically means 'in addition to' and emphasizes adding something new. While '〜no hoka' can also express addition, '〜ni kuwaete' is more directly focused on the act of adding.
  • 〜の上に (〜no ue ni): Literally 'on top of', but can also mean 'in addition to' in more formal or literary contexts, often implying an accumulation or compounding effect.

Understanding '〜no hoka' allows for a more flexible and expressive command of Japanese, enabling you to articulate nuances of inclusion, exclusion, and additional information in various contexts.

예시

1

日本語を話せるほか、英語も話せます。

Speaking about language abilities.

Besides being able to speak Japanese, I can also speak English.

2

この本は面白いほか、とても役に立つ。

Describing the qualities of a book.

Besides being interesting, this book is also very useful.

3

彼は医者であるほか、作家でもある。

Describing someone's professions.

Apart from being a doctor, he is also a writer.

4

今日の会議には、部長のほか、課長も出席しました。

Listing attendees at a meeting.

Besides the department head, the section chief also attended today's meeting.

5

週末は、映画を見るほか、友達と食事に行きました。

Describing weekend activities.

On the weekend, besides watching a movie, I also went out to eat with friends.

자주 쓰는 조합

そのほか
このほか
ほかの

자주 혼동되는 단어

~のほか 대 ~にかけて

Can be confused as it also indicates a range or something being applied to something else, but 'のほか' focuses on exclusion or addition.

~のほか 대 ~をめぐって

Refers to revolving around something or concerning something, whereas 'のほか' is about what exists apart from or in addition to a given item.

문법 패턴

Noun + のほか Sentence (plain form) + だけでなく + Noun + も (similar meaning but more emphasis on 'not only... but also') Noun + に加えて (similar meaning for 'in addition to')

사용법

사용 참고사항

'～のほか' is typically attached to a noun or a noun phrase, often followed by a particle like 'に' (ni) or 'は' (wa), though it can also stand alone. When used with 'に' (e.g., 'AのほかにB'), it emphasizes that 'B' exists in addition to 'A.' For example, '英語のほかにフランス語も話せます' (Eigo no hoka ni Furansugo mo hanasemasu) means 'Besides English, I can also speak French.' When followed by 'は' (e.g., 'AのほかはB'), it often implies an exception, meaning 'everything except A is B' or 'other than A, B is the case.' For instance, '彼女のほかは誰も来なかった' (Kanojo no hoka wa dare mo konakatta) means 'No one came except her.' It can also be used with verbs in their plain form followed by 'こと' (koto) to nominalize them, allowing 'no hoka' to modify the action. Pay attention to the particle used after 'no hoka' as it significantly influences the nuance of addition versus exception.

자주 하는 실수

One common mistake is confusing ～のほか with ～以外 (igai), which also means 'except for' or 'other than.' While they can sometimes be used interchangeably, ～のほか often carries a nuance of 'in addition to' or 'besides,' suggesting something is included or present alongside, whereas ～以外 more strongly implies exclusion. For example, 「彼らのほか、誰もその計画を知らない」 (Karera no hoka, dare mo sono keikaku o shiranai) means 'Besides them, no one knows that plan,' indicating that 'they' are included in the group who know. If you used 「彼ら以外、誰もその計画を知らない」 (Karera igai, dare mo sono keikaku o shiranai), it would mean 'Other than them, no one knows that plan,' also implying they know, but the emphasis is more on what is excluded. Another mistake is incorrect particle usage. ～のほか always uses the particle の before ほか. It should not be directly attached to a verb in plain form without an intervening noun or nominalizer (like の). For example, you wouldn't say 「食べるほか」 (taberu hoka) to mean 'besides eating' in this context; you would need something like 「食べることに加えて」 (taberu koto ni kuwaete) or another construction. Finally, misunderstanding its dual nuance of 'besides' (meaning 'in addition to') and 'besides' (meaning 'apart from'). The context usually clarifies this, but it's important to be aware that it can convey both inclusion and exclusion depending on the phrasing and surrounding particles (e.g., ～のほかにも for 'in addition to,' and ～のほかは for 'apart from/except for').

팁

💡

Usage of 〜のほか

〜のほか can be used to express 'besides', 'apart from', or 'in addition to'. It indicates that something exists or occurs in addition to what has already been mentioned.

💡

Common mistakes

Be careful not to confuse 〜のほか with 〜だけ (only). While both involve the scope of what is being discussed, 〜のほか adds to a set, whereas 〜だけ restricts it.

💡

Example sentence

日本語のほかに、英語も話せます。(Nihongo no hoka ni, Eigo mo hanasemasu.) - Besides Japanese, I can also speak English.

어원

200+ WORDS origin history.

문화적 맥락

The Japanese phrase '～のほか' (no hoka) literally translates to 'besides' or 'apart from.' It's a versatile expression often used to introduce additional information or exceptions within a statement. Culturally, Japanese communication values nuance and completeness, and 'no hoka' allows speakers to add layers to their explanations without being abrupt. It can convey a sense of thoroughness, indicating that the speaker has considered various aspects of a situation. It's frequently encountered in both formal and informal settings, from academic writing and business discussions to casual conversations, demonstrating its broad applicability in different social contexts. The phrase can subtly imply that while certain things are true or have been mentioned, there are other relevant factors to consider, thus enriching the overall meaning.

암기 팁

The のほか construction can be remembered by breaking it down: の (no) is a possessive particle, and ほか (hoka) means 'other' or 'else.' So, literally, it can be thought of as 'of other' or 'besides that.' This implies something existing in addition to or separate from what was just mentioned. Think of it as 'in addition to what we just talked about,' or 'separate from that thing.'

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

'~のほか' (no hoka) is a Japanese phrase that translates to "besides," "apart from," or "in addition to." It is used to indicate that something exists or occurs in addition to what has already been mentioned, or to exclude something from a general statement. It can also imply that something is an exception or an extra element.

'~のほか' can be used in various ways depending on the nuance you want to convey. It often follows a noun or a noun phrase, and sometimes a verb in its plain form. For example, 「日本語のほか、英語も話せます。」 (Nihongo no hoka, Eigo mo hanasemasu.) means "Besides Japanese, I can also speak English." Another example: 「仕事のほかに、趣味もたくさんあります。」 (Shigoto no hoka ni, shumi mo takusan arimasu.) means "In addition to work, I also have many hobbies." The particle 'に' (ni) is frequently used after 'のほか' to specify the additional item or action.

Yes, '~のほか' can also be used to express an exception. For instance, 「このクラスの学生は、彼以外はみんな出席しました。」 (Kono kurasu no gakusei wa, kare igai wa minna shusseki shimashita.) While '以外' (igai) is more direct for "except for," '~のほか' can sometimes imply a similar meaning depending on the context. A more precise example for an exception using '~のほか' might be: 「この件について、あなた以外に誰か知っている人はいますか？」 (Kono ken ni tsuite, anata igai ni dareka shitteiru hito wa imasu ka?) which means "Regarding this matter, is there anyone else besides you who knows?" where it specifies who is *not* included in the group of people who know.

Yes, there are a few related phrases and variations. 'そのほか' (sono hoka) means "besides that" or "in addition to that," often used to refer back to something previously mentioned. '～のほかに' (no hoka ni) is a very common form, adding the particle 'に' to specify the additional element. You might also encounter phrases like '～だけでなく' (dake de naku) which means "not only... but also," carrying a similar sense of addition. While '～以外' (igai) specifically means "except for," the contexts can sometimes overlap, so understanding the subtle differences in nuance is important for accurate usage.

셀프 테스트

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日本語___、英語も話せます。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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この店は食べ物___、飲み物も提供しています。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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彼はピアノ___、ギターも弾けます。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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