乾く

服が乾いた。

The clothes have dried.

This is the past tense of 乾く (kawaku).

喉が乾いた。

I am thirsty.

A common phrase for expressing thirst.

タオルは乾いていますか？

Is the towel dry?

Using the -te iru form to describe a state.

雨だから、洗濯物は乾かない。

Because it's raining, the laundry won't dry.

Negative form of 乾く.

床が乾くまで待って。

Wait until the floor dries.

Using the 〜まで (until) structure.

この布はよく乾く。

This cloth dries well.

Describing the characteristic of an object.

指が乾いた。

My fingers got dry.

Describing a physical state of a body part.

髪が乾きました。

My hair has dried.

Polite past tense form.

運動の後、喉がカラカラに乾いた。

After exercising, my throat became extremely dry.

カラカラ (karakara) is an onomatopoeia for dryness/parchedness.

この部屋は日当たりが良いので、布団がよく乾く。

Because this room gets good sunlight, futons dry well here.

Using 〜ので (because) to explain why something dries well.

傘はもう乾いたから、しまおう。

The umbrella has already dried, so let's put it away.

Using 〜から (since/because) for a reason.

雨が止んだら、地面がすぐに乾くだろう。

When the rain stops, the ground will probably dry quickly.

Using 〜だろう (probably/will likely) for a prediction.

この服は洗濯機で洗っても乾きにくい。

This clothing is hard to dry even when washed in the washing machine.

Using 〜にくい (difficult to do) with the verb stem.

乾いたパンは硬い。

Dry bread is hard.

Using the past tense form as an adjective.

汗で濡れたシャツが乾いていく。

The shirt wet with sweat is drying.

Using 〜ていく (to go on doing) to show a gradual process.

唇が乾いたので、リップクリームを塗った。

My lips became dry, so I applied lip balm.

Connecting two clauses with a reason and action.

長雨のせいで、洗濯物がなかなか乾かず困っている。

Because of the long rain, I'm having trouble because the laundry is not drying well.

Using 〜せいで (due to/because of - often negative consequence) and 〜ず (not doing).

この地域は夏になると空気が極度に乾燥するため、火災に注意が必要です。

Because the air in this region becomes extremely dry in the summer, caution is needed for fires.

Using 〜ため (because/due to - more formal) and expressing a warning.

彼は仕事で疲れて、喉が乾いているのを忘れていたらしい。

He was tired from work and apparently forgot that his throat was dry.

Using 〜らしい (apparently/it seems) and 〜ているのを忘れる (to forget that one is doing).

食器を洗った後、自然に乾くまで待つのが一番良い。

After washing the dishes, it's best to wait until they dry naturally.

Using 〜のが一番良い (it is best to do).

乾燥機を使えば、どんな天気でも服はすぐに乾く。

If you use a dryer, clothes will dry quickly regardless of the weather.

Using 〜ば (if/when) for a conditional statement.

長時間の飛行機移動で、肌が乾燥してしまった。

My skin became dry due to the long airplane journey.

Using 〜てしまった (did something unintentionally/regrettably).

この小説は、登場人物の心が乾いていく様子を描いている。

This novel depicts the state of the characters' hearts becoming dry.

Figurative use of 乾く for emotional state.

汗をかいた後、風に当たると体が乾いていくのを感じた。

After sweating, I felt my body drying as I was exposed to the wind.

Using 〜ていく to describe a process happening to the body.

極端な乾燥状態が続くと、植物の生育に悪影響を及ぼし、やがて大地は乾ききってしまうだろう。

If extreme dry conditions continue, it will adversely affect plant growth, and eventually, the land will become completely dry.

Using 〜を及ぼす (to affect/cause) and 〜きってしまう (to completely do).

彼は長年、人間関係において心が乾ききっていたと語った。

He stated that his heart had become completely dry in his relationships for many years.

Figurative use with 〜きっていた (past perfect of 'to completely dry').

この地域では、湿度が低いため、革製品は定期的に手入れをしないとすぐに乾いてひび割れてしまう。

In this region, because the humidity is low, leather products will quickly dry out and crack if not regularly maintained.

Using 〜ないと (if not) and 〜てしまう (unintentionally/regrettably).

彼女は、長引く闘病生活で心身ともに乾ききっていたが、友人たちの支えで再び生きる希望を見出した。

She was physically and mentally dried out from her prolonged illness, but found hope for life again with the support of her friends.

Using 〜きっていた (completely dried) and 〜見出した (found/discovered).

この伝統的な製法では、魚を天日でじっくりと乾かすことで、旨味を凝縮させる。

In this traditional manufacturing method, the flavor is concentrated by slowly drying the fish in the sun.

While this uses 乾かす, it's a related concept of drying for preservation.

現代社会では、情報過多により精神的な余裕がなくなり、心が乾きやすくなっているのかもしれない。

In modern society, due to information overload, mental余裕 (yoyu -余裕) is lost, and hearts may become dry more easily.

Discussing a societal trend and its emotional impact.

炎天下で長時間作業したせいで、彼の体は乾ききっていた。

Due to working for a long time under the blazing sun, his body was completely dried out.

Emphasizing extreme dryness using 〜きっていた.

長期間の禁酒により、体内の水分が不足し、喉が乾いて仕方がない状態になった。

Due to a long period of abstaining from alcohol, his body became dehydrated, and he was unbearably thirsty.

Explaining a cause and effect relationship with a strong feeling.

彼の詩は、都会の喧騒の中で失われゆく人間性の乾きを、鮮烈な言葉で描き出している。

His poetry vividly depicts the dryness of humanity, which is being lost amidst the hustle and bustle of the city, using striking language.

Figurative language, focusing on abstract concepts like 'humanity's dryness'.

長引く干ばつにより、大地は乾ききり、かつて緑豊かだった土地も砂漠化の危機に瀕している。

Due to the prolonged drought, the land has become completely dry, and even the once verdant land is facing the crisis of desertification.

Using 〜きり (completely) and 〜瀕している (is facing/on the verge of).

情報化社会における人間関係の希薄化は、個々人の精神的な乾きを増幅させ、孤独感を深める一因となっている。

The thinning of human relationships in the information society amplifies individuals' spiritual dryness, becoming a factor that deepens feelings of loneliness.

Discussing societal issues and their psychological impact with nuanced vocabulary.

その作家は、登場人物の内面の乾きを、繊細かつ痛切な筆致で描き出すことに定評がある。

That author is renowned for depicting the inner dryness of characters with a delicate and poignant brushstroke.

Using 〜定評がある (is renowned for) and descriptive adjectives.

極度のストレスや疲労が蓄積すると、身体の恒常性が失われ、あらゆる組織が乾ききってしまう危険性がある。

When extreme stress and fatigue accumulate, the body's homeostasis is lost, and there is a risk that all tissues will become completely dried out.

Discussing physiological consequences with technical terms.

彼は、長年の創作活動の末に、自身の内なる表現の源泉が乾ききってしまった感覚に苛まれていた。

After many years of creative activity, he was tormented by the feeling that the source of his inner expression had completely dried up.

Describing a creative block and its emotional toll.

この砂漠地帯では、わずかな水分さえも貴重であり、乾くことの恐ろしさを肌で感じることができる。

In this desert region, even the slightest amount of moisture is precious, and one can feel the terror of drying out firsthand.

Emphasizing the severity of the situation and personal experience.

現代社会における過剰な情報発信は、人々の感性を鈍らせ、心の乾きを招く一因となっていると指摘されている。

It is pointed out that excessive information dissemination in modern society dulls people's sensibilities and contributes to a dryness of the heart.

Critiquing societal trends and their psychological effects.

彼の文学作品は、現代社会における精神的乾涸（かんこ）と、そこから生じる人間の根源的な孤独感を、象徴的かつ多層的に描き出している。

His literary works symbolically and multi-layeredly depict the spiritual dryness in modern society and the fundamental human loneliness arising from it.

Using a more literary term 乾涸 (kanko) for dryness, and discussing deep philosophical themes.

長年にわたる過酷な環境下での生活は、彼の肉体だけでなく、精神までも乾ききらせ、人間性を剥奪するかのようであった。

Life in harsh conditions for many years had dried out not only his body but also his spirit, as if stripping him of his humanity.

Using 〜させ (causative) and 〜かのようであった (as if it were).

この芸術家の作品群は、都市化の進展に伴う自然の乾きと、それに対する人間の無関心を、強烈なコントラストで表現している。

This artist's body of work expresses the dryness of nature accompanying urbanization and humanity's indifference to it, in intense contrast.

Discussing artistic expression, societal impact, and abstract concepts.

彼女の回想録は、抑圧された環境下で培われた深い精神的乾きと、そこからの解放を求める切実な叫びを克明に綴っている。

Her memoir meticulously chronicles the deep spiritual dryness cultivated in an oppressive environment and the earnest cry for liberation from it.

Using 〜培われた (cultivated/nurtured) and 〜切実な (earnest/urgent).

文明の進歩がもたらす恩恵の一方で、我々はしばしば、自然との繋がりが失われ、精神の乾きという代償を支払っているのではないか。

While civilization's progress brings benefits, aren't we often paying the price of spiritual dryness, having lost our connection with nature?

Philosophical reflection and rhetorical questioning.

この文学作品における登場人物たちの乾ききった魂は、現代社会における人間存在の脆弱さと虚無感を浮き彫りにしている。

The utterly dried-out souls of the characters in this literary work highlight the fragility and nihilism of human existence in contemporary society.

Using 〜浮き彫りにしている (is highlighting/bringing to light).

長期間にわたる砂漠化の進行は、単に土地が乾くだけでなく、そこに息づく文化や生命の総体をも蝕んでいく。

The progression of desertification over a long period does not merely dry out the land but also erodes the entirety of the culture and life that breathes there.

Discussing the far-reaching consequences of environmental degradation.

彼は、自己の内なる創造力の枯渇、すなわち表現の乾きに直面し、新たな境地を切り開くための苦悩を続けている。

He faces the depletion of his inner creative power, that is, the dryness of expression, and continues to struggle to forge a new frontier.

Using 〜枯渇 (depletion/exhaustion) and 〜境地を切り開く (to forge a new frontier).