A2 noun #2,000 가장 일반적인 13분 분량

~口

entrance, exit

-guchi
At the A1 level, the suffix ~口 is introduced primarily as a crucial component of basic survival vocabulary, specifically for navigating physical spaces. Beginners must learn to recognize and pronounce the words 入口 (iriguchi - entrance) and 出口 (deguchi - exit). These are among the most frequently encountered kanji compounds in Japan, plastered on signs in every store, train station, and public building. Recognizing these characters is essential for basic mobility and avoiding the embarrassment or danger of walking through the wrong doors. At this stage, the focus is heavily on rote memorization of these two specific words rather than understanding the broader grammatical function of the suffix. Learners are taught to look for these signs to find their way in and out of locations. The phonetic shift (rendaku) from 'kuchi' to 'guchi' is introduced as a fixed pronunciation for these specific words, without necessarily delving into the complex linguistic rules behind it. Simple sentences like '入口はどこですか' (Where is the entrance?) and '出口はあそこです' (The exit is over there) form the core of the practice. Mastery at this level means being able to visually identify the signs and ask for basic directions related to entering and exiting a building or station.
Progressing to the A2 level, learners expand their understanding of the suffix ~口 to include directional markers, which are absolutely vital for navigating Japan's complex railway systems. Vocabulary such as 東口 (higashiguchi - east exit), 西口 (nishiguchi - west exit), 南口 (minamiguchi - south exit), and 北口 (kitaguchi - north exit) are introduced. This allows learners to specify exact meeting points and follow more detailed directions. The concept of rendaku (the 'guchi' pronunciation) is reinforced as a consistent pattern across these directional terms. Additionally, the word 窓口 (madoguchi - service counter/window) is introduced, enabling learners to handle basic administrative tasks, such as asking for help at a station or a post office. At this stage, the metaphorical use of the suffix in culinary contexts also begins to appear. Learners are introduced to 甘口 (amakuchi - sweet/mild) and 辛口 (karakuchi - spicy/dry) to help them navigate menus and food packaging, particularly when ordering popular dishes like curry or purchasing beverages. The ability to express basic flavor preferences using these terms marks a significant step in conversational ability and cultural integration.
At the B1 level, the application of the suffix ~口 broadens significantly, moving beyond simple physical locations to encompass more abstract and functional concepts. Learners encounter words like 改札口 (kaisatsuguchi - ticket gate) and 非常口 (hijouguchi - emergency exit), which are essential for safety and daily commuting. The understanding of 窓口 (madoguchi) deepens; it is no longer just a physical window but represents the concept of a point of contact or a liaison for a business or organization. For example, learners might use the phrase '相談窓口' (soudan madoguchi - consultation desk). The grammatical structure of using the particle 'no' to connect these nouns to other concepts is practiced extensively. Furthermore, the metaphorical usage expands into social interactions. Words like 悪口 (waruguchi - bad-mouthing) and 陰口 (kageguchi - talking behind someone's back) are introduced, allowing learners to understand and participate in more complex interpersonal conversations and narratives. This level marks the transition from using the suffix purely for physical navigation to using it to describe social dynamics and administrative functions, reflecting a more nuanced grasp of the Japanese language.
Reaching the B2 level, learners are expected to wield the suffix ~口 with considerable flexibility, understanding its deeper metaphorical implications and idiomatic usages. The concept of the suffix representing an 'opening' or 'opportunity' becomes prominent. Vocabulary such as 就職の口 (shuushoku no kuchi - job opening) or 働き口 (hatarakiguchi - place of employment) is integrated into discussions about careers and the economy. The culinary terms 甘口 (amakuchi) and 辛口 (karakuchi) are now understood not just as literal flavor profiles, but as descriptors for personality traits or styles of critique. For instance, a learner at this level can comprehend and use the phrase '辛口の評価' (karakuchi no hyouka - harsh evaluation) to describe a strict review or a biting comment. The vocabulary expands to include more specialized physical openings, such as 登山口 (tozanguchi - trailhead) or 坑口 (kouguchi - mine entrance), reflecting an ability to discuss a wider range of topics and hobbies. Mastery at the B2 level involves seamlessly transitioning between the literal and figurative meanings of the suffix, demonstrating a sophisticated understanding of how physical concepts are mapped onto abstract ideas in Japanese thought.
At the C1 level, the usage of the suffix ~口 becomes highly nuanced and deeply integrated into complex, abstract discourse. Learners encounter advanced vocabulary and idiomatic expressions that require a profound understanding of Japanese cultural and linguistic context. Words like 糸口 (itoguchi - clue, beginning, first step) are used in analytical or investigative contexts, such as '解決の糸口を見つける' (to find a clue to the solution). The suffix is also seen in terms related to negotiation and mediation, such as 口利き (kuchikiki - mediation, using one's influence), where the 'mouth' represents the act of speaking on someone's behalf to open a door of opportunity. Learners at this level can comfortably read and comprehend literature, news articles, and professional documents that utilize these advanced compounds. They understand the subtle differences in register and tone when choosing between various compounds. The ability to use these terms accurately in writing and formal speech demonstrates a near-native command of the language's metaphorical structures and a deep appreciation for the versatility of foundational kanji.
At the pinnacle of proficiency, the C2 level, learners possess a comprehensive and almost intuitive grasp of the suffix ~口, including its etymology, historical shifts in usage, and highly specialized jargon. They can effortlessly navigate obscure or domain-specific vocabulary, such as 河口 (kakou - river mouth), 港口 (koukou - harbor entrance), or 銃口 (juukou - muzzle of a gun), understanding how the core concept of an 'opening' applies across diverse fields like geography, engineering, and ballistics. At this level, learners can engage in metalinguistic discussions about the nature of rendaku and why certain compounds resist the voicing rule (e.g., why some specific regional dialects or archaic terms might retain the 'kuchi' pronunciation). They can appreciate the literary and poetic uses of the suffix in classical texts or modern avant-garde writing. The C2 learner does not merely use the vocabulary; they understand its structural role in the Japanese lexicon and can creatively coin new compounds if necessary, adhering perfectly to the phonetic and semantic rules that govern the language. Their usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.

~口 30초 만에

  • Used primarily as a suffix to denote entrances, exits, and specific directional gates at train stations, making it crucial for navigation in Japan.
  • Experiences a phonetic change known as rendaku, where the original 'kuchi' pronunciation changes to 'guchi' when attached to most preceding nouns.
  • Extends metaphorically to describe taste profiles in food and beverages, such as 'amakuchi' for sweet or mild, and 'karakuchi' for spicy or dry.
  • Can also refer to abstract openings or opportunities, such as a job opening, a contact person at a counter, or a harsh critical tone.
The Japanese suffix ~口, pronounced as either '-kuchi' or '-guchi' due to a phonetic phenomenon known as rendaku (sequential voicing), is an incredibly versatile and fundamental component of the Japanese language. At its core, the kanji 口 means 'mouth,' but when employed as a suffix, its meaning expands exponentially to encompass a wide variety of physical and metaphorical openings, entrances, exits, and points of connection. Understanding this suffix is absolutely essential for anyone navigating Japan, whether you are trying to find your way out of a sprawling metropolitan train station, selecting a bottle of sake with the perfect flavor profile, or seeking assistance at a municipal office. The most immediate and practical application of this suffix is in spatial navigation. In any Japanese building, station, or public facility, you will encounter the words 入口 (iriguchi), meaning entrance, and 出口 (deguchi), meaning exit. These are foundational vocabulary words that form the bedrock of daily life. Beyond simple entrances and exits, the suffix is heavily utilized to denote specific directional gates, particularly in the context of Japan's extensive railway network.

The main entrance is located at the 東口.

Spatial Usage
Used to indicate specific physical locations where one enters or exits a space, such as North, South, East, and West gates.
When you arrange to meet a friend at Shinjuku Station, you must specify which 'guchi' you are meeting at, such as the 東口 (higashiguchi - east exit), 西口 (nishiguchi - west exit), 南口 (minamiguchi - south exit), or 北口 (kitaguchi - north exit). Failure to specify the correct opening can result in hours of wandering.

Please proceed to the 南口 for the bus terminal.

Metaphorical Openings
The concept of a mouth extends to abstract openings, such as a service window or a point of contact for business.
Another critical physical application is the 窓口 (madoguchi), which literally translates to 'window mouth' but functions as a service counter, ticket window, or point of contact. If you go to a bank, a post office, or a city hall, you will be directed to a specific madoguchi to conduct your business.

Inquire at the 窓口 for further assistance.

Moving beyond the physical realm, the suffix takes on fascinating metaphorical dimensions. It is widely used in the culinary world to describe taste profiles, acting as an opening to the sensory experience of food and drink.

I prefer a 辛口 flavor for my curry.

Taste Profiles
Words like amakuchi (sweet) and karakuchi (spicy/dry) use this suffix to describe the initial impression or 'mouthfeel' of a consumable item.
For instance, 甘口 (amakuchi) denotes a sweet or mild flavor, often used for curry, soy sauce, or wine. Conversely, 辛口 (karakuchi) indicates a spicy, salty, or dry flavor, frequently seen on sake bottles and curry packages. The metaphorical usage extends even further into the realm of human interaction and opportunity. The word 悪口 (waruguchi) means bad-mouthing or speaking ill of someone, directly linking the mouth to the act of speech. Similarly, 陰口 (kageguchi) refers to talking behind someone's back. In the professional world, the suffix can represent an opening or opportunity, such as in 就職の口 (shuushoku no kuchi), which means a job opening or employment opportunity.

He is looking for a good 就職の口.

This demonstrates how deeply ingrained the concept of an 'opening' is in Japanese thought, bridging the gap between a physical doorway and a metaphorical gateway to a new phase of life. The richness of this suffix lies in its ability to seamlessly transition between these different domains, making it a truly indispensable tool for expression and comprehension in the Japanese language.
Mastering the usage of the suffix ~口 requires an understanding of both its grammatical function and its phonetic behavior. Grammatically, it functions as a nominal suffix, meaning it attaches to the end of other nouns, verb stems, or adjectives to create a new compound noun. The most critical phonetic rule to remember is rendaku, or sequential voicing. In the vast majority of cases, when the kanji 口 is used as a suffix, its pronunciation changes from the unvoiced 'kuchi' to the voiced 'guchi'. This phonetic shift makes the compound word easier to pronounce and flow more naturally in speech.

The pronunciation shifts to ~ぐち in most compounds.

Rendaku Rule
The transformation of 'kuchi' to 'guchi' is a hallmark of Japanese compound noun formation, facilitating smoother articulation.
For example, when combining 入 (iri - enter) and 口 (kuchi - mouth/opening), the result is 入口 (iriguchi), not irikuchi. Similarly, 出 (de - exit) and 口 combine to form 出口 (deguchi). This rule applies consistently across directional markers as well: 東口 (higashiguchi), 西口 (nishiguchi), 南口 (minamiguchi), and 北口 (kitaguchi).

The emergency exit is marked as 非常口.

Compound Formation
The suffix attaches seamlessly to verb stems (like iri and de) and nouns (like higashi and nishi) to create highly specific vocabulary.
When using these spatial terms in a sentence, they are typically followed by location particles such as で (de - indicating the location of an action) or に (ni - indicating a destination or point of existence). For instance, 'Let's meet at the east exit' would be translated as '東口で会いましょう' (Higashiguchi de aimashou). 'Please go to the exit' would be '出口に行ってください' (Deguchi ni itte kudasai).

We will gather at the 改札口 before boarding.

Beyond spatial navigation, the usage of the suffix in describing tastes requires a slightly different grammatical approach. Words like 甘口 (amakuchi) and 辛口 (karakuchi) function as nouns but are often used to modify other nouns using the particle の (no). For example, 'sweet curry' is '甘口のカレー' (amakuchi no karee), and 'dry sake' is '辛口の日本酒' (karakuchi no nihonshu).

This restaurant is famous for its 甘口 sauce.

Modifying Nouns
Taste words formed with this suffix are linked to the items they describe using the genitive particle 'no'.
Furthermore, the metaphorical usage of 辛口 (karakuchi) can extend to describe a person's speech or critique. A 'harsh comment' or 'biting criticism' can be expressed as '辛口のコメント' (karakuchi no komento). This demonstrates the flexibility of the suffix, allowing it to move fluidly from describing the physical sensation of spice on the tongue to the emotional sting of a sharp remark. When discussing job openings or opportunities, the phrase '~の口' (~ no kuchi) is employed. 'To look for a job' can be phrased as '就職の口を探す' (shuushoku no kuchi o sagasu).

Finding a good 働き口 can be challenging.

In this context, the suffix represents a gateway into a new situation or a slot that needs to be filled. By mastering these various structural patterns—from simple spatial markers to complex metaphorical modifiers—learners can significantly enhance their fluency and expressiveness in Japanese.
The suffix ~口 is ubiquitous in Japanese society, permeating almost every aspect of daily life, from the mundane routines of commuting to the nuanced discussions of culinary preferences and professional opportunities. The most prominent and unavoidable environment where you will encounter this suffix is within Japan's extensive and highly efficient public transportation system. Train stations, subway terminals, and bus depots are heavily reliant on these directional markers to guide millions of passengers safely and efficiently to their destinations.

Listen for announcements directing passengers to the 中央口.

Transportation Hubs
Stations are the primary domain for this suffix, with signs and announcements constantly referencing various exits and entrances.
As you navigate through a major hub like Tokyo Station or Osaka Station, you will be bombarded with signs pointing towards the 八重洲口 (Yaesuguchi), 丸の内口 (Marunouchiguchi), or the generic 東口 (Higashiguchi) and 西口 (Nishiguchi). Automated announcements will constantly remind passengers of which exit to use for specific transfers or local landmarks.

The ticket gates are located at the 改札口.

Public Facilities
Hospitals, city halls, and large office buildings utilize this suffix to direct visitors to the correct service counters.
Beyond the stations, any large public facility, such as a hospital, city hall, or corporate headquarters, will utilize the word 窓口 (madoguchi) to designate reception areas or service counters. When you need to register your address, pay a utility bill, or ask for information, you will be directed to the appropriate madoguchi. This usage highlights the suffix's role in facilitating bureaucratic and administrative interactions.

Please take a number and wait for your turn at the 窓口.

Another major arena where this suffix shines is the culinary world. Whether you are dining at a family restaurant, browsing the aisles of a supermarket, or enjoying a night out at an izakaya (Japanese pub), you will encounter words like 甘口 (amakuchi) and 辛口 (karakuchi).

This sake is known for its crisp, 辛口 finish.

Culinary Contexts
Menus, food packaging, and beverage labels frequently employ these terms to communicate flavor profiles to consumers.
These terms are essential for communicating your preferences and understanding what you are about to consume. Furthermore, in the realm of entertainment and media, you will often hear the metaphorical extensions of the suffix. A television critic might be described as having a 辛口 (karakuchi) style, meaning they offer harsh or biting reviews. In dramas or everyday gossip, words like 悪口 (waruguchi - bad-mouthing) and 陰口 (kageguchi - talking behind someone's back) are frequently used to describe interpersonal conflicts.

It is considered rude to speak 悪口 about your colleagues.

Finally, in the context of job hunting or business networking, the phrase '就職の口' (shuushoku no kuchi) or '働き口' (hatarakiguchi) will arise when discussing employment opportunities. This diverse range of contexts—from the physical navigation of a city to the nuanced expression of taste and social dynamics—demonstrates the indispensable nature of the suffix in everyday Japanese communication.
While the suffix ~口 is incredibly common and highly useful, it also presents several pitfalls for learners of the Japanese language. The most frequent and pervasive mistake involves the phonetic rule of rendaku (sequential voicing). Because the standalone kanji 口 is pronounced 'kuchi', many beginners incorrectly assume that it retains this pronunciation when attached to other words. This leads to common mispronunciations such as saying 'irikuchi' instead of the correct 入口 (iriguchi), or 'dekuchi' instead of 出口 (deguchi).

Ensure you voice the consonant to say いりぐち, not いりくち.

Pronunciation Errors
Failing to apply the rendaku rule is the most common phonetic mistake made by learners when using this suffix.
This error is particularly noticeable with directional exits like 東口 (higashiguchi) and 西口 (nishiguchi). While native speakers will usually understand what you mean, failing to use the voiced 'guchi' pronunciation immediately marks your speech as unnatural.

The correct pronunciation is でぐち.

Orthographic Confusion
Learners often struggle with whether to include the okurigana (accompanying hiragana) in words like iriguchi (入口 vs 入り口).
Another significant area of confusion lies in orthography, specifically the use of okurigana (the hiragana characters that follow a kanji to indicate its reading). For the word 'entrance', both 入口 and 入り口 are considered correct and are widely used. However, in formal signage and official documents, the shorter 入口 is generally preferred for its visual conciseness. Learners sometimes overthink this and assume one form is strictly incorrect, leading to unnecessary hesitation when writing.

Both 入口 and 入り口 are acceptable ways to write entrance.

Furthermore, there are conceptual mistakes related to the metaphorical usage of the suffix. When discussing taste, learners might incorrectly apply words like 甘口 (amakuchi) or 辛口 (karakuchi) to items where they don't belong. For example, while you can have amakuchi curry or amakuchi soy sauce, you wouldn't typically describe a sweet dessert like cake as amakuchi; you would simply use the adjective 甘い (amai). Amakuchi and karakuchi are generally reserved for savory dishes, sauces, and alcoholic beverages where a spectrum of sweetness or spiciness/dryness exists.

Do not use 甘口 to describe a piece of chocolate cake.

Metaphorical Misapplication
Applying taste descriptors to inappropriate food categories or misunderstanding the nuance of 'harsh criticism' versus 'spicy food'.
Finally, learners sometimes confuse the suffix with other words related to openings or barriers, such as 門 (mon - gate) or 扉 (tobira - door). While an 入口 (iriguchi) might have a door (tobira) or be located at a gate (mon), the terms are not perfectly interchangeable. The suffix specifically emphasizes the concept of the opening or the point of passage itself, rather than the physical structure that might close it.

An 入口 is the concept of the entrance, not the physical door itself.

By being aware of these common phonetic, orthographic, and conceptual pitfalls, learners can utilize this essential suffix with greater accuracy and confidence.
When expanding your Japanese vocabulary, it is crucial to distinguish the suffix ~口 from other words that share similar meanings or conceptual space. The Japanese language possesses a rich array of terms related to entrances, exits, boundaries, and openings, each carrying its own specific nuance and appropriate context. One of the most common points of comparison is with the word 門 (mon), which translates to 'gate'. While an 入口 (iriguchi - entrance) serves as a point of entry, a 門 specifically refers to a physical, often substantial, structure that marks a boundary or serves as a formal gateway.

The school is closed after hours.

Gate vs. Entrance
Mon (門) emphasizes a physical architectural structure, whereas iriguchi (入口) emphasizes the functional point of entry.
For example, a university or a temple will have a main gate (正門 - seimon), which is a grand architectural feature. The iriguchi might be located at the gate, but the term iriguchi focuses on the function of entering, while mon focuses on the structure itself. Another similar word is 扉 (tobira), meaning 'door'.

Please close the behind you.

Door vs. Entrance
Tobira (扉) refers strictly to the hinged or sliding physical barrier, not the abstract concept of the entranceway.
You open a tobira to pass through an iriguchi. Similarly, the word ドア (doa), borrowed from English, is used for Western-style doors. You would not say 'open the iriguchi'; you would say 'open the door' (ドアを開ける - doa o akeru) to allow access through the entrance. When discussing the concept of an opening or a hole, the word 穴 (ana) might come to mind. However, ana refers to a literal hole, pit, or cavity, often lacking the functional purpose of passage that the suffix implies.

There is a in my pocket.

A specialized variation of the entrance/exit concept is 出入り口 (deiriguchi), which combines both functions into a single word meaning 'doorway' or 'entrance and exit'. This is used when a single opening serves both purposes simultaneously, such as the main doorway of a small shop.

Please do not block the 出入り口.

Combined Openings
Deiriguchi (出入り口) is the precise term for a portal that functions as both an entrance and an exit.
In the metaphorical realm of taste, while 甘口 (amakuchi) means sweet or mild, the standard adjective for sweet is 甘い (amai). As mentioned earlier, amai is a general descriptor applicable to anything sweet, like candy or fruit, whereas amakuchi is a specific classification for savory items or alcohol.

This cake is very 甘い.

By understanding these subtle distinctions between gates, doors, holes, and specific flavor classifications, learners can navigate the nuances of Japanese vocabulary with much greater precision and cultural appropriateness.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

""

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

入口はどこですか。

Where is the entrance?

Basic use of the noun 入口 with the topic marker は and the question word どこ.

2

出口はあそこです。

The exit is over there.

Using 出口 as the topic of the sentence to indicate location.

3

ここが入口です。

This is the entrance.

Using the subject marker が to emphasize that 'this specific place' is the entrance.

4

出口から出てください。

Please go out from the exit.

Using the particle から to indicate the starting point of the action 'to exit'.

5

入口で待ちます。

I will wait at the entrance.

Using the particle で to indicate the location where the action of waiting takes place.

6

あのドアが入口です。

That door is the entrance.

Equating a specific object (door) with the function (entrance).

7

出口がわかりません。

I don't know where the exit is.

Using the potential/understanding verb わかる with the subject marker が.

8

入口を開けてください。

Please open the entrance.

Using the object marker を with the transitive verb 開ける.

1

東口で会いましょう。

Let's meet at the east exit.

Using the volitional form ましょう to make a suggestion.

2

南口はどちらですか。

Which way is the south exit?

Using the polite directional question word どちら.

3

西口の近くにいます。

I am near the west exit.

Using the particle の to link nouns indicating relative location.

4

北口からバスに乗ります。

I will take the bus from the north exit.

Using から for the starting point and に for boarding a vehicle.

5

カレーは甘口が好きです。

I like mild/sweet curry.

Using 甘口 as a noun to describe a preference.

6

辛口の日本酒をください。

Please give me dry sake.

Using の to modify the noun 日本酒 with the descriptor 辛口.

7

窓口で聞いてください。

Please ask at the counter.

Using で to indicate the location of the action 'to ask/inquire'.

8

中央口を出て右に行きます。

Go out the central exit and go right.

Using the te-form of the verb 出る to connect sequential actions.

1

改札口で待っています。

I am waiting at the ticket gate.

Using the present continuous form ています to indicate an ongoing state.

2

非常口を確認してください。

Please check the emergency exit.

Using the formal verb 確認する (to confirm/check).

3

銀行の窓口は3時に閉まります。

The bank windows close at 3 o'clock.

Using the intransitive verb 閉まる to describe a state change.

4

人の悪口を言ってはいけません。

You must not speak ill of people.

Using the grammar pattern てはいけません to express prohibition.

5

彼はいつも陰口を叩く。

He is always talking behind people's backs.

Using the specific collocation 陰口を叩く (to talk behind someone's back).

6

このワインは少し辛口ですね。

This wine is a little dry, isn't it?

Using the sentence-ending particle ね to seek agreement.

7

登山口まで車で行けますか。

Can we go to the trailhead by car?

Using the potential form 行ける to ask about possibility.

8

出入り口を塞がないでください。

Please do not block the doorway.

Using the negative request form ないでください.

1

良い就職の口が見つかりました。

I found a good job opening.

Using the metaphorical phrase 就職の口 for an employment opportunity.

2

彼の映画に対する評価はいつも辛口だ。

His reviews of movies are always harsh.

Using 辛口 metaphorically to mean strict or harsh criticism.

3

相談窓口に電話して聞いてみよう。

Let's try calling the consultation desk and asking.

Using the volitional form + と思う/しよう to express an intention to try something.

4

事件の解決の糸口が見つかった。

A clue to solving the case has been found.

Using the metaphorical word 糸口 (clue/beginning).

5

彼女は甘口の言葉で人を騙す。

She deceives people with sweet words.

Using 甘口 metaphorically to mean flattering or deceptive speech.

6

非常口の前に物を置くのは消防法違反です。

Placing objects in front of the emergency exit is a violation of the Fire Service Act.

Using nominalization (置くのは) to make a statement about a rule.

7

新しい働き口を探さなければならない。

I have to look for a new place of employment.

Using the obligation grammar pattern なければならない.

8

駅の南口は再開発で大きく変わった。

The south exit of the station has changed greatly due to redevelopment.

Using で to indicate the cause or reason (redevelopment).

1

社長の口利きで、その契約は成立した。

Through the president's mediation, the contract was concluded.

Using the advanced noun 口利き (mediation/influence).

2

この小説は、当時の社会問題を知るための良い糸口となる。

This novel serves as a good entry point for understanding the social issues of that time.

Using 糸口 metaphorically as an 'entry point' or 'clue' to understanding.

3

彼は辛口の評論家として広く知られている。

He is widely known as a harsh critic.

Using として to indicate a role or capacity.

4

火山の火口付近は立ち入り禁止となっている。

The area near the volcano's crater is off-limits.

Using the specialized vocabulary 火口 (crater/mouth of a volcano).

5

交渉の窓口を一本化することで、混乱を避けた。

By unifying the point of contact for negotiations, confusion was avoided.

Using 窓口 metaphorically as a 'point of contact' in a business context.

6

陰口を叩かれる筋合いはない。

I have no reason to be talked about behind my back.

Using the passive form 叩かれる with the strong expression 筋合いはない (no reason/right).

7

トンネルの坑口から冷たい風が吹き出してきた。

A cold wind blew out from the entrance of the tunnel.

Using the highly specific architectural/engineering term 坑口 (tunnel/mine entrance).

8

その発言が、思わぬ災いの糸口となった。

That remark became the trigger for an unexpected disaster.

Using 糸口 to mean the beginning or trigger of a negative event.

1

河口付近の生態系は、潮の満ち引きに大きく影響される。

The ecosystem near the river mouth is greatly influenced by the ebb and flow of the tide.

Using the geographical term 河口 (river mouth/estuary).

2

銃口を向けられた時の恐怖は、筆舌に尽くしがたい。

The terror of having a gun muzzle pointed at you is indescribable.

Using the specific term 銃口 (muzzle) and the advanced expression 筆舌に尽くしがたい (indescribable).

3

彼は巧みな口車に乗せて、高齢者から資金を騙し取った。

He tricked the elderly out of their funds by taking them for a ride with his smooth talk.

Using the related idiom 口車に乗せる (to cajole/deceive with smooth talk).

4

湾口に防波堤を建設する計画が持ち上がっている。

A plan to build a breakwater at the mouth of the bay has been proposed.

Using the specialized maritime term 湾口 (mouth of a bay).

5

異文化理解の入り口として、言語学習は極めて有効な手段である。

As a gateway to understanding different cultures, language learning is an extremely effective method.

Using 入り口 in a highly abstract, academic sense as a 'gateway' to a concept.

6

その政治家は、汚職事件の口封じのために暗躍したと噂されている。

It is rumored that the politician maneuvered behind the scenes to silence witnesses regarding the corruption scandal.

Using the related term 口封じ (silencing/hush money).

7

瓶の口が欠けているので、怪我をしないように注意してください。

The mouth of the bottle is chipped, so please be careful not to injure yourself.

Using 口 to refer to the literal opening of a container.

8

彼の辛辣な批評は、時に悪口雑言の域に達することがある。

His bitter criticism sometimes reaches the level of abusive language.

Using the four-character idiom (yojijukugo) 悪口雑言 (abusive language/profanity).

자주 쓰는 조합

東口で待ち合わせる (meet at the east exit)
窓口で尋ねる (ask at the counter)
辛口の評価 (harsh evaluation)
甘口のカレー (mild curry)
就職の口を探す (look for a job opening)
悪口を言う (speak ill of)
非常口を確認する (check the emergency exit)
改札口を通る (pass through the ticket gate)
出口に向かう (head towards the exit)
糸口を見つける (find a clue)

자주 쓰는 구문

入口はこちらです (The entrance is here)

出口はあちらです (The exit is over there)

東口でお待ちしております (I am waiting for you at the east exit)

窓口までお越しください (Please come to the counter)

辛口でお願いします (Spicy, please)

悪口は言わないで (Don't say bad things)

就職の口がない (There are no job openings)

解決の糸口が見えない (I can't see a clue to the solution)

非常口の前に物を置かないでください (Please do not place things in front of the emergency exit)

改札口で引っかかった (I got stopped at the ticket gate)

자주 혼동되는 단어

~口 vs 門 (mon - gate)

~口 vs 扉 (tobira - door)

~口 vs ゲート (geeto - gate)

관용어 및 표현

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

혼동하기 쉬운

~口 vs

~口 vs

~口 vs

~口 vs

~口 vs

문장 패턴

사용법

formality

The suffix itself is neutral and can be used in any level of formality.

historical changes

The metaphorical use of the suffix for job openings (就職の口) became more prominent during periods of economic modernization.

regional variations

Some specific local station exits might have unique names, but the use of ~口 is universal across Japan.

자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 入口 as 'irikuchi' instead of 'iriguchi'.
  • Using 甘口 (amakuchi) to describe a sweet dessert like cake.
  • Confusing 門 (mon - gate) with 入口 (iriguchi - entrance).
  • Saying 'Shinjuku Station de aimashou' without specifying an exit.
  • Using 悪口 (waruguchi) when you specifically mean talking behind someone's back.

Master the Rendaku

Always practice saying the compound words with the voiced 'guchi' sound. Repeat 'iriguchi', 'deguchi', 'higashiguchi' aloud until it feels natural. This is the fastest way to sound more like a native speaker.

Look Up at the Signs

In Japanese train stations, the directional signs for exits are almost always yellow and hang from the ceiling. Look for the kanji for East (東), West (西), South (南), or North (北) followed by 口 to find your way.

Specify the Exit

Never just say 'Let's meet at Shibuya Station.' Always specify the exact exit, such as 'Hachiko Exit' (ハチ公口) or 'South Exit' (南口). If you don't, you might spend hours looking for each other.

Check the Spice Level

When buying Japanese curry roux at the supermarket, look closely at the packaging. It will clearly state whether it is 甘口 (mild/sweet), 中辛 (medium spicy), or 辛口 (spicy). Choose according to your tolerance!

Find the Right Madoguchi

When visiting a city hall or bank, don't just stand in the middle of the room. Look for the numbered signs above the counters (窓口) or ask a staff member 'どの窓口ですか?' (Which counter is it?).

Signage vs. Text

If you are making a sign for an event, use the shorter 入口 to save space and look professional. If you are writing an essay, you can use either 入口 or 入り口, but be consistent.

Locate the Hijouguchi

Whenever you enter a new building, hotel, or restaurant in Japan, take a moment to locate the green 非常口 (emergency exit) signs. Earthquakes are common, and knowing the exit is crucial.

Avoid Waruguchi

In Japanese culture, harmony (wa) is highly valued. Engaging in 悪口 (bad-mouthing) or 陰口 (talking behind backs) is strongly frowned upon and can severely damage your reputation in a workplace or social group.

Be the Point of Contact

If you are assigned to be the liaison for a project, you might be referred to as the 窓口 (madoguchi). Take this responsibility seriously, as you are the 'face' or 'entrance' to your team for outsiders.

Expand Your Vocabulary

Once you master the physical exits, start paying attention to how the suffix is used metaphorically in news and literature, such as 糸口 (clue) or 就職の口 (job opening). This will rapidly advance your reading comprehension.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a giant MOUTH (口) swallowing you as you ENTER a building (入口), and spitting you out when you EXIT (出口). The mouth is the gateway!

어원

Derived from the pictographic kanji 口, representing an open mouth.

문화적 맥락

When used for taste (辛口), it can also mean a harsh or strict personality or critique, reflecting a cultural tendency to use sensory metaphors for social behavior.

Neutral. The suffix itself does not carry politeness, but the surrounding sentence structure dictates the formality.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"すみません、東口はどちらですか? (Excuse me, which way is the east exit?)"

"カレーは甘口と辛口、どちらが好きですか? (Do you prefer sweet or spicy curry?)"

"待ち合わせは西口の交番前でどうですか? (How about meeting in front of the police box at the west exit?)"

"この書類はどの窓口に出せばいいですか? (Which counter should I submit this document to?)"

"最近、良い就職の口がなくて困っています。(I'm having trouble because there are no good job openings lately.)"

일기 주제

Describe your daily commute, mentioning which station exits (口) you use.

Write about a time you got lost in a Japanese train station because you took the wrong exit.

Explain your favorite type of curry or sake using the terms 甘口 or 辛口.

Describe an experience dealing with a bureaucratic process at a 窓口 (counter).

Write a short story about someone finding a mysterious 入口 (entrance) in the woods.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

This is due to a phonetic rule in Japanese called 'rendaku' or sequential voicing. When two words combine to form a compound noun, the first consonant of the second word often becomes voiced to make pronunciation smoother. Thus, 'kuchi' becomes 'guchi'.

Yes, 'irikuchi' is generally considered incorrect and sounds unnatural to native speakers. You should always use the voiced 'iriguchi' for entrance.

No, 'amakuchi' is typically reserved for savory dishes (like curry) or alcoholic beverages (like sake or wine) to indicate a milder or sweeter flavor profile within that specific category. For desserts, simply use the adjective 'amai'.

There is no difference in meaning or pronunciation; both mean 'entrance'. The difference is purely orthographic. 入口 is shorter and preferred for signage, while 入り口 includes the okurigana (り) and is often used in general writing.

You must rely on station maps and the yellow directional signs hanging from the ceiling. If you are meeting someone, always confirm the specific exit (e.g., East Exit, West Exit) beforehand, as large stations have many.

While it literally means 'window mouth', in business or administration, it refers to a service counter, a reception desk, or a specific person who acts as the point of contact or liaison for a particular issue.

Yes, metaphorically. If someone gives a 'karakuchi' review or comment, it means their critique is harsh, strict, or biting, similar to how spicy food has a sharp bite.

Both involve speaking negatively about someone. However, 悪口 (waruguchi) is a general term for bad-mouthing and can be done directly to the person's face. 陰口 (kageguchi) specifically means talking behind someone's back.

Yes, the word is 非常口 (hijouguchi). You will see this written in green and white signs above doors in all public buildings in Japan.

The word for ticket gate is 改札口 (kaisatsuguchi). This is where you tap your IC card or insert your paper ticket to enter or exit the train platform area.

셀프 테스트 105 질문

writing

Translate: 'Where is the entrance?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 入口 (iriguchi) for entrance and どこですか for 'where is'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 入口 (iriguchi) for entrance and どこですか for 'where is'.

writing

Translate: 'The exit is over there.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 出口 (deguchi) for exit and あそこです for 'over there'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 出口 (deguchi) for exit and あそこです for 'over there'.

writing

Translate: 'Let's meet at the east exit.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 東口 (higashiguchi) and the particle で for location of action.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 東口 (higashiguchi) and the particle で for location of action.

writing

Translate: 'I like mild curry.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 甘口 (amakuchi) for mild/sweet flavor.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 甘口 (amakuchi) for mild/sweet flavor.

writing

Translate: 'Please ask at the counter.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 窓口 (madoguchi) for counter.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 窓口 (madoguchi) for counter.

writing

Translate: 'Please check the emergency exit.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 非常口 (hijouguchi) for emergency exit.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 非常口 (hijouguchi) for emergency exit.

writing

Translate: 'His evaluation is harsh.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 辛口 (karakuchi) metaphorically for harsh.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 辛口 (karakuchi) metaphorically for harsh.

writing

Translate: 'I found a job opening.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 就職の口 (shuushoku no kuchi) for job opening.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 就職の口 (shuushoku no kuchi) for job opening.

writing

Translate: 'I found a clue to the solution.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 糸口 (itoguchi) for clue.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 糸口 (itoguchi) for clue.

writing

Translate: 'Don't talk behind people's backs.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 陰口 (kageguchi) for talking behind backs.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 陰口 (kageguchi) for talking behind backs.

writing

Translate: 'The ecosystem of the river mouth.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 河口 (kakou) for river mouth.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 河口 (kakou) for river mouth.

writing

Translate: 'The terror of having a gun muzzle pointed at you.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Use 銃口 (juukou) for gun muzzle.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Use 銃口 (juukou) for gun muzzle.

writing

Write 'entrance' in kanji.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

入 (enter) + 口 (mouth/opening).

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

入 (enter) + 口 (mouth/opening).

writing

Write 'south exit' in kanji.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

南 (south) + 口 (mouth/opening).

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

南 (south) + 口 (mouth/opening).

writing

Write 'ticket gate' in kanji.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

改札 (ticket examination) + 口 (opening).

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

改札 (ticket examination) + 口 (opening).

/ 105 correct

Perfect score!

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