遺伝 30초 만에
- The transmission of genetic traits from parents to offspring.
- The biological basis of heredity.
- Essential in genetics, medicine, and biology.
- Covers inherited characteristics across generations.
The Japanese word 遺伝 (iden) refers to the fundamental biological process of heredity. It signifies the transmission of traits, characteristics, or predispositions from parents to their offspring through genetic inheritance. This term is crucial in scientific contexts, particularly in genetics, biology, medicine, and agriculture, where understanding the mechanisms of inheritance is paramount. For instance, in discussions about hereditary diseases, scientists meticulously study the 遺伝 patterns to identify the causes and potential treatments. Similarly, in agriculture, breeders utilize knowledge of 遺伝 to develop crops with desirable traits like disease resistance or higher yields. Beyond formal scientific discourse, 遺伝 can also appear in more general conversations about family resemblances, where people might comment on how a child has inherited certain physical features or even personality quirks from their parents. This concept underpins our understanding of how life perpetuates and diversifies across generations, forming the basis of our biological identity and diversity. The field of 遺伝学 (iden-gaku), or genetics, is dedicated to unraveling these complex processes. It's a concept that touches upon everything from the microscopic world of DNA to the macroscopic diversity of life on Earth. Understanding 遺伝 is key to comprehending advancements in personalized medicine, evolutionary biology, and even the development of new biotechnologies. The very essence of what makes us who we are, in part, is dictated by the 遺伝 we receive. This word is essential for anyone delving into scientific literature, especially in fields like health, biology, and environmental science, where discussions often revolve around inherited characteristics and their implications. It's a cornerstone concept that bridges the gap between generations, explaining both the similarities and differences we observe within families and across species. The study of 遺伝 continues to push the boundaries of scientific knowledge, offering insights into everything from disease prevention to the origins of life itself. The implications of 遺伝 extend into ethical debates surrounding genetic modification and the future of human health. It's a powerful concept that shapes our understanding of life's continuity and variation.
- Core Meaning
- Heredity, genetic inheritance, the passing down of traits.
- Contexts
- Biology, genetics, medicine, health sciences, agriculture, discussions of family traits.
- Related Fields
- Genetics (遺伝学 - idengaku), molecular biology, evolutionary biology, genetic engineering.
This research focuses on the 遺伝 of disease resistance in plants.
Understanding human 遺伝 is key to developing new medical treatments.
Her hair color is a clear example of 遺伝 from her mother.
The word 遺伝 (iden) is primarily used as a noun. It can function as the subject or object of a sentence, or it can be part of a prepositional phrase or a compound noun. In scientific and academic writing, you will frequently encounter it in phrases like 遺伝子 (idenshi - gene), 遺伝子解析 (idenshi kaiseki - gene analysis), 遺伝病 (idenbyō - genetic disease), and 遺伝的要因 (identeki yōin - genetic factors). It can also be modified by adjectives to specify the nature of the inheritance, such as 複雑な遺伝 (fukuzatsu na iden - complex inheritance) or 単一遺伝 (tan'itsu iden - single gene inheritance). In less formal contexts, it might be used with verbs like 関する (kansuru - to relate to) or 影響する (eikyō suru - to influence), as in 遺伝に関すること (iden ni kansuru koto - things related to heredity) or 遺伝に影響される (iden ni eikyō sareru - to be influenced by heredity). When discussing the act of inheriting something, the verb 受け継ぐ (uketsugu) is more common, but 遺伝 itself refers to the phenomenon of passing down. For example, one might say, この特徴は遺伝によるものです (kono tokuchō wa iden ni yoru mono desu - this trait is due to heredity). The concept of 遺伝 is often contrasted with environmental factors, leading to discussions about 遺伝と環境 (iden to kankyō - heredity and environment). The possessive particle の (no) is frequently used to link 遺伝 to specific characteristics, such as 遺伝の法則 (iden no hōsoku - laws of inheritance) or 遺伝のメカニズム (iden no mekanizumu - mechanism of inheritance). The word can also appear in more abstract discussions about evolution and adaptation. It's important to note that while 遺伝 refers to the process, 遺伝子 refers to the actual carriers of genetic information.
- Basic Structure
- Noun, typically used as subject or object.
- Common Affixes/Compounds
- 遺伝子 (gene), 遺伝病 (genetic disease), 遺伝的 (genetic - adjective form), 遺伝学 (genetics).
- With Verbs
- 関する (to relate to), 影響する (to influence), 理解する (to understand).
This study examines the 遺伝 of intelligence.
The 遺伝 of certain traits can be very complex.
We need to understand the 遺伝 factors behind this illness.
You'll most commonly encounter 遺伝 (iden) in formal and academic settings. University lectures on biology, genetics, and medicine are prime locations for this word. Scientific journals and research papers are replete with it, discussing everything from DNA sequencing to the inheritance of complex traits. Medical professionals, such as genetic counselors or doctors specializing in hereditary conditions, will use 遺伝 frequently when explaining diagnoses, risks, or treatment options to patients. In agricultural science, discussions about crop breeding, livestock improvement, and the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) will heavily feature 遺伝. News reports and documentaries covering scientific breakthroughs, health epidemics, or environmental conservation efforts might also use 遺伝 to explain the biological underpinnings of a phenomenon. For instance, a report on a new cancer treatment might discuss its effectiveness based on the patient's 遺伝 background. In a more casual, though still informed, context, you might hear it during discussions about family history or ancestry, especially when people are trying to understand why certain traits or health conditions run in their family. For example, someone might say, 'My grandfather had heart disease, and I'm concerned about the 遺伝.' Even in popular science books or articles aimed at a general audience, 遺伝 will be used to explain fundamental biological concepts. It's a word that signifies a deep dive into the biological mechanisms that shape life. You might hear it in the context of discussions about evolution, explaining how species adapt and change over time due to inherited variations. The field of forensics also sometimes touches upon 遺伝, particularly in relation to DNA analysis. In educational materials for high school or college students studying biology, 遺伝 is a core concept that will be thoroughly explained. It's a word that carries significant scientific weight and is associated with precise, technical discussions about the blueprint of life. Even in discussions about conservation efforts for endangered species, 遺伝 diversity plays a crucial role and will be mentioned.
- Academic Settings
- University lectures, scientific conferences, research papers, textbooks.
- Medical Contexts
- Hospitals, clinics, genetic counseling sessions, medical journals.
- Scientific Reporting
- Documentaries, science news, popular science articles.
- Agriculture & Biology
- Discussions on crop breeding, animal husbandry, biotechnology.
The documentary explained the 遺伝 of certain species.
A doctor discussed the 遺伝 of the condition with the patient.
Researchers are studying the 遺伝 patterns in their crop development.
One common mistake for learners is confusing 遺伝 (iden) with the verb 受け継ぐ (uketsugu - to inherit). While related, 遺伝 is the noun referring to the process of inheritance itself, whereas 受け継ぐ is the action of receiving something from a predecessor. For example, saying '私はこの才能を遺伝しました' (Watashi wa kono sainō o iden shimashita - I inherited this talent) is grammatically awkward; it should be '私はこの才能を受け継ぎました' (Watashi wa kono sainō o uketsugimashita). Another potential pitfall is misusing 遺伝 in everyday conversations about family resemblances. While it's technically correct, it can sound overly scientific or formal. In such cases, using simpler expressions might be more natural. For instance, instead of saying '彼の顔立ちは遺伝によるものだ' (Kare no kaodachi wa iden ni yoru mono da - His facial features are due to heredity), one might say '彼はお父さんにそっくりだ' (Kare wa otōsan ni sokkuri da - He strongly resembles his father). Learners might also overlook the distinction between 遺伝 (heredity) and 遺伝子 (idenshi - gene). While genes are the carriers of genetic information, 遺伝 is the broader concept of how these genes are passed down and express themselves. Using 遺伝 when referring specifically to a gene is incorrect. For example, saying 'この病気は一つの遺伝が原因です' (Kono byōki wa hitotsu no iden ga gen'in desu - This disease is caused by one heredity) should be 'この病気は一つの遺伝子が原因です' (Kono byōki wa hitotsu no idenshi ga gen'in desu - This disease is caused by one gene). Furthermore, the adjective form 遺伝的 (identeki - genetic) is often confused with the noun 遺伝. While 遺伝的 modifies nouns, 遺伝 stands alone as the subject or object. Using 遺伝 as an adjective is incorrect. For instance, '遺伝な病気' (iden na byōki) is wrong; it should be '遺伝的な病気' (identeki na byōki). Lastly, in very casual speech, people might use less precise terms. However, when aiming for accuracy, especially in academic or scientific contexts, sticking to the precise meaning of 遺伝 is crucial.
- Noun vs. Verb
- Confusing 遺伝 (noun) with 受け継ぐ (uketsugu - verb).
- Formality
- Using the scientific term 遺伝 in overly casual conversations where simpler phrasing is more natural.
- Noun vs. Compound
- Confusing 遺伝 (heredity) with 遺伝子 (idenshi - gene).
- Noun vs. Adjective
- Using the noun 遺伝 where the adjective 遺伝的 (identeki) is required.
Incorrect: 遺伝 makes us who we are.
Correct: 遺伝 is a fundamental biological process.
Incorrect: This 遺伝 disease.
Correct: This 遺伝的な disease.
While 遺伝 (iden) is the standard and most precise term for genetic inheritance, several other words and phrases can convey related meanings, often with nuances in formality or context. 遺伝子 (idenshi) means 'gene,' which is the fundamental unit of heredity. It's not a synonym for 遺伝 itself but is intrinsically linked. You inherit traits *through* genes. 血筋 (chijisuji) translates to 'lineage' or 'bloodline.' It emphasizes ancestry and the inherited family characteristics, often carrying a sense of tradition or heritage. It's less scientific than 遺伝 and more about family history and connections. For example, 'He comes from a distinguished 血筋.' 受け継ぐ (uketsugu) is a verb meaning 'to inherit' or 'to pass down.' It describes the action of receiving traits or possessions from previous generations. While 遺伝 is the phenomenon, 受け継ぐ is the act. 'My daughter 受け継ぎました my artistic talent.' 先祖伝来 (senzodenrai) means 'inherited from ancestors' or 'hereditary.' It's often used to describe traditions, customs, or objects that have been passed down through generations, but can also refer to inherited characteristics. It has a more historical or cultural connotation than 遺伝. 形質 (keishitsu) means 'trait' or 'characteristic,' often used in biology to refer to a genetically determined feature. You might discuss the 遺伝 of a specific 形質. 遺伝的 (identeki) is the adjective form, meaning 'genetic.' It's used to modify nouns, as in 遺伝的な特徴 (identeki na tokuchō - genetic characteristic). When discussing the broader concept of passing down things, not just biological traits, phrases like 引き継ぐ (hikitsugu) can be used, which is similar to 受け継ぐ but can also refer to taking over responsibilities or duties. In summary, 遺伝 is the precise scientific term for genetic inheritance. For less formal contexts or when focusing on ancestry, 血筋 might be used. For the act of inheriting, 受け継ぐ is appropriate. And for describing something as genetic, 遺伝的 is the correct adjective.
- Core Term
- 遺伝 (iden) - Genetic inheritance (noun).
- Related Noun
- 遺伝子 (idenshi) - Gene (noun).
- Focus on Ancestry
- 血筋 (chijisuji) - Lineage, bloodline (noun, less scientific).
- Focus on Action
- 受け継ぐ (uketsugu) - To inherit, to pass down (verb).
- Adjective Form
- 遺伝的 (identeki) - Genetic (adjective).
- General Inheritance
- 先祖伝来 (senzodenrai) - Inherited from ancestors (adjective/phrase, more historical/cultural).
The 遺伝 of this disease is a concern.
Her 血筋 is very old.
She 受け継ぎました her mother's kindness.
This is a 遺伝的 trait.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The concept of inheriting traits has been observed and discussed across cultures for millennia. However, the scientific understanding of the underlying mechanisms, involving genes and DNA, is a relatively recent development in human history, largely emerging in the 19th and 20th centuries with pioneers like Gregor Mendel and James Watson and Francis Crick.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing 'i' as a long vowel (like 'ee').
- Not clearly enunciating the final 'n' sound.
- Incorrect stress placement, making it sound unnatural.
난이도
Found in scientific articles, medical texts, and academic papers. Requires understanding of specialized vocabulary and complex sentence structures.
Used in scientific reports, research proposals, and formal essays discussing biological or medical topics. Precision and accuracy are key.
Common in academic discussions, medical consultations, and scientific presentations. Less common in casual conversation unless discussing family traits in a more formal manner.
Heard in lectures, documentaries, news reports on science and health, and medical advice.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Using the passive voice (〜される) when discussing the effects of genes or inheritance.
この特徴は親から遺伝される。 (Kono tokuchō wa oya kara iden sareru.) This trait is inherited from parents.
Using the particle 'の' to show possession or association, e.g., 遺伝のメカニズム (iden no mekanizumu - mechanism of inheritance).
遺伝の法則を学ぶことは重要だ。 (Iden no hōsoku o manabu koto wa jūyō da.) Learning the laws of inheritance is important.
Using the adjective form 遺伝的 (identeki) before nouns.
遺伝的な病気は複雑な場合が多い。 (Identeki na byōki wa fukuzatsu na baai ga ōi.) Genetic diseases are often complex.
Using 〜による (ni yoru) to indicate the cause or reason, often related to inheritance.
彼の才能は遺伝によるものだ。 (Kare no sainō wa iden ni yoru mono da.) His talent is due to heredity.
Using 〜に関すること (ni kansuru koto) to refer to matters or things related to a topic.
遺伝に関することなら、専門家に聞くのが一番だ。 (Iden ni kansuru koto nara, senmonka ni kiku no ga ichiban da.) If it's about heredity, it's best to ask an expert.
수준별 예문
この犬はかわいい。
This dog is cute.
Basic sentence structure.
これは私の本です。
This is my book.
Using 'desu' for identification.
私は学生です。
I am a student.
Introducing oneself.
これはペンです。
This is a pen.
Identifying common objects.
あなたは何をしますか？
What do you do?
Asking simple questions.
はい、そうです。
Yes, that's right.
Affirmative responses.
いいえ、違います。
No, that's wrong.
Negative responses.
ありがとう。
Thank you.
Expressing gratitude.
この猫はとても速く走ります。
This cat runs very fast.
Using adverbs of manner.
昨日、私は図書館に行きました。
Yesterday, I went to the library.
Past tense verbs.
彼の声はとても大きいです。
His voice is very loud.
Describing characteristics.
来週、友達が来ます。
My friend will come next week.
Future tense with 'masu' form.
この料理は少し辛いです。
This dish is a little spicy.
Describing taste.
公園で子供たちが遊んでいます。
Children are playing in the park.
Present continuous tense.
あの山はとても高いです。
That mountain is very high.
Describing size.
彼女は日本語を勉強しています。
She is studying Japanese.
Continuous action.
この病気の原因は、まだ完全に解明されていませんが、遺伝的な要因が関係していると考えられています。
The cause of this disease has not yet been fully elucidated, but genetic factors are believed to be involved.
Using passive voice and complex sentence structures, introduction of 遺伝.
新しい品種の開発には、目的とする性質の遺伝を正確に理解することが不可欠です。
In developing new varieties, it is essential to accurately understand the inheritance of desired traits.
Using nominalized verbs and formal vocabulary related to science.
両親から受け継いだ才能と、後天的に努力して身につけたスキルが組み合わさって、彼の成功につながった。
The talent inherited from his parents, combined with skills acquired through postnatal effort, led to his success.
Using conjunctions and more complex sentence flow, contrasting inherited and acquired traits.
遺伝子組み換え技術は、食糧問題の解決に貢献する可能性がある一方で、倫理的な議論も呼んでいます。
While genetic modification technology has the potential to contribute to solving food problems, it also invites ethical discussions.
Using cautionary phrases and complex clauses.
この地域では、特定の遺伝病の発生率が他の地域よりも高いことが報告されています。
It has been reported that the incidence of certain genetic diseases is higher in this region than in others.
Using formal reporting language and statistical concepts.
環境要因が遺伝子の発現にどのように影響するかを研究することは、疾患の予防策を講じる上で重要です。
Researching how environmental factors influence gene expression is important for implementing disease prevention measures.
Using abstract nouns and causal relationships.
多くの生物に見られる模様や体の形は、進化の過程における遺伝と淘汰の結果として説明できます。
The patterns and body shapes seen in many organisms can be explained as a result of inheritance and selection in the process of evolution.
Explaining scientific theories using appropriate vocabulary.
親が持っている病気のリスクが子供に遺伝するかどうかは、遺伝子検査によってある程度予測可能です。
Whether the risk of a disease that parents have is inherited by children can be predicted to some extent through genetic testing.
Discussing predictive capabilities and medical procedures.
近年のゲノム解析技術の進歩により、これまで原因不明とされていた多くの疾患における遺伝的背景が明らかになりつつある。
With the recent advancements in genome analysis technology, the genetic background of many diseases, previously considered unexplainable, is gradually being revealed.
Using advanced scientific terminology and complex sentence structures, including passive and potential forms.
特定の遺伝子型を持つ個体は、環境ストレスに対する抵抗性が高い傾向があるが、その発現はエピジェネティックな要因にも左右される。
Individuals with a specific genotype tend to have higher resistance to environmental stress, but its expression is also influenced by epigenetic factors.
Introducing concepts like genotype, phenotype, and epigenetics, using nuanced conjunctions.
農業分野では、望ましい農作物の特性を効率的に育種するために、遺伝子マーカーを利用した選抜育種が広く行われている。
In the agricultural sector, marker-assisted selection breeding, utilizing gene markers, is widely practiced to efficiently breed desirable crop traits.
Using specialized agricultural terms and specific breeding techniques.
家族歴における特定の癌の発症パターンを分析することで、集団における遺伝的リスクを評価し、早期発見のためのスクリーニングプログラムを設計することが可能になる。
By analyzing the patterns of onset of specific cancers in family history, it becomes possible to assess genetic risk in the population and design screening programs for early detection.
Discussing risk assessment, epidemiological concepts, and program design.
人類の進化における遺伝的変異の役割は計り知れず、それが種としての適応能力や多様性を決定づけてきた。
The role of genetic variation in human evolution is immeasurable, determining the species' adaptability and diversity.
Using abstract and philosophical language related to evolution and adaptation.
精神疾患の多くは、単一の遺伝子異常ではなく、複数の遺伝子と環境因子が複雑に相互作用した結果として発症すると考えられている。
Many mental illnesses are thought to develop not from a single gene abnormality, but as a result of complex interactions between multiple genes and environmental factors.
Explaining complex multifactorial conditions and interactions.
再生医療の分野では、患者自身の細胞を用いた遺伝子治療により、これまで治療が困難であった病気への新たなアプローチが模索されている。
In the field of regenerative medicine, new approaches to previously difficult-to-treat diseases are being explored through gene therapy using the patient's own cells.
Discussing cutting-edge medical technologies and therapeutic approaches.
生物多様性の保全においては、個体群の遺伝的多様性を維持することが、長期的な種の存続にとって極めて重要である。
In the conservation of biodiversity, maintaining the genetic diversity of populations is extremely important for the long-term survival of species.
Using terms related to conservation biology and ecological principles.
エピジェネティクスにおけるDNAメチル化やヒストン修飾といった後天的な遺伝子発現制御機構は、初期発生段階における細胞運命決定に不可欠であり、その異常は様々な疾患の発症リスクを高める。
Postnatal gene expression regulatory mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modification in epigenetics are indispensable for cell fate determination during early development, and their abnormalities increase the risk of developing various diseases.
Highly specialized scientific vocabulary, complex sentence structures with multiple subordinate clauses, and abstract concepts.
ゲノムワイド関連解析（GWAS）は、個人の疾患感受性や形質に関連する微量な遺伝的変異を網羅的に同定する強力な手法であるが、その結果の解釈には統計学的な厳密さと生物学的な洞察が求められる。
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are a powerful method for comprehensively identifying subtle genetic variations associated with an individual's disease susceptibility and traits, but their interpretation requires statistical rigor and biological insight.
Introducing specific scientific methodologies and highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of interpretation.
集団遺伝学の観点から、自然選択、遺伝的浮動、遺伝子流動といった進化的な駆動力がいかにして遺伝的多様性のパターンを形成し、種分化を促進するのかを理解することは、生命の複雑な歴史を紐解く鍵となる。
From the perspective of population genetics, understanding how evolutionary drivers such as natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow shape patterns of genetic diversity and promote speciation is key to unraveling the complex history of life.
Discussing theoretical frameworks in evolutionary biology and the interconnectedness of concepts.
CRISPR-Cas9などのゲノム編集技術の発展は、遺伝子治療の可能性を飛躍的に拡大させたが、同時に、生殖細胞系列への介入に伴う長期的な影響や倫理的・社会的な課題についての慎重な検討が不可欠である。
The development of genome editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 has dramatically expanded the possibilities of gene therapy, but at the same time, careful consideration of the long-term effects and ethical/social issues associated with germline intervention is essential.
Addressing cutting-edge technologies and their ethical implications, using nuanced conditional phrasing.
癌の発生と進行における腫瘍微小環境の役割は、癌細胞の遺伝的変異だけでなく、周囲の細胞や血管、免疫細胞との相互作用に起因する複雑な動態として理解されるべきである。
The role of the tumor microenvironment in the development and progression of cancer should be understood not only as genetic mutations of cancer cells but also as a complex dynamic arising from interactions with surrounding cells, blood vessels, and immune cells.
Explaining complex biological systems and the interplay of different factors.
個人化医療の実現に向けて、個々人のゲノム情報に基づいた疾患リスク予測や薬剤応答性の評価が試みられているが、その普及には、データのプライバシー保護や解釈の標準化といった課題を克服する必要がある。
Towards the realization of personalized medicine, disease risk prediction and drug response assessment based on individual genomic information are being attempted, but its widespread adoption requires overcoming challenges such as data privacy protection and standardization of interpretation.
Discussing the practical implementation of scientific advancements and associated societal challenges.
進化心理学は、人類の行動や認知能力が、過去の環境に適応するために機能してきた遺伝的基盤に根差しているという仮説を探求する学問分野である。
Evolutionary psychology is an academic field that explores the hypothesis that human behavior and cognitive abilities are rooted in genetic foundations that functioned to adapt to past environments.
Defining an interdisciplinary field and presenting its core hypotheses.
生物の発生過程における遺伝子発現の時空間的な制御は、細胞分化、形態形成、そして最終的な個体の形成に至るまで、極めて精緻な分子メカニズムによって成り立っている。
The spatiotemporal control of gene expression during the developmental process of organisms is achieved through extremely precise molecular mechanisms, leading to cell differentiation, morphogenesis, and ultimately the formation of the individual.
Describing intricate biological processes with precise terminology.
ポストゲノム時代においては、単一遺伝子の機能解析にとどまらず、ゲノム全体の構造、機能、そしてそれらが環境要因と織りなす複雑なネットワークを統合的に理解することが、生命現象の解明における最重要課題となっている。
In the post-genomic era, the most critical challenge in elucidating life phenomena is not limited to analyzing the function of single genes, but rather to comprehensively understanding the structure and function of the entire genome, and the complex network it weaves with environmental factors.
Sophisticated scientific discourse, abstract concepts, and highly formal register.
エピジェネティックな情報伝達機構、特にDNAメチル化パターンやノンコーディングRNAの役割は、細胞のアイデンティティ維持や疾患発症におけるその寄与がますます注目されており、次世代の治療戦略の基盤となりうる。
Epigenetic information transmission mechanisms, particularly the roles of DNA methylation patterns and non-coding RNAs, are receiving increasing attention for their contribution to maintaining cellular identity and disease pathogenesis, and could form the basis for next-generation therapeutic strategies.
Advanced concepts in molecular biology and potential future applications.
進化生物学における適応度地形の概念は、遺伝的変異空間における進化の可能性と方向性を視覚化する強力な枠組みを提供し、種分化や生物多様性の起源を理解する上で不可欠なツールとなっている。
The concept of adaptive landscapes in evolutionary biology provides a powerful framework for visualizing the possibilities and directions of evolution in genetic variation space, serving as an indispensable tool for understanding the origins of speciation and biodiversity.
Utilizing abstract theoretical models and their applications in understanding complex biological phenomena.
コンピュテーショナル生物学の発展は、膨大なゲノムデータから生物学的な洞察を引き出すことを可能にし、疾患メカニズムの解明、創薬、さらには合成生物学といった広範な分野に革新をもたらしている。
The development of computational biology has made it possible to extract biological insights from vast amounts of genomic data, bringing innovation to a wide range of fields such as elucidating disease mechanisms, drug discovery, and even synthetic biology.
Discussing interdisciplinary fields and their transformative impact.
ヒトゲノム計画以降、個別化医療、すなわち個々人の遺伝的特性に基づいた予防、診断、治療の最適化が急速に進展しているが、その実現には、倫理的、法的、社会的な側面（ELSI）への配慮が不可欠である。
Since the Human Genome Project, personalized medicine, namely the optimization of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment based on individual genetic characteristics, has rapidly advanced, but its realization requires consideration of ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI).
Addressing complex societal implications of scientific advancements and specialized terminology.
腸内細菌叢（マイクロバイオーム）と宿主の遺伝的相互作用が、免疫系、代謝、さらには精神状態にまで影響を及ぼすことが明らかになりつつあり、新たな健康管理戦略の開拓が期待されている。
It is becoming clear that the genetic interactions between the gut microbiota (microbiome) and the host influence the immune system, metabolism, and even mental state, leading to expectations for the development of new health management strategies.
Exploring complex interactions between different biological systems and their far-reaching effects.
生物の進化における遺伝的変異の創出と維持、そしてそれらが集団レベルでの適応や多様性につながるメカニズムの理解は、生命のダイナミズムを解明する上で、依然として深遠な探求の対象である。
The understanding of the generation and maintenance of genetic variation in the evolution of organisms, and the mechanisms by which they lead to adaptation and diversity at the population level, remains a profound subject of inquiry in elucidating the dynamism of life.
Philosophical and profound discussion on fundamental biological processes.
疾患の遺伝的リスク評価においては、単一の遺伝子変異だけでなく、複数の遺伝子間の相互作用（遺伝子間相互作用）や、遺伝子と環境の相互作用（GxE相互作用）といった複雑な要因を考慮することが、より精緻な予測のために不可欠である。
In assessing the genetic risk of diseases, it is essential to consider complex factors such as interactions between multiple genes (gene-gene interactions) and gene-environment interactions (GxE interactions), in addition to single gene mutations, for more precise prediction.
Highly specialized terminology related to genetic interactions and risk assessment.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— Matters related to heredity or genetic inheritance.
この論文は遺伝に関することについて詳しく述べている。 (Kono ronbun wa iden ni kansuru koto ni tsuite kuwashiku nobete iru.) This paper elaborates on matters related to heredity.
— The mechanism of inheritance; how traits are passed down genetically.
遺伝のメカニズムを解明することは、医学の進歩に不可欠だ。 (Iden no mekanizumu o kaimei suru koto wa, igaku no shinpo ni fukaketsu da.) Elucidating the mechanism of inheritance is essential for medical progress.
— Heredity and environment; the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental influences.
人間の能力は遺伝と環境の相互作用で決まる。 (Ningen no nōryoku wa iden to kankyō no sōgo sayō de kimaru.) Human abilities are determined by the interaction of heredity and environment.
— To manipulate genes; often used in the context of genetic engineering.
科学者たちは、病気の治療のために遺伝子を操作する方法を研究している。 (Kagakusha-tachi wa, byōki no chiryō no tame ni idenshi o sōsa suru hōhō o kenkyū shite iru.) Scientists are researching ways to manipulate genes for disease treatment.
— Genetic risk; the likelihood of developing a certain condition due to inherited genes.
家族歴から、彼女には遺伝的リスクがあることがわかった。 (Kazokureki kara, kanojo ni wa identeki risuku ga aru koto ga wakatta.) From her family history, it was understood that she has a genetic risk.
— Related to atavism or traits reappearing after skipping a generation.
隔世遺伝の例として、祖父の髪の色が孫に出た。 (Kakusei iden no rei to shite, sofu no kami no iro ga magi ni deta.) As an example of atavism, the grandfather's hair color appeared in the grandson.
— To maintain the gene pool of a population, crucial for biodiversity and species survival.
絶滅危惧種の遺伝子プールを維持することが、種の存続のために不可欠だ。 (Zetsumetsu kigu-shu no idenshi pūru o iji suru koto ga, shu no sonzoku no tame ni fukaketsu da.) Maintaining the gene pool of endangered species is essential for their survival.
— Gene mutation; a change in the DNA sequence.
遺伝子変異が病気の原因となることがある。 (Idenshi hen'i ga byōki no gen'in to naru koto ga aru.) Gene mutations can sometimes cause diseases.
— Genetic disorder or disease; a condition caused by abnormalities in genes.
彼女は遺伝子疾患の治療法を探している。 (Kanojo wa idenshi shikkan no chiryōhō o sagashite iru.) She is looking for a treatment for her genetic disorder.
— Locus (plural: loci); the specific position of a gene on a chromosome.
この遺伝子座は特定の形質と関連がある。 (Kono idenshi za wa tokutei no keishitsu to kanren ga aru.) This locus is associated with a specific trait.
자주 혼동되는 단어
This refers to a 'gene,' the basic unit of heredity, rather than the process of heredity itself (遺伝).
This is a verb meaning 'to inherit' or 'to pass down,' describing the action, whereas 遺伝 is the noun for the phenomenon.
This refers to 'lineage' or 'bloodline' and is less scientific, focusing more on ancestry and family history than the biological process of genetic transmission.
관용어 및 표현
— Literally 'blood cannot be fought,' meaning that family traits or characteristics are strong and difficult to overcome; you can't escape your bloodline.
彼は芸術家肌だが、やはり血は争えないな。 (Kare wa geijutsuka-hada da ga, yahari chi wa arasenai na.) He has an artistic temperament, but as expected, you can't fight your blood.
Proverbial/Idiomatic— A feeling of great change or a sense of looking back to a distant past, as if generations have passed. While not directly about genetic inheritance, it can be metaphorically linked to traits reappearing after a long time.
この古い街並みを歩いていると、隔世の感がある。 (Kono furui machinami o aruite iru to, kakusei no kan ga aru.) Walking through these old streets gives one a sense of a bygone era.
Figurative/Literary— Even monkeys fall from trees; meaning even experts can make mistakes. This idiom highlights that no one is perfect, regardless of their innate abilities (which could be considered genetically influenced).
彼はチェスの達人だが、昨日は負けた。猿も木から落ちるだ。 (Kare wa chesu no tatsujin da ga, kinō wa maketa. Saru mo ki kara ochiru da.) He's a chess master, but he lost yesterday. Even monkeys fall from trees.
Proverbial/Idiomatic— Literally 'two melons,' meaning identical or very similar in appearance, often used to describe children who look exactly like their parents.
その子供は母親と瓜二つだ。 (Sono kodomo wa hahaoya to urifutatsu da.) That child is identical to their mother.
Idiomatic/Descriptive— A tiger does not borrow its cubs; meaning that a mother's love for her children is strong and instinctive, implying a natural, perhaps genetically influenced, bond.
彼女は子供のためなら何でもする。虎は子を借りず、だ。 (Kanojo wa kodomo no tame nara nan demo suru. Tora wa ko o karizu, da.) She would do anything for her children. A tiger does not borrow its cubs.
Proverbial/Idiomatic— Similar, alike, much the same. Used when comparing two or more things or people that are very alike, often in a way that is not particularly impressive.
あの二人の意見は似たり寄ったりだ。 (Ano futari no iken wa nitaritari da.) Their opinions are much the same.
Idiomatic/Colloquial— Blood is thicker than water; meaning family ties are stronger than other relationships.
兄弟だから、血は水よりも濃い。 (Kyōdai da kara, chi wa mizu yori mo koi.) Because they are siblings, blood is thicker than water.
Proverbial/Idiomatic— To disgrace one's parents; to bring shame upon one's family. This relates to the idea of inherited reputation or family honor.
そんなことをして、親の顔に泥を塗るつもりか？ (Sonna koto o shite, oyano kao ni doro o nuru tsumori ka?) Are you going to disgrace your parents by doing something like that?
Idiomatic/Figurative— A cat must walk three steps before it resembles a human; meaning that even a cat has its own distinct way of behaving. This can be loosely related to innate characteristics or instincts.
猫は三歩歩かねば人に似ぬと言うが、うちの猫は最初から賢かった。 (Neko wa sanpo arukaneba hito ni ninu to iu ga, uchi no neko wa saisho kara kashikatta.) They say a cat must walk three steps before it resembles a human, but my cat was smart from the start.
Proverbial/Idiomatic— To have a wide circle of acquaintances; to be well-connected. While not directly about genetic inheritance, 'face' (顔) can be inherited, and this idiom plays on the concept of one's 'face' or reputation.
彼は政界にも顔が広い。 (Kare wa seikai ni mo kao ga hiroi.) He has a wide circle of acquaintances even in political circles.
Idiomatic/Figurative혼동하기 쉬운
It's the core concept of heredity.
This is the noun representing the biological process of passing traits from parents to offspring through genes. It's a fundamental scientific term.
この病気は遺伝によるものです。 (Kono byōki wa iden ni yoru mono desu.) This disease is due to heredity.
Closely related to 遺伝, as genes are the carriers of hereditary information.
This refers to a 'gene,' the specific segment of DNA that codes for a trait. 遺伝 is the broader concept of how these genes are passed down.
ある遺伝子がこの形質の原因だと考えられている。 (Aru idenshi ga kono keishitsu no gen'in da to kangaerarete iru.) A certain gene is thought to be the cause of this trait.
It's the adjective form derived from 遺伝.
This is the adjective meaning 'genetic.' It modifies nouns, describing something related to heredity, whereas 遺伝 is the noun itself.
遺伝的な病気のリスクが高い。 (Identeki na byōki no risuku ga takai.) The risk of genetic disease is high.
It describes the action of inheriting, which is a result of 遺伝.
This is a verb meaning 'to inherit' or 'to receive from a predecessor.' 遺伝 is the underlying biological phenomenon that enables this action.
彼女は才能を受け継いだ。 (Kanojo wa sainō o uketsugida.) She inherited talent.
It relates to family and ancestry, often implying inherited characteristics.
This refers to 'lineage' or 'bloodline' and is less scientific than 遺伝. It focuses on family history and ancestry rather than the precise biological mechanism of gene transmission.
彼は由緒ある血筋の出だ。 (Kare wa yūsho aru chijisuji no de da.) He comes from a distinguished lineage.
문장 패턴
[Noun] は 遺伝 によるものです。
この特徴は遺伝によるものです。 (Kono tokuchō wa iden ni yoru mono desu.) This trait is due to heredity.
[Noun] は 遺伝的 要因 が 関係 しています。
この病気には遺伝的要因が関係しています。 (Kono byōki ni wa identeki yōin ga kankei shite imasu.) Genetic factors are involved in this disease.
[Noun] の 遺伝 を 理解 する こと が 重要 です。
新しい品種開発には、遺伝を理解することが重要です。 (Atarashī hinshu kaihatsu ni wa, iden o rikai suru koto ga jūyō desu.) Understanding inheritance is important for developing new varieties.
[Noun] における 遺伝的 背景 が 明らか に なり つつ ある。
近年の研究で、多くの疾患における遺伝的背景が明らかになりつつある。 (Kinnen no kenkyū de, ōku no shikkan ni okeru identeki haikei ga akiraka ni nari tsutsu aru.) In recent research, the genetic background in many diseases is gradually becoming clear.
[Noun] は 遺伝 と 環境 の 相互作用 によって 決まる。
人間の能力は遺伝と環境の相互作用で決まる。 (Ningen no nōryoku wa iden to kankyō no sōgo sayō de kimaru.) Human abilities are determined by the interaction of heredity and environment.
[Noun] における 遺伝子 の 発現 は 複雑 である。
細胞分裂における遺伝子の発現は複雑である。 (Saibō bunretsu ni okeru idenshi no hatsugen wa fukuzatsu de aru.) The expression of genes in cell division is complex.
[Noun] の 遺伝 的 変異 は 進化 に 不可欠 である。
生物の進化において、遺伝的変異は不可欠である。 (Seibutsu no shinka ni oite, identeki hen'i wa fukaketsu de aru.) Genetic variation is indispensable in the evolution of organisms.
[Noun] は 遺伝 的 基盤 に 根差して いる。
人類の行動様式は、進化の過程で形成された遺伝的基盤に根差している。 (Jinrui no kōdō yōshiki wa, shinka no katei de keisei sareta identeki kiban ni nezashite iru.) Human behavioral patterns are rooted in the genetic foundations formed during the process of evolution.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
Medium-High in scientific contexts, Low in casual conversation.
-
Using 遺伝 as a verb.
→
The verb for inheriting is usually 受け継ぐ (uketsugu). 遺伝 is a noun.
Learners sometimes try to conjugate 遺伝 as if it were a verb. For example, saying '私は才能を遺伝した' (Watashi wa sainō o iden shita) is incorrect. The correct phrasing would be '私は才能を受け継いだ' (Watashi wa sainō o uketsugida).
-
Confusing 遺伝 (heredity) with 遺伝子 (gene).
→
遺伝 refers to the process of inheritance; 遺伝子 refers to the specific unit of heredity (a gene).
It's common to mix these up. If you're talking about the instructions within DNA, you mean 遺伝子. If you're talking about how traits are passed down generally, you mean 遺伝.
-
Using 遺伝 as an adjective.
→
Use the adjective form 遺伝的 (identeki) before a noun.
Saying '遺伝な病気' (iden na byōki) is incorrect. The correct way to say 'genetic disease' is '遺伝的な病気' (identeki na byōki).
-
Overusing 遺伝 in casual conversation.
→
In casual contexts about family resemblances, use simpler phrases or terms like 血筋 (chijisuji).
Using the scientific term 遺伝 in a casual chat about why someone looks like their parent might sound overly formal or stiff. Phrases like 'お父さんにそっくり' (ottōsan ni sokkuri - looks just like father) are more natural.
-
Incorrect pronunciation.
→
Pronounce it as 'i-de-n' with stress on the first syllable.
Common errors include misplacing stress or mispronouncing the vowel sounds. Ensuring clear pronunciation of the final 'n' is also important.
팁
Connect to Related Terms
When learning 遺伝, also learn related terms like 遺伝子 (gene), 遺伝学 (genetics), and 遺伝的 (genetic). Understanding these connections will solidify your grasp of the concept and its usage in different contexts.
Consider the Context
The appropriateness of using 遺伝 depends heavily on the context. It's a formal, scientific term. For everyday chats about family resemblances, more colloquial expressions might be better. Use 遺伝 when precision is needed, especially in academic or medical settings.
Visual Association
Create a mental image: imagine an elder passing a glowing 'legacy' (遺) down to a younger person, symbolizing the transmission (伝) of genetic traits. This visual can help recall the meaning of the kanji and the word itself.
Adjective Form
Remember the adjective form 遺伝的 (identeki). This is crucial for describing things as 'genetic.' For instance, '遺伝的な病気' (identeki na byōki - genetic disease) is more common than trying to use 遺伝 as an adjective.
Stress and Sound
Pay attention to the stress on the first syllable (イ) in 遺伝. The sounds are relatively simple for English speakers. Practice saying it clearly: i-de-n.
Science and Health Passages
For IELTS, 遺伝 is a key vocabulary item in science and health-related reading passages. Understanding its meaning and related terms will significantly help with comprehension in these sections.
Noun vs. Verb
Clarify that 遺伝 is a noun referring to the concept of heredity. The action of inheriting is usually expressed by the verb 受け継ぐ (uketsugu).
Expand Your Knowledge
Explore the word family: 遺伝子 (gene), 遺伝学 (genetics), 遺伝病 (genetic disease). Learning these related words together will build a stronger vocabulary base.
Beyond Science
While scientific, the concept of inherited traits is also present in cultural discussions about family and lineage. Be aware of phrases like 血は争えない (blood cannot be fought) which touch upon similar themes in a non-scientific way.
Contextualize Your Learning
Actively try to use 遺伝 in sentences, whether in writing practice or when speaking. The more you use it in context, the more natural it will feel.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a grandfather (遺 - 'i' sounds a bit like 'he' in grandfather) passing down his legacy (遺 - legacy) by transmitting (伝 - 'den' sounds like 'done' or 'denote' as in denoting a trait) his traits. He leaves behind his characteristics and transmits them to his descendants.
시각적 연상
Picture a grandfather figure handing a small, glowing orb (representing genes or traits) to his grandchild. The grandfather has a long beard (representing legacy) and is actively transmitting the orb.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to explain the concept of 遺伝 to someone who doesn't know Japanese, using only gestures and simple English words. Focus on the idea of passing something down from one person to another across time.
어원
The word 遺伝 is composed of two kanji characters. 伝 (den) means 'to transmit,' 'to convey,' or 'to hand down.' 遺 (i) means 'to leave behind,' 'to bequeath,' or '遺産' (isan - legacy, inheritance). Together, they literally mean 'to leave behind and transmit,' perfectly capturing the concept of passing down genetic material and traits from one generation to the next.
원래 의미: To leave behind and transmit (genetic material and traits).
Sino-Japanese (Kanji compound)문화적 맥락
Discussions involving 遺伝, especially concerning genetic diseases or predispositions, can be sensitive. It's important to approach these topics with empathy and respect, recognizing that genetic factors can have profound impacts on individuals and families. Avoid making assumptions or generalizations about people based on their perceived genetic background.
In English-speaking cultures, the concept of 'nature versus nurture' is a common discussion point, directly relating to 遺伝 (nature) and environmental influences (nurture). The scientific understanding of genetics has also significantly influenced healthcare and societal views on disease and identity.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Medical Diagnosis and Treatment
- 遺伝的リスク (identeki risuku) - genetic risk
- 遺伝病の疑い (idenbyō no utagai) - suspicion of genetic disease
- 家族歴 (kazokureki) - family history
- 遺伝子検査 (idenshi kensa) - genetic testing
Scientific Research and Academia
- 遺伝子解析 (idenshi kaiseki) - gene analysis
- 遺伝のメカニズム (iden no mekanizumu) - mechanism of inheritance
- 遺伝的要因 (identeki yōin) - genetic factors
- 遺伝子組み換え (idenshi kumikae) - genetic modification
Agriculture and Biotechnology
- 品種改良 (hinshu kairyō) - breed improvement
- 耐病性 (taibyōsei) - disease resistance
- 収量増加 (shūryō zōka) - yield increase
- 遺伝子マーカー (idenshi mākā) - gene marker
Discussions of Family Resemblances
- よく似ている (yoku nite iru) - resemble each other a lot
- 母親譲り (hahaoya yuzuri) - inherited from mother
- 父親似 (chichioya ni) - resemble father
- 面影がある (omokage ga aru) - have a resemblance
Evolutionary Biology
- 進化の過程 (shinka no katei) - process of evolution
- 遺伝的多様性 (identeki tayōsei) - genetic diversity
- 自然選択 (shizen sentaku) - natural selection
- 適応 (tekiō) - adaptation
대화 시작하기
"Do you know if any diseases run in your family?"
"Have you ever wondered why you look so much like one of your parents?"
"What are your thoughts on genetic testing and its implications?"
"How much do you think our genes influence who we are compared to our environment?"
"Have you read any interesting articles or seen documentaries about genetics recently?"
일기 주제
Reflect on a time you noticed a strong resemblance between yourself and a family member, and consider what that might mean about inherited traits.
Imagine you could undergo genetic testing to find out your predisposition to certain diseases. Would you do it, and why or why not?
Write about a fictional scenario where genetic engineering plays a significant role in society. What are the potential benefits and drawbacks?
Consider the concept of 'nature versus nurture.' Which do you believe has a greater influence on personality and behavior, and why?
Research a specific genetic disease and write a summary of its causes, symptoms, and potential treatments, using the term '遺伝' where appropriate.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문遺伝 (iden) refers to the overall concept of heredity, the passing on of traits from parents to offspring. 遺伝子 (idenshi) refers to a 'gene,' which is a specific segment of DNA that carries the instructions for a particular trait. So, 遺伝 is the process, and 遺伝子 are the carriers of the information for that process.
While 遺伝 is the precise scientific term, in casual conversation about family resemblances, people might use simpler phrases like 'お父さん/お母さんにそっくり' (ottōsan/okāsan ni sokkuri - looks just like dad/mom) or discuss the '血筋' (chijisuji - lineage). However, if discussing health or specific traits in a more serious way, 遺伝 or 遺伝的 (identeki) can be used.
Yes, 遺伝 is fundamental to evolution. Evolution occurs through changes in the genetic makeup of populations over time. Variations in traits are passed down through 遺伝, and natural selection acts upon these variations, leading to adaptation and the evolution of species.
遺伝的 (identeki) is the adjective form of 遺伝, meaning 'genetic.' It is used to describe something that is related to or caused by heredity. For example, 遺伝的な病気 (identeki na byōki) means 'genetic disease.'
遺伝 refers to traits that are inherited from parents through genes. These are often called 'nature.' Learning and acquired traits are developed after birth through experience, education, or environmental influences, often referred to as 'nurture.' The interplay between 遺伝 and environment is complex and significant in shaping an individual.
Besides 遺伝, you might encounter 受け継ぐ (uketsugu - to inherit, a verb), 血筋 (chijisuji - lineage, bloodline), and 隔世遺伝 (kakusei iden - atavism, traits reappearing after skipping a generation). Each has a slightly different nuance in meaning and usage.
Common phrases include 遺伝的要因 (identeki yōin - genetic factors), 遺伝病 (idenbyō - genetic disease), 遺伝子解析 (idenshi kaiseki - gene analysis), and 遺伝と環境 (iden to kankyō - heredity and environment).
The pronunciation of 遺伝 (i-de-n) is generally straightforward for English speakers. The stress is on the first syllable, and the sounds are similar to English. Practicing the clear 'n' sound at the end is helpful.
The word is a compound of 遺 (i - to leave behind, legacy) and 伝 (den - to transmit, to convey). Literally, it means 'to leave behind and transmit,' which accurately describes the concept of passing down genetic material and traits.
It is most commonly used in scientific, medical, and academic contexts, such as in biology textbooks, research papers, medical journals, and lectures on genetics or health.
셀프 테스트 3 질문
/ 3 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
遺伝 (iden) refers to the fundamental biological process of heredity, the passing on of genetic traits from parents to offspring, crucial in scientific fields like genetics and medicine.
- The transmission of genetic traits from parents to offspring.
- The biological basis of heredity.
- Essential in genetics, medicine, and biology.
- Covers inherited characteristics across generations.
Connect to Related Terms
When learning 遺伝, also learn related terms like 遺伝子 (gene), 遺伝学 (genetics), and 遺伝的 (genetic). Understanding these connections will solidify your grasp of the concept and its usage in different contexts.
Consider the Context
The appropriateness of using 遺伝 depends heavily on the context. It's a formal, scientific term. For everyday chats about family resemblances, more colloquial expressions might be better. Use 遺伝 when precision is needed, especially in academic or medical settings.
Visual Association
Create a mental image: imagine an elder passing a glowing 'legacy' (遺) down to a younger person, symbolizing the transmission (伝) of genetic traits. This visual can help recall the meaning of the kanji and the word itself.
Adjective Form
Remember the adjective form 遺伝的 (identeki). This is crucial for describing things as 'genetic.' For instance, '遺伝的な病気' (identeki na byōki - genetic disease) is more common than trying to use 遺伝 as an adjective.
예시
この病気は遺伝する可能性があります。
관련 콘텐츠
health 관련 단어
しばらく
B1잠시, 잠깐, 한동안.
異変がある
B1이상한 변화나 이상이 있음. 정상이 아니거나 잘못된 것이 있음. (비정상적인 상황이 발생함.)
異常な
B1비정상적인; 이상한. 정상적인 상태에서 크게 벗어난 것을 나타냅니다.
擦り傷
B1피부 표면이 긁혀서 생긴 상처. 넘어지거나 거친 표면에 스쳤을 때 생기는 가벼운 상처.
吸収する
B1스펀지가 물을 흡수한다.
禁酒
B1금주. '건강을 위해 금주를 시작했습니다.'
痛む
A2to hurt; to ache
鍼灸
B1침구는 침과 뜸을 사용하여 신체의 질병을 치료하는 전통 의학입니다.
急性的
B1질병이나 상태가 갑자기 나타나고 진행이 빠른 상태. 만성적의 반대말.
急性な
B1Acute
