A0 · 제로 포인트 챕터 4

Survival Essentials

4 총 규칙
40 예문
1 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential tools to navigate daily life and express basic needs in Russian.

  • Identify locations and objects using basic question words.
  • Count items from one to ten confidently.
  • State your possessions and negate statements with ease.
Unlock the keys to survival and simple interaction.

배울 내용

Basic phrases for asking directions, prices, and personal needs. Focus on functional communication in a Russian-speaking environment.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Ask where something is and identify it using 'Где' and 'Что'.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Count quantities and express what you have.

주요 예문 (8)

1

Где мой телефон?

Where is my phone?

'어디'와 '무엇' 묻기 (Где & Что)
2

Что это?

What is this?

'어디'와 '무엇' 묻기 (Где & Что)
3

У меня один кот.

I have one cat.

러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)
4

Одна пицца, пожалуйста.

One pizza, please.

러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)
5

— Ты хочешь пиццу? — Нет, спасибо.

— Do you want pizza? — No, thanks.

러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)
6

Меня сейчас нет дома.

I am not home right now.

러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)
7

У меня есть кофе.

I have coffee.

존재 표현하기: '~이 있다/가지고 있다' (U menya yest')
8

У тебя есть зарядка?

Do you have a charger?

존재 표현하기: '~이 있다/가지고 있다' (U menya yest')

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

The 'Shto' Secret

Always pronounce 'Что' with a 'Sh' sound. Saying 'Chto' is the quickest way to out yourself as a beginner reading from a textbook.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '어디'와 '무엇' 묻기 (Где & Что)
💡

The 'Raz' Trick

When counting 1, 2, 3 for a photo or a race, Russians almost always say 'раз' (raz) instead of 'один'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)
💡

The 'Nyet' Myth

Don't over-emphasize the 'y'. It's not 'Nee-yet'. It's one syllable, like 'net' but with a very soft 'n'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)
🎯

The 'N' Rule

Always add an 'n' to 'ego', 'eyo', and 'ikh' when they follow 'u'. It becomes 'nego', 'neyo', and 'nikh'. It makes you sound native!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 존재 표현하기: '~이 있다/가지고 있다' (U menya yest')

핵심 어휘 (6)

Где Where Что What Один One Десять Ten Нет No У меня есть I have

Real-World Preview

shopping-cart

At the Market

Review Summary

  • Где/Что + [noun]?
  • 1 (один), 2 (два)... 10 (десять)
  • Нет + [phrase]
  • У меня есть + [noun]

자주 하는 실수

Russian doesn't use 'have' as a direct verb. Use the 'At me there is' structure instead.

Wrong: Я имею яблоко
정답: У меня есть яблоко

Do not mix question words. 'Что' is for objects, 'Где' is for place.

Wrong: Где это что?
정답: Что это?

When negating possession, the structure changes to 'At me there is not'.

Wrong: Нет я имею
정답: У меня нет

Next Steps

You have conquered the basics! Keep practicing, and you will be fluent in no time.

Label items in your house with Russian sticky notes.

Continue to: Time & Place — Where and When

빠른 연습 (10)

Find the error in this number sequence: пять, шесть, семь, восим, девять.

Find and fix the mistake:

пять, шесть, семь, восим, девять.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: восемь
The correct spelling is 'восемь', not 'восим'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)

Fill in the blank with the correct pronoun form for 'I'.

У ____ есть билет.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: меня
After the preposition 'u', we must use the genitive form 'menya' for 'I'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 존재 표현하기: '~이 있다/가지고 있다' (U menya yest')

Which is the correct way to say 'two' for masculine nouns?

Choose the correct word:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: два
'Два' is used for masculine and neuter, while 'две' is strictly for feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)

Fill in the correct word for 'No'.

— Ты любишь суши? — ___, я не люблю рыбу.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Нет
We use Нет as a standalone answer to a question. Не would be used before the verb люблю.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)

Fill in the blank with the correct question word for location.

___ станция?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Где
We use 'Где' to ask about the location of the station.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '어디'와 '무엇' 묻기 (Где & Что)

Find and fix the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я нет знаю, где мой ключ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я не знаю, где мой ключ.
You cannot use нет before a verb. Use не to say 'don't'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)

Choose the correct form of 'one' for 'машина' (feminine).

___ машина.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: одна
Since 'машина' is feminine, we must use the feminine form 'одна'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어 숫자 1-10: 10까지 세기 (один에서 десять까지)

Which sentence is the natural way to ask 'What is this?' in Russian?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Что это?
Russian doesn't use the verb 'is' in this context, so 'Что это?' is correct.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '어디'와 '무엇' 묻기 (Где & Что)

Which sentence correctly says 'I don't have a car'?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: У меня нет машины.
The construction У меня нет is used for possession, and the object must be in the Genitive case (машины).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 러시아어로 '아니요' 말하기 (Нет)

Find the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я есть машина.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: У меня есть машина.
You cannot say 'Ya yest' (I am); you must use the possession pattern 'U menya yest'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 존재 표현하기: '~이 있다/가지고 있다' (U menya yest')

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

At the A0 level, no. You can keep the nouns in the Nominative case (the form you see in the dictionary).
Russian used to have one, but it dropped out of the present tense centuries ago. It makes the language much faster to speak!
Russian nouns have three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter). Since 'one' acts like an adjective, it must match the gender of the noun it describes.
Zero is 'ноль' (nol). It also ends in a soft sign, just like the numbers 5-10.
Mostly, yes. However, it also means 'there is not' when talking about things that are missing or absent.
'Нет' is a standalone 'No'. 'Не' is 'not' and must be placed before another word, like a verb or noun.
이전 챕터
The World Around You — Naming Things
다음 챕터
Time & Place — Where and When
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