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C1 noun 8분 분량

компетентность

예시 노트와 팁 компетентность 30초 만에
설명 компетентность in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'компетентность' is a very difficult word. You don't need to use it yet. Instead, you use simple words like 'хорошо' (well) or 'знать' (to know). If you want to say someone is competent, you might say 'Он хорошо работает' (He works well) or 'Он много знает' (He knows a lot). This word is long and has many letters, so just remember it means someone is very good at their job. You might see it in a title of a book or on a big sign in an office, but for now, focus on simpler ways to describe people's skills. Think of it as the 'super' version of 'knowing how to do something'.
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At the A2 level, you can start to recognize 'компетентность' as a formal noun. It comes from the word 'компетентный' (competent). In simple terms, it means the ability to do a task correctly and skillfully. You might hear it in a classroom or at work. Instead of just saying someone is 'умный' (smart), you use this word to say they have the specific skills for a job. For example, 'У него высокая компетентность' (He has high competence). It's a useful word to know if you are looking at job advertisements in Russian, where they often ask for 'профессиональная компетентность'.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to understand the word in context and use it in formal writing. You are moving beyond basic descriptions and starting to discuss professional qualities. 'Компетентность' is a key term in business Russian. You should know that it is a feminine noun and how to use it with adjectives like 'высокая' (high) or 'низкая' (low). You can use it to talk about your own skills in a CV: 'Моя компетентность в области языков' (My competence in the field of languages). It shows that you have a more sophisticated vocabulary than just using 'умение' (skill).
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At the B2 level, you must distinguish between 'компетентность' and 'компетенция'. This is a common point of confusion. 'Компетентность' is about personal ability, while 'компетенция' is often about the scope of authority. You should be comfortable using 'компетентность' in debates about education, work, and politics. You will encounter this word in news articles and professional journals. You should also be familiar with the instrumental case 'компетентностью' and the genitive 'компетентности'. It is often used with verbs like 'обладать' (to possess) or 'сомневаться' (to doubt).
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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'компетентность' with precision. You understand its theoretical roots in the 'компетентностный подход' (competency-based approach) in education and management. You can use it to describe complex psychological or social qualities, such as 'эмоциональная компетентность' (emotional competence) or 'межкультурная компетентность' (intercultural competence). You should be able to discuss the nuances between this word and its synonyms like 'квалификация' or 'профессионализм' in a nuanced way. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal register and its role in evaluating professional standards.
At the C2 level, 'компетентность' is a tool for deep analysis. You can use it in philosophical, legal, or highly specialized academic contexts. You might discuss the 'кризис компетентности' (crisis of competence) in modern institutions or the 'мета-компетентность' (meta-competence) required in a changing world. You handle the word with native-like ease, including its use in complex grammatical structures and idiomatic professional expressions. You are aware of the word's etymology and its evolution in the Russian language, and you can use it to convey subtle shades of meaning that distinguish a true expert from a merely qualified individual.
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예시 노트와 팁

компетентность 30초 만에

  • Компетентность means personal competence or skill level.
  • It is a feminine 3rd-declension noun: компетентность, -и, -ью.
  • Do not confuse it with 'компетенция' (authority/jurisdiction).
  • Used mostly in formal, professional, and academic Russian.

The Russian word компетентность is a high-level noun that translates to "competence" or "competency." While in English we often use these terms interchangeably, in Russian, компетентность specifically refers to the internal quality of an individual—their deep knowledge, practical skills, and the ability to apply them effectively in a real-world setting. It is not just about having a diploma; it is about the manifest ability to solve complex problems with grace and efficiency. This word is a staple of professional discourse, human resources, and academic evaluations. When you describe someone as possessing высокая компетентность, you are paying them a significant compliment, suggesting they are a master of their craft.

Professional Context
In the workplace, this word describes a worker's overall capability. It encompasses their technical skills (hard skills) and their ability to navigate the professional environment (soft skills).

Его профессиональная компетентность позволила компании избежать крупного судебного иска.

Legal and Official Use
In legal terms, it can refer to the authority or jurisdiction of a specific body to make decisions, though 'компетенция' is more common for 'jurisdiction,' 'компетентность' remains the quality of the person executing that power.

Суд поставил под сомнение компетентность эксперта, проводившего оценку имущества.

Understanding the nuance between 'компетентность' and its sister word 'компетенция' is vital at the C1 level. While 'компетенция' often refers to a specific area of responsibility or a single skill set (e.g., 'входит в мою компетенцию'—it's within my area of responsibility), 'компетентность' is the broader, qualitative measure of how well one performs. If you have the 'компетенция' to do something, you have the right or the task; if you have the 'компетентность', you have the actual ability to do it well. This distinction is frequently tested in advanced Russian exams and is a marker of a sophisticated speaker.

Daily Life
While less common in casual conversation with friends over coffee, you might use it when discussing doctors, teachers, or repairmen. 'Я ценю его компетентность' sounds much more formal and respectful than simply saying 'Он молодец'.

Меня поразила компетентность молодого врача, который сразу поставил верный диагноз.

Using компетентность correctly requires attention to grammatical cases and common collocations. As a feminine noun ending in a soft sign (-ь), it follows the third declension pattern. In the nominative case, it is the subject of the sentence, often paired with verbs like 'растёт' (grows) or 'требуется' (is required). However, you will most frequently encounter it in the accusative case after verbs like 'повышать' (to increase) or 'доказывать' (to prove).

With Adjectives
Common modifiers include 'профессиональная' (professional), 'педагогическая' (pedagogical), 'языковая' (linguistic), and 'цифровая' (digital). These specify the field in which the competence exists.

Цифровая компетентность стала обязательным требованием для всех сотрудников офиса.

In the Genitive Case
The genitive form 'компетентности' is used after 'уровень' (level), 'нехватка' (lack), or 'подтверждение' (confirmation).

Мы не сомневаемся в вашей компетентности, но нам нужны рекомендации.

When writing formal reports or academic papers, 'компетентность' is often the focus of the research. You might see phrases like 'формирование компетентности' (the formation of competence) or 'критерии компетентности' (criteria of competence). In these contexts, the word emphasizes a holistic approach to education or training—moving beyond simple rote memorization to actual functional ability. For example, in the phrase 'коммуникативная компетентность', it isn't just about knowing grammar rules, but about being able to actually communicate effectively in a foreign language.

Verb Pairings
Verbs that go well with this noun: проявлять (to manifest), оценивать (to evaluate), обладать (to possess - requires instrumental case: обладание компетентностью).

Он обладает высокой компетентностью в области квантовой физики.

In the modern Russian linguistic landscape, компетентность is ubiquitous in professional and institutional environments. If you are watching a news broadcast about government appointments, you will inevitably hear the anchor discuss the candidate's профессиональная компетентность. It is the gold standard for judging whether someone is fit for a high-level position. In the corporate world, HR managers use this term during performance reviews to discuss how an employee has grown over the past year. It is a word of high register, signaling seriousness and objectivity.

In Business Meetings
You will hear it when discussing project leads or when evaluating a potential partner. 'Их компетентность не вызывает сомнений' is a standard way to say 'We trust they can do the job.'

Нам нужно повысить компетентность нашего отдела продаж в вопросах новых технологий.

In Academic Lectures
University professors in psychology, education, and management use this term to describe the goals of training programs. They talk about 'компетентностный подход' (the competency-based approach).

Современное образование ориентировано на развитие ключевых компетентностей учащихся.

Interestingly, the word has also seeped into political discourse. Politicians often use it to attack their opponents, questioning their компетентность in managing the economy or foreign policy. Conversely, a 'technocratic' government is often praised for its high level of компетентность, implying that its members are experts rather than just politicians. In the legal sphere, an expert witness must prove their компетентность before their testimony is accepted as valid evidence in court. Thus, hearing this word often signals that the stakes are high and that the quality of knowledge is being scrutinized.

In Job Interviews
Interviewer: 'Как вы оцениваете свою компетентность в управлении рисками?' (How do you evaluate your competence in risk management?)

Моя компетентность подтверждается десятилетним опытом работы в индустрии.

The most frequent mistake learners (and even some native speakers) make is confusing компетентность with компетенция. While they look similar, their meanings diverge in critical ways. Компетенция refers to the range of issues or tasks that a person or organization has the right or power to handle. Компетентность refers to the quality of having the skills and knowledge to handle those tasks well. If you say 'Это не моя компетентность,' it sounds like you are saying 'I am not skilled enough for this,' which might be true but is often not what you mean when you want to say 'This isn't my job' (which would be 'Это не входит в мою компетенцию').

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Компетенция'
Incorrect: 'Это вне моей компетентности.' (This is outside my skill level - sounds self-deprecating). Correct: 'Это вне моей компетенции.' (This is outside my authority/area of responsibility).

Ошибка: Он показал свою компетенцию в этом вопросе. (He showed his authority). Правильно: Он показал свою компетентность. (He showed his skill).

Mistake 2: Gender and Declension
Learners often forget that it is a feminine noun of the 3rd declension. They might try to use masculine endings. Remember: 'высокая компетентность', not 'высокий компетентность'.

Важно: Мы восхищаемся его компетентностью (Instrumental case, feminine ending -ью).

Another subtle mistake is the incorrect use of prepositions. You are competent в чём-то (in something, prepositional case) or в области чего-то (in the field of something). Some learners mistakenly use 'на' or 'с'. Always stick to 'в' for the field of expertise. Furthermore, avoid using the plural 'компетентности' unless you are specifically referring to the academic theory of multiple distinct competencies (e.g., in educational psychology). In general speech, it is an uncountable quality.

Mistake 3: Preposition Choice
Incorrect: 'Компетентность по маркетингу.' Correct: 'Компетентность в маркетинге' or 'в области маркетинга'.

Его компетентность в вопросах права неоспорима.

While компетентность is an excellent word for formal settings, Russian offers several synonyms that might be more appropriate depending on the register and the specific nuance you wish to convey. Understanding these alternatives will make your Russian sound more natural and varied. For instance, 'профессионализм' is a very close synonym but focuses more on the person's attitude and adherence to professional standards, whereas 'компетентность' focuses on the actual knowledge and ability.

Профессионализм vs. Компетентность
'Профессионализм' is broader and can include ethics and behavior. 'Компетентность' is more specific to the possession of necessary skills.

Мы ценим его профессионализм и преданность делу.

Квалификация
This refers to formal qualifications, such as degrees or certifications. You can have high 'квалификация' (the papers) but lack 'компетентность' (the actual ability to do the job).

Для этой должности требуется высокая квалификация.

In less formal contexts, you might use 'умение' (ability/skill) or 'знание дела' (knowing one's business). If you want to emphasize that someone is well-informed, 'осведомленность' (awareness/informedness) is a good choice. In the legal or administrative realm, 'правомочность' (competence in the sense of legal power) might be used, although this is very specific. When comparing these words, always consider whether you are talking about the *right* to do something, the *certification* to do something, or the *actual talent* for doing it.

Мастерство
Often used for craftsmen, artists, or athletes. It has a warmer, more admiring connotation than the clinical 'компетентность'.

Его мастерство игры на скрипке поражает воображение.

재미있는 사실

Although it sounds very modern and 'corporate,' the root 'competere' is the same as for the word 'competition' (конкуренция). In Latin, it meant 'striving together.'

발음 가이드

UK /kəmpʲɪˈtʲentnəsʲtʲ/
US N/A
компетентность
라임이 맞는 단어
ответственность (responsibility) преемственность (continuity) собственность (property) нравственность (morality) женственность (femininity) мужественность (masculinity) общественность (public) естественность (naturalness)
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'т' as hard before 'е'. It should be soft: [tʲe].
  • Misplacing the stress on the last syllable.
  • Forgetting to soften the final 'т' due to the soft sign 'ь'.
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수준별 예문

1

Он хороший врач.

He is a good doctor.

Simple adjective use.

2

Она много знает.

She knows a lot.

Simple verb use.

3

Это важная работа.

This is important work.

Describing importance.

4

Я хочу быть мастером.

I want to be a master.

Using 'master' as a goal.

5

У него есть опыт.

He has experience.

Using 'experience' (опыт).

6

Она умеет всё.

She knows how to do everything.

Using 'уметь' (to know how).

7

Это хороший специалист.

This is a good specialist.

Basic noun 'специалист'.

8

Я учусь хорошо.

I study well.

Adverb 'хорошо'.

1

У него есть профессиональная компетентность.

He has professional competence.

Introduction of the noun.

2

Её компетентность очень высокая.

Her competence is very high.

Adjective + noun.

3

Мы ценим вашу работу.

We value your work.

Verb 'ценить'.

4

Он компетентный учитель.

He is a competent teacher.

Adjective 'компетентный'.

5

Нам нужна ваша помощь.

We need your help.

Expressing need.

6

Она знает своё дело.

She knows her business.

Idiomatic 'знать своё дело'.

7

Это важный навык.

This is an important skill.

Noun 'навык' (skill).

8

Я хочу повысить свои знания.

I want to increase my knowledge.

Verb 'повысить'.

1

Для этой должности важна компетентность.

Competence is important for this position.

Dative case for 'position'.

2

Его компетентность в этой области неоспорима.

His competence in this area is undeniable.

Prepositional 'в этой области'.

3

Мы должны проверить компетентность сотрудников.

We must check the competence of the employees.

Genitive plural.

4

Она обладает всеми нужными качествами.

She possesses all the necessary qualities.

Verb 'обладать' + instrumental.

5

Ваша компетентность поможет нам.

Your competence will help us.

Future tense.

6

Это требует высокой квалификации.

This requires high qualification.

Related word 'квалификация'.

7

Он проявил себя как компетентный специалист.

He proved himself as a competent specialist.

Reflexive verb 'проявиться'.

8

Я уверен в его компетентности.

I am sure of his competence.

Prepositional case after 'уверен в'.

1

Компетентность менеджера влияет на успех проекта.

The manager's competence affects the project's success.

Genitive case 'менеджера'.

2

Нехватка компетентности может привести к ошибкам.

A lack of competence can lead to mistakes.

Genitive 'нехватка компетентности'.

3

Мы оцениваем компетентность по результатам работы.

We evaluate competence by the results of work.

Preposition 'по' + dative.

4

Её профессиональная компетентность растёт с каждым годом.

Her professional competence grows every year.

Subject-verb agreement.

5

Это входит в сферу его компетентности.

This falls within the sphere of his competence.

Genitive 'сферу компетентности'.

6

Он постоянно повышает свою компетентность.

He is constantly improving his competence.

Accusative case.

7

Врачи должны подтверждать свою компетентность.

Doctors must confirm their competence.

Infinitive 'подтверждать'.

8

Это вопрос его личной компетентности.

This is a matter of his personal competence.

Possessive 'его'.

1

Формирование ключевых компетентностей — цель образования.

The formation of key competencies is the goal of education.

Plural genitive 'компетентностей'.

2

Суд усомнился в компетентности данного эксперта.

The court doubted the competence of this expert.

Verb 'усомниться в' + prepositional.

3

Межкультурная компетентность необходима в глобальном мире.

Intercultural competence is necessary in a global world.

Complex adjective.

4

Её компетентность позволяет ей решать задачи любой сложности.

Her competence allows her to solve tasks of any complexity.

Dative 'ей'.

5

Мы обсуждаем критерии профессиональной компетентности.

We are discussing the criteria for professional competence.

Noun 'критерии'.

6

Компетентность — это не только знания, но и опыт.

Competence is not only knowledge, but also experience.

Definition structure.

7

Он обладает исключительной компетентностью в праве.

He possesses exceptional competence in law.

Instrumental 'компетентностью'.

8

Развитие цифровой компетентности стало приоритетом.

The development of digital competence has become a priority.

Compound noun phrase.

1

Феномен компетентности требует междисциплинарного подхода.

The phenomenon of competence requires an interdisciplinary approach.

Academic register.

2

Компетентность субъекта проявляется в кризисных ситуациях.

The subject's competence manifests in crisis situations.

Formal 'субъекта'.

3

Мы сталкиваемся с дефицитом компетентности в управлении.

We are facing a deficit of competence in management.

Noun 'дефицит'.

4

Языковая компетентность включает в себя прагматический аспект.

Linguistic competence includes a pragmatic aspect.

Technical linguistic term.

5

Его компетентность была подвергнута тщательному анализу.

His competence was subjected to careful analysis.

Passive construction.

6

Компетентность — это динамическая характеристика личности.

Competence is a dynamic characteristic of a personality.

Psychological definition.

7

Обеспечение компетентности кадров — залог стабильности.

Ensuring staff competence is a guarantee of stability.

Formal 'залог'.

8

В статье рассматривается структура педагогической компетентности.

The article examines the structure of pedagogical competence.

Passive 'рассматривается'.

자주 쓰는 조합

профессиональная компетентность
языковая компетентность
высокая компетентность
уровень компетентности
цифровая компетентность
педагогическая компетентность
подтверждать компетентность
сомневаться в компетентности
критерии компетентности
формирование компетентности

자주 쓰는 구문

Вне моей компетентности

— Outside my skill set (be careful, often confused with 'компетенция').

Этот вопрос вне моей компетентности, обратитесь к эксперту.

Повышение компетентности

— The process of improving one's skills.

Курсы направлены на повышение компетентности персонала.

Проявлять компетентность

— To show or demonstrate one's skill.

Он проявил компетентность в сложной ситуации.

Оценка компетентности

— The act of testing or judging someone's skill level.

Оценка компетентности проводится раз в год.

Профессиональная компетентность

— The overall ability to do a professional job.

Его профессиональная компетентность не вызывает сомнений.

Ключевые компетентности

— The most important skills needed for a person.

В школе развивают ключевые компетентности.

Недостаточная компетентность

— Not having enough skill for a task.

Его уволили за недостаточную компетентность.

Обладать компетентностью

— To have the necessary skills.

Вы обладаете нужной компетентностью?

Признать компетентность

— To agree that someone is skilled.

Коллеги признали его компетентность.

Границы компетентности

— The limits of what someone knows or can do.

Важно знать границы своей компетентности.

관용어 및 표현

"Знать своё дело"

— To be highly competent in one's work.

Он настоящий мастер, он знает своё дело.

Neutral
"Мастер на все руки"

— A jack of all trades; competent in many areas.

Мой дед был мастером на все руки.

Informal
"Собаку съел"

— To have vast experience and competence in something.

Он в этом вопросе собаку съел.

Informal
"Не лыком шит"

— Not simple; possessing hidden competence or cleverness.

Наш новый инженер не лыком шит.

Informal
"На своём месте"

— To be perfectly competent and suited for a role.

Этот министр действительно на своём месте.

Neutral
"Голова на плечах"

— To be sensible and competent.

У него есть голова на плечах, он справится.

Informal
"Золотые руки"

— To have high manual competence/skill.

У этого хирурга золотые руки.

Neutral
"Знать как свои пять пальцев"

— To know something with total competence.

Он знает этот город как свои пять пальцев.

Informal
"Держать марку"

— To maintain a high level of professional competence/reputation.

Наш отель всегда держит марку.

Neutral
"Бить в цель"

— To act with precision and competence.

Его аргументы всегда бьют в цель.

Neutral

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

관련

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Competent Tent'. To build a 'компе-ТЕНТ-ность', you need to be a professional who knows how to keep the tent standing.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person standing on top of a mountain of books, holding a tool perfectly. The books are knowledge, the tool is skill, and the balance is компетентность.

Word Web

Знания Умения Навыки Опыт Работа Успех Профессионализм Эксперт

챌린지

Try to use 'компетентность' in a sentence about your favorite hobby today. For example: 'Моя компетентность в кулинарии растёт'.

어원

From Latin 'competentia' (meeting together, agreement, symmetry), from 'competere' (to coincide, to be fit). It entered Russian via German 'Kompetenz' or French 'compétence' in the 18th-19th centuries.

원래 의미: Suitability or fitness for a purpose.

Indo-European (Latin -> Romance -> Germanic -> Slavic loanword).

문화적 맥락

In English, 'competence' can sometimes sound like a bare minimum (e.g., 'he is competent' can mean 'he is just okay'). In Russian, 'высокая компетентность' is a very strong positive endorsement.

The Peter Principle (Принцип Питера) discusses how people rise to their level of incompetence (некомпетентность). The Dunning-Kruger Effect is often discussed in Russian media using the term 'метакогн
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