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B2 adjective 9분 분량

grundad

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 grundad 30초 만에

설명 grundad in your Level:

At the A1 level, you will mostly see 'grundad' as the past participle of the verb 'grunda' (to found). It is used to say when a company, city, or school was started. For example, 'Företaget är grundat 2010'. You don't need to worry about the complex legal meanings yet. Just remember that it means something was built or started from the beginning. It is often followed by a year. Think of it like 'born' for companies. It is a useful word when you are introducing yourself and your work, or talking about the history of your hometown in very simple terms. You might see it on signs or in the 'About' section of a website.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'grundad' to describe the basis of simple things. You might say 'Min åsikt är grundad på vad jag såg'. You are starting to connect ideas with evidence. You also learn that the word changes its ending: 'en grundad skola' but 'ett grundat företag'. You might also hear it in simple news stories about organizations. It's a step up from just saying 'startade'. Using 'grundad' makes your Swedish sound a bit more formal and precise when talking about the origins of things. You should also recognize the word 'bakgrund' (background), which is related.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'grundad' to justify your opinions in discussions. You will use it with prepositions like 'på' and 'i'. For example, 'Mitt beslut är grundat på fakta'. You are also introduced to the common compound 'välgrundad' (well-founded). This is very useful for the speaking and writing parts of the B1 exams, where you need to show that you can argue a point. You also start to see the word in more varied contexts, such as psychological 'grounding' or in more complex historical texts. You should understand that it implies a solid foundation.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, 'grundad' becomes a key tool for professional and academic Swedish. You must understand its legal significance, especially the phrase 'grundad misstanke' (reasonable suspicion). You will use it to analyze texts and evaluate whether an author's claims are 'välgrundade'. You should also be able to distinguish between 'grundad' and its synonyms like 'baserad' or 'underbyggd'. At this level, you use the word to add weight and authority to your speech. You understand the nuance between being 'grundad på' (evidence-based) and 'grundad i' (rooted in a philosophy or feeling). Your grammar should be perfect regarding the adjective agreement (grundat/grundade).

At the C1 level, you use 'grundad' with precision in complex academic or legal arguments. You understand the subtle differences in register between 'grundad', 'stiftad', and 'konstituerad'. You can discuss the 'grundade värderingar' (established values) of a society and how they evolve. You use the word to critique research, noting where a theory might be 'bristfälligt grundad' (poorly founded). You are also aware of the word's history and its metaphorical depth in literature. In professional writing, you use 'grundad anledning' to provide formal justifications for administrative actions or legal claims.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of the word's every nuance. You can use it rhetorically to build powerful arguments, playing on its literal and metaphorical meanings. You might use it in philosophical discussions about what is 'ontologiskt grundat' (ontologically grounded). You understand the word in all its historical forms and can read older Swedish texts where 'grunda' might have slightly different connotations. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, employing it effortlessly in high-stakes legal, political, or academic environments to convey absolute clarity and authority.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

grundad 30초 만에

Grundad means 'founded' or 'well-founded', describing something established or justified by evidence.
It is the past participle of 'grunda' (to found) and must agree with the noun's gender.
Commonly used in legal ('grundad misstanke'), historical ('grundad 1900'), and psychological contexts.
The compound 'välgrundad' is a frequent way to say an opinion or decision is very solid.

The Swedish word grundad is a versatile adjective and past participle that primarily conveys the idea of something being established, based, or justified. At its core, it stems from the noun grund (ground or foundation), and its usage mirrors this physical metaphor by applying it to abstract concepts like opinions, suspicions, and organizations. When you describe an opinion as grundad, you are asserting that it is not a mere whim or a random guess; rather, it is supported by facts, logic, or evidence. This makes it a crucial word in academic, legal, and professional Swedish. In a legal context, for instance, the term grundad misstanke (reasonable suspicion) represents a specific threshold of evidence required for certain police actions. Beyond the realm of logic and law, grundad is also the standard word used to describe the creation or establishment of institutions. If a school was started in 1920, one would say it was grundad then. In recent years, a psychological nuance has also emerged, where being grundad refers to a person being emotionally stable, mindful, and 'grounded' in their sense of self. This multifaceted nature makes it an essential term for B2 learners who are moving from basic communication to more nuanced argumentation and formal description.

Etymological Root: Derived from the Old Norse 'grund', meaning bottom or ground, reflecting the structural necessity of a base for any building or idea.

Hans beslut var väl grundat i åratal av forskning och noggranna observationer.

Legal Usage: In Swedish law, 'skälig misstanke' and 'grundad misstanke' are distinct levels of certainty, with 'grundad' implying a higher degree of evidentiary support.

Staden blev grundad av kungen under medeltiden för att skydda handelsvägarna.

Psychological Context: Modern Swedish speakers use 'grundad' to describe someone who is calm, centered, and not easily swayed by external stress.

Efter sin meditation kände hon sig mer grundad och redo att möta dagens utmaningar.

Är din kritik verkligen grundad på fakta, eller är det bara din personliga åsikt?

Using grundad correctly requires an understanding of Swedish adjective agreement and the specific contexts in which the word thrives. Because it functions as both an adjective and a past participle, it must match the gender and number of the noun it modifies. For common gender nouns (en-words), use grundad; for neuter gender nouns (ett-words), use grundat; and for plural or definite forms, use grundade. For example, 'en grundad åsikt' (a well-founded opinion), 'ett grundat beslut' (a well-founded decision), and 'de grundade misstankarna' (the well-founded suspicions). One of the most frequent ways you will encounter this word is paired with the adverb väl (well), as in välgrundad. This compound emphasizes that the foundation is particularly strong or thorough. In academic writing, you might state that a hypothesis is grundad i empiri (grounded in empirical evidence). In business, you often see it in the passive voice: 'Företaget grundades 1995' (The company was founded in 1995). Here, grundades is the past tense passive form of the verb grunda, but the adjective grundad is used when describing the state of the company. It is also important to note the prepositional patterns: you are usually grundad på (based on) something or grundad i (grounded in) something. Choosing between 'på' and 'in' can be subtle; 'på' often refers to the evidence or data (the platform), while 'i' refers to the underlying philosophy or environment (the soil).

Agreement Rule: En-word: grundad. Ett-word: grundat. Plural: grundade. Definite: grundade.

Våra farhågor visade sig vara helt grundade när vi såg resultaten.

Adverbial Pairing: Välgrundad is the most common compound, used to add weight to arguments or theories.

Det finns grundad anledning att tro att marknaden kommer att vända snart.

The Passive Verb: Note the difference: 'Han grundade (verb) firman' vs 'Firman är grundad (adjective/participle)'.

Deras teori är grundad på omfattande statistiska data.

De grundade värderingarna i vårt samhälle ifrågasätts allt oftare.

In the daily life of a Swedish speaker, grundad appears most frequently in news broadcasts, legal discussions, and history books. If you watch the Swedish evening news (Rapport or Aktuellt), you will often hear journalists discuss whether a political decision was välgrundat or if the police have grundad misstanke against a suspect. This specific legal phrase is part of the common vocabulary because Swedish crime dramas (Nordic Noir) and real-life court reporting use it constantly. In an office setting, you might hear a manager ask, 'Är din oro grundad i något specifikt?' (Is your concern based on something specific?), which is a polite way of asking for evidence before taking action. If you visit a museum or read a plaque on an old building, you will inevitably see the phrase 'Byggnaden är grundad...' followed by a date. This historical usage is almost ubiquitous. Furthermore, in the world of Swedish 'friluftsliv' (outdoor life) and mindfulness, yoga instructors and therapists frequently use the term to describe a state of being mentally present and stable. They might tell you to 'känna dig grundad i din kropp' (feel grounded in your body). Finally, in the educational sphere, teachers often evaluate students' essays by looking for 'välgrundade resonemang' (well-founded arguments), a key criterion for higher grades in the Swedish school system.

News & Media: Used to evaluate the validity of claims made by politicians or corporations.

Polisen meddelade att det fanns grundad misstanke om brott.

Business Context: Commonly found in 'Om oss' (About us) sections of websites to denote the company's start date.

Vår förening är grundad på principer om jämlikhet och öppenhet.

Academic Feedback: Professors use it to describe research that has a solid theoretical framework.

Hennes analys är djupt grundad i sociologisk teori.

Ryktena om att skolan ska stänga visade sig vara helt ogrundade.

One of the most frequent pitfalls for learners is the confusion between the adjective grundad and the adjective grund. While they share the same root, grund means 'shallow' in a physical or metaphorical sense (like shallow water or a shallow personality). Grundad, however, refers to the existence of a foundation. If you say a person is 'grund', you are insulting their lack of depth; if you say they are 'grundad', you are praising their stability. Another common error involves preposition choice. English speakers often want to use 'baserad på' (based on) in every situation. While 'baserad på' is perfectly correct Swedish, 'grundad på' is often preferred in more formal or traditional contexts. Using 'grundad' can make your Swedish sound more sophisticated and less like a direct translation from English. Learners also struggle with the agreement of the past participle when it follows the verb vara (to be) or bliva (to become). Remember: 'Huset är grundat' (The house is founded/established) but 'Husen är grundade' (The houses are founded/established). Misaligning the gender or number is a hallmark of lower-level Swedish. Finally, be careful not to use grundad when you simply mean 'caused by'. Use grundad på for the evidence or origin, but orsakad av for the direct cause of an event. For example, a fire is orsakad av a short circuit, but a decision to change the law is grundad på a need for more safety.

Shallow vs Grounded: Mistaking 'grund' (shallow) for 'grundad' (founded/grounded) changes the meaning entirely.

Fel: Vattnet är grundat. Rätt: Vattnet är grundt (shallow).

Anglicism Trap: Overusing 'baserad på' instead of the more formal 'grundad på' in academic contexts.

Fel: Ett grundad beslut. Rätt: Ett grundat beslut.

Causality vs Basis: Distinguish between the cause (orsak) and the foundation (grund).

Misstanken var grundad på vittnesmål, inte på gissningar.

Stiftelsen grundades år 1901 för att främja vetenskaplig forskning.

To truly master grundad, you should understand how it compares to its synonyms and near-synonyms. The most common alternative is baserad (based). While often interchangeable, grundad feels more organic and permanent, whereas baserad can feel more technical or temporary. Another important word is underbyggd (supported/substantiated). This is frequently used in academic settings to describe arguments that have strong evidence underneath them. If you say an argument is väl underbyggt, you are specifically praising the quality of the supporting data. Then there is befogad (justified/warranted). This is often used with emotions or reactions; for example, 'en befogad rädsla' (a justified fear). While grundad looks at the foundation, befogad looks at whether the reaction is appropriate for the situation. In the context of starting an organization, etablerad (established) is a close relative. However, etablerad implies that the organization is not just started, but has also gained a firm footing and reputation. Grundad only refers to the act of creation. In more formal or archaic Swedish, you might see stiftad, which is specifically used for laws or foundations (stiftelser). Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the exact right word for your context, moving from basic fluency to sophisticated expression.

Baserad: More common in technical contexts; 'baserad på en sann historia'.

Underbyggd: Specifically used for arguments, theories, and intellectual positions.

Befogad: Used when discussing if a feeling or action is 'fair' or 'right' given the facts.

Hennes påstående var väl underbyggt med källhänvisningar.

Kritiken mot den nya lagen anses vara mycket befogad.

Vår vänskap är grundad på ömsesidig respekt och tillit.

Denna teori är baserad på de senaste rönen inom fysik.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In Swedish, 'grund' can also mean 'shallow' (about water). This leads to a linguistic irony where the same root word describes both the solid foundation ('grundad') and the lack of depth ('grund').

발음 가이드

UK /ˈɡrɵndad/

US /ˈɡrʊndəd/

Stress is on the first syllable: GRUND-ad.

라임이 맞는 단어

rundad hundad blundad stundad kundad mundad sundad vundad

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'u' like the 'u' in 'bus' (Swedish 'u' is very different).
Making the 'd' at the end silent (it should be heard).
Pronouncing it like 'grounded' in English.
Stress on the second syllable.
Confusing the vowel with 'ö'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Common in news and formal texts, but requires understanding of agreement.

쓰기 4/5

Requires knowledge of prepositions (på vs i) and formal context.

말하기 3/5

Useful for discussions but less common in very casual chat.

듣기 3/5

Easily recognized once you know the root 'grund'.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

grund på i vara fakta

다음에 배울 것

underbyggd befogad stiftelse anledning misstanke

고급

exegetik ontologisk konstitutionell diskurs epistemologisk

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Agreement

En grundad tanke, ett grundat beslut, grundade tankar.

Passive with -s vs vara + participle

Företaget grundades (action) vs Företaget är grundat (state).

Compound Adjectives

Välgrundad (well + founded) follows standard compound rules.

Prepositional Choice

Use 'på' for evidence and 'i' for roots/philosophy.

Antonym Formation

Add the prefix 'o-' to create 'ogrundad' (unfounded).

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수준별 예문

Företaget är grundat år 1990.

The company was founded in the year 1990.

Here 'grundat' agrees with the neuter noun 'företaget'.

Skolan är grundad av min farfar.

The school was founded by my grandfather.

Here 'grundad' agrees with the common noun 'skolan'.

När var staden grundad?

When was the city founded?

A common question structure using the passive sense.

Denna butik är grundad nyligen.

This shop was founded recently.

Adverb 'nyligen' modifies the timing of the state.

Vår klubb är grundad för barn.

Our club is founded for children.

The preposition 'för' shows the purpose.

Är din familj grundad här?

Is your family established/rooted here?

Using the word to mean 'rooted' or 'settled'.

Huset är grundat på sten.

The house is founded on stone.

Literal use of the word regarding construction.

Min lilla firma är grundad i år.

My small firm was founded this year.

Time expression 'i år' (this year).

Hans åsikt är grundad på fakta.

His opinion is based on facts.

Introduction of the abstract use: based on evidence.

Vi har en grundad plan för resan.

We have a well-founded plan for the trip.

Using it as an attributive adjective.

Är din rädsla verkligen grundad?

Is your fear really well-founded?

Questioning the validity of an emotion.

De grundade en ny förening igår.

They founded a new association yesterday.

Past tense of the verb 'grunda'.

Beslutet var grundat på erfarenhet.

The decision was based on experience.

Agreement with 'beslutet' (ett-word).

Många städer är grundade vid vatten.

Many cities are founded by water.

Plural agreement 'grundade' with 'städer'.

Är informationen grundad i verkligheten?

Is the information grounded in reality?

Preposition 'i' used for 'grounded in'.

Hennes kritik kändes inte grundad.

Her criticism didn't feel well-founded.

Using 'kändes' (felt) with the adjective.

Det är viktigt med en välgrundad åsikt.

It is important to have a well-founded opinion.

The compound 'välgrundad' is very common at this level.

Misstanken mot honom var väl grundad.

The suspicion against him was well-founded.

Adverb 'väl' separated for emphasis.

Deras teori är grundad i gammal tradition.

Their theory is grounded in old tradition.

Preposition 'i' used for cultural/philosophical roots.

Jag känner mig mer grundad efter min yoga.

I feel more grounded after my yoga.

Psychological/Mindfulness usage.

Är dessa anklagelser verkligen grundade?

Are these accusations really well-founded?

Plural agreement with 'anklagelser'.

De grundade företaget mitt under krisen.

They founded the company right in the middle of the crisis.

Verb usage in a specific time context.

Argumentet är grundat på logik.

The argument is based on logic.

Focus on the basis of reasoning.

Vi behöver en mer grundad analys av läget.

We need a more well-founded analysis of the situation.

Comparative 'mer' with the adjective.

Det föreligger en grundad misstanke om brott.

There is a reasonable suspicion of a crime.

Formal legal terminology.

Kritiken mot förslaget är väl grundad i lagstiftningen.

The criticism of the proposal is well-founded in the legislation.

Using 'i' to refer to a legal framework.

Hennes ledarskap är grundat på förtroende.

Her leadership is based on trust.

Abstract basis for professional behavior.

Är din oro grundad på konkreta bevis?

Is your concern based on concrete evidence?

Focus on 'konkreta bevis' (concrete evidence).

Forskningen är grundad på decennier av studier.

The research is based on decades of studies.

Emphasizing the long-term foundation.

De kände en grundad oro för framtiden.

They felt a well-founded concern for the future.

Adjective modifying an emotional state.

Rapporten är grundad på intervjuer med experter.

The report is based on interviews with experts.

Source-based foundation.

Organisationen är grundad på demokratiska värderingar.

The organization is founded on democratic values.

Value-based foundation.

Slutsatsen framstår som synnerligen väl grundad.

The conclusion appears to be particularly well-founded.

Using 'synnerligen' (particularly) for high formality.

Det finns grundad anledning att ifrågasätta metoden.

There is good reason to question the method.

Formal phrase 'grundad anledning'.

Analysen är djupt grundad i den fenomenologiska traditionen.

The analysis is deeply grounded in the phenomenological tradition.

Advanced academic register.

Misstankarna visade sig vara helt ogrundade.

The suspicions turned out to be completely unfounded.

Using the antonym 'ogrundad'.

Deras anspråk är grundat på historisk hävd.

Their claim is based on historical right/prescription.

Legal/Historical term 'hävd'.

Han är en person som verkar mycket grundad i sig själv.

He is a person who seems very grounded in himself.

Deep psychological description.

Är detta påstående verkligen empiriskt grundat?

Is this claim really empirically grounded?

Scientific terminology 'empiriskt'.

Beslutet fattades på grundad kännedom om förhållandena.

The decision was made based on well-founded knowledge of the conditions.

Formal administrative language.

Den juridiska prövningen vilar på en grundad tolkning av praxis.

The legal review rests on a well-founded interpretation of precedent.

Highest level of legal precision.

Verket är grundat på en omfattande exegetik av källtexterna.

The work is based on an extensive exegesis of the source texts.

Specialized academic vocabulary.

Hennes kritik är inte bara befogad, den är även teoretiskt grundad.

Her criticism is not only justified, it is also theoretically grounded.

Nuanced distinction between 'befogad' and 'grundad'.

Är maktutövningen i detta fall konstitutionellt grundad?

Is the exercise of power in this case constitutionally grounded?

Political science/Constitutional law context.

Deras världsbild är grundad i en föråldrad diskurs.

Their worldview is grounded in an outdated discourse.

Critical theory/Sociological terminology.

Det krävs en mer grundad epistemologisk ansats i studien.

A more well-founded epistemological approach is required in the study.

Philosophical rigor.

Anklagelsen om korruption visade sig vara väl grundad i beviskedjan.

The accusation of corruption proved to be well-founded in the chain of evidence.

Complex legal narrative.

Stiftelsens syfte är grundat i grundarens sista vilja.

The foundation's purpose is grounded in the founder's last will.

Formal legal/Historical context.

자주 쓰는 조합

grundad misstanke

välgrundad åsikt

grundad på fakta

grundad anledning

bli grundad

känna sig grundad

teoretiskt grundad

empiriskt grundad

grundad i tradition

helt grundad

자주 쓰는 구문

På goda grunder

— With good reason. Used to justify an action or belief.

Han agerade på goda grunder.

I grund och botten

— At the end of the day; fundamentally. Related to the root word.

Han är en snäll människa i grund och botten.

Gå till grunden med något

— To get to the bottom of something. Investigating the foundation.

Vi måste gå till grunden med problemet.

Lägga grunden för

— To lay the foundation for. Setting the stage for future success.

De lade grunden för ett nytt samarbete.

Utan grund

— Without basis. Referring to something that is unfounded.

Anklagelsen var helt utan grund.

Från grunden

— From scratch; from the very beginning.

De byggde upp företaget från grunden.

Grundad anledning att anta

— Good reason to assume. A formal way to introduce a logical assumption.

Det finns grundad anledning att anta att han talar sanning.

Vara grundad i

— To be rooted in. Often used for values or philosophies.

Vår kultur är grundad i öppenhet.

Stå på fast grund

— To stand on solid ground. Being in a secure or well-justified position.

Ekonomin står på fast grund.

Grunda sig på

— To be based on. The verbal form of the adjective.

Min teori grundar sig på ny forskning.

자주 혼동되는 단어

grundad vs grund

Means 'shallow'. Don't say 'vattnet är grundat' if you mean the water isn't deep.

grundad vs baserad

A synonym, but 'baserad' is more modern/technical while 'grundad' is more traditional.

grundad vs anledning

Often used together, but 'anledning' is the 'reason' while 'grundad' is the 'justification'.

관용어 및 표현

"Gå i grunden"

— To sink (about a ship) or to be completely destroyed. Uses the literal 'bottom'.

Skeppet gick i grunden.

neutral

"Falla till föga"

— To give in or yield. While not using the word 'grundad', it is the opposite of standing one's ground.

Han ville inte falla till föga.

literary

"Sätta grundskott"

— To deal a fatal blow. Literally a shot below the waterline.

Kritiken satte ett grundskott mot hans karriär.

metaphorical

"Ha kött på benen"

— To have substance or proof. A common idiom for being 'well-founded'.

Du måste ha mer kött på benen innan du anklagar honom.

informal

"Bygga på lösan sand"

— To build on shifting sand. The direct opposite of being 'grundad'.

Deras affärsmodell bygger på lösan sand.

metaphorical

"Se om sitt hus"

— To look after one's interests/foundation.

Det är dags att se om sitt hus.

neutral

"Vara på djupt vatten"

— To be in over one's head. The opposite of being 'grundad' (grounded).

Han är på djupt vatten i den här frågan.

informal

"Dra undan mattan"

— To pull the rug out from under someone. Removing their foundation.

Beslutet drog undan mattan för hela projektet.

informal

"Stå pall"

— To stand firm. Related to the stability of being grounded.

Hon stod pall trots all kritik.

informal

"Röra upp himmel och jord"

— To make a huge scene. The opposite of a 'grundad' (grounded) person.

Hon rörde upp himmel och jord när hon fick höra nyheten.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

grundad vs grund

Shared root.

Grund is the noun (ground) or adjective (shallow). Grundad is the state of being founded/justified.

Sjön är grund (shallow). Teorin är grundad (well-founded).

grundad vs grundlig

Similar sound.

Grundlig means 'thorough' or 'in-depth'. Grundad means 'founded'.

Han gjorde en grundlig undersökning.

grundad vs grundläggande

Similar meaning.

Grundläggande means 'fundamental' or 'basic'. Grundad means 'established'.

Det är en grundläggande rättighet.

grundad vs begrundad

Very similar spelling.

Begrundad is rarely used; the verb 'begrunda' means to 'ponder/contemplate'.

Han begrundade (pondered) sina val.

grundad vs underbyggd

Synonymous in academic contexts.

Underbyggd specifically refers to the evidence 'under' an argument.

Ditt påstående är inte underbyggt.

문장 패턴

[Noun] är grundat [Year].

Företaget är grundat 1995.

Min [Noun] är grundad på [Noun].

Min åsikt är grundad på fakta.

Det är en välgrundad [Noun].

Det är en välgrundad analys.

Det finns grundad anledning att [Verb].

Det finns grundad anledning att tvivla.

[Noun] är djupt grundad i [Philosophical/Legal framework].

Beslutet är djupt grundat i praxis.

En [Adjective] grundad [Noun] av [Noun].

En teoretiskt grundad dekonstruktion av verket.

Jag känner mig [Adverb] grundad.

Jag känner mig helt grundad.

Är [Noun] verkligen [Adverb] grundad?

Är kritiken verkligen sakligt grundad?

어휘 가족

명사

grund

grundande

grundare

grundning

grundval

동사

grunda

grundas

grundmåla

형용사

grundad

grundlig

grundläggande

välgrundad

ogrundad

사용법

frequency

Common in news, law, and history; moderate in daily speech.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'grundad' for shallow water. → Sjön är grund.
Grundad is for foundations/justifications; grund is for lack of depth.
Ett grundad beslut. → Ett grundat beslut.
The adjective must agree with the neuter noun 'beslut'.
Jag är grundad (meaning 'I am punished'). → Jag har utegångsförbud.
Swedish 'grundad' does not mean punished like English 'grounded'.
Misstanken är grundad i stöld. → Misstanken är grundad på stöld.
In legal contexts, 'på' is typically used for the specific crime or evidence.
Företaget grundade 1920. → Företaget grundades 1920.
You need the passive 's' to show the company was founded by someone.

팁

Watch the endings

Always check the noun gender. En åsikt -> grundad. Ett beslut -> grundat. This is a common test question in B2 exams.

Use 'Välgrundad'

If you want to sound more professional in your Swedish writing, use 'välgrundad' instead of just 'bra' or 'riktig' when describing arguments.

Legal Nuance

If you read Swedish crime novels, 'grundad misstanke' is your key to understanding how close the police are to making an arrest.

Internal Stability

Use 'grundad' to describe your mental state during a job interview or a stressful event to show you are in control.

Museum Labels

Look for 'grundad' on plaques in old towns like Gamla Stan in Stockholm. It's a great way to see the word in its natural habitat.

Academic Rigor

In a thesis, always specify what your study is 'grundad på' (e.g., qualitative interviews) to establish credibility.

Challenge Logic

Asking 'Är det där verkligen grundat?' is a polite but firm way to ask for proof in a discussion.

News Keywords

When you hear 'ogrundad' on the news, it usually means a scandal or a rumor has been debunked.

Think Roots

Think of the word 'Ground'. A grounded tree has roots; a grounded opinion has facts. The logic is identical.

Basis of Truth

If something isn't 'grundat', it's just 'luft' (air). Use this contrast to remember the word.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the 'Ground'. If something is 'grundad', it is literally 'grounded'. It has a solid floor beneath it, so it won't fall down when people push it (with questions or doubt).

시각적 연상

Visualize a massive stone foundation of a cathedral. On top of the foundation, someone has placed a book (representing an opinion) or a building with a company logo. The stone keeps everything stable.

Word Web

Grund (noun) Grunda (verb) Välgrundad (adjective) Ogrundad (antonym) Grundad misstanke (phrase) Grundare (founder) Bakgrund (background) Grundlag (constitution)

챌린지

Try to use 'grundad' in three different ways today: once for a company's history, once for an opinion you have, and once for how you feel after a coffee break.

어원

The word 'grundad' comes from the Swedish verb 'grunda', which is derived from the noun 'grund'. This noun has its roots in the Old Norse word 'grund', meaning 'bottom', 'ground', or 'foundation'. It is cognate with the English word 'ground' and the German word 'Grund'.

원래 의미: The original meaning referred specifically to the bottom of a body of water or the foundation of a building.

North Germanic / Indo-European.

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, but ensure you don't confuse 'grundad' with 'grund' when describing people, as 'grund' can be an insult (shallow).

English speakers might use 'grounded' mostly for people or electricity, but in Swedish, 'grundad' is much more common for legal and academic justifications.

Sveriges rikes lag (The Law of Sweden) uses 'grundad misstanke' extensively. Nobelstiftelsen (The Nobel Foundation) is often described as 'grundad av Alfred Nobel'. Stockholms grundande (The founding of Stockholm) by Birger Jarl in 1252.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Legal/Police

grundad misstanke
grundad anledning
lagligt grundad
bevisgrundad

Academic/Research

välgrundad analys
teoretiskt grundad
empiriskt grundad
underbyggd tes

History/Business

grundat år
grundad av
familjegrundat
nystartat och grundat

Psychology/Wellness

känna sig grundad
emotionellt grundad
grundad i nuet
mentalt grundad

Daily Debate

grundad åsikt
helt ogrundad
vad är det grundat på?
det är inte grundat i verkligheten

대화 시작하기

"Är din åsikt om den nya lagen verkligen grundad på fakta?"

"Vet du när det här företaget blev grundat?"

"Jag känner mig så grundad efter min semester, gör du också det?"

"Tycker du att polisen hade grundad misstanke i det här fallet?"

"Är din kritik grundad i personliga erfarenheter eller vad du har läst?"

일기 주제

Reflektera över en åsikt du har som är djupt grundad i dina värderingar.

Beskriv en gång när du kände dig helt grundad och lugn i en svår situation.

Skriv om ett företag eller en organisation du skulle vilja se grundad i framtiden.

Hur vet man om en misstanke är grundad eller bara en gissning?

Är dina framtidsplaner grundade i verkligheten eller är de bara drömmar?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Mostly yes, but with a wider range. In English, 'grounded' is often for people (calm) or electricity. In Swedish, 'grundad' is used for these, but very importantly also for whether an opinion is 'well-founded' or if a company is 'founded'. In English, we usually use separate words for these.

Use 'grundad på' when referring to the evidence or facts that act as a platform (e.g., 'grundad på statistik'). Use 'grundad i' when referring to a deeper, more internal source like a philosophy, tradition, or feeling (e.g., 'grundad i kärlek').

No. In English, a child can be 'grounded' as a punishment. In Swedish, this is called 'utegångsförbud' (exit-prohibition). 'Grundad' for a person in Swedish always means they are stable and calm.

It is a legal term. In the Swedish legal system, there are different levels of suspicion. 'Grundad misstanke' is a higher level than 'misstanke' and is required for certain investigative measures by the police.

It is usually written as one word ('välgrundad') when used as an adjective, but it can be two ('väl grundad') if you want to emphasize the adverb 'väl'.

Yes, but usually in a historical sense. You say a city or an institution was 'grundad'. For the actual physical foundation of a house, you might say 'huset står på en stabil grund'.

Only if you mean the car has a layer of 'primer' paint (grundfärg). In that context, it means 'primed'. It doesn't mean the car is 'well-founded'!

Use 'ogrundad'. It is the direct opposite and very common for dismissing rumors or false accusations.

It spans from neutral to formal. It's common in news and law, but perfectly fine in everyday conversation when discussing serious topics.

No. You wouldn't say a soup is 'grundad' unless you are speaking very metaphorically about its cultural origins.

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