Understanding how to use 欠款 (qiànkuǎn) correctly is super important for talking about money, especially when it comes to owing or being owed. Let's break down how this word works in different contexts.
§ Basic Usage: What is Owed
The simplest way to use 欠款 is to talk about the money that is owed. It's often used with verbs like 有 (yǒu - to have), 还 (huán - to return/pay back), or 追讨 (zhuītǎo - to demand payment).
他有一笔很大的欠款。
- Translation Hint
- He has a large amount of debt.
他还没有还清所有欠款。
- Translation Hint
- He hasn't paid back all the money owed yet.
§ Specifying the Type or Source of Debt
You can make 欠款 more specific by adding details before it, describing what kind of debt it is or where it came from.
- 公司欠款 (gōngsī qiànkuǎn): Company debt
- 信用卡欠款 (xìnyòngkǎ qiànkuǎn): Credit card debt
- 房租欠款 (fángzū qiànkuǎn): Rent arrears
他最近有很多信用卡欠款。
- Translation Hint
- He has a lot of credit card debt recently.
由于经济困难，他无法偿还房租欠款。
- Translation Hint
- Due to financial difficulties, he cannot repay the rent arrears.
§ Actions Related to Debt
You'll often see 欠款 paired with verbs that describe actions taken regarding the debt. Here are some common ones:
- 偿还欠款 (chánghuán qiànkuǎn): To repay debt
- 拖欠欠款 (tuōqiàn qiànkuǎn): To default on debt/delay payment
- 追讨欠款 (zhuītǎo qiànkuǎn): To demand repayment of debt
- 清偿欠款 (qīngcháng qiànkuǎn): To clear/settle debt
公司正在积极偿还所有欠款。
- Translation Hint
- The company is actively repaying all debts.
他因为拖欠欠款被起诉了。
- Translation Hint
- He was sued for defaulting on his debt.
§ 欠款 with Numbers and Measure Words
When you're talking about a specific amount of debt, you'll use numbers and measure words. The most common measure word for 欠款 is 一笔 (yībǐ), which is used for sums of money or transactions.
他有一笔很大的欠款要还。
- Translation Hint
- He has a large debt to repay.
这家公司拖欠了数百万的欠款。
- Translation Hint
- This company defaulted on millions in debt.
Knowing these structures will help you use 欠款 naturally and accurately in your Chinese conversations. Keep practicing, and you'll get the hang of it!
수준별 예문
我没有欠款。
I have no debt.
他有很多欠款。
He has a lot of debt.
请付欠款。
Please pay the arrears.
公司有欠款。
The company has money owed.
他们需要还欠款。
They need to repay the debt.
这份欠款很大。
This debt is large.
银行有欠款问题。
The bank has a debt problem.
小王没有欠款。
Xiao Wang has no debt.
셀프 테스트 12 질문
公司因经营不善，累积了大量___。
Here, '欠款' refers to the money the company owes due to poor management. '贷款' (loan) is money borrowed, '存款' (deposit) is money saved, and '货款' (payment for goods) is for transactions, none fit the context of accumulated financial burden as well as '欠款'.
他每个月都在努力偿还信用卡___。
When talking about credit cards, '欠款' specifically refers to the outstanding balance or money owed. '账单' (bill) is the statement, '费用' (fee) is a charge, and '余额' (balance) can be credit or debit.
如果你不按时支付___，银行会收取滞纳金。
This sentence is about the penalty for not paying money owed on time. '欠款' directly means the money owed. '账目' (accounts) is too general, '利息' (interest) is an additional charge, and '本金' (principal) is the original amount, not the specific money overdue.
由于经济困难，很多小企业面临着巨大的___问题。
In a context of economic difficulty, '欠款' (debt) is a major problem for businesses. '收入' (income) and '利润' (profit) are positive financial aspects, while '投资' (investment) is an outflow of funds, not a problem caused by economic hardship in this context.
法院判决他必须偿还所有___。
A court typically orders the repayment of '欠款' (money owed). '赔偿' (compensation) is for damages, '款项' (funds) is general, and '罚款' (fine) is a penalty, not necessarily money owed from a prior transaction or loan.
他向朋友借了一笔钱，现在有了___，他感到很不安。
After borrowing money from a friend, having '欠款' (money owed) is the direct consequence that would make him feel uneasy. While '压力' (pressure) and '困扰' (trouble) are related emotions, '欠款' is the specific financial state. '债务' (debt) is a synonym but '欠款' fits perfectly as the specific money owed.
This sentence describes someone repaying all their debts. The order follows a standard subject-verb-object structure, with '所有 的' (all of) modifying '欠款' (debts).
This sentence explains why someone couldn't pay a debt on time. '由于...，' (Due to...) introduces the reason, followed by the subject, adverbial phrase '无法 按时' (unable to on time), and the verb-object '支付 欠款' (pay debt).
This sentence describes a company's effort to recover overdue debts. '正在' (in the process of) indicates ongoing action, '努力 追回' (work hard to recover) is the main action, and '拖欠 的' (overdue) modifies '欠款' (debts).
/ 12 correct
Perfect score!
관련 콘텐츠
business 관련 단어
本事
A2Skill; ability; capability.
相应地
B1Correspondingly.
账号
A2account (e.g., bank, online)
客户经理
A2account manager
账户
B1A record of financial transactions for an individual or business, usually at a bank; or a user profile for a digital service.
会计
A2accounting, accountant
收购
B1To purchase; to acquire (a company).
商业活动
A2Business activity.
广告费
A2Advertising expenses.
调整
B1To change something slightly in order to make it more correct, effective, or suitable.
