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B1 adjective 9분 분량

能力弱

nengliru
예시 能力弱 30초 만에
설명 能力弱 in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to describe people and things. You can think of 能力弱 (nénglì ruò) as a way to say 'not good at doing things.' At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just remember that 能力 means 'ability' and 弱 means 'weak.' You can use it in very simple sentences like 'He is weak' (他能力弱). It's helpful to learn this alongside its opposite, 能力强 (nénglì qiáng), which means 'strong ability.' Think of it like a game: some characters have high power (强), and some have low power (弱). Even at A1, knowing this word helps you understand basic feedback in a classroom or a simple story about someone struggling with a task. You might hear a teacher say 'listening ability is weak' (听力能力弱) to help you focus on what to practice. Focus on the two characters separately first: 能 (can), 力 (power/strength), and 弱 (weak). This makes the whole phrase easier to digest.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 能力弱 with degree adverbs like 很 (hěn - very) or 比较 (bǐjiào - relatively). You are now able to provide more specific descriptions. Instead of just saying someone is 'not good,' you can say 'His working ability is relatively weak' (他的工作能力比较弱). This level is about expanding your adjectives and making your sentences more natural. You should practice connecting 能力弱 to specific nouns, like 学习 (learning) or 运动 (sports). For example, 'My sports ability is weak' (我的运动能力弱). This helps you talk about your hobbies and daily life. You should also recognize that this is a more polite way to criticize someone than calling them 'bad' or 'stupid.' It sounds more like an objective fact. When you see this phrase in a text, look for the 'who' and the 'what'—who is the person, and what specific ability are they talking about? This will help you improve your reading comprehension significantly.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more professional and social situations. 能力弱 becomes a key term for discussing job performance, strengths, and weaknesses. In a job interview, you might be asked to talk about a time you felt your 能力弱 and how you improved it. You should start using the structure [Verb/Activity] + 能力弱 more fluently. For instance, 沟通能力弱 (weak communication skills) or 适应能力弱 (weak adaptability). At this level, you should also understand the cultural context: calling a colleague 能力弱 is a serious matter and is usually reserved for formal evaluations. In casual conversation, you might use it to describe a sports team or a fictional character. You should also be able to compare abilities using 比 (bǐ), such as 'My writing ability is weaker than my speaking ability' (我的写作能力比口语能力弱). This shows you can weigh different skills against each other, which is a key B1 competency.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using 能力弱 in argumentative essays and formal reports. You can discuss the causes and effects of weak ability in a societal context. For example, you might write about how a 创新能力弱 (weak innovation ability) can hinder a company's growth. You should also be familiar with more advanced synonyms and how they differ from 能力弱, such as 平庸 (mediocre) or 缺乏竞争力 (lacking competitiveness). At B2, you should notice how this phrase is used in news articles about economics or education. For instance, a report might mention that 'certain regions have weak disaster prevention capabilities' (某些地区的防灾能力弱). You are no longer just describing people; you are describing systems, organizations, and abstract concepts. You should also be able to use it in the '虽然...但是...' (although... but...) structure to provide a balanced view, such as 'Although he is very hardworking, his current professional ability is still weak' (虽然他很努力，但他目前的专业能力还比较弱).
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At the C1 level, your use of 能力弱 should be nuanced and precise. You should understand the subtle difference between 能力弱 and 实力不足 (insufficient actual strength). 能力 often refers to potential or innate skill, while 实力 refers to accumulated resources and proven power. You should be able to use 能力弱 in high-level professional critiques where you might soften the blow with sophisticated language, such as 'There is a certain gap in his execution capability' (他在执行能力上存在一定的弱点). At this level, you can also analyze the term's use in literature or complex social commentary. You might discuss the 'weakness of individual ability in the face of systemic change.' You should also be able to recognize when 能力弱 is being used sarcastically or as a form of extreme humility in formal Chinese etiquette. Your ability to pick up on these pragmatic nuances—knowing exactly when the term is being used as a shield, a weapon, or a neutral diagnostic tool—is what defines the C1 level.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the phrase 能力弱 and all its varied implications. You can use it in complex legal, academic, or philosophical discussions. You might analyze how the perception of 能力弱 has changed in Chinese society from the Maoist era to the modern capitalist era. You can use the phrase within intricate idioms or create sophisticated metaphors. For example, discussing how 'a leader with weak decision-making ability is like a ship without a rudder' (决策能力弱的领导者就像没有舵的船). You should be able to navigate the most sensitive social situations where this term might come up, using it with perfect tone and register to ensure your message is received exactly as intended. Whether you are writing a policy paper on 'improving the weak self-governance capabilities of rural communities' or debating the merits of meritocracy, 能力弱 is a tool you use with surgical precision, fully aware of its weight and the cultural echoes it carries.
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예시

能力弱 30초 만에

  • Used to describe a lack of skill or competence in a specific area.
  • Commonly found in professional performance reviews and academic feedback.
  • Combines 'nénglì' (ability) and 'ruò' (weak) to form a standard critique.
  • Can be used for individuals, teams, or even larger organizations and systems.

The phrase 能力弱 (nénglì ruò) is a descriptive compound in Chinese that translates literally to "ability is weak" or "weak in capability." In a linguistic sense, it combines the noun 能力 (nénglì), meaning power, capability, or competence, with the adjective 弱 (ruò), meaning weak, frail, or inferior. Together, they form a standard way to describe a person's lack of proficiency or skill in a specific area or generally across their professional and personal life. While it might sound harsh in English to call someone "incapable," in Chinese, 能力弱 is often used as a relatively objective assessment in professional evaluations, academic feedback, or self-deprecating remarks. It is less about a permanent character flaw and more about the current state of one's functional output. For example, a manager might say a new intern's 能力弱 regarding technical skills, implying that there is room for growth but currently, the output is subpar. This distinction is crucial for learners to understand: it targets the skill level rather than the person's inherent worth, though it remains a negative descriptor.

Professional Context
Used in performance reviews to indicate that an employee is not meeting the required standards of their role. It is a formal way to say someone is struggling with their tasks.
Academic Context
Teachers use this to describe students who struggle with specific subjects, such as 逻辑思维能力弱 (weak logical thinking ability).
Self-Reflection
Individuals use it to express humility or acknowledge their own shortcomings in a particular field to avoid over-promising.

因为他的专业能力弱，他没能通过面试。(Because his professional ability is weak, he failed the interview.)

Furthermore, the concept of 能力弱 is often contrasted with 努力 (nǔlì - effort). In Chinese culture, there is a common saying that "diligence can make up for lack of ability" (勤能补拙 - qín néng bǔ zhuō). Therefore, being described as 能力弱 is not always a dead-end; it often serves as a catalyst for encouragement toward more hard work. In competitive environments like the Chinese job market or the Gaokao (college entrance exam) preparation, identifying where one's 能力弱 lies is seen as a strategic necessity for improvement. It is also used in sports to describe a team's lack of tactical execution or physical prowess compared to their opponents. In summary, while the term is inherently critical, its application ranges from objective professional feedback to constructive personal assessment, making it a versatile tool for discussing competence in Mandarin.

这个团队的执行能力弱，导致项目延期。(The execution ability of this team is weak, leading to project delays.)

Using 能力弱 correctly requires an understanding of Chinese sentence structure, particularly the Subject-Predicate adjective structure. Unlike English, where we often use the verb "to be" (e.g., "His ability is weak"), Chinese frequently omits the equivalent "是" (shì) and instead uses an adverb of degree like "很" (hěn) or "比较" (bǐjiào) before the adjective phrase. The most common pattern is [Noun/Person] + [Specific Ability] + [Adverb] + 能力弱. For example, instead of just saying "He is weak," you would say "His learning ability is very weak" (他的学习能力很弱 - Tā de xuéxí nénglì hěn ruò). This specificity is preferred in Mandarin because it clarifies exactly what is being criticized.

Pattern 1: General Description
[Subject] + 能力 + [Degree Adverb] + 弱. Example: 他能力很弱 (Tā nénglì hěn ruò) - He is very incapable.
Pattern 2: Specific Skill Critique
[Subject] + [Skill Name] + 能力 + 弱. Example: 我沟通能力弱 (Wǒ gōutōng nénglì ruò) - My communication skills are weak.
Pattern 3: Attributive Clause
能力弱的 + [Noun]. Example: 能力弱的员工 (nénglì ruò de yuángōng) - Employees with weak ability.

虽然他经验丰富，但技术能力弱。(Although he is experienced, his technical ability is weak.)

Another important aspect is the use of 能力弱 in comparative structures. When comparing two people, you might say "A比B能力弱" (A is weaker in ability than B). This is a common way to justify hiring decisions or team assignments. Additionally, in formal writing, you might see it paired with verbs like "表现出" (biǎoxiàn chū - to manifest/show). For instance, "他在压力下表现出能力弱的一面" (He showed a weak side of his ability under pressure). This makes the critique more nuanced, suggesting that the weakness only appears under certain conditions. Understanding these variations allows a learner to move from simple sentences to complex, professional discourse.

我们不能因为他一次表现能力弱就否定他。(We cannot negate him just because he showed weak ability once.)

In the real world, 能力弱 is a staple of the Chinese corporate and educational lexicon. If you are working in a Chinese office, you will most likely hear this phrase during internal discussions about recruitment or project post-mortems. HR professionals use it to categorize candidates who lack the necessary technical foundations. For example, during a debrief, an interviewer might say, "那个候选人逻辑能力弱" (That candidate's logical ability is weak). This is a standard, professional critique. You will also hear it in news broadcasts or economic reports when discussing the "weak capacity" of certain industries or the "weak purchasing power" (though usually 购买力弱 is used there, 能力 is the root).

At the Office
"由于新员工业务能力弱，我们需要安排额外的培训。" (Since the new employees' business skills are weak, we need to arrange extra training.)
In Schools
"这名学生的自控能力弱，经常在上课时分心。" (This student's self-control ability is weak; they often get distracted in class.)
In Sports Commentary
"客队的防守能力弱，给主队留下了很多机会。" (The visiting team's defensive ability is weak, leaving many opportunities for the home team.)

老板觉得我的社交能力弱，不适合做销售。(The boss thinks my social skills are weak and I'm not suitable for sales.)

Furthermore, in modern Chinese internet culture, the term is sometimes used in a self-mocking way (自黑 - zì hēi). Young people might post on social media about how their "financial management ability is weak" (理财能力弱) after an impulsive shopping spree. This softens the term and uses it for comedic effect. However, in the context of the "996" work culture (working 9am to 9pm, 6 days a week), being labeled as 能力弱 by an employer can be a source of great stress, as it implies a lack of competitiveness in a saturated market. Understanding these diverse environments—from the high-pressure boardroom to the lighthearted social media post—is essential for mastering the usage of 能力弱.

如果你觉得自己某方面的能力弱，就应该多花时间练习。(If you feel that your ability in a certain area is weak, you should spend more time practicing.)

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using 能力弱 is confusing it with other adjectives that describe negative traits, such as 笨 (bèn - stupid) or 懒 (lǎn - lazy). While a person with 能力弱 might produce poor results, it doesn't necessarily mean they lack intelligence or effort. 能力弱 specifically refers to the functional capacity to perform a task. For example, a very smart person might have 能力弱 in manual labor because they have never done it. Another common mistake is using the wrong measure of "weakness." Some students try to use 小 (xiǎo - small) or 低 (dī - low) with 能力. While 水平低 (shuǐpíng dī - low level) is correct, 能力 almost always pairs with 弱 (ruò) or 强 (qiáng).

Mistake 1: Wrong Collocation
Saying 能力小 (nénglì xiǎo) instead of 能力弱 (nénglì ruò). In Chinese, abilities are "strong" or "weak," not "big" or "small."
Mistake 2: Over-generalization
Using 能力弱 to mean "physically weak." For physical weakness, use 身体弱 (shēntǐ ruò) or 虚弱 (xūruò).
Mistake 3: Missing Degree Adverbs
Saying "他能力弱" in a casual sentence without "很" or "比较." Without these, the sentence can sound like a blunt, incomplete statement or a title.

错误：他的能力很低。正确：他的能力很弱。(Incorrect: His ability is very low. Correct: His ability is very weak.)

Additionally, learners often confuse 能力弱 with 没能力 (méi nénglì - has no ability). 没能力 is much more absolute and can be quite insulting, suggesting a total lack of competence. 能力弱 is more of a comparative or degree-based assessment. If you want to be polite, sticking to 能力弱 (perhaps with a modifier like "稍微" - shāowēi, slightly) is always safer than saying someone has "no ability." Finally, ensure you are not using it to describe the "strength" of a signal or a physical force; 能力 is specifically for human or organizational capability.

我们应该说他“理解能力弱”，而不是“他没脑子”。(We should say his "comprehension ability is weak," rather than "he has no brains.")

To enrich your Chinese vocabulary, it is helpful to look at synonyms and alternatives to 能力弱. Depending on the context—whether you are being formal, informal, or specific—several other terms might be more appropriate. For instance, 水平低 (shuǐpíng dī) is a very common alternative that refers to one's "level" of skill. It is often used in sports or arts. Another term, 差劲 (chàjìn), is much more informal and carries a stronger sense of disappointment or poor quality. If you want to describe someone who is technically incompetent for a specific job, you might use 不称职 (bù chènzhí), which means "not qualified" or "unfit for the post."

水平低 (shuǐpíng dī)
Focuses on the level of achievement. "His Chinese level is low" (他的汉语水平低).
差劲 (chàjìn)
Informal and emotional. "This service is really poor" (这服务太差劲了).
没本事 (méi běnshì)
Colloquial and often used as an insult. "A man with no capability" (没本事的男人).

虽然他能力弱，但他很听话。(Although his ability is weak, he is very obedient.)

On the more academic or psychological side, you might encounter 功能欠缺 (gōngnéng qiànquē), which means "functional deficiency." This is used in medical or highly technical reports. For a more literary or old-fashioned feel, 平庸 (píngyōng) describes someone who is mediocre or unremarkable, implying a general lack of high-level ability. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right "flavor" of criticism. For example, calling a friend 能力弱 might sound like a serious career critique, whereas calling their gaming skills 菜 (cài - literally 'vegetable', meaning 'noob') is the common slang equivalent. By mastering these alternatives, you can navigate Chinese social and professional hierarchies with greater precision and sensitivity.

他的表现真差劲，完全没发挥出水平。(His performance was really poor; he didn't show his level at all.)

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수준별 예문

1

他能力弱。

He is weak in ability.

Simple Subject + Adjective structure.

2

我不能力弱。

I am not weak in ability.

Negative '不' before the phrase.

3

她学习能力弱吗？

Is her learning ability weak?

Question with '吗'.

4

我的能力不弱。

My ability is not weak.

Possessive '的' used with the subject.

5

他是一个能力弱的人。

He is a person with weak ability.

Attributive phrase with '的人'.

6

老师说我能力弱。

The teacher said my ability is weak.

Reported speech.

7

这个孩子能力弱。

This child has weak ability.

Describing a third person.

8

能力弱，没关系。

Weak ability, it's okay.

Short conversational phrase.

1

他的工作能力很弱。

His work ability is very weak.

Use of '很' as a degree adverb.

2

我觉得我的运动能力比较弱。

I feel my athletic ability is relatively weak.

Use of '觉得' (feel) and '比较' (relatively).

3

因为能力弱，他没去那个公司。

Because of weak ability, he didn't go to that company.

Cause and effect with '因为'.

4

你为什么觉得他能力弱？

Why do you think he is weak in ability?

Question with '为什么'.

5

虽然他能力弱，但是他很努力。

Although his ability is weak, he is very hardworking.

Conjunction '虽然...但是...'.

6

我们不应该笑话能力弱的人。

We shouldn't laugh at people with weak ability.

Modal verb '应该' (should).

7

他的社交能力有点弱。

His social skills are a bit weak.

Use of '有点' (a bit).

8

如果能力弱，就要多练习。

If ability is weak, one must practice more.

Conditional '如果...就...'.

1

这位候选人的专业能力弱，不符合我们的要求。

This candidate's professional ability is weak and doesn't meet our requirements.

Formal professional context.

2

他在压力下表现出沟通能力弱的问题。

He showed the problem of weak communication skills under pressure.

Using '表现出' (to manifest).

3

很多学生在数学方面的逻辑思维能力弱。

Many students have weak logical thinking skills in mathematics.

Specific domain '在...方面'.

4

我们需要提高那些能力弱的员工的技能。

We need to improve the skills of those employees with weak ability.

Using '能力弱' as an adjective for '员工'.

5

他的自理能力弱，离不开父母的照顾。

His self-care ability is weak, and he cannot live without his parents' care.

Compound noun '自理能力'.

6

别担心，能力弱是可以改变的。

Don't worry, weak ability can be changed.

Passive potential with '可以改变'.

7

相比之下，他的执行能力弱了一些。

In comparison, his execution ability is a bit weaker.

Comparative '相比之下'.

8

这种能力弱的表现让老板很不满。

This manifestation of weak ability made the boss very dissatisfied.

Using '表现' as a noun.

1

由于技术创新能力弱，该企业在竞争中处于劣势。

Due to weak technological innovation capability, the enterprise is at a disadvantage in the competition.

Formal cause '由于' and status '处于劣势'.

2

我们必须正视自己在管理能力弱方面的短板。

We must face up to our own shortcomings in terms of weak management ability.

Abstract noun '短板' (short board/weakness).

3

长期以来，该地区的抗风险能力弱一直是个大问题。

For a long time, the weak risk-resistance capability of this region has been a major problem.

Time phrase '长期以来'.

4

如果一个国家的研发能力弱，就很难实现工业现代化。

If a country's R&D capability is weak, it is difficult to achieve industrial modernization.

Hypothetical conditional.

5

有些孩子因为心理承受能力弱，无法面对失败。

Some children cannot face failure because of their weak psychological endurance.

Psychological term '心理承受能力'.

6

他意识到自己的领导能力弱，于是决定去读MBA。

He realized his leadership ability was weak, so he decided to pursue an MBA.

Sequential actions '意识到...于是...'.

7

虽然他个人能力强，但团队协作能力弱。

Although his individual ability is strong, his teamwork ability is weak.

Contrast of two different abilities.

8

我们要避免因能力弱而导致的决策失误。

We must avoid decision-making errors caused by weak ability.

Resultative '而导致'.

1

该报告指出，部分地方政府的应急管理能力弱，亟待加强。

The report pointed out that the emergency management capabilities of some local governments are weak and urgently need to be strengthened.

High-level administrative language.

2

这种能力弱的假象往往会迷惑对手，让他们掉以轻心。

This illusion of weak ability often confuses opponents and makes them let their guard down.

Abstract concept '假象' (illusion).

3

在复杂的国际形势下，如果外交能力弱，国家利益将受损。

In the complex international situation, if diplomatic ability is weak, national interests will suffer.

Conditional with high-level vocabulary.

4

他的这种能力弱并非天生，而是缺乏系统性训练的结果。

This weakness in his ability is not innate, but the result of a lack of systematic training.

Negation '并非...而是...'.

5

我们不能简单地将失败归咎于能力弱，环境因素同样重要。

We cannot simply blame the failure on weak ability; environmental factors are equally important.

Complex verb '归咎于' (attribute blame to).

6

尽管他的专业能力弱，但他的人格魅力弥补了这一不足。

Despite his weak professional ability, his personal charisma compensated for this deficiency.

Concessive '尽管...但...'.

7

在某些领域，能力弱往往意味着被市场无情地淘汰。

In some fields, weak ability often means being ruthlessly eliminated by the market.

Philosophical/Economic reflection.

8

该学者认为，传统教育模式导致了学生解决实际问题能力弱。

The scholar believes that traditional education models have led to students' weak ability to solve practical problems.

Academic attribution.

1

这种深层结构的体制性弊端，直接导致了基层单位的执行能力弱。

This deep-seated structural institutional flaw directly led to the weak execution capability of grassroots units.

Highly advanced political/sociological terminology.

2

他在文章中犀利地批判了当代文坛创作能力弱的现状。

In his article, he sharply criticized the current situation of weak creative ability in the contemporary literary world.

Literary criticism register.

3

若一味掩盖能力弱的事实，终将导致不可挽回的灾难。

If one keeps covering up the fact of weak ability, it will eventually lead to an irrecoverable disaster.

Classical Chinese influence '若...终将...'.

4

这种能力弱的评价，对他而言无疑是沉重的打击。

This assessment of weak ability was undoubtedly a heavy blow to him.

Rhetorical emphasis '无疑是'.

5

在资本原始积累阶段，很多企业的抗压能力弱是必然的。

In the stage of primitive accumulation of capital, it is inevitable that many enterprises have weak pressure-resistance capabilities.

Historical/Economic theory context.

6

他试图通过勤奋来掩饰自己天资平庸、能力弱的真相。

He tried to use diligence to hide the truth of his mediocre talent and weak ability.

Sophisticated character analysis.

7

能力弱并不代表平庸，关键在于如何寻找适合自己的位置。

Weak ability does not represent mediocrity; the key lies in how to find a position that suits oneself.

Philosophical paradox.

8

该政策旨在解决偏远地区医疗服务能力弱的顽疾。

This policy aims to solve the chronic problem of weak medical service capabilities in remote areas.

Official policy language '旨在...顽疾'.

자주 쓰는 조합

专业能力弱
沟通能力弱
执行能力弱
学习能力弱
逻辑能力弱
适应能力弱
领导能力弱
社交能力弱
理财能力弱
自控能力弱

자주 쓰는 구문

表现出能力弱

— To manifest or show weak ability.

他在关键时刻表现出能力弱的一面。

弥补能力弱

— To make up for or compensate for weak ability.

他用勤奋弥补了自己能力弱的缺陷。

承认能力弱

— To admit that one's ability is weak.

承认自己能力弱是进步的第一步。

被认为能力弱

— To be considered or perceived as having weak ability.

他不想被同事认为能力弱。

针对能力弱

— Aimed at or targeting weak ability.

这是针对能力弱的员工设计的培训。

由于能力弱

— Because of weak ability.

由于能力弱，他被调到了其他部门。

自知能力弱

— To know oneself has weak ability.

他自知能力弱，所以工作格外卖力。

所谓的能力弱

— The so-called weak ability.

所谓的能力弱，其实往往是缺乏经验。

解决能力弱

— To solve the problem of weak ability.

我们正在寻找解决团队执行能力弱的方法。

不仅仅是能力弱

— Not just weak ability.

这不仅仅是能力弱的问题，还有态度问题。

관용어 및 표현

"勤能补拙"

— Diligence can make up for lack of talent/ability.

虽然他能力弱，但勤能补拙。

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