이 페이지를 내 언어로
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 adjective #2,500 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

长久

changjiu
At the A1 level, '长久' (chángjiǔ) is introduced as a simple way to say 'a long time' or 'long-lasting'. Students learn it primarily in the context of friendships and simple states. It is often taught alongside '很' (very) to form '很长久'. The focus is on recognizing the characters: '长' (long) and '久' (long time). A1 learners should be able to use it in basic sentences like '我们的友谊很长久' (Our friendship is very long-lasting). The goal is to distinguish it from physical length ('长').
At A2, learners begin to use '长久' to describe more varied situations, such as how long a feeling or a situation lasts. They start to see it in negative forms like '不长久' (not lasting). A2 students should understand that '长久' describes the *nature* of something's duration. They might use it to talk about jobs or simple plans. For example, '这个工作不长久' (This job won't last long). They also start to distinguish it from '很久' (hěnjiǔ), which is used for waiting or past actions.
B1 learners use '长久' in more abstract and professional contexts. They can use it as an attributive modifier with '的', such as '长久的关系' (a long-term relationship) or '长久的打算' (long-term plans). At this level, students are expected to understand the nuance of 'sustainability'. They might use it in discussions about the environment or business stability. They also begin to encounter common four-character phrases or idioms that include these characters, although they may not master them yet.
At the B2 level, students should be comfortable using '长久' in complex sentences and formal writing. They understand its role in expressing 'sustainability' and 'permanence' in social and political discourse. They can distinguish '长久' from technical terms like '长期' (long-term) and '持久' (sustained). B2 learners can use '长久' to discuss international peace, economic trends, and philosophical concepts of endurance. They are also expected to use the adverbial form '长久地' correctly in written Chinese.
C1 learners possess a deep understanding of '长久' and its literary synonyms. they can appreciate the word's use in classical-style modern prose and high-level journalism. They understand the subtle differences between '长久', '永久', and '悠久'. C1 students can use '长久' to analyze literary themes of time and mortality. They are familiar with idioms like '天长地久' and '长治久安' and can use them appropriately in formal speeches or academic essays to add weight and cultural resonance to their arguments.
At the C2 level, '长久' is used with native-like precision and stylistic flair. The learner understands the historical evolution of the characters and can identify '长久' in ancient texts where it might have slightly different grammatical roles. They can use the word to discuss complex metaphysical concepts, such as the '长久' of the universe versus the 'shortness' of human life. C2 speakers can manipulate the word in wordplay, poetry, and sophisticated rhetoric, choosing it over synonyms to evoke specific emotional or cultural undertones.
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

长久 30초 만에

  • 长久 (chángjiǔ) means 'long-lasting' or 'enduring' and is used exclusively for time and abstract concepts, never for physical length.
  • It is a positive word often used in blessings for relationships (e.g., '长长久久') and professional contexts for sustainability.
  • Commonly used as a predicate with '很', an attributive with '的', or in the resultative structure 'Verb + 得 + 长久'.
  • Key synonyms include '永久' (permanent) and '长期' (long-term), while '很久' is used for general past durations.

The term 长久 (chángjiǔ) is a foundational adjective in the Chinese language, primarily used to describe a duration of time that is extensive, enduring, or permanent. At its core, it combines the character 长 (cháng), meaning 'long', with 久 (jiǔ), which specifically refers to the passage of time. Unlike the simple word for 'long' (长), which can refer to physical length, 长久 is almost exclusively temporal and abstract. It evokes a sense of stability and persistence, often used in contexts where one hopes for or describes something that stands the test of time.

Temporal Scope
Refers to a span of time that stretches far into the future or has existed for a significant duration in the past.
Emotional Weight
Often carries a positive connotation of loyalty, sustainability, and reliability.
Grammatical Function
Acts as a predicative adjective or an attributive modifier, frequently paired with '的' (de).

"我们希望两国的友谊能够长久下去。" (We hope the friendship between the two countries can last for a long time.)

In philosophical terms, 长久 touches upon the concept of 'Everlastingness' found in Taoist and Confucian thought. It is not just about the ticking of a clock, but about the quality of endurance. When a Chinese speaker says something is 长久, they are often implying that it has a solid foundation. For instance, a '长久的计划' (long-term plan) isn't just long; it's designed to be sustainable. This distinction is crucial for learners to grasp: while '长' is a measurement, '长久' is a state of being.

"这不是一个长久之计。" (This is not a long-term solution.)

Furthermore, the word is frequently used in romantic and social contexts. The phrase '天长地久' (tiān cháng dì jiǔ), meaning 'as eternal as the heavens and earth', uses the same '长' and '久' characters to express the ultimate form of endurance. In daily life, you might hear it when discussing jobs, relationships, or even the durability of a product. It is a word that bridges the gap between simple daily conversation and high-level literary expression.

Semantic Nuance
Implies a lack of interruption or end.
Usage Frequency
Extremely high in both spoken and written Mandarin.

"这种快乐是不会长久的。" (This kind of happiness will not last long.)

Using 长久 (chángjiǔ) correctly requires understanding its position in a sentence. As an adjective, it can modify nouns or follow verbs to describe the duration of an action. However, it is most commonly seen in three specific structures: as a predicate, as an attributive, and as an adverbial modifier.

1. As a Predicate

When used after a subject, it often requires an intensifier like '很' (hěn) or '非常' (fēicháng). For example: '他们的感情很长久' (Their relationship is very long-lasting). In negative sentences, '不' (bù) is placed directly before it: '这种办法不长久' (This method won't last long).

"只有真诚，友谊才能长久。" (Only with sincerity can friendship last long.)

2. As an Attributive (Modifying a Noun)

When modifying a noun, it is almost always followed by '的' (de). Common pairings include '长久的关系' (long-term relationship), '长久的利益' (long-term interests), and '长久的和平' (lasting peace). This usage emphasizes the inherent quality of the noun.

Structure
长久 + 的 + Noun
Example
长久的打算 (Long-term plan/consideration)

3. As an Adverbial (Modifying a Verb)

When describing how an action persists, '长久' can be followed by '地' (de) or used directly before verbs like '坚持' (jiānchí - to persist) or '保存' (bǎocún - to preserve). However, it is more common to use the structure 'V + 得 + 长久' to describe the result of an action.

"我们要从长久考虑。" (We need to consider this from a long-term perspective.)

A key distinction to remember is the difference between '长久' and '很久' (hěnjiǔ). While '很久' simply means 'a long time' (usually referring to the past), '长久' implies a state of permanence or a future-oriented duration. You would say '我等了很久' (I waited for a long time), but you would say '我想要长久的幸福' (I want long-lasting happiness).

You will encounter 长久 (chángjiǔ) in a wide variety of social and professional settings. Its versatility makes it a staple of both formal speeches and intimate conversations. Here are the primary domains where the word is most frequently heard:

1. Personal Relationships and Romance

In the context of love and friendship, '长久' is the gold standard. It is used to express the desire for a relationship that doesn't fade. You'll hear it in wedding vows, heart-to-heart talks between friends, and even in pop songs. The concept of '长长久久' (chángcháng jiǔjiǔ) is a common blessing given to couples.

"祝你们幸福长久！" (Wish you long-lasting happiness! - A common wedding greeting.)

2. Business and Economics

In professional settings, '长久' is used to discuss sustainability and long-term strategy. Business leaders talk about '长久的合作' (long-term cooperation) or '长久的利益' (long-term interests). It contrasts with '短期' (duǎnqī - short term), which is often seen as less desirable or stable.

Business Context
Used when discussing contracts, partnerships, and market trends.
Economic Context
Used to describe sustainable growth or lasting impacts of policy.

3. News and Politics

News anchors and politicians frequently use '长久' when discussing international relations, peace treaties, or environmental issues. Phrases like '长治久安' (cháng zhì jiǔ ān - long-term peace and stability) are common in official government documents and news reports regarding national security.

"为了实现世界的长久和平..." (In order to achieve lasting world peace...)

4. Daily Advice and Philosophy

In everyday life, elders or mentors might use '长久' to give advice about life choices. They might warn that a quick fix '不长久' (won't last long) or encourage someone to build a '长久之计' (long-term plan). It serves as a linguistic tool for evaluating the worth of an action based on its duration.

Even though 长久 (chángjiǔ) seems straightforward, learners often stumble over its specific nuances and grammatical constraints. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Chinese sound much more natural.

1. Confusing '长久' with '长' (Physical Length)

The most common error is using '长久' to describe physical objects. You cannot say '这根绳子很长久' (This rope is very long-lasting) if you mean the rope is physically long. '长久' is strictly for time and abstract concepts. For physical length, use '长' (cháng).

❌ "这条路很长久。" (Incorrect for distance)
✅ "这条路很长。" (Correct for distance)

2. Misusing '长久' vs. '很久'

'很久' (hěnjiǔ) usually describes a duration that has already passed or a general 'long time'. '长久' describes the quality of being enduring or permanent. You say '等了很久' (waited a long time), but you don't say '等了长久'. Conversely, you say '长久的友谊' (long-lasting friendship), but '很久的友谊' sounds slightly off as it emphasizes the past rather than the enduring nature.

很久 (Hěnjiǔ)
Focuses on the quantity of time (often past).
长久 (Chángjiǔ)
Focuses on the quality of endurance (often future or permanent).

3. Incorrect Adverbial Placement

Learners sometimes try to use '长久' as a direct adverb without the proper particle. While '长久地' (chángjiǔ de) is correct, it is often more natural to use resultative structures or specific idioms. For example, '长久坚持' is okay, but '坚持得很长久' is more common in spoken Chinese.

❌ "他长久工作。" (He works long-lastingly - sounds weird)
✅ "他在这里工作了很久。" (He has worked here for a long time.)

4. Overusing it in Simple Time Phrases

Don't use '长久' for simple time measurements like 'three hours long'. For specific durations, use '...之久' (zhī jiǔ) or just the time phrase. '长久' is for indefinite, significant spans of time.

To truly master 长久 (chángjiǔ), you must understand how it relates to its synonyms and near-synonyms. Chinese has many ways to express 'long' or 'permanent', each with its own flavor.

1. 长久 vs. 永久 (yǒngjiǔ)

'永久' is much stronger than '长久'. While '长久' means 'for a long time' or 'enduring', '永久' means 'permanent' or 'forever'. You might have a '长久' relationship (it lasts a long time), but '永久' is used for things like '永久居留' (permanent residency) or '永久的记忆' (eternal memory). '永久' implies there is no end at all.

长久
Enduring, sustainable, long-term.
永久
Permanent, everlasting, forever.

2. 长久 vs. 长期 (chángqī)

'长期' is more technical and often used in business or medical contexts. It literally means 'long period'. You talk about '长期目标' (long-term goals) or '长期病患' (chronic/long-term patient). '长久' is more descriptive and emotional, while '长期' is more objective and categorizing.

"这是一个长期的过程，需要长久的耐心。" (This is a long-term process that requires enduring patience.)

3. 长久 vs. 悠久 (yōujiǔ)

'悠久' is specifically used for history and tradition. You will almost always see it paired with '历史' (history) or '文化' (culture). You cannot use '悠久' for a relationship or a plan. It implies a long, continuous, and often glorious past.

悠久
Used for: 历史 (history), 传统 (tradition), 文化 (culture).
Example
悠久的历史 (A long and storied history)

4. 长久 vs. 持久 (chíjiǔ)

'持久' emphasizes the ability to resist change or wear and tear. It is often used for '持久战' (war of attrition/protracted war) or '持久的动力' (sustained motivation). It has a sense of 'holding on' or 'maintaining' against pressure.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

""

비격식체

""

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

我们的友谊很长久。

Our friendship is very long-lasting.

Subject + 很 + 长久 (Predicative use)

2

他想在这里住得很长久。

He wants to live here for a very long time.

Verb + 得 + 很长久 (Resultative complement)

3

这不长久。

This won't last long.

Negative form: 不 + 长久

4

我们要长久地在一起。

We want to be together for a long time.

长久地 + Verb (Adverbial use)

5

长久的快乐很重要。

Long-lasting happiness is very important.

长久的 + Noun (Attributive use)

6

他的爱很长久。

His love is long-lasting.

Simple adjective use.

7

这个东西可以用得很长久。

This thing can be used for a very long time.

Potential complement with '得'.

8

我们要做好长久的准备。

We need to make long-term preparations.

Modifying '准备' (preparations).

1

这种好天气不会太长久。

This kind of good weather won't last too long.

太...了 structure often used with 长久.

2

他们希望能有长久的合作。

They hope to have long-term cooperation.

Noun phrase: 长久的合作.

3

这不是一个长久的办法。

This is not a long-term solution.

Using 长久 to describe a 'method' or 'way'.

4

我们要有长久的打算。

We need to have long-term plans.

Common collocation: 长久的打算.

5

这种药的效果很长久。

The effect of this medicine is very long-lasting.

Describing the 'effect' (效果).

6

他在这里工作不长久就走了。

He didn't work here for long before leaving.

Used to indicate a short duration in the past.

7

为了长久的利益，我们应该努力。

For long-term interests, we should work hard.

Prepositional phrase: 为了...

8

只有努力，成功才能长久。

Only through hard work can success last long.

Conditional sentence with 只有...才.

1

长久的和平是全人类的愿望。

Lasting peace is the wish of all mankind.

Formal subject: 长久的和平.

2

我们必须考虑长久的发展。

We must consider long-term development.

Focus on sustainability.

3

这种关系很难保持长久。

This kind of relationship is hard to maintain for long.

Verb + 保持 + 长久.

4

他长久地注视着那张照片。

He gazed at that photo for a long time.

Adverbial '地' used for emotional emphasis.

5

这件艺术品具有长久的价值。

This artwork has long-lasting value.

Verb '具有' (to possess) + 长久的价值.

6

我们要建立一个长久的机制。

We need to establish a long-term mechanism.

Abstract noun: 机制 (mechanism).

7

没有诚信，生意是做不长久的。

Without integrity, business cannot last long.

Potential complement in negative: 做不长久.

8

长久的沉默让气氛变得尴尬。

The long silence made the atmosphere awkward.

Describing an abstract state: 沉默 (silence).

1

这项政策旨在实现长治久安。

This policy aims to achieve long-term peace and stability.

Using the idiom '长治久安'.

2

我们需要一种更长久、更环保的能源。

We need a more long-lasting and environmentally friendly energy source.

Comparative structure: 更 + 长久.

3

这种短视的行为会损害长久的利益。

This short-sighted behavior will harm long-term interests.

Contrasting '短视' (short-sighted) with '长久'.

4

历史证明，暴政是不会长久的。

History proves that tyranny will not last long.

Formal philosophical statement.

5

他长久以来一直致力于慈善事业。

He has been dedicated to charity for a long time.

Fixed phrase: 长久以来 (for a long time since...).

6

我们要追求的是长久的质量，而非一时的速度。

What we pursue is long-lasting quality, not temporary speed.

Contrasting '长久' with '一时' (temporary).

7

这份协议为两国的长久友好奠定了基础。

This agreement laid the foundation for long-term friendship between the two countries.

Formal diplomatic language.

8

这种文化影响力是长久且深远的。

This cultural influence is long-lasting and far-reaching.

Paired adjectives: 长久且深远.

1

文学作品的生命力在于其长久的人文价值。

The vitality of literary works lies in their enduring humanistic value.

Academic context.

2

他陷入了长久的沉思，仿佛忘记了时间。

He fell into a long contemplation, as if forgetting time.

Literary description.

3

这种艺术风格虽然独特，但未必能长久流传。

Although this artistic style is unique, it may not necessarily be passed down for long.

Using '未必' (not necessarily) with '长久'.

4

长久以来，人类一直在探索宇宙的奥秘。

For a long time, humans have been exploring the mysteries of the universe.

Adverbial phrase for historical context.

5

只有建立在平等基础上的关系才能真正长久。

Only relationships built on equality can truly last.

Complex conditional sentence.

6

他那种长久的耐心最终赢得了大家的尊重。

His enduring patience finally won everyone's respect.

Abstract quality modification.

7

这个建筑的设计兼顾了美观与长久的使用寿命。

The design of this building balances aesthetics with a long service life.

Technical/Architectural context.

8

长久的孤独让他变得有些沉默寡言。

Long-term loneliness made him somewhat taciturn.

Psychological description.

1

真理之光，虽历经沧桑，却能长久不灭。

The light of truth, though having gone through many changes, can shine long without being extinguished.

Poetic/Classical style.

2

这种长久的历史积淀赋予了这座城市独特的魅力。

This long historical accumulation has given the city a unique charm.

Sophisticated vocabulary (积淀, 赋予).

3

在浩瀚的宇宙面前，人类的悲欢显得如此不长久。

In the face of the vast universe, human joys and sorrows seem so fleeting (not long-lasting).

Philosophical contrast.

4

长久以来形成的社会契约是文明进步的基石。

The social contract formed over a long period is the cornerstone of civilized progress.

Political philosophy context.

5

他那长久不衰的创作激情令人叹为观止。

His never-fading creative passion is breathtaking.

Idiomatic phrase: 长久不衰 (long-lasting and not fading).

6

唯有长久的坚持，方能抵达成功的彼岸。

Only through long-term persistence can one reach the shore of success.

Classical '唯有...方能' structure.

7

这种长久的心理暗示最终影响了他的行为决策。

This long-term psychological suggestion eventually influenced his behavioral decisions.

Scientific/Psychological context.

8

长久的宁静被一声突如其来的巨响打破了。

The long-lasting tranquility was broken by a sudden loud noise.

Narrative tension.

자주 쓰는 조합

长久的友谊 (long-lasting friendship)
长久的和平 (lasting peace)
长久的打算 (long-term plan)
长久的利益 (long-term interests)
长久的关系 (long-term relationship)
长久的耐心 (enduring patience)
长久的沉默 (long silence)
长久的合作 (long-term cooperation)
长久的影响 (long-lasting influence)
长久的发展 (long-term development)

자주 쓰는 구문

长久之计 (a long-term plan)

长久以来 (for a long time since)

长长久久 (forever and ever)

不长久 (won't last long)

保持长久 (to keep/last long)

长久以往 (if things go on like this for long)

希望能长久 (hope it lasts)

长久相处 (get along for a long time)

长久保存 (preserve for a long time)

长久期待 (long-awaited)

자주 혼동되는 단어

长久 vs 长 (Physical length)

长久 vs 很久 (Duration already passed)

长久 vs 永久 (Absolute eternity)

관용어 및 표현

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

혼동하기 쉬운

长久 vs

长久 vs

长久 vs

长久 vs

长久 vs

문장 패턴

어휘 가족

관련

사용법

Tone

Generally positive or neutral.

Distinction

长久 is qualitative; 很久 is quantitative.

Restriction

Cannot modify nouns without '的' in most cases.

자주 하는 실수
  • Using '长久' for physical length.
  • Confusing '长久' with '很久' in past tense contexts.
  • Omitting '的' when modifying nouns.
  • Using '长久' as a verb without '保持' or '持续'.
  • Using '长久' for specific durations (e.g., 'three days long').

팁

Use '的' with Nouns

Always put '的' between '长久' and the noun it describes, like '长久的关系'.

Pair with '和平'

A very common formal pairing is '长久的和平' (lasting peace).

Wedding Blessings

Use '长长久久' when writing a card for a Chinese wedding.

Not for Distance

Never use '长久' to describe how many kilometers or meters something is.

Third Tone Dip

Make sure the 'jiǔ' sound dips and rises clearly.

Contrast with '短期'

In essays, contrast '长久利益' with '短期利益' for better structure.

Context Clues

If you hear 'jiǔ', look for words like 'friendship' or 'plan' to confirm it's '长久'.

Resultative '得'

Say '活得长久' (live long) or '做得长久' (do something for long).

Learn '天长地久'

This is the most famous idiom using these characters; it means 'eternal'.

The Number 9

Associate 'jiǔ' with the number 9 and its meaning of longevity.

암기하기

어원

Compound of 长 (long) and 久 (time).

문화적 맥락

Guanxi (relationships) are built to be '长久', not transactional.

The phrase '长长久久' is ubiquitous in wedding decorations.

Taoism discusses the '长久' of the Tao, which is unchanging.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"你觉得什么样的友谊最长久？"

"你打算在这个城市长久住下去吗？"

"你认为这个计划是长久之计吗？"

"如何才能让爱情保持长久？"

"你更看重短期的利益还是长久的利益？"

일기 주제

写一写你一段长久的友谊。

你认为什么东西是永远不会长久的？

描述一个你为了长久目标而做出的努力。

如果可以，你希望什么东西能长久保存？

谈谈你对'天长地久'这个词的看法。

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, '长久' is only for time. For a physically long road, say '这条路很长'.

'很久' is usually 'a long time' in the past or general duration. '长久' means 'enduring' or 'lasting'.

It is both. It's used in daily talk and formal speeches.

You can use '永久' (yǒngjiǔ) or the idiom '天长地久' (tiān cháng dì jiǔ).

Yes, e.g., '长久的痛苦' (long-lasting pain), but it's more common for positive things.

Yes, it's an AABB reduplication used for emphasis, common in blessings.

No, it is an adjective. You need a verb like '保持' (maintain) or '持续' (continue).

It means 'a long-term plan' or 'a permanent solution'.

It's better to say '长久的时间' or just '很久'.

Yes, very often, to describe sustainable partnerships and growth.

셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

관련 콘텐츠

도움이 되었나요?

댓글 (0)

로그인하여 댓글 달기
아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째로 생각을 공유하세요!