This page in your language

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

Home
Learn
Persian
Vocabulary
مربوط به

B2 noun 9 min read

مربوط به

morta'bat be

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips مربوط به in 30 Seconds

Explanation مربوط به in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'marbut be' as a way to say 'goes with' or 'is for.' For example, if you have a key and a door, the key is 'marbut be' (related to) the door. It is a simple way to connect two things. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just remember that 'be' always comes after 'marbut.' It helps you talk about your belongings and simple categories like 'books for school' or 'clothes for winter.'

At the A2 level, you start using 'marbut be' to describe more than just physical objects. You can use it to talk about topics. For example, 'This movie is related to (marbut be) history.' It helps you categorize your interests and explain your daily life more clearly. You should focus on the word order: Noun + marbut be + Noun. It's a useful phrase for answering questions like 'What is this for?' or 'Which department does this belong to?'

By B1, 'marbut be' becomes a tool for organizing information. You will see it often in news headlines and simple articles. It is used to connect abstract ideas, like 'problems related to health' or 'news related to sports.' At this level, you should start distinguishing it from 'darbare-ye' (about). 'Marbut be' implies a stronger, more specific link. You can also use it in the negative: 'This is not related to (marbut be) me,' which is a common way to say 'It's none of my business.'

At the B2 level, 'marbut be' is essential for formal writing and professional communication. You are expected to use it to link complex concepts in essays and reports. You should understand its Arabic root (R-B-T) and how it relates to other words like 'ertebat' (connection). You should be able to use it fluently in sentences like 'The economic consequences related to the new policy are significant.' You also begin to recognize its synonyms like 'morta-bet ba' and 'vabaste be' and choose between them based on nuance.

At the C1 level, you use 'marbut be' with precision and variety. You recognize that it is often used to define the scope of a legal or academic argument. You can handle nested phrases where 'marbut be' appears multiple times to clarify relationships between several variables. You also understand the stylistic difference between 'marbut be' and the more formal 'zirabt' or 'mota'alleq.' Your usage should be seamless, moving between formal and informal registers without effort.

For C2 learners, 'marbut be' is a basic building block used within highly sophisticated rhetorical structures. You understand its historical development in the Persian language and its usage in classical versus modern texts. You can identify when a writer uses it to create a specific tone of bureaucratic authority or clinical objectivity. At this level, you might also explore its use in idiomatic expressions and how it interacts with Persian's complex system of verbal nouns and participles.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

مربوط به in 30 Seconds

A versatile phrase meaning 'related to' or 'connected with' used in all registers of Persian.
Always requires the preposition 'be' (to) to complete the connection to an object.
Essential for formal writing, news, and organizing information into specific categories.
Derived from the Arabic root for 'tying' or 'binding,' implying a logical or functional link.

The Persian phrase مربوط به (marbut be) is a cornerstone of intermediate and advanced Persian, functioning as a bridge between concepts, objects, and people. At its core, it translates to 'related to,' 'connected with,' or 'pertaining to.' While it might seem like a simple prepositional phrase, its utility spans from the mundane organization of household items to the rigorous precision of legal and scientific discourse. The word marbut itself is the passive participle of the Arabic root R-B-T (ر-ب-ط), which signifies the act of tying, binding, or fastening. When you use this phrase in Persian, you are metaphorically 'tying' one idea to another.

Semantic Range: This phrase covers a spectrum of connectivity. It can indicate ownership (the key related to the car), thematic relevance (the book related to history), or professional responsibility (the department related to finance). Unlike 'about' (darbare-ye), which is more general, 'marbut be' implies a structural or logical dependency.
Formal vs. Informal: In formal writing, 'marbut be' is indispensable. You will find it in every news broadcast, academic paper, and governmental decree. In casual speech, it is still very common, though speakers might occasionally shorten the sentence structure or use 'mota'alleq be' for physical possession.

تمام مدارک مربوط به این پرونده گم شده است.
Translation: All the documents related to this case have been lost.

Understanding 'marbut be' requires recognizing that it always requires the preposition 'be' (to). You cannot simply say 'marbut' followed by a noun without that connecting 'be'. This is a common point of failure for English speakers who might try to translate 'related' directly without the 'to'. In the Persian mindset, a relation is a direction; one thing points 'to' another.

In a professional context, you might hear a manager say 'Mas'aleye marbut be budje' (The issue related to the budget). Here, 'marbut be' clarifies exactly which issue is being discussed. It acts as a filter, narrowing down the scope of the conversation. Without this phrase, Persian communication would lack the specificity required for technical and bureaucratic clarity.

این سوالات مربوط به بخش اول امتحان هستند.

Finally, consider the emotional or social weight. To say something is 'bi-rabt' (the antonym) is to say it is irrelevant or nonsensical. By contrast, 'marbut be' establishes legitimacy. If a person is 'marbut be' a certain family or organization, they are seen as having a legitimate connection to that entity. It is not just about 'aboutness'; it is about belonging and logical association.

Using مربوط به correctly involves understanding its position within the sentence. In Persian, this phrase typically follows the noun it is describing, often connected by an Ezafe (the short 'e' sound), though in many modern contexts, the Ezafe is dropped if 'marbut be' starts a new clause. Let's look at the structural patterns that make this phrase work.

Pattern 1: Noun + (Ezafe) + مربوط به + Noun: This is the most common usage. Example: 'Ketab-e marbut be tarikhe Iran' (The book related to the history of Iran). Here, the phrase describes the book's topic.
Pattern 2: As a Predicate (Subject + مربوط به + X + است): Example: 'In mozu marbut be shoma nist' (This matter is not related to you). In this case, the phrase functions as the main description of the subject.

بخش مربوط به تنظیمات را پیدا نمی‌کنم.
Translation: I cannot find the section related to settings.

A key distinction to make is between 'marbut be' and 'darbare-ye'. While 'darbare-ye' means 'about' in a general sense (e.g., a movie about war), 'marbut be' implies a more direct, often functional or legal connection. If you say 'The key about the car,' it makes no sense. You must say 'The key related to (marbut be) the car.' Use 'marbut be' when there is a sense of belonging or a specific category.

In complex sentences, you can stack these phrases. For example: 'Moshkelat-e marbut be qavanin-e marbut be mohit-e zist' (Problems related to the laws related to the environment). While repetitive, this demonstrates how the phrase acts as a logical glue in technical Persian. It allows for the nesting of concepts, which is vital for high-level B2 and C1 communication.

آیا این هزینه‌ها مربوط به سفر ماه گذشته است؟

When using this phrase in the past tense, the verb 'budan' (to be) changes, but 'marbut be' remains static. 'In mas'ale marbut be gozashte bud' (This matter was related to the past). The phrase itself does not conjugate; it remains a stable unit of meaning, making it relatively easy to master once the initial 'be' requirement is internalized.

If you turn on the news in Tehran or Kabul, or open a Persian newspaper like Ettela'at, you will encounter مربوط به within minutes. It is the language of administration. Officials use it to delineate jurisdictions and categorize policy. 'Akhbar-e marbut be eqtesad' (News related to the economy) is a standard heading.

In the Digital World: Navigate any Persian website or app, and you'll see this in the settings or help sections. 'Soalat-e motadavel-e marbut به pardakht' (Frequently asked questions related to payment) is a common phrase. It helps users find specific information in a sea of data.
In Academic Lectures: Professors use it to define the scope of their lectures. 'In dars marbut be dore-ye Safaviye ast' (This lesson pertains to the Safavid era). It sets the boundaries of the academic inquiry.

اطلاعات مربوط به پرواز روی تابلو نمایش داده شده است.
Context: An announcement at Imam Khomeini International Airport.

In everyday life, you might hear it at the doctor's office. A physician might ask if your pain is 'marbut be' a previous injury or a new symptom. It is also common in legal settings; a lawyer will discuss 'asnad-e marbut be melk' (documents related to the property). The word carries a certain 'weight' of evidence and factuality.

Interestingly, in the world of Persian cinema and literature, 'marbut be' is used to create mystery or clarify plot points. A detective might say, 'In doke-ye marbut be kot-e kiye?' (Whose coat does this button belong to?). Here, it's used for physical belonging, adding a layer of investigative rigor to the dialogue.

شایعات مربوط به استعفای وزیر تکذیب شد.

Whether you are reading a lease agreement, listening to a podcast about history, or just trying to figure out which remote control goes with which TV, 'marbut be' is your essential tool. It is the invisible thread that connects the various pieces of the Persian-speaking world together.

Even at the B2 level, learners often stumble when using مربوط به. The most frequent errors stem from direct translation from English or from confusing it with similar-sounding or similar-meaning Persian words. Let's break down these pitfalls to ensure your Persian remains natural and accurate.

Mistake 1: Omitting the 'be': In English, we say 'related issues.' Learners often try to say 'masayel-e marbut.' This is incomplete. It must always be 'masayel-e marbut be...' followed by the object of the relation. The 'be' is not optional; it is the grammatical anchor of the phrase.
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Darbare-ye' (About): If you are talking about the topic of a book, 'darbare-ye' is usually better. If you are talking about a component that belongs to a system, 'marbut be' is required. Using 'darbare-ye' for a car key (the key about the car) is a hallmark of a beginner's mistake.

❌ این کتاب مربوط جنگ است.
✅ این کتاب مربوط به جنگ است.

Another subtle mistake is using 'marbut be' when you actually mean 'because of' (be dalil-e). While something 'related to' a cause might be the reason, 'marbut be' describes the connection, not the causality. For example, 'The delay related to the rain' (Takhir-e marbut be baran) is a description, whereas 'The delay because of the rain' (Takhir be dalil-e baran) explains the cause. Confusing these can make your logic sound fuzzy to native speakers.

Finally, watch out for the pluralization of 'marbut'. In older or very formal Persian, you might see 'marbuteh' (f.) or other Arabic-style variations, but in modern standard Persian, 'marbut be' is used for both singular and plural nouns. Don't try to pluralize it as 'marbut-ha'; it remains an invariable adjective phrase in this context.

اشتباه رایج: استفاده از «به» اشتباه یا حذف آن در جملات پیچیده.

To avoid these mistakes, always think of 'marbut be' as a single unit. When you learn the word, learn the 'be' with it. Practice by looking at objects around you and identifying what they are 'marbut be'—the charger related to the phone, the handle related to the door—to cement the habit of using the preposition.

To truly master Persian at a B2 level, you must be able to swap مربوط به with its synonyms and understand the slight shifts in meaning each one brings. Persian is rich with words that describe connection, and choosing the right one can change your tone from clinical to poetic.

مرتبط با (Mortabet ba): Very similar to 'marbut be', but often used for active connections or things that are 'in contact' with each other. Note the preposition 'ba' (with) instead of 'be' (to). It feels slightly more modern and academic.
وابسته به (Vabaste be): This implies a stronger, often dependent connection. If A is 'vabaste be' B, it might not be able to function without it. It's often used for political or economic dependency.
متعلق به (Mota'alleq be): This specifically means 'belonging to' in terms of ownership. While 'marbut be' can be used for a car key, 'mota'alleq be' is the standard way to say 'This car belongs to me.'

مقایسه: «مربوط به» (ارتباط منطقی) در مقابل «وابسته به» (اتکای ساختاری).

For more abstract or literary contexts, you might encounter piramun-e (around/concerning) or dar zamine-ye (in the field of). These are excellent for B2 learners to use when writing essays. Instead of saying 'the problems related to education,' you could say 'the problems in the field of education' (moshkelat dar zamine-ye amuzesh), which sounds more professional.

In very formal or legal Persian, you will see the word zirabt (ذی‌ربط). It is often used as an adjective meaning 'relevant' or 'concerned,' as in 'maqamat-e zirabt' (the relevant authorities). It comes from the same root as 'marbut' but is used more like a fixed title. Knowing this word will help you navigate official documents and news reports with ease.

همه مسائل پیرامون این موضوع در جلسه بررسی شد.

By expanding your vocabulary beyond just 'marbut be', you allow your Persian to become more nuanced. You can describe not just that things are connected, but *how* they are connected—whether through ownership, dependency, or simple thematic relevance. This level of detail is the hallmark of B2 proficiency.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"کلیه مکاتبات مربوط به این قرارداد باید مکتوب باشد."

Neutral

"این سوالات مربوط به بخش اول کتاب است."

Informal

"این لباس‌ها مربوط به پارساله."

Child friendly

"این اسباب‌بازی مربوط به این جعبه است."

Slang

"اصلاً به تو ربطی نداره!"

Fun Fact

The word 'Rabat' (the capital of Morocco) comes from the same root, originally referring to a fortified monastery or 'tied' military outpost.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /mæɾ.buːt be/

US /mæɹ.but be/

The stress is typically on the second syllable of 'mar-BUT'.

Rhymes With

مبهوت (mabhut) تابوت (tabut) ثبوت (sobut) سکوت (sokut) ملکوت (malakut) برهوت (barahut) یاقوت (yaqut) فرتوت (fartut)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'marbut' as 'mar-butt' (short u). It should be a long 'oo' sound.
Merging 'marbut' and 'be' into one word. They should be distinct.
Adding an extra 'e' sound (Ezafe) after 'be'.
Failing to tap the 'r' slightly in the Persian style.
Pronouncing 'be' like the English word 'be' (long e). It is a short 'e' like in 'egg'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts once the root is known.

Writing 4/5

Requires remembering the 'be' and proper placement after the noun.

Speaking 4/5

Common, but learners often default to 'darbare-ye' incorrectly.

Listening 3/5

Very distinct sound, usually easy to pick out in speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

به (be) است (ast) این (in) آن (an) موضوع (mozu)

Learn Next

مرتبط با (mortabet ba) وابسته به (vabaste be) متعلق به (mota'alleq be) در خصوص (dar khosus-e) پیرامون (piramun-e)

Advanced

ذی‌ربط (zirabt) مناسبت (monasebat) تعامل (ta'amol) پیوستگی (peyvastegi) استلزام (estelzam)

Grammar to Know

Ezafe Construction with Adjectives

کتابِ مربوط به تاریخ (The book related to history - note the 'e' sound after 'ketab').

Prepositional Requirements

مربوط must be followed by 'به' (to), never 'با' (with) or 'از' (from).

Predicate Position

این موضوع مربوط به من است. (Subject + Phrase + Verb).

Negation of the Phrase

نامربوط (Adjective) vs مربوط نیست (Verb negation).

Plurality Invariance

مسائل مربوط به... (The phrase doesn't change even if 'masayel' is plural).

Examples by Level

این کلید مربوط به خانه است.

This key is related to the house.

Simple subject + marbut be + noun.

کتاب مربوط به مدرسه کجاست؟

Where is the book related to school?

Using 'marbut be' as an adjective modifying 'ketab'.

این لباس‌ها مربوط به زمستان هستند.

These clothes are for (related to) winter.

Plural subject with plural verb 'hastand'.

شارژر مربوط به این تلفن اینجاست.

The charger related to this phone is here.

Identifying a specific accessory.

او سوالات مربوط به درس را پرسید.

He asked questions related to the lesson.

Simple past tense verb 'porsid'.

این غذا مربوط به ایران است.

This food is related to (from) Iran.

Indicating cultural origin.

عکس‌های مربوط به سفر را دیدم.

I saw the photos related to the trip.

Direct object with 'ra'.

این نامه مربوط به شماست.

This letter is for (related to) you.

Pronoun 'shoma' as the object of 'be'.

او تمام مدارک مربوط به ماشین را فروخت.

He sold all the documents related to the car.

Compound noun phrase as direct object.

آیا این موضوع مربوط به جلسه امروز است؟

Is this matter related to today's meeting?

Question form using 'aya'.

من بخش مربوط به ورزش را در روزنامه می‌خوانم.

I read the section related to sports in the newspaper.

Present continuous habit.

هزینه‌های مربوط به هتل خیلی زیاد بود.

The costs related to the hotel were very high.

Plural subject 'hazine-ha'.

این قوانین مربوط به همه دانش‌آموزان است.

These rules apply to (are related to) all students.

Universal application.

او داستانی مربوط به زندگی خودش تعریف کرد.

He told a story related to his own life.

Reflexive pronoun 'khodash'.

ما دنبال اطلاعات مربوط به پرواز هستیم.

We are looking for information related to the flight.

Compound verb 'donbal-e ... budan'.

این جعبه مربوط به ابزار است.

This box is for (related to) tools.

Categorization of objects.

مشکلات مربوط به ترافیک در تهران جدی است.

The problems related to traffic in Tehran are serious.

Abstract noun modified by 'marbut be'.

او مقاله‌ای مربوط به تغییرات اقلیمی نوشت.

He wrote an article related to climate change.

Indefinite noun 'maqale-i'.

این ایمیل مربوط به پروژه‌ی جدید است.

This email is related to the new project.

Workplace context.

باید تمام جزئیات مربوط به قرارداد را بررسی کنیم.

We must review all the details related to the contract.

Modal verb 'bayad' with subjunctive.

شایعات مربوط به ازدواج آن‌ها دروغ بود.

The rumors related to their marriage were lies.

Subject-verb agreement with 'shaye'at'.

او در مورد مسائل مربوط به زنان صحبت کرد.

She spoke about issues related to women.

Nested prepositions: 'dar mored-e' + 'marbut be'.

این قطعه مربوط به موتور هواپیماست.

This part belongs to (is related to) the airplane engine.

Technical specification.

تحقیقات مربوط به این دارو هنوز ادامه دارد.

The research related to this drug is still ongoing.

Continuous state.

پیامدهای مربوط به سیاست‌های جدید اقتصادی هنوز مشخص نیست.

The consequences related to the new economic policies are not yet clear.

Complex subject phrase.

او به تمام سوالات مربوط به پرونده با دقت پاسخ داد.

He answered all questions related to the case with care.

Adverbial phrase 'ba deqqat'.

بخش‌های مربوط به خدمات پس از فروش باید تقویت شوند.

The departments related to after-sales services must be strengthened.

Passive voice 'taqviyat shavand'.

این اسناد مربوط به مالکیت زمین است.

These documents pertain to the ownership of the land.

Formal legal terminology.

او تخصص خود را در زمینه‌های مربوط به هوش مصنوعی افزایش داد.

He increased his expertise in fields related to artificial intelligence.

Plural 'zamine-ha'.

چالش‌های مربوط به مهاجرت در قرن بیست و یکم افزایش یافته است.

Challenges related to migration have increased in the 21st century.

Present perfect tense.

این فیلم به موضوعات مربوط به حقوق بشر می‌پردازد.

This film deals with themes related to human rights.

Verb 'pardakhtan be' (to deal with).

آیین‌نامه‌های مربوط به ایمنی کار باید رعایت شوند.

Regulations related to workplace safety must be observed.

Formal administrative language.

تحلیل‌های مربوط به ساختار قدرت در جوامع مدرن بسیار پیچیده است.

Analyses related to the power structure in modern societies are very complex.

Academic register.

او به بررسی ظرایف مربوط به ترجمه متون کلاسیک پرداخت.

He engaged in examining the nuances related to translating classical texts.

Complex gerund construction.

ابهامات مربوط به مفاد قرارداد باعث توقف پروژه شد.

Ambiguities related to the contract terms caused the project to stall.

Causal relationship in formal Persian.

داده‌های مربوط به نرخ تورم نشان‌دهنده رکود اقتصادی است.

Data related to the inflation rate indicates an economic recession.

Statistical reporting style.

او دیدگاه‌های خود را در خصوص مسائل مربوط به امنیت ملی بیان کرد.

He expressed his views regarding issues related to national security.

Formal preposition 'dar khosus-e'.

تغییرات مربوط به ساختار سلولی تحت میکروسکوپ مشاهده شد.

Changes related to cellular structure were observed under the microscope.

Scientific passive construction.

مسئولیت‌های مربوط به مدیریت بحران بر عهده این سازمان است.

Responsibilities related to crisis management lie with this organization.

Idiomatic 'bar ohde-ye ... budan'.

او به تبیین پارادایم‌های مربوط به هنر معاصر مبادرت ورزید.

He proceeded to explain the paradigms related to contemporary art.

Highly formal verb 'mobadarat varzidan'.

واکاوی بن‌مایه‌های مربوط به اساطیر در اشعار فردوسی امری ضروری است.

Analyzing the motifs related to mythology in Ferdowsi's poems is essential.

Literary analysis terminology.

او به نقد رویکردهای مربوط به پوزیتیویسم در علوم انسانی پرداخت.

He critiqued the approaches related to positivism in the humanities.

Philosophical discourse.

پیچیدگی‌های مربوط به تعاملات دیپلماتیک در منطقه نیازمند درایت است.

The complexities related to diplomatic interactions in the region require wisdom.

Geopolitical formal register.

گسست‌های مربوط به هویت ملی در عصر جهانی‌شدن قابل تامل است.

The ruptures related to national identity in the era of globalization are worth reflecting upon.

Sociological abstract language.

او به تشریح مکانیسم‌های مربوط به انتقال عصبی در مغز پرداخت.

He described the mechanisms related to neurotransmission in the brain.

Advanced medical/scientific Persian.

تضادهای مربوط به منافع طبقاتی در این رمان به خوبی تصویر شده است.

The contradictions related to class interests are well depicted in this novel.

Literary criticism.

ضرورت‌های مربوط به حفظ میراث فرهنگی بر کسی پوشیده نیست.

The necessities related to preserving cultural heritage are obvious to everyone.

Rhetorical double negative 'bar kasi pushide nist'.

او به بازخوانی پرونده‌های مربوط به حقوق بین‌الملل همت گماشت.

He dedicated himself to re-reading the files related to international law.

Formal idiom 'hemmat gomashtan'.

Common Collocations

مسائل مربوط به

هزینه‌های مربوط به

قوانین مربوط به

اطلاعات مربوط به

مدارک مربوط به

بخش مربوط به

سوالات مربوط به

اخبار مربوط به

تحقیقات مربوط به

مشکلات مربوط به

Common Phrases

مربوط به من نیست

— It's none of my business or it doesn't involve me.

این دعوا مربوط به من نیست.

هر چیزی مربوط به

— Everything related to a certain topic.

او هر چیزی مربوط به هنر را دوست دارد.

نکات مربوط به

— Points or tips regarding a subject.

نکات مربوط به سلامتی.

جزئیات مربوط به

— The specific details of a matter.

جزئیات مربوط به قتل.

پرونده مربوط به

— The file or case concerning something.

پرونده مربوط به مالیات.

وظایف مربوط به

— The duties associated with a role.

وظایف مربوط به مدیریت.

فعالیت‌های مربوط به

— Activities related to a specific field.

فعالیت‌های مربوط به محیط زیست.

تغییرات مربوط به

— Changes pertaining to a system or state.

تغییرات مربوط به آب و هوا.

اسناد مربوط به

— Official documents related to a transaction.

اسناد مربوط به خانه.

پیش‌نیازهای مربوط به

— Prerequisites related to a course or job.

پیش‌نیازهای مربوط به این کلاس.

Often Confused With

مربوط به vs درباره (Darbare)

Means 'about'. Use 'darbare' for the topic of a talk/book, use 'marbut be' for a functional connection.

مربوط به vs مرتبط با (Mortabet ba)

Means 'connected with'. Uses 'ba' instead of 'be'. Often implies an active interaction.

مربوط به vs متعلق به (Mota'alleq be)

Means 'belonging to'. Use this specifically for legal or personal ownership of property.

Idioms & Expressions

"ربطی ندارد"

— It has no connection or it's irrelevant. Used to shut down a topic.

این حرف به موضوع ما ربطی ندارد.

Informal/Neutral

"آسمان به ریسمان بافتن"

— To connect unrelated things (literally: to weave the sky to a rope).

برای توجیه اشتباهش آسمان را به ریسمان بافت.

Informal/Idiomatic

"بی‌ربط حرف زدن"

— To talk nonsense or speak off-topic.

باز هم داری بی‌ربط حرف می‌زنی.

Informal

"رشته کلام را از دست دادن"

— To lose the thread of conversation (related to the root 'rabt' as connection).

وقتی او وارد شد، رشته کلام از دستم در رفت.

Neutral

"این به آن در"

— That for this (implying a connection/repayment/tit-for-tat).

حالا مساوی شدیم، این به آن در!

Informal

"ارتباط تنگاتنگ"

— A very close or tight connection.

این دو موضوع ارتباط تنگاتنگی با هم دارند.

Formal

"به هم بافتن"

— To string together (often lies or excuses).

دروغ‌های زیادی به هم بافت تا فرار کند.

Informal

"سررشته داشتن"

— To have expertise or 'the end of the thread' in a subject.

او در مسائل مالی سررشته دارد.

Neutral

"از این بابت"

— In this regard / concerning this (related to the concept of connection).

از این بابت نگران نباش.

Neutral

"در این میان"

— In the meantime / in this context.

در این میان، مسائل مربوط به پول فراموش شد.

Formal

Easily Confused

مربوط به vs مربوط (Marbut)

Learners forget the 'be'.

Marbut is the adjective; 'marbut be' is the complete relational phrase.

این موضوع مربوط به (related to) ماست.

مربوط به vs ارتباط (Ertebat)

Both share the same root R-B-T.

Ertebat is a noun (connection/communication), marbut is an adjective (related).

ارتباط (connection) ما خوب است.

مربوط به vs رابطه (Rabete)

Same root R-B-T.

Rabete usually refers to a human relationship or a mathematical ratio.

رابطه (relationship) آن‌ها صمیمی است.

مربوط به vs وابسته (Vabaste)

Similar meaning (connected/dependent).

Vabaste implies a stronger dependency or being an 'affiliate' of an organization.

این نهاد وابسته به (affiliated with) دولت است.

مربوط به vs مناسبت (Monasebat)

Sometimes translated as 'relation'.

Monasebat usually means 'occasion' (e.g., on the occasion of Eid) or 'suitability'.

به مناسبت (on the occasion of) عید.

Sentence Patterns

[Noun] مربوط به [Noun] است.

این کلید مربوط به در است.

[Noun]-e مربوط به [Noun] را [Verb].

کتاب مربوط به آشپزی را خریدم.

آیا [Subject] مربوط به [Object] می‌شود؟

آیا این مشکل مربوط به اینترنت می‌شود؟

به دلیل مسائل مربوط به [Noun], [Clause].

به دلیل مسائل مربوط به امنیت، جلسه لغو شد.

[Noun] در حوزه‌های مربوط به [Noun] فعالیت می‌کند.

او در حوزه‌های مربوط به نجوم فعالیت می‌کند.

واکاوی جنبه‌های مربوط به [Abstract Noun] نشان می‌دهد که...

واکاوی جنبه‌های مربوط به عدالت نشان می‌دهد که...

هیچ چیز مربوط به [Noun] پیدا نکردم.

هیچ چیز مربوط به سفر پیدا نکردم.

بخش‌های مربوط به [Noun] باید بازنگری شوند.

بخش‌های مربوط به بودجه باید بازنگری شوند.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

How to Use It

frequency

Extremely high in academic, legal, and news contexts. High in daily organizational speech.

Common Mistakes

این مربوط من است. → این مربوط به من است.
Forgot the preposition 'be'.
کتاب مربوط با تاریخ → کتاب مربوط به تاریخ
Used 'ba' (with) instead of 'be' (to). 'Mortabet' takes 'ba', but 'marbut' takes 'be'.
مسائل مربوط به ها → مسائل مربوط به
Tried to pluralize 'marbut'. It is invariable.
او مربوط به سینما حرف زد. → او درباره سینما حرف زد.
Used 'marbut be' for a general topic of conversation where 'darbare-ye' is appropriate.
کلید مربوط ماشین → کلید مربوط به ماشین
Missing 'be' in a simple possessive context.

Tips

Always use 'be'

Never forget the 'be'. 'Marbut' alone is like saying 'related' without 'to' in English. It feels unfinished.

Learn the root

Learning the root R-B-T will help you remember 'ertebat' (connection), 'rabete' (relationship), and 'rabet' (liaison) all at once.

Legal Precision

In professional emails, use 'marbut be' to refer to specific case numbers or dates for a very professional tone.

Polite Boundaries

To politely tell someone a topic doesn't concern them, say 'In mas'ale marbut be shoma nemishavad'.

Essay Structure

Use 'marbut be' to define the scope of your essay in the introduction to sound like a native B2 writer.

News Headers

Listen for this phrase at the start of news segments; it will tell you exactly what the next topic is.

The 'Tie' Metaphor

Visualize a rope tying the two nouns together. The rope is named 'Marbut-be'.

Not 'Darbare'

Don't use 'marbut be' for 'about' when talking about a movie's plot. Use 'darbare-ye' there.

Office Talk

In an office, use it for folders, files, and departments. 'The folder related to the client' (Pushe-ye marbut be moshtari).

Try 'Mortabet'

To vary your language at the B2 level, try using 'mortabet ba' occasionally instead of 'marbut be'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'MAR-BUT' as a 'MARKER' that 'BUTTS' one thing against another to show they are related. Or imagine a 'Robot' (sounds slightly like marbut) that connects parts together.

Visual Association

Imagine two distinct circles with a thick, glowing rope (the 'rabt') tying them together. On the rope, the word 'BE' is written, showing the direction of the connection.

Word Web

Connection Logic Belonging Category Link Tie Relevance Dependency

Challenge

Look around your room. Point at 5 items and say what they are 'marbut be' in Persian. (e.g., The pillow is marbut be the bed).

Word Origin

Derived from the Arabic passive participle 'marbūṭ' (مَرْبُوط), which comes from the root R-B-T (ر-ب-ط). In Arabic, this root refers to binding, tying, or fastening something with a rope.

Original meaning: Tied up, fastened, or bound. It implies that two things are 'tied' together by a logical or physical cord.

Semitic (root) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

Cultural Context

Be careful using 'be man rabti nadarad' (It's none of my business) as it can sound quite rude or dismissive if not used with the right tone.

English speakers often use 'about' for everything. Persian speakers are more specific, using 'marbut be' for structural or logical ties.

Used extensively in the Iranian Civil Code (Qanun-e Madani) to define relationships between property and owners. A common term in Persian news broadcasts (e.g., BBC Persian, Iran International) when introducing segments. Found in modern Persian poetry to describe the connection between the soul and the beloved.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Academic/Education

منابع مربوط به تحقیق
نمرات مربوط به ترم اول
سرفصل‌های مربوط به درس
کنفرانس مربوط به ادبیات

Business/Office

فاکتورهای مربوط به خرید
گزارش‌های مربوط به فروش
جلسات مربوط به پروژه
ایمیل‌های مربوط به مشتری

Daily Life

کلید مربوط به انباری
داروهای مربوط به سرماخوردگی
وسایل مربوط به آشپزخانه
لباس‌های مربوط به مهمانی

Legal/Official

تبصره‌های مربوط به قانون
مدارک مربوط به شناسایی
پرونده مربوط به دادگاه
بندهای مربوط به قرارداد

Technology

تنظیمات مربوط به حریم خصوصی
خطاهای مربوط به سیستم
بروزرسانی‌های مربوط به نرم‌افزار
پوشه مربوط به عکس‌ها

Conversation Starters

"آیا این مدارک مربوط به شماست؟ (Are these documents related to you?)"

"کدام بخش مربوط به ثبت‌نام جدید است؟ (Which section is related to new registration?)"

"آیا سوالی مربوط به این درس دارید؟ (Do you have any questions related to this lesson?)"

"این هزینه‌ها مربوط به چه چیزی هستند؟ (What are these costs related to?)"

"آیا اخبار مربوط به زلزله را شنیده‌ای؟ (Have you heard the news related to the earthquake?)"

Journal Prompts

امروز چه کارهای مربوط به شغلت انجام دادی؟ (What work-related tasks did you do today?)

یک خاطره مربوط به دوران کودکی خود بنویس. (Write a memory related to your childhood.)

اهداف مربوط به سال آینده خود را لیست کن. (List your goals related to next year.)

چالش‌های مربوط به یادگیری زبان فارسی چیست؟ (What are the challenges related to learning Persian?)

درباره یک کتاب مربوط به تاریخ که خوانده‌ای بنویس. (Write about a history-related book you've read.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

No, 'marbut' strictly requires the preposition 'be'. If you want to use 'ba', you must use the word 'mortabet' (مرتبط با). Mixing them is a common grammatical error for learners.

It is neutral to formal. It is used in daily speech to organize things (like 'the key related to the car'), but it is also the standard term in legal and academic Persian. It is never out of place.

You can use 'namarbut' (نامربوط) as an adjective, or 'bi-rabt' (بی‌ربط). For example: 'In harf bi-rabt ast' (This talk is irrelevant/unrelated).

Yes, but it sounds clinical. 'In moshkel marbut be shoma nist' means 'This problem doesn't involve you.' For emotional connections, 'rabete' or 'nesbat' are better.

'Darbare-ye' means 'about' (topic). 'Marbut be' means 'connected to' (functional/logical link). You read a book *about* history, but a document *related to* a specific legal case.

No. Persian does not have grammatical gender, and 'marbut be' is an invariable phrase that stays the same regardless of whether the noun is singular or plural.

It comes from the Arabic root R-B-T, meaning to tie or bind. It is the passive participle, so it literally means 'bound to'.

Yes, it is one of the most frequent phrases in Persian news. It's used to categorize reports: 'Akhbar-e marbut be eqtesad' (News related to the economy).

Yes, in spoken Persian, 'ast' becomes 'e'. So 'In marbut be man-e' is a common way to say 'This is related to me' or 'This is my business'.

The most common opposite is 'bi-rabt be' or simply saying 'marbut be ... nist' (is not related to).