Used to describe situations or objects that pose a threat of harm or danger.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used to describe something that causes harm or injury.
- Commonly used for physical hazards and risky situations.
- More formal and objective than the word 'abunai'.
概要：「危険な」は、何かが安全ではなく、悪い結果や被害をもたらす恐れがあるときに使われる形容詞です。日常生活からニュースまで非常に幅広い場面で使用されます。
- 1使用パターン：名詞を修飾する際には「危険な＋名詞（例：危険な場所）」という形をとります。また、述語として「この場所は危険だ」のように使うことも可能です。副詞的に「危険にさらされる」という表現もよく見られます。
一般的な文脈：交通ルール、工事現場、天候、あるいは人間関係やリスクのある行動など、物理的なものから抽象的なものまで多岐にわたります。「危険な運転」「危険な橋を渡る」などの慣用的な表現も重要です。
- 1類語との比較：「危ない（あぶない）」は「危険な」とほぼ同じ意味ですが、より口語的で、少しカジュアルな響きがあります。「危険な」はより客観的で、警告や注意喚起のニュアンスが強いため、標識や公的な案内では「危険」という表記が好まれます。
Examples
ここは危険な場所です。
everydayThis is a dangerous place.
危険な運転はやめてください。
formalPlease stop dangerous driving.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
危険な橋を渡る
To take a dangerous risk
Often Confused With
Abunai is more subjective and common in daily speech. Kiken is more objective and often used in written warnings.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Use 'kiken na' for objective descriptions or formal warnings. It is less common in casual, emotional outbursts compared to 'abunai'. It is a versatile adjective that modifies nouns directly.
Common Mistakes
Beginners sometimes use 'kiken' as a noun when they should use 'kiken na' to modify a noun. Always remember the 'na' particle when connecting to a noun. Do not use it to describe personal feelings like 'I am scared'.
Tips
Use for formal warnings
When writing signs or official notices, use 'kiken' (the noun form) or 'kiken na' to sound professional and serious.
Avoid overusing in casual talk
In casual conversation with friends, 'abunai' is much more natural. 'Kiken na' can sound a bit too stiff or dramatic.
Safety culture in Japan
Japan places high importance on safety. You will see 'Kiken' signs everywhere, from construction sites to high-voltage areas.
Word Origin
The word comes from Sino-Japanese roots. 'Ki' (危) means danger, and 'ken' (険) means steep or rugged terrain.
Cultural Context
Japanese society emphasizes preventing accidents before they happen. Therefore, 'Kiken' is a standard term used in public safety communications.
Memory Tip
Think of the 'Kiken' signs on construction sites in Japan. Kiken = Keep away because it is dangerous.
Frequently Asked Questions
3 questionsどちらも似た意味ですが、「危ない」は会話でよく使われ、感情的なニュアンスが含まれることがあります。「危険な」はより硬い表現で、客観的な事実や警告を伝える際に適しています。
「危険に」とすることで副詞的に使えます。例えば「危険にさらされる」や「危険に満ちた場所」のように、何かの状態を説明する際に用いられます。
「ここから離れてください、危険です」のように伝えます。一言で言うなら「危ない！」と叫ぶのが最も一般的です。
Test Yourself
夜の公園は___ので、一人で行かないでください。
文脈的に「行かないで」という警告があるため、ネガティブな意味を持つ「危険な」が適切です。
Score: /1
Summary
Used to describe situations or objects that pose a threat of harm or danger.
- Used to describe something that causes harm or injury.
- Commonly used for physical hazards and risky situations.
- More formal and objective than the word 'abunai'.
Use for formal warnings
When writing signs or official notices, use 'kiken' (the noun form) or 'kiken na' to sound professional and serious.
Avoid overusing in casual talk
In casual conversation with friends, 'abunai' is much more natural. 'Kiken na' can sound a bit too stiff or dramatic.
Safety culture in Japan
Japan places high importance on safety. You will see 'Kiken' signs everywhere, from construction sites to high-voltage areas.
Examples
2 of 2ここは危険な場所です。
This is a dangerous place.
危険な運転はやめてください。
Please stop dangerous driving.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More general words
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
～について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
～ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
ごろ
A2About, approximately (time).
うえ
A2At a higher position than.
絶対
B1Absolutely; definitely; never.
絶対に
B1Absolutely; definitely.
