Romanian Grammar Hub

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Browse the grammar system by level and category, then open clear explanations with practical examples.

286 Total Rules
72 Chapters
7 CEFR level
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Understand Romanian Grammar Faster

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Active filters: CEFR level: B1
B1 Conditionals Verified

Conditional Formation

Combine the auxiliary words `aș, ai, ar, am, ați, ar` with any infinitive to express desires and polite possibilities.

  • • The conditional expresses 'would' for wishes, poli...
  • • Form it using auxiliaries (aș, ai, ar, am, ați, ar...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Conditionals Verified

Polite Requests

Mastering the conditional-optative mood allows you to navigate Romanian social situations with grace, respect, and diplomatic charm.

  • • Use the conditional-optative mood to turn demands...
  • • Combine auxiliaries like `aș` or `ați` with the ve...
8 examples 3 exercises 21 FAQ
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B1 Conditionals Verified

Hypothetical Scenarios

The Romanian conditional-optativ turns 'I want' into 'I would like,' making you sound polite and imaginative.

  • • Use 'aș, ai, ar, am, ați, ar' plus the verb's dict...
  • • Expresses 'would' for hypothetical situations, pol...
8 examples 3 exercises 21 FAQ
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B1 Conditionals Verified

Conditional Usage

Use the auxiliary + infinitive pattern to transform any Romanian action into a polite wish or hypothetical possibility.

  • • The conditional expresses wishes, polite requests,...
  • • Form it by combining a specific auxiliary (aș, ai,...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Verb Forms Verified

Subjunctive Formation

Use `să` to express wishes or needs, and always check for the 3rd person vowel swap.

  • • The subjunctive uses the particle `să` before the...
  • • Most forms match the Present Indicative except for...
9 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Verb Forms Verified

Expressing Wishes

Connect a desire verb to an action using `să` + Subjunctive to express polite or direct wishes effectively.

  • • Use `a vrea` for direct wants and `a dori` for for...
  • • Connect two verbs using the particle `să` and the...
9 examples 3 exercises 21 FAQ
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B1 Verb Forms Verified

Subjunctive in Clauses

The subjunctive uses `să` to turn facts into desires, necessities, or possibilities, changing only the 3rd-person verb endings.

  • • The subjunctive mood expresses desires, needs, pos...
  • • Always identify it by the mandatory particle `să`...
9 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Relative Clauses Verified

Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns like `care` act as bridges, connecting descriptions to nouns while adapting to gender and case.

  • • Use `care` to connect two sentences by replacing a...
  • • Add `pe` before `care` when the pronoun is the dir...
9 examples 3 exercises 21 FAQ
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B1 Relative Clauses Verified

Defining Clauses

Defining clauses use `care` without commas to provide essential information that identifies a specific noun in a sentence.

  • • Defining clauses identify exactly which person or...
  • • Always use a relative pronoun like `care`; never s...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Relative Clauses Verified

Non-defining Clauses

Always wrap non-essential extra information in commas to keep your Romanian clear and grammatically correct.

  • • Non-defining clauses add extra, non-essential info...
  • • Always use commas before and after the clause in R...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Relative Clauses Verified

Complex Sentence Building

Mastering `care` and `pe care` allows you to build complex, descriptive sentences that sound natural and professional.

  • • Use `care` to link two sentences and describe a sp...
  • • Add `pe` before `care` when describing a person or...
9 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Passive Voice Construction

The Romanian passive voice combines 'a fi' with a matching participle to emphasize the action's recipient over the doer.

  • • Passive voice uses 'a fi' plus the past participle...
  • • The past participle must match the subject's gende...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Passive vs Active

Use `se` + singular verb to report information objectively without naming a specific subject or source.

  • • Use `se` + 3rd person singular verb to report info...
  • • Commonly used for rumors, news, general truths, an...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Agentive Passive

Transform active sentences by using 'a fi' plus an agreed participle and 'de către' to highlight the result.

  • • Switch focus from the doer to the receiver by usin...
  • • Always match the past participle's gender and numb...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Reported Speech Basics

Reported speech turns direct quotes into smooth sentences by shifting pronouns, tenses, and using connectors like `că`.

  • • Reported speech retells what someone said without...
  • • Use `că` for statements and `dacă` for yes/no ques...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Tense Shifts

Master the reflexive `se` and tense shifts to report information objectively and professionally in Romanian.

  • • Use `se` + reporting verb to say 'It is said that'...
  • • Shift tenses to the imperfect when reporting from...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Passive & Reported Speech Verified

Indirect Questions

Wrap questions in polite phrases using `dacă` or question words to sound like a sophisticated Romanian speaker.

  • • Indirect questions make your Romanian sound polite...
  • • Use an introductory phrase like `Nu știu` or `Spun...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Gerunds & Infinitives Verified

Gerund Formation

Use the gerund to link simultaneous actions or describe 'how' something happens without changing the verb's form.

  • • Formed by adding -ând or -ind to the verb stem.
  • • Describes simultaneous actions or the manner of an...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Gerunds & Infinitives Verified

Gerund Usage

Use the Romanian gerund to describe how or when an action happens simultaneously with the main verb.

  • • Gerunds end in -ând or -ind and describe simultane...
  • • Form them by adding suffixes to the verb root base...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Gerunds & Infinitives Verified

Infinitival Clauses

Use the infinitive for formal purpose clauses and after 'a putea', but use 'să' for personal desires.

  • • The infinitive is the dictionary form, usually pre...
  • • Romanian often replaces the infinitive with the su...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Gerunds & Infinitives Verified

Gerund vs Infinitive

Use gerunds for background actions and infinitives after prepositions, but always prefer the subjunctive for personal desires.

  • • Gerunziu ends in -ând/-ind for simultaneous action...
  • • Infinitiv uses 'a' + verb for formal actions.
9 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Conjunctions & Connectors Verified

Conjunctions of Contrast

Use contrast conjunctions with a preceding comma to bridge conflicting ideas and sound like a natural Romanian speaker.

  • • Use `dar` for everyday 'but' to link two opposing...
  • • Always place a comma before `dar`, `însă`, and `to...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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B1 Conjunctions & Connectors Verified

Conjunctions of Purpose

Express purpose using `ca să` followed by the subjunctive mood to clearly link actions to your specific intentions.

  • • Use `ca să` + subjunctive to express 'in order to'...
  • • Switch to `pentru a` + infinitive for more formal...
8 examples 3 exercises 21 FAQ
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B1 Conjunctions & Connectors Verified

Conjunctions of Concession

Use `deși` to show that an action happens despite an obstacle, creating contrast and nuance in your Romanian.

  • • Conjunctions of concession like `deși` connect two...
  • • Use `deși` or `cu toate că` followed by the normal...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Conjunctions & Connectors Verified

Logical Flow

Conectorii sunt instrumentele esențiale care transformă propozițiile simple în argumente logice și conversații naturale în limba română.

  • • Conectorii leagă ideile logic pentru a crea fraze...
  • • Folosește `dar` pentru contrast, `pentru că` pentr...
9 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Case System Verified

Vocative Case Formation

Use the Vocative Case to transform a noun into a direct call, signaling you are speaking to someone.

  • • The Vocative Case is used for direct address and g...
  • • Masculine singular nouns typically add -e or -ule...
8 examples 3 exercises 22 FAQ
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B1 Case System Verified

Vocative Usage

Use the vocative to grab someone's attention by adding specific endings like -ule, -o, or -lor to nouns.

  • • The vocative case is used only for direct address...
  • • Masculine singular nouns usually add the ending -u...
8 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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Why Learn Romanian Grammar?

Grammar is the foundation of language fluency. Without understanding grammar patterns, you can memorize vocabulary but struggle to form correct sentences. Here's why structured grammar study matters:

Build Accurate Sentences

Move beyond memorized phrases. Understand the rules so you can create original, correct sentences in any situation.

Pass Language Exams

Grammar is tested in every major language exam — IELTS, DELE, DELF, JLPT, HSK, TOPIK, and more. Our CEFR-aligned curriculum maps directly to exam requirements.

Understand Native Speakers

Knowing grammar helps you parse complex sentences, understand nuance, and follow conversations even when speakers use advanced constructions.

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Students who study grammar systematically reach fluency faster than those who rely on immersion alone. Structure accelerates learning.

How Our Romanian Grammar Course Works

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Choose Your Level

Start with your CEFR level — from A0 Zero Point to C2 Mastery. Not sure? Begin at A0 and progress at your own pace.

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Study Structured Chapters

Each chapter covers a grammar topic with clear explanations, pattern tables, and real-world example sentences.

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Test your understanding with interactive exercises — fill-in-the-blank, multiple choice, sentence building, and translation practice.

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Frequently Asked Questions About Romanian Grammar

SubLearn covers 286 Romanian grammar rules organized across 7 CEFR proficiency levels (from A0 to C2), spanning 72 structured chapters. Each rule includes clear explanations, real-world examples, and interactive practice exercises.

Our Romanian grammar curriculum covers CEFR levels from A0 to C2. Each level is designed to match your current proficiency — beginners start with basic sentence patterns at A1, while advanced learners tackle nuanced structures at C1-C2.

Yes! All Romanian grammar rules, explanations, and examples are completely free to access. You can browse the full curriculum, read detailed explanations, and practice with exercises at no cost.

Grammar is organized into 72 thematic chapters following the CEFR framework. Each chapter groups related rules together — for example, verb tenses, sentence structure, or particles — so you can learn related concepts in a logical sequence.

Yes! Create a free account to track which grammar rules you've studied, see your progress across all CEFR levels, and pick up exactly where you left off. Your learning progress syncs across devices.

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