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A2 adjective 11 min read

欢喜

huānxǐ
Examples
Explanation 欢喜 in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to explore emotions. While '欢喜' (huānxǐ) is slightly more advanced than the basic '高兴' (gāoxìng - happy), A1 students can understand it as a way to say 'very happy' or 'joyful.' At this stage, the focus is on recognizing the two characters: 欢 (joy) and 喜 (happiness). You might see it in simple greetings or in the context of a story. A key thing for A1 learners to remember is not to confuse '欢喜' (huānxǐ) with '喜欢' (xǐhuān - to like). Even though they use the same characters, '喜欢' is a verb you use every day, while '欢喜' is a feeling. Think of '欢喜' as the feeling you get when you receive a wonderful gift or see a cute puppy. It is a 'big' happy feeling. In A1 materials, you might see it in a sentence like '他心里很欢喜' (He is very happy in his heart). This introduces the idea that Chinese often connects emotions to the 'heart' (心). By learning '欢喜' early, you start to see how Chinese builds complex meanings by combining two positive characters together. It's a great 'bonus' word to make your basic Chinese sound a bit more expressive.
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For A2 learners, '欢喜' (huānxǐ) becomes a useful tool for describing specific moments of delight. At this level, you are moving beyond 'I am happy' to 'I am delighted by this specific thing.' You should start using '欢喜' to describe the atmosphere of festivals like the Dragon Boat Festival or Chinese New Year. You will also encounter the word in the context of 'liking' something very much, especially in Southern Chinese settings. For example, if you are learning about Chinese regional cultures, you might hear that people in Shanghai use '欢喜' where people in Beijing use '喜欢.' Grammatically, you should practice using it with '地' (de) to form an adverb, like '欢喜地跑过来' (joyfully ran over). This adds variety to your sentence structures. You should also recognize the common phrase '皆大欢喜' (everyone is happy) as a way to describe a good ending to a story or a problem. A2 is the perfect time to start distinguishing between '高兴' (casual happy) and '欢喜' (meaningful joy). When you talk about your hobbies or things you truly care about, using '欢喜' shows that you have a deeper emotional connection to the topic. It's about moving from 'functional' Chinese to 'expressive' Chinese.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with the nuanced differences between various 'happiness' words. '欢喜' (huānxǐ) should now be part of your descriptive vocabulary for essays and more complex conversations. You will start to see this word in more formal reading passages, such as news reports about successful events or literary descriptions of characters. You should understand that '欢喜' often implies a sense of 'fondness' or 'appreciation' that '高兴' lacks. For instance, if you are describing a beautiful piece of art, saying '我看了很欢喜' suggests the art brought you a sense of delight and aesthetic pleasure. You should also be aware of the word's presence in idioms. Phrases like '欢天喜地' (overjoyed) should be added to your repertoire to make your descriptions of celebrations more vivid. B1 learners should also begin to notice the word's use in religious or philosophical contexts, even if just superficially. Understanding that '欢喜' can describe a spiritual state helps you interpret more sophisticated texts. You might also encounter it in historical dramas (wuxia or palace dramas), where characters use it to express deep affection or satisfaction with a royal decree. At this stage, you are expected to use the word accurately in context, avoiding the common mistake of using it for trivial, everyday occurrences where '开心' would be more appropriate.
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B2 learners are expected to have a firm grasp of the stylistic 'register' of '欢喜' (huānxǐ). You should recognize that this word carries a certain 'warmth' and 'weight' and is often used to create a specific tone in writing. For example, in a blog post about traveling, you might use '欢喜' to describe the feeling of discovering a hidden gem of a temple. You should also be able to compare and contrast '欢喜' with '喜悦' (xǐyuè) and '欣慰' (xīnwèi). While '欢喜' is a bubbling delight, '喜悦' is more refined and '欣慰' is the relief-filled happiness of seeing someone else succeed. B2 is also the level where you should explore the dialectal and historical uses of '欢喜.' You might study how it functions as a verb in Wu or Min dialects, which provides insight into the evolution of the Chinese language. In literature, you will see it used to describe the internal monologues of characters, often signaling a shift in their emotional state. You should be able to use '欢喜' in complex sentence patterns, such as '令人欢喜的是...' (What makes people joyful is...). Your ability to use this word correctly in a formal speech or a creative writing piece will demonstrate your advanced understanding of Chinese emotional vocabulary. You should also be able to explain the cultural significance of the word, such as its connection to 'auspiciousness' (吉祥) in Chinese culture.
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At the C1 level, your understanding of '欢喜' (huānxǐ) should encompass its deep philosophical and literary roots. You should be familiar with its use in Buddhist scriptures, where it translates concepts of pure, unattached bliss (pramoda). This allows you to engage with academic or religious texts where '欢喜' is a technical term for a specific state of enlightenment or mental clarity. You should also be able to analyze how the word is used in classical poetry and Ming/Qing dynasty novels like 'Hongloumeng' (Dream of the Red Chamber). In these contexts, '欢喜' often carries a subtle, erotic, or deeply personal weight that is lost in modern casual usage. C1 learners should be able to use the word with precision in high-level discourse, such as literary criticism or philosophical debate. You should also understand the '皆大欢喜' (jiē dà huān xǐ) idiom not just as 'everyone is happy,' but as a rhetorical device used to summarize the resolution of complex social or political conflicts. Your vocabulary should include related high-level terms like '法喜充满' (fǎ xǐ chōng mǎn - filled with the joy of the Dharma). At this level, you are not just learning a word; you are learning a cultural concept that spans thousands of years of Chinese thought. You should be able to discuss how the meaning of 'joy' has shifted from these classical roots to modern usage.
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For C2 learners, '欢喜' (huānxǐ) is a word that you can use with the same nuance and cultural resonance as a highly educated native speaker. You should be able to discern the subtle differences in how '欢喜' is used across different Chinese-speaking regions—from the 'liking' sense in Taiwan and Southern China to the 'spiritual joy' sense in mainland religious discourse. You should be able to use it in creative writing to evoke specific historical periods or to create a particular atmosphere (e.g., a nostalgic or traditional vibe). Your understanding should include the word's role in 'Xiehouyu' (Chinese歇后语 - two-part allegorical sayings) or other forms of folk wordplay. You should be able to critique the use of the word in modern media, noting when it is used ironically or when it is used to tap into traditional values. At this level, you might explore the etymological development of the characters '欢' and '喜' from oracle bone script to their modern forms, understanding how the physical representations of joy (singing, drumming) have informed the word's meaning. You are capable of translating the word into English with extreme precision, choosing 'joy,' 'delight,' 'bliss,' or 'fondness' depending on the exact context. '欢喜' is no longer just a vocabulary item; it is a thread in the rich tapestry of the Chinese language that you can weave into your own sophisticated communication.
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Examples

The Chinese word 欢喜 (huānxǐ) is a multifaceted term that translates to 'joy,' 'delight,' or 'great pleasure.' While at a basic level it might seem synonymous with the common word for happy (高兴 - gāoxìng), 欢喜 carries a deeper, often more internal or spiritual resonance. It describes a state where the heart is genuinely moved by goodness, beauty, or a positive outcome. Historically and culturally, it is more than just a passing mood; it is an orientation of the spirit toward positivity. In modern standard Mandarin, it is frequently used in literature, formal speeches, and religious contexts, particularly Buddhism, to describe a profound sense of bliss. However, it also finds its way into daily life when describing a collective sense of celebration or a deep personal fondness for someone or something.

Etymological Roots
The character 欢 (huān) represents joy, vigor, and noisy celebration, often associated with a bird chirping or people cheering. The character 喜 (xǐ) depicts a drum and a mouth, symbolizing the beating of drums and singing in celebration of a wedding or a successful harvest. Together, they form a word that encapsulates both the outward expression and the inward feeling of celebration.

看到孩子们快乐地玩耍，我的内心充满了欢喜。

Translation: Seeing the children playing happily, my heart is filled with joy.

In the context of interpersonal relationships, 欢喜 can also imply a strong liking or affection. In many Southern Chinese dialects, such as Shanghainese or Minnan, 欢喜 is actually the primary way to say 'to like,' whereas in standard Mandarin, '喜欢' (xǐhuān) is used. This dialectal influence often bleeds into literature and film, giving the word a nostalgic or regional charm. When you use 欢喜 in a sentence, you are often elevating the emotion from a simple 'I am happy' to 'I am experiencing a state of delight.' It is the difference between a quick smile and a warm, glowing heart. For example, during the Lunar New Year, one might say the atmosphere is full of 欢喜, suggesting a deep-seated communal joy that transcends just having fun.

这件旗袍剪裁得体，我真是越看越欢喜。

Translation: This qipao is so well-tailored; the more I look at it, the more I like it.
Cultural Nuance
In Buddhist philosophy, '欢喜' (pramoda) is considered a positive mental state that arises from virtuous actions or hearing the Dharma. It is a joy that is free from attachment or ego, a pure delight in the truth. This is why you often see the phrase '皆大欢喜' (jiē dà huān xǐ), meaning 'everyone is greatly delighted' or 'a happy ending for all,' used in stories and news.

Furthermore, the word is often used in compound idioms like 欢天喜地 (huān tiān xǐ dì), which literally means 'joyous as heaven and earth,' describing a state of wild exuberance. While 高兴 is something you might feel because you found five dollars, 欢喜 is something you feel when you see your child graduate or when you witness a beautiful sunrise after a long hike. It has a quality of 'appreciation' mixed with 'happiness.' Understanding this distinction helps learners move from basic communication to more expressive and nuanced Chinese.

全家人围坐在一起吃年夜饭，这种欢喜是无法言喻的。

Using 欢喜 correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective, a noun, and occasionally a verb. Unlike '高兴' (gāoxìng), which often functions as a simple predicate (e.g., 我很高兴), 欢喜 often appears in more descriptive or structured phrases. It is frequently preceded by '满心' (mǎnxīn - heart full of) or followed by '地' (de) to form an adverb. Let's explore the various grammatical structures where this word shines.

As an Adjective (Predicate)
When used as an adjective, it describes a state of being. It is often intensified with '非常' (fēicháng) or '十分' (shífēn).
Example: 听到这个好消息，大家都非常欢喜。 (Hearing this good news, everyone was very joyful.)

他欢喜得不知说什么好。

Translation: He was so joyful he didn't know what to say.
As an Adverbial Modifier
To describe an action done with joy, add '地' (de).
Example: 她欢喜地接过礼物。 (She joyfully accepted the gift.)

One of the most common literary uses is the phrase 满心欢喜 (mǎnxīn huānxǐ). This is used to describe a deep, internal saturation of joy. It is perfect for writing essays or more formal descriptions of emotion. For example: '他满心欢喜地回到了家乡' (He returned to his hometown with a heart full of joy). This sounds much more sophisticated than simply saying 'He was happy to go home.'

这对新婚夫妇脸上洋溢着欢喜。

Translation: The faces of the newlywed couple were overflowing with joy.

In certain idiomatic constructions, 欢喜 can act as a verb meaning 'to like' or 'to be fond of,' especially in older literature or Southern dialects. While '喜欢' is the standard verb today, you might encounter '欢喜' as a verb in song lyrics or classic novels. For example, '我欢喜你' (I like/love you) is common in Hokkien/Taiwanese songs, giving a sense of tender, earnest affection that '喜欢' sometimes lacks. However, as an A2 learner, you should focus on its use as an emotional state ('joy').

The '皆大欢喜' Pattern
This four-character idiom is used to describe a situation where everyone is satisfied. It often functions as a standalone comment on a resolution.
Example: 既然双方都同意这个方案，那就皆大欢喜了。 (Since both parties agree to this plan, then everyone is happy.)

Finally, when describing objects that bring you joy, you can use it in the structure '令人欢喜' (making one joyful). For instance, '这是一个令人欢喜的结果' (This is a result that makes people joyful). This structure allows you to attribute the cause of the joy to an external event or object, broadening your descriptive range in Chinese.

To truly master 欢喜, you need to know where it crops up in the real world. Unlike '开心' (kāixīn), which you'll hear in every coffee shop and playground, 欢喜 has specific 'haunts.' You will hear it in traditional celebrations, religious settings, regional dialects, and classical storytelling.

1. Traditional Festivals and Weddings
During the Chinese New Year or at a wedding, the atmosphere is described as '欢天喜地' (huān tiān xǐ dì). Elders might tell the younger generation to '多点欢喜' (have more joy). It carries a sense of auspiciousness and blessing that 'happy' doesn't quite capture. In these settings, joy is seen as a magnet for good fortune.

过年了，到处都是一片欢喜的气氛。

Translation: It's Chinese New Year; there is a joyful atmosphere everywhere.
2. Buddhist Contexts
If you visit a temple or listen to a Buddhist lecture, you will hear the term '欢喜心' (huānxǐ xīn - a heart of joy). This refers to a state of mind where one receives teachings with a pure, delighted heart. It is one of the 'Ten Stages' in some Buddhist traditions. Even if you aren't religious, knowing this helps you understand why the word feels 'elevated' to native speakers.

In the world of entertainment, '皆大欢喜' (Virtues of Harmony) was a very famous Hong Kong sitcom. The title essentially means 'Everyone is Happy.' This phrase is used constantly in daily life to describe a win-win situation. If you settle a dispute between two friends and both are satisfied, you can say '这下皆大欢喜了!'

3. Regional Dialects and Songs
In Southern China and Taiwan, you'll hear '欢喜' used as a verb for 'like.' There is a famous song called '欢喜就好' (huānxǐ jiù hǎo), which means 'As long as you're happy/As long as you like it.' It expresses a relaxed, carefree philosophy of life. Hearing this word in a song often adds a touch of folk sincerity.

Finally, you will find 欢喜 in classic literature like 'Dream of the Red Chamber.' It is used to describe the nuanced emotions of the characters—not just a simple laugh, but a complex inner delight or a budding attraction. When a character '心中欢喜' (felt joy in their heart), it often signals a pivotal emotional moment. By paying attention to these contexts, you'll start to feel the 'weight' of the word beyond its dictionary definition.

只要你欢喜，我做什么都愿意。

Translation: As long as you are happy/like it, I am willing to do anything.

Learning 欢喜 can be tricky because it overlaps with several other 'happiness' words. The most common pitfall for English speakers is using it as a direct substitute for 'happy' in every situation. Here are the main areas where learners often stumble.

1. Confusing '欢喜' (huānxǐ) with '喜欢' (xǐhuān)
This is the #1 mistake. They use the same characters but in reverse order. 喜欢 is the standard verb for 'to like' (e.g., 我喜欢苹果). In standard Mandarin, 欢喜 is primarily an adjective/noun for 'joy.' If you say '我欢喜苹果,' a native speaker from Beijing will understand you but think you are speaking like a character from an old book or a different province.
2. Overusing it in casual conversation
If your friend buys you a coffee, saying '我很欢喜' (wǒ hěn huānxǐ) sounds a bit too dramatic or poetic. It's like saying 'I am filled with great delight' instead of 'Thanks, I'm happy.' For everyday small pleasures, use 开心 (kāixīn) or 高兴 (gāoxìng).

Incorrect: 今天天气很好，我很欢喜。
Better: 今天天气很好，我很开心。

3. Misunderstanding the 'Scale' of Joy
Learners sometimes use 欢喜 for temporary excitement. 欢喜 is usually a more sustained, meaningful joy. If you are excited about a rollercoaster, use 兴奋 (xīngfèn). If you are experiencing a deep sense of satisfaction or spiritual peace, then use 欢喜.

Another mistake is using 欢喜 when you mean 'fun.' If a party was fun, you should say '很有趣' (hěn yǒuqù) or '很好玩' (hěn hǎowán). 欢喜 describes the internal emotion, not the quality of the event itself. Finally, remember that 欢喜 is rarely used in negative constructions like '我不欢喜.' Usually, people just say '我不高兴' or '我不喜欢.' Negative forms of 欢喜 are very rare in spoken Mandarin.

听到这个好消息，他露出了欢喜的笑容。

Correct usage: Describing a specific type of 'joyful' smile.

To help you choose the right word for the right moment, let's compare 欢喜 with its close relatives. Chinese has a rich vocabulary for happiness, and each word has its own 'flavor.'

欢喜 (huānxǐ) vs. 高兴 (gāoxìng)
高兴 is the most common, all-purpose word for 'happy.' It's often temporary and external. 欢喜 is more internal, profound, and often has a literary or spiritual touch. You are 高兴 when you get a free dessert; you are 欢喜 when you see your family after years apart.
欢喜 (huānxǐ) vs. 快乐 (kuàilè)
快乐 is often used for 'Merry' or 'Happy' in greetings (e.g., 生日快乐). It refers to a general state of well-being or a festive mood. 欢喜 is more about the specific 'spark' of delight or fondness.
欢喜 (huānxǐ) vs. 喜悦 (xǐyuè)
喜悦 is very formal and often used in writing. It describes a refined, quiet joy. 欢喜 is slightly more energetic and can be used in both speech and writing. 喜悦 is the joy of a scholar; 欢喜 is the joy of a grandmother seeing her grandson.

相比于一时的高兴，我更追求内心的欢喜。

Translation: Compared to temporary happiness, I pursue inner joy.

If you want to describe being 'excited,' use 兴奋 (xīngfèn). If you want to say something is 'fun,' use 有趣 (yǒuqù). If you want to say you are 'satisfied' or 'content,' use 满足 (mǎnzú). 欢喜 sits in a special spot where 'liking' meets 'bliss.' When you are so fond of something that it makes you feel deeply good, that is 欢喜.

In summary, choose 欢喜 when the joy is deep, meaningful, or involves a strong sense of liking. Use its synonyms when the feeling is more casual, temporary, or specifically tied to a holiday greeting.

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Examples by Level

1

他心里很欢喜。

He is very happy in his heart.

Simple Subject + Adverb + Adjective structure.

2

过年了，大家都很欢喜。

It's New Year, everyone is very joyful.

Using '欢喜' to describe a general mood.

3

我欢喜这朵花。

I like/am delighted by this flower.

Used here as a verb meaning 'to like' (dialectal/literary style).

4

看到你，我很欢喜。

Seeing you, I am very joyful.

A1 level expression of emotion upon meeting someone.

5

小猫很欢喜地玩球。

The kitten is playing with the ball joyfully.

Adjective + 地 + Verb to form an adverb.

6

这个礼物让他很欢喜。

This gift made him very joyful.

Subject (Gift) + 让 (make) + Object (him) + Adjective.

7

今天是个欢喜的日子。

Today is a joyful day.

Using '欢喜' as an attributive adjective before a noun.

8

大家欢喜地跳舞。

Everyone is dancing joyfully.

Adverbial use describing the manner of dancing.

1

听到考试通过的消息，他满心欢喜。

Hearing the news of passing the exam, his heart was full of joy.

Using the common phrase '满心欢喜'.

2

这件衣服，我越看越欢喜。

This piece of clothing, the more I look at it, the more I like it.

越...越... (the more... the more...) pattern.

3

既然大家都同意，那就皆大欢喜了。

Since everyone agrees, then everyone is happy.

Idiomatic use of '皆大欢喜'.

4

他欢喜地接过奖杯。

He joyfully accepted the trophy.

Describing the manner of an action.

5

这个小城充满了欢喜的气息。

This small town is filled with a joyful atmosphere.

充满 (filled with) + Noun phrase.

6

妈妈欢喜地准备着年夜饭。

Mom is joyfully preparing the New Year's Eve dinner.

Describing an ongoing action done with joy.

7

他的脸上露出了欢喜的笑容。

A joyful smile appeared on his face.

Attributive use modifying '笑容' (smile).

8

我们欢喜地迎接新年的到来。

We joyfully welcome the arrival of the New Year.

Focus on the collective emotion during a festival.

1

这种发自内心的欢喜是金钱买不到的。

This kind of joy from the bottom of one's heart cannot be bought with money.

Abstract noun use in a philosophical sentence.

2

他欢天喜地地跑回家，告诉父母这个好消息。

He ran home overjoyed to tell his parents the good news.

Using the 4-character idiom '欢天喜地' as an adverb.

3

老两口看到孙子，真是打心底里欢喜。

The old couple were truly joyful from the bottom of their hearts when they saw their grandson.

Using '打心底里' (from the bottom of the heart) for emphasis.

4

这部电影的结局皆大欢喜，观众都很满意。

The ending of this movie was a happy one for all, and the audience was very satisfied.

Using '皆大欢喜' as a predicate to describe a situation.

5

他那副欢喜的样子，真是让人忍俊不禁。

His joyful appearance really makes one unable to help laughing.

Complex sentence with '让人...' (make people...).

6

带着一份欢喜心去工作，效率会更高。

Working with a heart of joy will make you more efficient.

Using '欢喜心' (joyful heart/mind) as a compound noun.

7

这对欢喜冤家整天吵架，但感情却很好。

This 'quarrelsome but loving couple' fights all day, but they have a great relationship.

Idiomatic term '欢喜冤家' (bickering lovers).

8

他越是掩饰，越是藏不住内心的欢喜。

The more he tried to hide it, the more he couldn't conceal his inner joy.

越...越... pattern with emotional verbs.

1

在这静谧的午后，读一本好书，心中便生出无限欢喜。

In this quiet afternoon, reading a good book brings infinite joy to the heart.

Literary style with '生出' (to give rise to).

2

他那满脸的欢喜，说明他已经放下了过去的包袱。

The joy all over his face shows that he has already let go of his past burdens.

Using emotion as evidence for a deeper psychological state.

3

这件瓷器工艺精湛，令人一见欢喜。

This porcelain piece is exquisitely crafted, bringing joy at first sight.

Structure '令人...欢喜' (making one joyful).

4

他欢喜地接受了挑战，仿佛那是某种奖赏。

He joyfully accepted the challenge as if it were some kind of reward.

Using '仿佛' (as if) to create a simile.

5

这种欢喜并非因为物质的获得，而是精神的契合。

This joy is not because of material gain, but spiritual resonance.

Contrastive structure '并非...而是...' (not... but...).

6

他那欢喜的劲头，感染了身边的每一个人。

His joyful energy infected everyone around him.

Using '劲头' (energy/enthusiasm) after '欢喜'.

7

既然事已至此，能落个皆大欢喜的结局已是不易。

Since things have come to this, being able to end with a happy outcome for all is not easy.

Formal conditional structure.

8

她心中欢喜，脚下的步子也变得轻快起来。

With joy in her heart, her steps also became light and quick.

Linking internal emotion to physical action.

1

禅师微笑着，眼中尽是慈悲与欢喜。

The Zen master smiled, his eyes full of compassion and joy.

Religious/philosophical context for the word.

2

这种跨越时空的艺术共鸣，最是令人欢喜。

This kind of artistic resonance across time and space is what brings the most joy.

High-level abstract subject.

3

他在这份工作中找到了久违的欢喜，而非单纯的成就感。

He found a long-lost joy in this work, rather than just a sense of achievement.

Distinguishing between 'joy' and 'achievement'.

4

字里行间流露出的那份欢喜，真实而动人。

The joy revealed between the lines is real and touching.

Metaphorical use in literary analysis.

5

他欢喜地沉浸在古籍的研究中，浑然忘我。

He joyfully immersed himself in the study of ancient texts, completely losing himself.

Using '浑然忘我' (losing oneself) to describe deep joy.

6

这种欢喜是宁静的，如同深潭之水，不起波澜。

This joy is serene, like the water of a deep pool, without a ripple.

Poetic simile to define the quality of the joy.

7

在这一刻，所有的苦难似乎都为了衬托这一刻的欢喜。

In this moment, all suffering seemed to exist only to highlight the joy of this moment.

Philosophical reflection on the nature of joy.

8

他以一颗欢喜心观照世间，万物皆有情。

He observes the world with a heart of joy; all things have spirit.

Buddhist-influenced phrasing.

1

其文辞藻华丽，读之令人满口生香，心生欢喜。

The prose is ornate; reading it leaves a fragrance in the mouth and joy in the heart.

Classical literary style (Classical Chinese influence).

2

这种欢喜，实则是对生命本质的一种深刻认同与礼赞。

This joy is, in fact, a profound identification with and celebration of the essence of life.

Highly abstract and philosophical definition.

3

他笔下的欢喜，往往带着一丝历经沧桑后的淡然。

The joy in his writings often carries a hint of indifference after experiencing the vicissitudes of life.

Complex literary critique.

4

即便是在最困顿的时刻，他亦能自寻欢喜，苦中作乐。

Even in the most difficult times, he can find joy for himself and make merry in hardship.

Using '亦能' (also can) and '苦中作乐' (finding joy in bitterness).

5

那份欢喜在岁月的磨砺下，愈发显得纯粹而厚重。

That joy, under the tempering of years, appears increasingly pure and profound.

Personification of 'joy' as something that can be tempered.

6

所谓大欢喜，莫过于在众生之中见到了自己。

The so-called 'Great Joy' is none other than seeing oneself among all living beings.

Axiomatic philosophical statement.

7

他欢喜地摩挲着那块古玉，仿佛在与历史对话。

He joyfully stroked the ancient jade, as if conversing with history.

Describing a sensory action linked to deep delight.

8

此番重逢，虽无执手相看泪眼，但心底的欢喜却是实实在在的。

This reunion, though without holding hands and looking at each other with teary eyes, the joy in the heart is solid.

Referencing classical poetry (Liu Yong) to contrast emotions.

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