Gudan describes the feeling of being alone and lacking companionship.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Describes feeling alone without company.
- Expresses a sense of loneliness and lack of connection.
- Commonly used in everyday emotional expression.
Overview
“孤单”是一个非常常用的中文词汇，用来形容一个人在物理上或情感上感到独自一人，缺乏陪伴。它表达的是一种主观的感受，可能是在人群中，也可能是一个人独处时产生。这个词语在日常生活中使用频率很高，尤其是在表达情感和人际关系方面。
“孤单”主要用作形容词，修饰人或人的状态。它可以单独使用，也可以与其他词语组合，例如“感到孤单”、“非常孤单”、“有点孤单”。它也可以用来形容环境，如“孤单的身影”、“孤单的夜晚”，但核心含义仍然是指与人相关的孤独感。
这个词语常常出现在描述个人情感的语境中，比如在日记、信件、歌曲、电影中。例如，一个人搬到一个新城市，可能会感到孤单；在节日里，如果家人朋友不在身边，也可能感到孤单。它也可以用于描述一些文学或艺术作品中人物的心理状态。
与“孤独”相比，“孤单”更侧重于物理上的无人陪伴，或者指因缺乏陪伴而产生的寂寞感，情感色彩相对较轻。而“孤独”则更强调内心的、精神上的隔绝感，是一种更深层次、更持久的状态，情感色彩更浓厚。例如，“一个人在家感到孤单”比较常见，而“他是一个内心非常孤独的人”则指向更深层的精神状态。“寂寞”与“孤单”非常接近，都指因缺乏陪伴而产生的空虚感，但“寂寞”更偏向于一种短暂的、需要排遣的情绪。
Examples
一个人住在这座大城市里，我常常感到很孤单。
everydayLiving alone in this big city, I often feel lonely.
在热闹的聚会中，他却觉得自己格外孤单。
informalEven amidst a lively party, he felt particularly alone.
失去亲人的痛苦让他陷入了深深的孤单之中。
formalThe pain of losing loved ones plunged him into deep loneliness.
研究表明，长期的社会隔离会导致个体产生强烈的孤单感。
academicResearch indicates that prolonged social isolation can lead individuals to experience intense feelings of loneliness.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
一个人孤单单
all alone by oneself
孤单的身影
lonely figure/silhouette
孤单的心
lonely heart
Often Confused With
'孤单' (gūdān) often implies a situational or temporary feeling of being alone due to lack of company. '孤独' (gūdú) suggests a deeper, more profound, and often more enduring sense of isolation and separateness.
'寂寞' (jìmò) is very close to '孤单' and also refers to feeling lonely due to lack of companionship, often implying a need for interaction or entertainment to alleviate the feeling.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Generally used in informal and neutral contexts. It describes a personal feeling, so it's common in diaries, personal essays, and casual conversations. Avoid using it in highly formal or technical writing unless describing a character's emotional state.
Common Mistakes
Confusing '孤单' with '孤独' is common; remember '孤独' is often deeper and more existential. Ensure the context truly reflects a lack of companionship rather than just being alone.
Tips
Emphasize Lack of Company
Use '孤单' when you want to highlight the absence of people around you.
Distinguish from '孤独'
Remember '孤独' implies a deeper, more existential loneliness than '孤单'.
Social Connection Importance
In Chinese culture, strong emphasis is placed on family and community ties, making feelings of '孤单' quite relatable.
Word Origin
The character '孤' (gū) means alone or orphaned. '单' (dān) means single or alone. Together, they literally emphasize the state of being alone.
Cultural Context
In collectivist cultures like China, strong emphasis is placed on social harmony and group belonging. Therefore, expressing '孤单' can be seen as a vulnerable admission, often evoking sympathy.
Memory Tip
Think of '孤单' as 'gu' (alone) + 'dan' (single/one). It's the feeling of being just one, without others.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“孤单”通常指物理上无人陪伴，感觉寂寞。而“孤独”更侧重于内心的、精神上的隔绝感，是一种更深层次的状态。
“孤单”可以用在各种日常场合，尤其是在表达个人情感、描述人际关系时。例如，在日记、聊天、歌曲或电影中都很常见。
“孤单”本身是中性词，但它描述的是一种不那么令人愉快的感受。在语境中，它通常带有负面或略带伤感的情感色彩。
你可以说：“一个人在新城市，他感到很孤单。”或者“夜晚来临，我一个人在家，觉得有些孤单。”
Test Yourself
节日里，没有家人陪伴，他感到非常______。
句意是说因为没有家人陪伴而感到不开心，所以“孤单”是最合适的词。
“孤单”最接近的意思是：
“孤单”的核心意思是缺乏陪伴，感到寂寞。
请将以下词语组成一个通顺的句子：我 / 感到 / 一个人 / 有点 / 孤单
这个句子结构完整，语意通顺，符合中文表达习惯。
Score: /3
Summary
Gudan describes the feeling of being alone and lacking companionship.
- Describes feeling alone without company.
- Expresses a sense of loneliness and lack of connection.
- Commonly used in everyday emotional expression.
Emphasize Lack of Company
Use '孤单' when you want to highlight the absence of people around you.
Distinguish from '孤独'
Remember '孤独' implies a deeper, more existential loneliness than '孤单'.
Social Connection Importance
In Chinese culture, strong emphasis is placed on family and community ties, making feelings of '孤单' quite relatable.
Examples
4 of 4一个人住在这座大城市里，我常常感到很孤单。
Living alone in this big city, I often feel lonely.
在热闹的聚会中，他却觉得自己格外孤单。
Even amidst a lively party, he felt particularly alone.
失去亲人的痛苦让他陷入了深深的孤单之中。
The pain of losing loved ones plunged him into deep loneliness.
研究表明，长期的社会隔离会导致个体产生强烈的孤单感。
Research indicates that prolonged social isolation can lead individuals to experience intense feelings of loneliness.
