B1 noun Neutral 1 min read

形势

xíngshì /ˈxɪŋ ʂɚ/

Xingshi refers to the overall situation and its developing trend.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Describes overall situation or state.
  • Implies development trends and circumstances.
  • Used in formal and informal contexts.

Overview

“形势”是一个非常常用的中文词语,用来描述一个整体的、动态的局面或状态。它不是指单一的事件或物品,而是指一系列相关因素交织在一起所形成的整体情况。理解“形势”的关键在于它包含了时间维度(当前状态)和空间维度(所处的环境),并且常常带有一定的评价或判断色彩,暗示着情况的好坏、有利或不利。

“形势”通常作为名词使用,可以单独成句,也可以与其他词语组合成更具体的词组。它经常与表示时间、地点、评价或变化的词语搭配使用。例如,“当前形势”、“国际形势”、“严峻的形势”、“有利的形势”、“形势好转”、“形势恶化”等。在句子中,它可以是主语、宾语或定语。

“形势”一词广泛应用于各种场合。在新闻报道和时事评论中,经常用来分析政治、经济、军事或社会等领域的发展状况。在商业和管理领域,用于评估市场环境、竞争态势或公司内部的运营状况。在日常生活中,也可以用来描述家庭、人际关系或个人面临的状况。例如,医生可能会说“病人的生命体征稳定,但整体形势依然严峻”,或者朋友之间会说“最近找工作形势不太好”。

“局面”强调的是眼前所呈现出来的状态或格局,与“形势”相似,但“形势”更强调发展变化的趋势和动态性,而“局面”有时更侧重于静态的呈现。

“态势”通常用于军事、体育或竞争等领域,指一方或多方所表现出来的力量对比、发展趋向和作战(或竞争)的状态。它比“形势”更具体,更强调力量和对抗性。

“情况”比“形势”更口语化,指具体的事实或状态,范围更窄,可以指具体事件的细节。例如,“什么情况?”、“报名情况”。而“形势”更侧重于宏观、整体的局面和趋势。

Examples

1

当前经济形势不容乐观。

news

The current economic situation is not optimistic.

2

面对严峻的形势,我们要保持冷静。

formal

Facing the grim situation, we must remain calm.

3

最近找工作形势不太好。

informal

The job market situation hasn't been great lately.

4

分析国际形势需要考虑多方面因素。

academic

Analyzing the international situation requires considering multiple factors.

Common Collocations

严峻的形势 grim situation
有利的形势 favorable situation
国际形势 international situation
经济形势 economic situation

Common Phrases

形势比人强

The situation is stronger than the individual; circumstances beyond one's control.

审时度势

Judge the hour and size up the situation; assess the situation and act accordingly.

形势一片大好

The situation is excellent all around.

Often Confused With

形势 vs 情况 (qíngkuàng)

'Qingkuang' is more general and can refer to specific details or facts of a situation. 'Xingshi' usually refers to a broader, more dynamic state or trend.

形势 vs 局面 (júmiàn)

'Jumian' often describes the appearance or pattern of a situation at a given moment, sometimes more static than 'xingshi', which emphasizes development and change.

Grammar Patterns

(形容词)+ 形势 形势 + (动词短语) (地点/领域)+ 形势

How to Use It

Usage Notes

The word 'xingshi' is frequently used in formal contexts like news reports, political discussions, and academic analysis. It can also appear in informal settings when discussing broader trends affecting a group or community. Pay attention to adjectives used with it, as they often indicate an evaluation of the situation.


Common Mistakes

Learners might overuse 'xingshi' for very specific, minor details where 'qingkuang' would be more appropriate. Conversely, using 'qingkuang' when a broader trend or state of affairs is meant might sound too narrow.

Tips

💡

Grasp the Big Picture

Think of 'xingshi' as the overall state of affairs, encompassing multiple factors and trends.

⚠️

Avoid Overly Specific Usage

'Xingshi' is generally for broader situations, not minute details. Use 'qingkuang' for specifics.

Word Origin

The character 形 (xíng) means 'shape' or 'form', while 势 (shì) means 'power', 'force', or 'tendency'. Together, 'xingshi' implies the form or shape that a situation takes, along with its underlying forces and direction of development.

Cultural Context

In Chinese culture, understanding and adapting to the 'xingshi' is often emphasized. Being aware of the prevailing trends and circumstances is considered important for making strategic decisions, whether in business, politics, or personal life.

Memory Tip

Think of 'xingshi' as the 'scene' (形) and the 'direction' (势) things are moving in. It paints a picture of the overall state and its flow.

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions

“形势”更侧重于宏观、整体的局面和发展趋势,常用于政治、经济等领域。而“情况”更口语化,指具体的事实或状态,范围较窄,可以指细节。

可以。虽然“形势”常用于宏观领域,但也可以用来描述个人面临的整体状况,比如“我最近的经济形势不太好”。

不是。形势可以是积极的,也可以是消极的。可以说“形势大好”或“形势严峻”,取决于具体语境。

两者都常用。“形势”更强调动态和趋势,而“局面”有时更侧重于静态的格局。具体使用哪个取决于你想表达的侧重点。

Test Yourself

fill blank

经过几年的发展,我们公司的整体 ______ 得到了很大的改善。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 形势

这里描述的是公司整体的发展状态和趋势,用‘形势’最恰当,带有积极的评价。

multiple choice

下列哪个词语最适合用来描述“当前国际局势”?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 形势

描述宏观的、动态发展的国际局势,‘形势’是最常用的词。

sentence building

请将以下词语组成一个有意义的句子:严峻 / 形势 / 我们 / 必须 / 认识到

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 我们必须认识到严峻形势。

这个句子结构完整,表达了‘我们必须意识到当前面临的严峻局面’的意思。

Score: /3

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