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B2 noun 10 min de leitura

考案

koan
Exemplos 考案 em 30 segundos
Explicação 考案 in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of 考案 (kōan) as a fancy way to say 'I made a new plan' or 'I made a new thing'. Since you are just starting, you don't need to use this word in every sentence. Instead, notice it when people talk about experts or smart people. For example, if a teacher makes a new game for the class, they 'kōan'-ed it. It comes from 'kō' (think) and 'an' (plan). Even though it's a big word, you can use it simply: 'I kōan-ed a game.' Just remember to add 'suru' to make it an action. It's like saying 'I did a thinking-plan'. You will mostly see it in simple sentences about making something new, like a recipe or a simple rule for a game. It's a 'power word' that makes you sound very smart even at the beginning!
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At the A2 level, you can start using 考案 (kōan) to describe your own small 'inventions' or ideas. If you find a new way to study kanji, you can say, 'I kōan-ed a new study method.' This word is better than 'tsukuru' (to make) because it shows that you used your brain to solve a problem. You will often see it in the past tense: 'kōan shimashita' (I devised). It is very common in cooking contexts; for example, 'I devised a new way to cook eggs.' At this level, focus on the structure: [Thing] + を + [考案] + しました. It helps you distinguish between just making something physical and creating an idea or a method. It's a great word to use when you want to explain why your way of doing something is special.
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By B1, you should understand that 考案 (kōan) is a 'suru-verb' used for professional or clever solutions. It's not just for big scientists; it's for anyone who creates a system. You might hear it in office settings: 'Who kōan-ed this filing system?' It implies that the system is logical and original. You should also start noticing the noun form: 'This is my kōan' (This is my devised plan). At this level, you can use it to talk about hobbies or work improvements. If you are a programmer, you kōan a logic flow. If you are a designer, you kōan a layout. It's more formal than 'omoitsuku' (to come up with), so use it when you want to sound serious about your work. It's also useful for describing the history of things you use every day, like 'The person who kōan-ed the QR code was Japanese.'
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At the B2 level, 考案 (kōan) is a key vocabulary item for discussing innovation, patents, and business strategies. You should be comfortable using it in the passive voice ('kōan sareta') to describe how systems or products were developed. For example, 'This marketing strategy was devised (kōan sareta) to target younger audiences.' You should also be able to distinguish it from 'hatsumei' (invention) and 'sekkei' (design). Kōan specifically refers to the intellectual 'scheme' or 'mechanism'. In a B2 level discussion, you might use it to argue about the originality of an idea. It's frequently found in news reports about new technology or government policies. You should also recognize the compound 'kōansha' (the deviser/originator) and use it when referring to the creator of a method or a puzzle.
At the C1 level, your use of 考案 (kōan) should reflect an understanding of its legal and academic nuances. It is the standard term used in intellectual property discussions, specifically for 'utility models' (jitsuyō shin'an). You should be able to use it in complex sentences involving abstract concepts, such as 'devising a framework for socio-economic reform'. In professional writing, kōan conveys a sense of rigorous methodology and successful implementation. You might analyze the 'kōan no keii' (the circumstances/process of the devising) to explain the historical context of a scientific breakthrough. At this level, you should also be aware of its synonyms like 'anshutsu' or 'sōshutsu' and choose kōan when the focus is specifically on the logical design or the functional mechanism of the idea.
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At the C2 level, 考案 (kōan) is used with precision to describe the genesis of complex systems, philosophical frameworks, or intricate technical mechanisms. You would use it in high-level discourse to discuss the 'kōan' of a new linguistic theory or a revolutionary architectural approach. The word carries an implication of 'ingenious solution-finding'. In a C2 context, you might discuss the ethical implications of who 'kōan'-ed a certain AI algorithm. You should also be able to navigate its use in classical or highly formal literature, where it might appear in discussions about the 'kōan' of traditional crafts or ancient strategies. Your mastery should include understanding how kōan interacts with other specialized terms in fields like law, engineering, and the arts, ensuring that you use it to highlight the intellectual spark behind a functional achievement.
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Exemplos

考案 em 30 segundos

  • Kōan means to devise or invent a new plan or method through careful thought.
  • It is a B2-level formal word often used in business, science, and cooking.
  • It differs from 'hatsumei' (invention) by focusing more on the method or idea.
  • Commonly used with 'suru' to describe the act of creating a unique solution.

The Japanese word 考案 (こうあん - kōan) is a sophisticated noun that often functions as a surrogate verb when paired with 'suru'. At its core, it represents the intellectual act of devising, inventing, or conceiving a new idea, method, or design through focused mental effort. Unlike simple 'thinking' (omou) or 'considering' (kangaeru), kōan implies a creative output—a tangible result of an analytical process. It is the bridge between a problem and a unique solution, often used in professional, technical, or creative contexts where innovation is the primary goal.

Etymological Nuance
The first kanji, 考 (kō), means to think, consider, or research. The second kanji, 案 (an), refers to a plan, a draft, or a proposal. Together, they literally translate to 'thinking out a plan'. This explains why the word is used specifically when someone creates a new recipe, a new training method, or a unique mechanical device.
Professional Usage
In the business world, you will hear this word during product development meetings. If an engineer creates a more efficient engine, they have 'kōan'ed it. If a marketing expert develops a completely new way to reach customers, that strategy was 'kōan'ed. It carries a heavy weight of originality and effort.

彼は新しい調理法を考案した。
(He devised a new cooking method.)

Example of creative output in a culinary context.

When you use kōan, you are highlighting the ingenuity involved. It is not just about stumbling upon an idea; it is about the deliberate application of one's intellect to solve a specific puzzle. For instance, the safety pin was a result of kōan—someone saw a need and thought through the mechanics to create a solution. In modern Japanese society, this word is frequently associated with patents (tokkyo) and intellectual property, as it defines the 'act of creation' that merits legal protection.

このロゴデザインは、若手デザイナーによって考案されました。
(This logo design was devised by a young designer.)

Furthermore, kōan is used extensively in the world of puzzles and games. A person who creates a new type of Sudoku or a complex escape room puzzle is the 'kōansha' (the deviser). This highlights the playful yet rigorous mental exercise the word implies. It is a word that respects the effort of the mind.

Comparison with Hatsumei (Invention)
While 'Hatsumei' (発明) is used for major inventions like the lightbulb or the airplane, kōan is broader. It covers methods, systems, and small improvements. You might 'kōan' a new way to fold shirts, but you wouldn't necessarily call it an 'invention' in the grand scientific sense.

独自の教育プログラムを考案して、生徒の成績を上げた。
(I devised an original educational program and improved student grades.)

Using 考案 correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. As a noun, it fits into patterns where an object is being described as a creation. As a suru-verb, it becomes the action of creating. Typically, the structure follows: [Person] + が + [Object/Idea] + を + 考案する. This clearly attributes the intellectual labor to a specific subject, making it a powerful word for giving credit where credit is due.

The Passive Construction
In formal reports or news articles, you will often see the passive form: [Object] + は + [Person] + によって + 考案された. This emphasizes the thing that was created rather than the person who created it. For example, 'This system was devised by our team.' This construction is common in academic papers and technical documentation.
The Modifying Form
You can use kōan to modify other nouns using the 'no' particle or the 'shita' (past tense) verb form. For example: 'Kōan-shita riron' (The theory that was devised) or 'Kōan no keii' (The background/process of the devising). This allows you to talk about the history of an idea.

この新しいアプリの仕組みは、大学生が考案したものです。
(The mechanism of this new app is something devised by a university student.)

In business contexts, kōan is often paired with words like 'atara-shii' (new) or 'dokuji-no' (original/unique). It is rarely used for standard or mundane thoughts. If you say you 'kōan'-ed a plan to go to the grocery store, it sounds like you invented a complex logistical system for buying milk. Therefore, reserve this word for moments of genuine problem-solving or creativity.

彼は効率的なデータの整理方法を考案し、チームに貢献した。
(He devised an efficient data organization method and contributed to the team.)

When discussing historical figures, kōan is the go-to word. 'Leonardo da Vinci devised many flying machines.' In Japanese: 'レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチは多くの飛行機械を考案した。' It bestows a sense of genius and intellectual rigor on the subject. It is also used in the world of fashion to describe a new cut or silhouette of clothing created by a designer.

Compound Words
You will often see 考案者 (kōansha), which means 'the deviser' or 'the originator'. This is frequently used in legal documents or in the credits of a game or television show segment.

この画期的な節水システムは、長年の研究の末に考案された。
(This revolutionary water-saving system was devised after years of research.)

You will encounter 考案 in a variety of high-engagement environments. One of the most common places is on Japanese TV variety shows, especially those that feature 'life hacks' (urawaza) or DIY projects. When a guest introduces a clever way to peel an orange or organize a tiny kitchen, the narrator will often say, 'This was kōan-ed by a housewife in Osaka!' This usage makes the word feel accessible yet impressive.

The Patent Office and Intellectual Property
In the legal and technical sphere, kōan is the standard term for 'utility models' (jitsuyō shin'an). While 'hatsumei' is for major inventions, 'kōan' is the technical term for the creative ideas behind smaller functional improvements. If you visit the Japanese Patent Office website, you will see this word everywhere.
Culinary Arts and Menus
High-end restaurants often feature dishes 'kōan'-ed by the head chef. You might see a menu description like 'Chef Tanaka's specially kōan-ed dessert.' This signals to the customer that the dish is unique and cannot be found anywhere else, adding a layer of exclusivity and craftsmanship.

特許庁に、新しいエンジンの仕組みを考案して届け出た。
(I devised a new engine mechanism and filed it with the Patent Office.)

In software development and UI/UX design, team members discuss the best way to 'kōan' a user flow or a specific feature. When a programmer finds an elegant way to solve a complex coding problem, their peers might praise the 'kōan' they came up with. It is a word of professional respect in the tech industry.

このパズルは、数学者が子供のために考案したものです。
(This puzzle was devised by a mathematician for children.)

Lastly, you will see it in educational materials. Textbooks might describe how a famous scientist 'kōan'-ed a specific experiment to prove a theory. It helps students understand that science is a creative process of 'thinking out' ways to test reality. In video games, the 'level design' is often referred to as being 'kōan'-ed by the developers, highlighting the intentionality behind every trap and treasure.

News Media
When a city implements a new recycling system or a new traffic management plan, the news will report it as a 'newly kōan-ed measure' (shinki ni kōan sareta saku). It sounds more official and well-thought-out than simply saying 'a new plan'.

彼は独自のトレーニング理論を考案し、オリンピックで金メダルを取った。
(He devised his own training theory and won a gold medal at the Olympics.)

While 考案 is a versatile word, learners often confuse it with other 'thinking' or 'creating' words. The most frequent error is using kōan for simple daily thoughts. If you say, 'I kōan-ed that I want to eat pizza,' it sounds very strange. Kōan requires a tangible output or a structured plan. You don't 'kōan' an opinion; you 'kōan' a solution.

Confusion with 'Hatsumei' (Invention)
Many students use 'Hatsumei' when they should use kōan. Hatsumei is reserved for groundbreaking scientific inventions (like the telephone). Kōan is for the 'idea' or 'method' behind it. You can kōan a new way to use an old invention. For example, you 'hatsumei' the smartphone, but you 'kōan' a specific app's interface.
Confusion with 'Keikaku' (Plan)
Keikaku is a schedule or a logistical plan (like a travel plan). Kōan is the creative design of the plan itself. If you are just listing times and places, use keikaku. If you are creating a revolutionary new way to travel efficiently, use kōan.

❌ 明日の昼ごはんを考案した。
✅ 新しいダイエットメニューを考案した。
(Correction: Don't use it for simple tasks; use it for creative efforts.)

Another mistake is using kōan for artistic creation like writing a poem or painting a picture. For those, 創作 (sōsaku) is more appropriate. Kōan has a strong connotation of functionality and logic. It is 'design' rather than 'pure art'. If you are designing a chair that is ergonomic, kōan works. If you are painting an abstract sunset, kōan sounds too clinical.

❌ 友達へのプレゼントを考案した。
✅ 友達を驚かせるためのサプライズ企画を考案した。
(Correction: A gift is an object; a surprise plan is a 'devised' scheme.)

Finally, watch out for the transitivity. Kōan is transitive, meaning it needs an object. You can't just say 'I kōan-ed.' You must say 'I kōan-ed something.' In formal writing, ensure you don't confuse it with 公安 (kōan), which is pronounced the same but means 'public security' or 'the secret police'. Context usually makes this clear, but in writing, the kanji are vital!

Summary of Misuse
1. Forgetting the object (it needs a 'wo').
2. Using it for simple thoughts.
3. Using it for pure art without functional design.
4. Confusing it with 'hatsumei' for major scientific breakthroughs.

To truly master 考案, you must see how it sits alongside its synonyms. Each has a slightly different 'flavor' of creativity. Choosing the right one will make your Japanese sound much more natural and precise.

発明 (Hatsumei) - Invention
Focuses on creating something that never existed before in the world. Usually physical or technological. Kōan is the mental process; Hatsumei is the grand result.
企画 (Kikaku) - Planning/Projecting
Focuses on the business or organizational aspect of an idea. You 'kikaku' an event or a marketing campaign. Kōan is more about the internal logic or mechanics of the idea itself.
案出 (Anshutsu) - Thinking up/Contriving
A very close synonym, but slightly more formal and literary. It emphasizes the 'coming out' of the idea from the mind. Kōan is more common in daily and professional speech.

新しいビジネスモデルを考案する。
(Devise a new business model - focus on the structure.)

新しいキャンペーンを企画する。
(Plan a new campaign - focus on the execution/event.)

If you are talking about designing something physical with an aesthetic focus, use 設計 (sekkei) for engineering/blueprints or デザイン (dezain) for visual appearance. Kōan is the 'brainwave' that leads to the design. For example, you kōan the idea of a folding table, then you sekkei the actual blueprint for it.

彼は独自のアルゴリズムを考案した。
(He devised a unique algorithm.)

For more casual settings, you can use 考え出す (kangaedasu), which literally means 'to start thinking out' or 'to come up with'. It is the everyday version of kōan. If you are talking to friends about a new game you made up, kangaedasu feels warmer and less robotic than kōan. However, in an interview or a presentation, kōan is much better as it shows professional competence.

Creative Synonyms
創出 (Sōshutsu): Creation of value or jobs. Very formal.
発案 (Hatsuan): Suggesting an idea. Focuses on the moment of suggestion rather than the detailed thinking process.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /kəʊ.æn/
US /koʊ.ɑːn/
The stress is even across both syllables in Japanese (Heiban pitch accent), though 'kō' is slightly longer.
Rima com
Go-an Show-an No-an Row-an So-an Toe-an Joe-an Mo-an
Erros comuns
  • Pronouncing it as 'ko-an' with a short 'o' (sounds like 'small plan').
  • Confusing it with 'kōen' (park).
  • Mixing it up with 'kōan' (public security) which has a different pitch in some dialects.
  • Thinking it's 'kon' (connection).
  • Over-stressing the second syllable 'an'.
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Exemplos por nível

1

新しいゲームを考案しました。

I devised a new game.

Uses 'kōan shimashita' for a simple creation.

2

このルールは先生が考案しました。

The teacher devised this rule.

Subject + ga + kōan shimashita.

3

面白いダンスを考案する。

To devise an interesting dance.

Present tense used for an ongoing or future action.

4

だれがこれを考案しましたか？

Who devised this?

Question form using 'dare ga'.

5

母は新しい料理を考案した。

My mother devised a new dish.

Plain past tense 'kōan shita'.

6

新しい遊びを考案しましょう。

Let's devise a new way to play.

Volitional form 'shimashō'.

7

この記号は私が考案しました。

I devised this symbol.

Focus on 'watashi ga' as the creator.

8

名前を考案する。

To devise (think up) a name.

Using 'kōan' for a creative naming process.

1

彼は便利な道具を考案した。

He devised a useful tool.

Adjective 'benri-na' modifying the object.

2

新しい勉強法を考案してください。

Please devise a new study method.

Request form 'kudasai'.

3

このデザインは彼女が考案したものです。

This design is something she devised.

Noun + mono desu (it is a thing that...).

4

チームで新しい作戦を考案した。

We devised a new strategy as a team.

'Team de' indicates the group action.

5

彼は独自のダイエット法を考案した。

He devised his own diet method.

'Dokuji-no' means unique or original.

6

もっといい方法を考案したいです。

I want to devise a better method.

Desire form 'tai desu'.

7

このアプリの仕組みを考案したのは誰ですか？

Who is the person who devised this app's mechanism?

Relative clause 'kōan shita no wa'.

8

彼は節約のためのアイデアを考案した。

He devised an idea for saving money.

'Setsuyaku no tame' (for the sake of saving).

1

そのエンジニアは画期的なエンジンを考案した。

That engineer devised a revolutionary engine.

'Kakkiteki' (revolutionary) is a common collocation.

2

このシステムは、効率を上げるために考案されました。

This system was devised to increase efficiency.

Passive voice 'kōan saremashita'.

3

彼は独自のトレーニング理論を考案したことで有名だ。

He is famous for having devised his own training theory.

'... koto de yūmei' (famous for...).

4

新しい広告のキャッチコピーを考案する。

To devise a catchphrase for a new advertisement.

Focus on creative marketing work.

5

そのパズルは数学者によって考案された。

That puzzle was devised by a mathematician.

Passive + 'ni yotte' (by someone).

6

彼は社内の連絡方法を考案し、改善した。

He devised a way to communicate within the company and improved it.

Two actions: kōan and kaizen (improve).

7

この節水方法は、砂漠の国で考案された。

This water-saving method was devised in a desert country.

Contextualizing the origin of the device.

8

独自の教育プログラムを考案し、実施する。

To devise and implement an original educational program.

Combining kōan with 'jisshi' (implement).

1

彼はその問題に対する独自の解決策を考案した。

He devised a unique solution to that problem.

'... ni taisuru' (towards/for).

2

この特許は、彼が考案した技術に基づいている。

This patent is based on the technology he devised.

'... ni motozuite iru' (based on).

3

新しい物流システムを考案し、コストを削減した。

He devised a new logistics system and reduced costs.

Professional business usage.

4

そのデザイナーは、新しい椅子の形状を考案した。

The designer devised a new shape for the chair.

Focus on functional design.

5

彼は、子供たちが楽しく学べるようなゲームを考案した。

He devised a game so that children can learn while having fun.

'... yō na' (such that/in a way that).

6

このアルゴリズムは、検索速度を上げるために考案された。

This algorithm was devised to increase search speed.

Technical/Scientific context.

7

彼女は、限られた予算内で最大の効果を出す方法を考案した。

She devised a way to get the maximum effect within a limited budget.

Strategic business usage.

8

新しい都市計画を考案するのは、非常に困難な作業だ。

Devising a new city plan is an extremely difficult task.

Gerund-like usage 'kōan suru no wa'.

1

彼は、社会問題を解決するための包括的な枠組みを考案した。

He devised a comprehensive framework to solve social issues.

'Hōkatsuteki-na wakugumi' (comprehensive framework).

2

この製品の核心となる技術は、長年の基礎研究を経て考案された。

The core technology of this product was devised after years of basic research.

'... wo hete' (through/after passing through).

3

彼は、従来の常識を覆すような新しい理論を考案した。

He devised a new theory that overturns conventional wisdom.

'Jōshiki wo kutsugaesu' (overturn common sense).

4

その建築家は、環境負荷を最小限に抑える構造を考案した。

The architect devised a structure that minimizes environmental impact.

'Kankyō fuka' (environmental load/impact).

5

この手法は、複雑なデータを視覚化するために考案されたものである。

This method is something devised to visualize complex data.

Formal explanatory tone '... mono de aru'.

6

彼は、多言語間の翻訳精度を高めるための新システムを考案した。

He devised a new system to enhance translation accuracy between multiple languages.

High-level technical context.

7

政府は、少子化対策として新しい助成金制度を考案した。

The government devised a new subsidy system as a measure against the declining birthrate.

Public policy context.

8

その哲学者は、人間の意識に関する独自の概念を考案した。

The philosopher devised a unique concept regarding human consciousness.

Abstract academic usage.

1

彼は、量子コンピュータの計算効率を飛躍的に向上させるアルゴリズムを考案した。

He devised an algorithm that dramatically improves the computational efficiency of quantum computers.

'Hiyakuteki ni' (dramatically/by leaps and bounds).

2

この法案は、現行法の不備を補完するために考案された一連の措置の一部である。

This bill is part of a series of measures devised to complement the deficiencies of current laws.

Complex legalistic sentence structure.

3

その芸術家は、テクノロジーと自然を融合させる新しい表現形式を考案した。

The artist devised a new form of expression that fuses technology and nature.

High-level artistic/conceptual usage.

4

彼は、企業の持続可能性を評価するための多角的な指標を考案した。

He devised multifaceted indicators for evaluating corporate sustainability.

'Takakuteki-na shihyō' (multifaceted indicators).

5

このプロジェクトの成否は、彼が考案した緻密な戦略にかかっている。

The success or failure of this project depends on the meticulous strategy he devised.

'Chimitsu-na' (meticulous/detailed).

6

彼は、言語の起源を説明するための大胆な仮説を考案した。

He devised a bold hypothesis to explain the origin of language.

'Daidan-na kasetsu' (bold hypothesis).

7

この新しい暗号化方式は、将来のサイバー攻撃に備えて考案された。

This new encryption method was devised in preparation for future cyber attacks.

'... ni sonaete' (in preparation for).

8

彼は、紛争地域における平和構築のための独自の対話モデルを考案した。

He devised a unique dialogue model for peacebuilding in conflict zones.

Global political/humanitarian context.

Colocações comuns

画期的な考案
独自に考案する
手法を考案する
考案を重ねる
仕組みを考案する
考案者を探す
新たに考案された
特許を考案する
対策を考案する
プログラムを考案する

Frases Comuns

考案の末に

— After much thinking and devising.

考案の末に、最高の答えが出た。

彼が考案したとされる

— It is said that he devised it.

これはレオナルドが考案したとされる。

独自考案

— One's own original invention/device.

この機械は私の独自考案です。

考案を凝らす

— To put a lot of ingenuity into something.

趣向を凝らし、考案を尽くした。

考案を練る

— To refine a devised plan.

さらに考案を練る必要がある。

新考案

— A new device or design.

新考案の便利グッズ。

考案の背景

— The background of why something was devised.

考案の背景を説明する。

共同考案

— Jointly devised/invented.

大学と企業の共同考案。

考案を公表する

— To announce a devised plan publicly.

新しいシステムを考案し、公表した。

考案の余地

— Room for further devising/improvement.

まだ考案の余地がある。

Expressões idiomáticas

"知恵を絞って考案する"

— To rack one's brains to devise something.

知恵を絞って、新しいゲームを考案した。

Neutral
"苦心の末の考案"

— A device/plan made after great effort and suffering.

これは彼の苦心の末の考案だ。

Formal
"趣向を凝らした考案"

— A device with a unique twist or flavor.

趣向を凝らした考案で客を喜ばせる。

Formal
"無から有を考案する"

— To devise something from nothing.

彼は無から有を考案する天才だ。

Literary
"時代に先駆けた考案"

— A device/plan ahead of its time.

それは時代に先駆けた考案だった。

Formal
"実用に供する考案"

— A device intended for practical use.

実用に供する考案を優先する。

Academic
"百戦錬磨の考案"

— A strategy devised through much experience.

百戦錬磨の将軍が考案した陣形。

Literary
"独創的な考案"

— A creative/original device.

彼の独創的な考案には驚かされる。

Neutral
"万人に受ける考案"

— A plan/device that appeals to everyone.

万人に受ける考案は難しい。

Neutral
"歴史に残る考案"

— A device/plan that will remain in history.

それは歴史に残る考案となった。

Formal
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