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B1 verb #2,500 mais comum 12 min de leitura

外す

hazusu
Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 外す em 30 segundos
Explicação 外す in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, the primary and most essential understanding of the Japanese verb hazusu revolves entirely around the simple, physical action of removing specific items from one's body. For learners just starting their Japanese journey, it is crucial to associate this verb with accessories and small wearable items rather than main clothing. You will learn to use hazusu when talking about taking off your glasses (megane o hazusu), removing a wristwatch (tokei o hazusu), or unfastening a necklace or a tie. This physical action is the foundational building block for all other meanings of the word. It is taught early on because describing daily routines, such as getting ready for bed or making oneself comfortable, requires this specific vocabulary. Beginners must practice the basic sentence structure, ensuring they always use the direct object particle 'o' (を) before the verb. For example, 'I take off my glasses' translates directly to 'Watashi wa megane o hazushimasu'. At this stage, the focus is purely on rote memorization of the verb in conjunction with common accessory vocabulary. Teachers will emphasize the difference between hazusu and nugu (to take off clothes like shirts and pants) to prevent early habituation of incorrect usage. Mastery at the A1 level simply means knowing that when you unclip, unbutton, or unhook something from your person, hazusu is the correct verb to employ. It is a highly practical word that immediately enhances a beginner's ability to describe their immediate physical reality and daily habits.
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As learners progress to the A2 elementary level, the scope of the verb hazusu expands significantly beyond just taking off accessories, introducing them to its crucial role in social and spatial contexts. The most important new concept introduced at this level is the phrase 'seki o hazusu', which means to temporarily step away from one's seat or desk. This phrase is an absolute cornerstone of basic Japanese business etiquette and polite social interaction. A2 learners are taught that if someone calls asking for a family member or a colleague who is currently in the restroom or briefly outside, they must say 'Ima, seki o hazushite imasu' (They are currently away from their seat). This usage introduces the concept of temporary absence and is vital for navigating basic phone conversations and office environments. Additionally, learners at this stage begin to encounter the verb in slightly more varied physical contexts, such as removing a poster from a wall or taking a lid off a container, though these are less common than the accessory usage. The focus at A2 is on expanding the verb's utility from personal grooming to basic social navigation. Students practice using the te-form of the verb (hazushite) to connect sentences or to express ongoing states, as seen in the 'seki o hazushite imasu' example. Understanding this spatial and social removal is a key step in sounding more natural and polite in everyday Japanese interactions.
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Reaching the B1 intermediate level marks a significant transition in the learner's understanding of hazusu, as the verb's metaphorical and abstract meanings are fully introduced and practiced. At this stage, learners move beyond physical removal and temporary absence to grasp the concept of 'missing a target'. This is a critical expansion of the vocabulary. B1 students learn to use hazusu in the context of sports, such as 'shuto o hazusu' (to miss a shot), or in general situations where an aim or goal is not met, like 'mato o hazusu' (to miss the mark). Furthermore, this concept of missing is applied to abstract ideas, such as predictions or expectations. If a weather forecast is incorrect, a B1 learner can confidently say 'yosou o hazushita' (the prediction missed). Another vital B1 usage is the idea of exclusion or removal from a group or a list. Students learn to say things like 'menba kara hazusu' (to remove someone from the members list) or 'keikaku kara hazusu' (to exclude from the plan). This level requires a solid grasp of context, as the learner must differentiate between physical unfastening, stepping away, and metaphorical missing or excluding based entirely on the surrounding nouns and the situation. The B1 level is where hazusu truly reveals its versatility, transforming from a simple action verb into a dynamic tool for expressing failure to connect, whether physically, socially, or conceptually.
At the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners are expected to wield the verb hazusu with a high degree of nuance and precision, incorporating it into complex sentence structures and understanding its subtle implications in various registers. B2 students encounter hazusu in more sophisticated idiomatic expressions and advanced business contexts. They learn phrases like 'kikai o hazusu' (to miss an opportunity, though less common than nogasu, it has a specific nuance of poor timing) or 'choushi o hazusu' (to fall out of rhythm or tune). A significant focus at this level is the mastery of the negative form used to indicate certainty or reliability. For example, saying 'kare no yosou wa hazusanai' means 'his predictions never miss' or 'he is always right'. This usage is common in reviews, recommendations, and professional assessments. Furthermore, B2 learners refine their understanding of the transitive/intransitive dynamic, perfectly distinguishing between hazusu (to actively remove/miss) and hazureru (to come off/to be missed naturally) without hesitation. They can comfortably read and understand news articles or literature where hazusu is used to describe political exclusions, corporate restructuring (removing someone from a board of directors), or complex social dynamics. The B2 learner uses hazusu not just to communicate basic facts, but to express subtle judgments about accuracy, inclusion, and reliability, demonstrating a deep, internalized comprehension of the verb's multifaceted nature.
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At the C1 advanced level, the usage of hazusu becomes highly sophisticated, deeply integrated into complex idiomatic language, and reflective of a near-native understanding of Japanese cultural and linguistic subtleties. C1 learners encounter and actively use hazusu in highly abstract and specialized contexts. They understand expressions like 'kiban o hazusu' (to remove the foundation/basis of something) or 'tagane o hazusu' (to let loose, to remove restraints - literally removing the wedge). At this level, the verb is frequently used in literary texts, opinion pieces, and high-level debates to discuss the dismantling of arguments, the exclusion of critical variables in a study, or the subtle shifting of social paradigms. C1 students are adept at using hazusu to describe the intentional avoidance of a topic or the deliberate missing of a point for rhetorical effect (e.g., 'wazato ronten o hazusu' - to intentionally miss the point of the argument). They also master the highly nuanced timing aspects of the verb, such as 'jikan o hazushite iku' (to intentionally go at a different time to avoid crowds or specific people). The C1 learner's command of hazusu is characterized by fluidity, accuracy, and the ability to deploy the word in creative or unconventional ways that still adhere to its core semantic principles of detachment and missing, demonstrating a profound mastery of the Japanese lexicon.
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At the C2 mastery level, the learner's comprehension and application of hazusu are indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. C2 users navigate the absolute extremes of the verb's semantic range, from the most archaic literary usages to the most modern, fleeting slang, with complete effortlessness. They intuitively understand how hazusu interacts with complex emotional states and subtle interpersonal dynamics, recognizing when the verb implies a gentle, polite removal versus a harsh, punitive exclusion. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, learners can deconstruct and analyze the etymological roots of the word and its historical evolution, understanding why it applies to both 'unfastening a button' and 'missing a philosophical truth'. They can flawlessly translate highly nuanced texts where hazusu carries multiple layers of meaning simultaneously, capturing the exact shade of detachment, failure, or avoidance intended by the original author. The C2 user employs hazusu not merely as a vocabulary item, but as a precise instrument of thought, capable of articulating the most intricate concepts of separation, error, and social maneuvering in flawless, elegant Japanese. Their usage is characterized by an instinctive grasp of collocation, rhythm, and register, ensuring that every instance of hazusu they produce is perfectly calibrated to its specific context.
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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

外す em 30 segundos

  • Remove accessories like glasses or watches.
  • Step away from your desk temporarily.
  • Miss a target, shot, or prediction.
  • Exclude someone from a group or list.
Understanding the multifaceted nature of the Japanese verb hazusu requires a deep and comprehensive dive into both its physical and abstract applications within the language. At its most basic and fundamental level, this verb signifies the action of removing, detaching, or unfastening something that is currently attached, worn, or secured in a specific place. When we consider the physical realm of human experience, this often translates to the removal of accessories or items of clothing that are not considered primary garments. For instance, one would use this verb when talking about taking off a pair of glasses, unfastening a wristwatch, removing a necklace, or undoing a button. It is crucial to differentiate this from other verbs of removal, such as nugu, which is strictly reserved for primary articles of clothing like shirts, pants, and shoes. The physical detachment implied by hazusu always carries a nuance of undoing a connection or a fastening mechanism. Moving beyond the strictly physical, the verb takes on a highly significant metaphorical meaning related to missing a target or failing to capture an opportunity. In the context of sports, for example, if a player takes a shot at the goal and misses, this verb perfectly encapsulates that failure to connect with the intended target. This concept of missing extends to expectations and predictions as well. If a weather forecast predicts rain but it turns out to be sunny, the forecast is said to have missed the mark, again utilizing this versatile verb. Furthermore, hazusu plays a critical role in social and professional dynamics, specifically in the context of removing oneself or someone else from a group, a list, or a physical location. In a bustling office environment, a common and essential phrase is seki o hazusu, which translates to stepping away from one's desk or seat temporarily. This phrase is indispensable for polite business communication, allowing one to convey absence without implying a permanent departure. Additionally, the verb can mean to exclude someone from a team or a project, highlighting its utility in describing social boundaries and organizational structures. The sheer breadth of meanings associated with hazusu makes it an indispensable tool for learners aiming for fluency, as it bridges the gap between simple physical actions and complex social or abstract concepts. By mastering the various nuances and contexts in which this verb operates, students of the Japanese language can significantly enhance their expressive capabilities and comprehend native speakers with much greater accuracy and nuance. The journey to fully grasping hazusu involves recognizing the underlying thread that connects all its uses: the concept of separation, whether it be a physical object from a body, a projectile from its target, a person from their seat, or an individual from a collective group. This core idea of detachment is the key to unlocking the full potential of the word and using it naturally in a wide array of situations.
Physical Removal
Taking off accessories like glasses or watches, emphasizing the unfastening aspect.
Missing Targets
Failing to hit a goal or mark, often used in sports or predictions.
Stepping Away
Temporarily leaving one's seat or position, crucial for office environments.

眼鏡を外す。

席を外す。

的を外す。

ボタンを外す。

メンバーから外す。

To effectively and accurately utilize the Japanese verb hazusu in everyday conversation and formal writing, one must deeply understand its grammatical properties, its common collocations, and the specific contexts in which it thrives. Grammatically speaking, hazusu is a transitive verb, which means it requires a direct object to complete its meaning. This direct object is typically marked by the particle 'o' (を). Therefore, the fundamental sentence structure will almost always follow the pattern of 'noun + o + hazusu'. For example, when you want to say 'I remove my glasses', you construct the sentence as 'megane o hazusu'. The noun 'megane' (glasses) is the direct object receiving the action of removal. It is essential to contrast this transitive verb with its intransitive counterpart, 'hazureru' (外れる), which means 'to come off' or 'to be disconnected' without a direct agent causing the action. If a button falls off your shirt on its own, you would use 'hazureru', but if you actively unbutton it yourself, you must use 'hazusu'. This distinction is a cornerstone of Japanese grammar and mastering it is crucial for sounding natural. Beyond basic physical removal, the usage of hazusu extends into various idiomatic and situational contexts. When using it to mean 'missing a target', the object is often a word like 'mato' (target) or 'shuto' (shot). Thus, 'mato o hazusu' translates to missing the mark. In professional settings, the phrase 'seki o hazusu' (to step away from one's seat) is an absolute necessity. When a colleague asks for someone who is temporarily away from their desk, the standard and polite response is 'Ima, seki o hazushite orimasu' (They are currently away from their desk). This demonstrates a high level of business etiquette and linguistic competence. Furthermore, hazusu can be used in the negative form 'hazusanai' to indicate something that is guaranteed or cannot be missed. For instance, 'kore wa hazusanai' implies that a particular choice or item is a sure thing or a guaranteed success. When discussing schedules or timing, 'jikan o hazusu' can mean to intentionally avoid a specific time, such as avoiding rush hour traffic. The versatility of this verb requires learners to pay close attention to the surrounding nouns and context. By practicing these various sentence patterns and internalizing the transitive nature of the verb, students can confidently incorporate hazusu into their active vocabulary, enriching their ability to describe physical actions, spatial relationships, and abstract concepts with precision and fluency. The key is consistent practice and exposure to native materials where these nuances are naturally displayed.
Transitive Nature
Always takes a direct object marked by the particle 'o'.
Intransitive Pair
Contrasts with 'hazureru', which means to come off naturally.
Business Usage
Essential for polite office communication when someone is away.

時計を外す。

ネクタイを外す。

シュートを外す。

予想を外す。

タイミングを外す。

The Japanese verb hazusu is ubiquitous across a wide spectrum of environments, making it a highly practical and frequently encountered word in daily life, professional settings, and media. One of the most common places you will hear this verb is in the typical Japanese office or corporate environment. Business Japanese relies heavily on specific set phrases, and 'seki o hazusu' is arguably one of the most vital. When you call a company and the person you wish to speak with is in the restroom, getting coffee, or briefly attending to another matter, the receptionist or colleague will almost certainly inform you that they have 'stepped away from their seat' using this exact verb. This usage is so ingrained in Japanese business culture that failing to understand it can lead to significant communication breakdowns. Moving away from the office and into the realm of sports and entertainment, hazusu is equally prevalent. Whether you are watching a soccer match, a baseball game, or a basketball tournament on Japanese television, sports commentators frequently use this verb to describe a missed opportunity. When a striker kicks the ball wide of the goalpost, the announcer will exclaim that they 'missed the shot' (shuto o hazushita). This conveys the physical reality of the projectile failing to connect with its intended target. In everyday domestic life, you will hear hazusu used in the context of personal grooming and dressing. A mother might tell her child to take off their watch before taking a bath, or a person might narrate their evening routine by mentioning that they take off their contact lenses or glasses before going to sleep. Furthermore, in social situations, the verb is used to describe exclusion or removal from a group. If friends are planning a trip and someone cannot make it, they might ask to be 'removed from the group chat' or 'taken off the list of attendees'. In weather forecasts, meteorologists might apologize if their previous day's prediction 'missed the mark' (yosou o hazusu). Even in casual conversation, when someone makes a joke that fails to land or says something inappropriate for the mood, they are said to have 'missed the atmosphere' or 'missed the point'. The sheer variety of contexts in which hazusu appears—from the highly formal and structured world of corporate Japan to the dynamic and fast-paced environment of live sports, down to the intimate and mundane routines of daily life—demonstrates its critical importance. Learners who pay attention to these diverse environments will quickly realize that mastering this single verb unlocks a vast amount of conversational potential and cultural understanding.
Office Settings
Used constantly to indicate someone is temporarily away from their desk.
Sports Broadcasts
Frequently heard when an athlete misses a shot or target.
Daily Routines
Commonly used when discussing taking off glasses or accessories.

彼は今、席を外しております。

惜しい！シュートを外した！

寝る前にコンタクトを外す。

リストから名前を外す。

天気予報が外れた。（Intransitive example for context）

When learning the Japanese verb hazusu, students frequently encounter several linguistic pitfalls and common mistakes that stem from direct translation and a misunderstanding of the verb's specific semantic boundaries. The most prevalent and arguably the most significant error is confusing hazusu with other verbs of removal, particularly 'nugu' (脱ぐ) and 'toru' (取る). Because English often uses the single phrasal verb 'take off' for a wide variety of actions, English speakers tend to overapply one Japanese verb to all situations. It is absolutely critical to remember that 'nugu' is exclusively reserved for items of clothing that you wear on your main body, such as shirts, sweaters, pants, socks, and shoes. You cannot use hazusu to say 'take off a shirt'. Conversely, you cannot use 'nugu' to say 'take off a watch'. Hazusu is specifically for accessories, things that are fastened, clasped, or hooked onto the body or clothing, such as glasses, necklaces, ties, belts, and earrings. Another common mistake involves the confusion between the transitive verb hazusu and its intransitive counterpart, hazureru. Learners often use the transitive form when they should use the intransitive, or vice versa. For example, if a button falls off a shirt by itself, saying 'botan o hazushita' implies that someone actively and intentionally unbuttoned or removed it. The correct phrase for a button coming off naturally is 'botan ga hazureta'. This distinction between state and action is a fundamental aspect of Japanese grammar that requires careful attention. Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the metaphorical uses of hazusu. When trying to express that they missed a train or a bus, some might incorrectly attempt to use hazusu, translating 'miss' directly. However, missing a mode of transportation requires the verb 'norokureru' (乗り遅れる) or 'nogasu' (逃す). Hazusu is used for missing a physical target, like a dartboard, or an abstract target, like a prediction or a guess. Additionally, in business contexts, learners might incorrectly use 'iku' (to go) or 'inai' (to not be present) when a colleague is temporarily away from their desk, missing the opportunity to use the much more natural and professional 'seki o hazushite imasu'. Overcoming these common mistakes requires a conscious effort to categorize vocabulary not just by English translation, but by the specific physical actions and cultural contexts they represent in Japanese. By actively practicing the distinctions between nugu, toru, and hazusu, and by paying close attention to transitive and intransitive pairs, learners can significantly refine their Japanese and avoid these frequent errors.
Confusing with Nugu
Using hazusu for shirts or pants instead of accessories.
Transitive vs Intransitive
Using the active hazusu when the passive hazureru is needed.
Wrong 'Miss'
Using hazusu for missing a train instead of norokureru.

❌ シャツを外す。 ➔ ⭕ シャツを脱ぐ。

❌ ボタンが外す。 ➔ ⭕ ボタンが外れる。

❌ 電車を外す。 ➔ ⭕ 電車に乗り遅れる。

⭕ 眼鏡を外す。

⭕ 席を外す。

To fully appreciate the precise meaning and appropriate usage of the Japanese verb hazusu, it is highly beneficial to examine it in relation to several similar words that share overlapping semantic territory. The most prominent of these related verbs is 'toru' (取る), which is a highly versatile and generic verb meaning 'to take', 'to get', or 'to remove'. While you can sometimes use 'toru' interchangeably with hazusu when referring to removing accessories (e.g., 'megane o toru' is acceptable and understood), hazusu carries a much more specific nuance of undoing a fastening, unhooking, or detaching something that was specifically secured. 'Toru' is broader and simply implies taking something away from its current position. Another crucial word to compare is 'nugu' (脱ぐ), which, as previously discussed, means 'to take off' but is strictly limited to primary clothing items like shirts, trousers, and shoes. Understanding the clear boundary between the accessories of hazusu and the garments of nugu is essential. When dealing with the metaphorical meaning of 'missing', hazusu must be distinguished from 'nogasu' (逃す) and 'ushinau' (失う). 'Nogasu' specifically means to miss an opportunity, to let something slip away, or to fail to catch something, such as missing a chance to speak or letting a fish escape. 'Ushinau' means to lose something entirely, such as losing a physical object, losing one's life, or losing trust. Hazusu, in the context of missing, is strictly about failing to hit a specific target or failing to make an accurate prediction. Furthermore, when hazusu is used to mean 'to exclude' or 'to remove from a group', it shares similarities with 'nozoku' (除く) and 'jogai suru' (除外する). 'Nozoku' means to exclude, remove, or omit, and is often used in a more formal or mathematical sense, like excluding a variable or omitting a paragraph. 'Jogai suru' is a formal, Sino-Japanese compound verb meaning to make an exception of or to exclude from consideration. Hazusu in this context is slightly more colloquial and implies physically or administratively taking someone off a list or out of a lineup. By carefully studying these similar words and understanding their subtle differences in nuance, formality, and specific application, learners can develop a much more sophisticated and precise Japanese vocabulary, allowing them to choose the exact right word for any given situation.
Toru (取る)
A broader verb for taking or removing, lacking the 'unfastening' nuance.
Nugu (脱ぐ)
Strictly for taking off primary clothing, not accessories.
Nogasu (逃す)
Used for missing opportunities or letting things escape, not targets.

眼鏡を取る。（Acceptable alternative）

チャンスを逃す。（Missing an opportunity）

リストから除く。（Formal exclusion）

靴を脱ぐ。（Taking off shoes）

的を外す。（Missing a physical target）

How Formal Is It?

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Transitive vs Intransitive verbs (hazusu vs hazureru)

Te-form for current state (hazushite imasu)

Negative form for certainty (hazusanai)

Passive form for exclusion (hazusareru)

Noun modification (hazushita yosou)

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Exemplos por nível

1

めがねを外します。

I take off my glasses.

Noun + o + hazusu (Direct object particle).

2

時計を外してください。

Please take off your watch.

Te-form + kudasai for a polite request.

3

寝る前に、コンタクトを外す。

I take off my contacts before sleeping.

Dictionary form used for habitual action.

4

ネクタイを外しました。

I took off my tie.

Past tense polite form (mashita).

5

イヤホンを外して。

Take off your earphones.

Casual request using te-form.

6

マスクを外してもいいですか。

May I take off my mask?

Te-form + mo ii desu ka (asking permission).

7

指輪を外すのを忘れました。

I forgot to take off my ring.

Verb dictionary form + no (nominalization).

8

ボタンを外します。

I unbutton it.

Basic polite form.

1

田中さんは今、席を外しています。

Mr. Tanaka is currently away from his desk.

Te-form + imasu indicating current state.

2

少し席を外してもいいですか。

May I step away from my seat for a moment?

Polite request for temporary absence.

3

彼はすぐに席を外した。

He immediately left his seat.

Past tense plain form.

4

カバーを外して洗います。

I remove the cover and wash it.

Te-form used to connect sequential actions.

5

自転車の鍵を外す。

I unlock (remove the lock from) the bicycle.

Using hazusu for undoing a lock mechanism.

6

ポスターを壁から外しました。

I took the poster off the wall.

Noun + kara (from) + hazusu.

7

席を外さないでください。

Please do not leave your seat.

Nai-form + de kudasai (negative request).

8

キャップを外して飲む。

Take off the cap and drink.

Sequential action with te-form.

1

シュートを外して、試合に負けた。

We missed the shot and lost the game.

Metaphorical use: missing a target.

2

天気予報が大きく外れた。

The weather forecast missed by a lot.

Intransitive pair 'hazureru' used for predictions.

3

彼をチームのメンバーから外す。

We will remove him from the team members.

Using hazusu for exclusion from a group.

4

的を外さないように気をつけて。

Be careful not to miss the target.

Nai-form + you ni (in order not to).

5

予想を外してしまった。

I completely missed the prediction.

Te-form + shimatta indicating regret/completion.

6

このリストから私の名前を外してください。

Please remove my name from this list.

Formal request for removal.

7

タイミングを外して、言えなかった。

I missed the timing and couldn't say it.

Missing an abstract concept (timing).

8

彼は大事なところでいつも外す。

He always misses at the important moments.

Habitual action in abstract context.

1

このレストランは絶対に外さない。

This restaurant never misses (is always good).

Negative form used to guarantee quality.

2

わざと論点を外して話している。

He is intentionally missing the point of the argument.

Wazato (intentionally) + abstract object.

3

ピークの時間を外して買い物に行く。

I go shopping avoiding the peak hours.

Using hazusu to mean 'avoiding a specific time'.

4

彼をプロジェクトの責任者から外す決定が下された。

The decision was made to remove him as the project leader.

Passive structure surrounding the verb.

5

期待を外さない素晴らしい演技だった。

It was a wonderful performance that did not miss expectations.

Modifying a noun phrase with the negative form.

6

ストライクゾーンを外して投げる。

To throw a pitch outside the strike zone.

Technical sports usage.

7

ギアを外す。

To disengage the gear.

Mechanical detachment.

8

常識から外れた行動だ。

It is behavior that deviates from common sense.

Intransitive 'hazureta' modifying a noun.

1

経営陣から彼を外すという人事異動が発表された。

A personnel change was announced removing him from the management team.

High-level business/administrative vocabulary.

2

この映画は、観客の予想を心地よく外してくれる。

This movie pleasantly subverts (misses) the audience's expectations.

Te-kureru indicating a positive action done for the speaker.

3

タガを外して大騒ぎする。

To let loose (remove the wedge) and make a huge racket.

Advanced idiomatic expression (taga o hazusu).

4

意図的に文脈を外して引用するのはアンフェアだ。

Quoting out of context intentionally is unfair.

Abstract academic/rhetorical usage.

5

彼は決して的を外さない鋭い指摘をする。

He makes sharp points that never miss the mark.

Metaphorical precision.

6

安全装置を外す。

To disengage the safety mechanism.

Technical/industrial context.

7

枠組みから外して考える必要がある。

We need to think outside the framework.

Conceptual removal/thinking outside the box.

8

彼の発言は完全にピントを外している。

His remarks are completely missing the focus.

Idiomatic phrase (pinto o hazusu).

1

長年の呪縛から自らを外すことができた。

I was able to free (remove) myself from a long-standing curse/spell.

Highly literary and psychological usage.

2

その法案は、適用対象から特定企業を外すという姑息な手段をとった。

The bill employed the underhanded tactic of excluding specific companies from its scope of application.

Legal and political discourse.

3

彼は世間の耳目を外して、ひっそりと暮らしている。

He lives quietly, avoiding the public eye (removing public attention).

Poetic/literary expression.

4

定石を外した彼の一手は、盤上を大いに混乱させた。

His move, which deviated from standard tactics, threw the board into great confusion.

Strategic/game theory context.

5

自己の固定観念のタガを外さねば、真の理解は得られない。

Unless one removes the restraints of their own fixed ideas, true understanding cannot be attained.

Philosophical/introspective usage.

6

その作家は、読者の倫理観のストッパーを巧みに外す。

That author skillfully removes the stopper on the reader's sense of ethics.

Literary critique.

7

機先を制し、相手の出鼻を外す。

To take the initiative and thwart (miss) the opponent's initial attack.

Martial arts/tactical idiom.

8

この期に及んで梯子を外されるとは夢にも思わなかった。

I never dreamed I would have the ladder pulled out from under me at this late stage.

Advanced idiom (hashigo o hazusu - to betray/abandon).

Colocações comuns

眼鏡を外す
席を外す
的を外す
ボタンを外す
メンバーから外す
シュートを外す
予想を外す
タイミングを外す
時計を外す
ネクタイを外す

Frases Comuns

席を外しております
的を外す
予想が外れる
タガが外れる
ピントを外す
タイミングを外す
ストライクゾーンを外す
メンバーから外される
期待を外さない
時間を外して

Frequentemente confundido com

外す vs 脱ぐ (nugu - to take off clothes)

外す vs 取る (toru - to take/remove generally)

外す vs 逃す (nogasu - to miss an opportunity)

Expressões idiomáticas

"タガを外す"
"梯子を外される"
"ピントを外す"
"機を外す"
"調子を外す"
"目線を外す"
"的を外す"
"常識を外れる"
"枠を外す"
"羽目を外す"

Fácil de confundir

外す vs

外す vs

外す vs

外す vs

外す vs

Padrões de frases

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Como usar

nuance

Carries a strong sense of unfastening or failing to connect.

formality

Can be used in all levels of formality depending on conjugation.

frequency

Extremely high frequency in both spoken and written Japanese.

Erros comuns
  • Saying 'shatsu o hazusu' instead of 'shatsu o nugu'.
  • Saying 'densha o hazusu' instead of 'densha ni noriokureru'.
  • Using 'hazusu' when a button falls off naturally (should be hazureru).
  • Saying 'kare wa inai' on a business call instead of 'seki o hazushite imasu'.
  • Confusing the kanji reading with 'soto' in compound words.

Dicas

Transitive Rule

Always pair hazusu with the direct object particle 'o' (を). It requires an actor performing the action. If there is no actor, use hazureru.

Accessories Only

Mentally group hazusu with glasses, watches, ties, and belts. Group nugu with shirts, pants, and shoes. This prevents the most common mistake.

The Golden Office Phrase

Memorize 'seki o hazushite orimasu'. It is the ultimate polite way to say a coworker is in the bathroom without actually saying it.

Missing the Goal

When watching Japanese sports, listen for 'hazushita!'. It's the standard exclamation for a missed shot or penalty kick.

Guaranteed Success

Use 'zettai ni hazusanai' to impress friends when recommending a movie or restaurant. It makes you sound very fluent and confident.

Weather Forecasts

Pay attention to the weather news. If they apologize for yesterday's rain, they will likely say the prediction 'hazureta' (intransitive).

Excluding Items

When writing a list or an essay, use 'A o B kara hazusu' to clearly state that A is being excluded or removed from category B.

Polite Requests

Use 'hazushite mo ii desu ka' when asking to take off a mask or a jacket in a formal setting. It shows excellent manners.

Physical vs Abstract

Remember that the core meaning is 'detachment'. You detach a watch from your wrist, and you detach a prediction from reality (missing).

Group Dynamics

Being 'hazusareru' (passive) from a group is a strong social concept in Japan. It carries the heavy nuance of being deliberately excluded.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine you HAS TO (hazusu) take off your glasses to see the target you MISSED.

Origem da palavra

Contexto cultural

Do not use hazusu when taking off your shoes at a Japanese entrance; you must use nugu.

Highly polite when used in business as 'seki o hazushite orimasu'.

Standard across Japan, though intonation may vary slightly in Kansai.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"寝る前、いつも時計を外しますか？"

"会社で「席を外しています」と電話で言ったことがありますか？"

"最近、天気予報が外れたことはありますか？"

"スポーツでシュートを外した時、どう思いますか？"

"グループから外された経験はありますか？"

Temas para diário

Write about your daily routine of taking off accessories using hazusu.

Describe a time you missed a target or an opportunity.

Explain how to politely say someone is away from their desk in Japanese.

Write about a movie or book that 'did not miss' your expectations.

Describe the difference between hazusu and nugu in your own words.

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

No, you cannot. Shoes are considered primary clothing items in Japanese grammar. You must use the verb 'nugu' (脱ぐ) for taking off shoes, socks, pants, and shirts. Hazusu is strictly for accessories like glasses, watches, and jewelry.

Hazusu is the transitive verb, meaning someone actively removes or misses something (e.g., I unbuttoned the shirt). Hazureru is the intransitive verb, meaning something comes off or misses on its own (e.g., The button came off). Always use the particle 'o' with hazusu and 'ga' with hazureru.

You do not use hazusu for missing transportation. Hazusu is for missing physical targets (like a dart) or abstract targets (like a prediction). To say you missed a train, you must use 'norokureru' (乗り遅れる), which literally means to be late for riding.

While it is most famous as a business phrase, it can be used in any formal or semi-formal situation where you need to politely excuse yourself or explain someone's temporary absence from a specific spot, like at a dinner party or a classroom.

It can mean to remove someone from a specific project, team, or role (e.g., member kara hazusu). However, it does not strictly mean 'to terminate employment' (which would be kubi ni suru). It's more about exclusion from a specific group or list.

This is a colloquial use of the negative form. It literally means 'this will not miss'. It implies that the food or restaurant is a guaranteed success, a sure thing, and will definitely meet your expectations. It's a strong recommendation.

Yes, absolutely. A face mask is considered an accessory that is hooked or fastened onto the ears. Therefore, 'masuku o hazusu' is the perfectly correct and natural way to say 'take off a mask'.

This is an idiom. A 'taga' is a hoop or wedge that holds a wooden barrel together. To 'remove the taga' means to lose one's restraints, to let loose, or to go wild, often used when people drink too much and lose their inhibitions.

It is pronounced with a 'Heiban' (flat) pitch accent. You start low on the 'ha', and then the pitch rises and stays flat for 'zu' and 'su'. It sounds like ha-ZU-SU. Do not stress the first syllable.

Yes, in modern contexts, hazusu is often used for digital unfastening. For example, 'rinku o hazusu' (remove a link) or 'akounto no renkei o hazusu' (unlink an account) are very common and natural uses of the word.

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