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A2 noun Neutro #3,000 mais comum 2 min de leitura

토의

tui [ˈto̞ːi]
Pratique

Overview

The Korean word '토의' (pronounced 'to-ui') is a versatile noun that encompasses the concepts of discussion, deliberation, and debate. It refers to the act of engaging in a conversation or exchange of ideas about a specific topic, often with the goal of reaching a consensus, making a decision, or simply understanding different perspectives.

At its core, '토의' implies a structured and purposeful interaction. It's not just casual chat, but rather a focused exchange where participants contribute their thoughts, arguments, and information. This can happen in various settings, from formal meetings and academic seminars to informal group discussions among friends or colleagues.

Key characteristics of '토의' include:

  • Topic-centric: There is always a particular subject matter that the discussion revolves around. This focus helps to guide the conversation and prevents it from straying.
  • Exchange of ideas: Participants are expected to share their opinions, knowledge, and insights. This can involve presenting arguments, asking questions, and responding to others' points.
  • Collaborative or confrontational: Depending on the context, '토의' can be collaborative, aiming for mutual understanding and agreement, or it can be more confrontational, involving opposing viewpoints and debate. However, even in a debate, the underlying purpose is often to explore the topic thoroughly.
  • Problem-solving or decision-making: Frequently, '토의' is undertaken to solve a problem, brainstorm solutions, or make a collective decision. For example, a team might engage in '토의' to decide on the best strategy for a new project.
  • Understanding and learning: Even without a specific decision to be made, '토의' can be valuable for expanding participants' understanding of a topic and learning from diverse perspectives.

In terms of usage, '토의하다' (to-ui-ha-da) is the verb form, meaning 'to discuss' or 'to deliberate.' You might hear phrases like '주제에 대해 토의하다' (ju-je-e dae-hae to-ui-ha-da), meaning 'to discuss about a topic,' or '열띤 토의가 있었다' (yeol-ttin to-ui-ga i-sseot-da), meaning 'there was a heated discussion.'

Understanding '토의' is crucial for anyone engaging in collaborative or communicative activities in Korean. It highlights the importance of open communication and the exchange of ideas in various social and professional contexts.

Exemplos

1

우리는 그 문제에 대해 토의할 필요가 있다.

회의나 논의 상황

We need to discuss that issue.

2

이번 주말에는 친구들과 영화에 대해 토의할 예정이다.

친목 모임

This weekend, I'm going to discuss a movie with my friends.

3

교수님께서 학생들에게 자유로운 토의를 권장하셨다.

학급 또는 세미나

The professor encouraged students to have a free discussion.

4

저녁 식사 후에 우리는 정치에 대해 열띤 토의를 벌였다.

사적인 모임

After dinner, we had a heated debate about politics.

5

새로운 프로젝트에 대한 토의가 길어졌다.

업무 회의

The discussion about the new project was prolonged.

Colocações comuns

토의하다
심층 토의
공개 토의
열띤 토의

Frequentemente confundido com

토의 vs 논의
While both '토의' (to-ui) and '논의' (non-ui) involve discussion, '토의' emphasizes a free exchange of ideas to find a solution or make a decision, often in a collaborative setting. '논의' can be broader, referring to any discussion or debate, and might sometimes imply a more formal or even contentious argument where different viewpoints are presented and debated, not necessarily aiming for immediate consensus.
토의 vs 의논
'의논' (ui-non) is very similar to '토의' in that it means to discuss or consult together. However, '의논' often implies a more intimate or private discussion between a smaller number of people, perhaps seeking advice or making a personal decision. '토의' tends to suggest a more open and often group-oriented discussion.
토의 vs 대화
'대화' (dae-hwa) simply means 'conversation.' It's a general term for people talking to each other, which can be about any topic and doesn't necessarily have a specific goal like problem-solving or decision-making. '토의' is a specific type of conversation with a clear purpose of discussing a particular topic in depth to reach an understanding or conclusion.
토의 vs 토론
'토론' (to-ron) means 'debate.' While '토의' involves discussion to reach a shared understanding or solution, '토론' typically involves presenting differing viewpoints and arguing for one's own position, often with the goal of persuading others or winning an argument. It can be more competitive than '토의'.

Padrões gramaticais

~에 대해 토의하다 (to-ui-ha-da): To discuss about ~ ~을 토의하다 (to-ui-ha-da): To discuss ~ 토의 결과 (to-ui gyeol-gwa): The result of the discussion

Como usar

Notas de uso

'토의' is commonly used in phrases like '회의 토의' (hoe-ui to-ui - meeting discussion) or '문제 토의' (mun-je to-ui - problem discussion). It implies a more in-depth and perhaps serious conversation about a specific topic. It can be used when individuals or groups are actively engaged in exploring different viewpoints, analyzing information, and proposing solutions. For instance, '우리는 그 문제에 대해 토의해야 합니다' (Urineun geu mun-je-e daehae to-ui-haeya hamnida - We need to discuss that problem) suggests a need for a thorough discussion. While similar to '대화' (dae-hwa - conversation), '토의' specifically highlights the element of deliberation and focused exchange on a particular subject, often with a clear objective in mind. It's less about general chitchat and more about constructive engagement.

Erros comuns

A common mistake might be confusing '토의' (discussion/debate) with similar-sounding words or words related to speaking. For example, '회의' (hoe-ui) means a general 'meeting' or 'conference', which can include discussion but is a broader term for the gathering itself. '대화' (dae-hwa) means 'conversation' and is typically more informal and less structured than '토의'. '논의' (non-ui) is very close in meaning, also referring to 'discussion' or 'deliberation', often used interchangeably with '토의', but '토의' can sometimes imply a slightly more formal or structured debate. The key is that '토의' specifically emphasizes the exchange of opinions and arguments about a particular topic, aiming for understanding or a conclusion.

Dicas

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Practical Usage

'토의' (to-ui) refers to a discussion or a deliberation. It's often used in formal or semi-formal settings, such as meetings, academic conferences, or group projects, where people exchange ideas, opinions, and perspectives on a specific topic. The goal of '토의' is typically to reach a common understanding, make a decision, or find a solution through collective input. It emphasizes a back-and-forth exchange rather than a simple presentation of information.
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Common Mistakes & Nuances

While '토의' can be translated as 'discussion,' it carries a slightly more formal and structured connotation than a casual chat. It implies a degree of seriousness and purpose in the exchange. Don't confuse it with '대화' (dae-hwa), which is a more general term for 'conversation,' or '논쟁' (non-jaeng), which implies a more heated argument or debate. '토의' aims for constructive exchange, whereas '논쟁' can often be confrontational.
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Advanced Application

In a professional context, you might hear phrases like '주제에 대한 토의를 시작하겠습니다' (ju-je-e dae-han to-ui-reul si-jak-ha-get-seup-ni-da), meaning 'Let's begin the discussion on this topic.' Or, '심층 토의' (sim-cheung to-ui) refers to an 'in-depth discussion.' When participating in a '토의,' it's expected to present your points logically, listen actively to others, and be open to different viewpoints, contributing to a collaborative environment. It's a crucial skill for effective teamwork and problem-solving.

Origem da palavra

The Korean word '토의' (to-ui) originates from Sino-Korean roots, combining two Chinese characters: '토' (討) meaning 'to discuss, to deliberate, to investigate' and '의' (議) meaning 'to discuss, to deliberate, to debate, to consult'. The character '討' (tǎo in Mandarin Chinese) itself has a rich history, tracing back to ancient Chinese oracle bone and bronze inscriptions. Its original meaning was related to 'to punish, to chastise,' often implying a discussion or deliberation before meting out punishment or engaging in a punitive expedition. Over time, its meaning evolved to encompass the broader sense of 'to investigate' or 'to discuss' in order to reach a conclusion or decision. The character '議' (yì in Mandarin Chinese) also has ancient origins, appearing in early Chinese texts. It consistently refers to the act of discussion, deliberation, or proposing an idea for consideration. It often implies a formal or structured conversation aimed at reaching a consensus or making a decision. When these two characters were combined into '토의' in Korean, they collectively formed a term specifically denoting a conversation or debate about a particular topic, emphasizing the process of deliberation and discussion to explore different viewpoints and potentially arrive at a resolution or understanding. The combination strengthens the idea of a thorough and considered exchange of ideas. This Sino-Korean compound reflects a common pattern in the development of the Korean lexicon, where abstract concepts and intellectual activities are often expressed through combinations of Chinese characters that convey nuanced meanings. The adoption and integration of such terms from Chinese into Korean began centuries ago and continues to influence the language's formal and academic vocabulary. Therefore, '토의' is a testament to the historical linguistic and cultural exchanges between Korea and China, embodying the concept of intellectual discourse through its very etymological roots.

Contexto cultural

The Korean word '토의' (to-ui) refers to a discussion or debate, often with the aim of reaching a consensus or making a decision. It carries a connotation of a more structured and purposeful exchange of ideas compared to a casual chat. In Korean culture, '토의' often takes place in formal settings like business meetings, academic seminars, or governmental discussions. The emphasis is typically on logical reasoning, respectful argumentation, and collaborative problem-solving. While passionate debate can occur, there's often an underlying expectation of maintaining harmony and respect among participants. The outcome of a '토의' can range from a definitive resolution to a deeper understanding of differing perspectives.

Dica de memorização

The word '토의' (to-ui) sounds a bit like 'toy' if you say it quickly. Imagine discussing or debating which 'toy' is the best. Or, think of 'to' (토) as 'to' and '의' (의) as 'E' for 'explanation' or 'exchange' of ideas.

Perguntas frequentes

4 perguntas
'토의' (toe-ui) in Korean refers to a conversation or debate about a particular topic. It's a collaborative process where individuals exchange ideas, discuss different perspectives, and explore various aspects of a subject. The goal is often to reach a shared understanding, a consensus, or to make a decision after thoroughly examining the issue at hand. It emphasizes a structured and thoughtful exchange, rather than a casual chat, focusing on the merits and implications of different viewpoints.
Certainly! '토의' would be used in many contexts. For instance, imagine a team of colleagues at work discussing the best marketing strategy for a new product. They would '토의' various approaches, considering their pros and cons, potential risks, and expected outcomes. Similarly, a group of students might '토의' a complex topic in class, sharing their research and interpretations to gain a deeper understanding. It's about collective exploration and analysis to achieve a common goal.
Yes, '토의' is generally more formal and structured than a simple chat or a casual discussion. While both involve exchanging words, '토의' implies a more focused and purposeful interaction aimed at dissecting a specific topic. A chat might be spontaneous and cover many subjects, whereas '토의' is typically geared towards a clear objective, often involving critical thinking, analysis, and the presentation of reasoned arguments to reach a conclusion or deeper understanding.
The closest English equivalents for '토의' are 'discussion,' 'debate,' or 'deliberation.' While 'discussion' is a broad term, 'debate' often implies a more argumentative exchange, and 'deliberation' suggests careful consideration before a decision. '토의' often encompasses aspects of all three, leaning towards a structured and thorough exploration of a topic with the aim of understanding, problem-solving, or decision-making through the exchange of diverse viewpoints.

Teste-se

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우리는 중요한 ________ 주제에 대해 이야기를 나눴습니다.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
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그들은 밤늦게까지 격렬한 ________를 벌였습니다.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:
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팀원들은 프로젝트의 진행 상황에 대한 ________를 가졌습니다.

Correto! Quase. Resposta certa:

Pontuação: /3

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