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A2 verb #2,200 mais comum 11 min de leitura

닫히다

dathida Top 2,200

At the A1 level, you should focus on the most basic physical meaning of '닫히다'. Think of it as the opposite of '열리다' (to be opened). You will mostly use it to talk about doors and windows in simple sentences. The most important thing to remember is the pronunciation [다치다] and that you use the subject marker '-이/가' with the thing that is closing. For example, '문이 닫혀요' (The door closes). You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just focus on identifying the word when you hear it in public places like the subway or elevators. It is a 'passive' verb, which means the door is doing the action itself or the action is just happening to it. If you want to say YOU closed the door, you use a different word: '닫다'. But if you just want to say 'The door is closing,' use '닫히다'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use '닫히다' in more varied contexts and with slightly more complex grammar. You should be able to conjugate it into the past tense ('닫혔어요') and the future tense ('닫힐 거예요'). You will also start using adverbs to describe how something closes, such as '저절로 닫혀요' (it closes by itself) or '세게 닫혔어요' (it closed hard). This is also the level where you should distinguish between the action ('닫히고 있어요' - is closing) and the state ('닫혀 있어요' - is closed). You will hear this word often in announcements and should be able to follow instructions like '문이 닫힐 때 조심하세요' (Be careful when the doors close). Understanding the '-히-' suffix as a passive marker is a key grammatical goal at this stage.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '닫히다' in metaphorical and abstract contexts. You might describe someone's personality as '닫혀 있다' (closed off) or talk about a '닫힌 사회' (a closed society). You will also use the verb in more complex sentence structures, such as '문이 닫히는 소리를 들었어요' (I heard the sound of the door closing) or '창문이 닫히지 않게 고정해 주세요' (Please fix the window so it doesn't close). You should also be able to compare '닫히다' with similar verbs like '잠기다' (to be locked) or '막히다' (to be blocked) and choose the correct one based on the nuance of the situation. Your pronunciation should be natural, correctly merging the 'ㄷ' and 'ㅎ' sounds.

At the B2 level, you use '닫히다' with a high degree of precision. you can use it to describe subtle changes in atmosphere or social dynamics. For example, '시장 장벽이 닫히고 있다' (Market barriers are closing/rising). You are familiar with idiomatic expressions and can use the verb in formal writing and debates. You understand the nuances of different passive constructions and why '닫히다' is chosen over other forms in specific literary or journalistic contexts. You can also handle complex honorifics and formal endings seamlessly, even when the subject is an inanimate object being personified. Your ability to use '닫히다' metaphorically to describe psychological states or systemic issues is well-developed.

At the C1 level, '닫히다' becomes a tool for sophisticated expression. You use it in academic papers, literature, and professional settings to describe complex phenomena. You might discuss '닫힌 계층 구조' (a closed class structure) or the '닫힌계' (closed system) in a scientific context. You are sensitive to the rhythmic and stylistic effects of using passive verbs in prose. You can explain the historical development of the word and its relationship to other roots. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, and you can catch subtle puns or double meanings involving the word in poetry or high-level wordplay. You understand how '닫히다' functions within the broader system of Korean transitivity and passivity.

At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of '닫히다' and all its nuances. You can use it to create specific tones in creative writing, from the clinical to the highly emotional. You are aware of archaic or dialectal variations and can use the word in any register, from the most casual slang to the most formal legal or diplomatic language. You can analyze the use of '닫히다' in classical literature and compare it with modern usage. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a flexible element of your linguistic repertoire that you can manipulate to express the finest shades of meaning, whether describing the physical closing of a microscopic valve or the metaphorical closing of a civilization's golden age.

Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

닫히다 em 30 segundos

닫히다 is the passive form of 닫다, meaning 'to be closed' or 'to shut'.
It is used with the subject marker -이/가 (e.g., 문이 닫히다).
The pronunciation is [다치다], merging the 'd' and 'h' sounds.
It can be used literally (doors) or metaphorically (hearts, opportunities).

The Korean verb 닫히다 is a fundamental passive verb that every learner must master to describe the world around them accurately. At its core, it means 'to be closed' or 'to shut.' Unlike its active counterpart 닫다 (to close), which requires an agent—someone or something doing the closing—닫히다 focuses on the state of the object itself or the action happening to it. This distinction is vital in Korean grammar, as it dictates the particles you use and the nuance of the sentence. When you use 닫히다, the door, window, or lid is the subject of the sentence, typically marked with -이/가.

Grammatical Category: Passive Verb (피동사)
Active Form: 닫다 (To close something)

In everyday life, you will encounter this word in numerous contexts. For instance, when you are on the Seoul subway, you will frequently hear the announcement warning that the doors are closing. In this case, the focus is not on the conductor closing the doors, but on the doors themselves performing the action of shutting. This passive construction is preferred in Korean when the action is automatic or when the person performing the action is not the focus of the statement.

지하철 문이 닫힙니다. (The subway doors are closing.)

Beyond physical objects, 닫히다 also carries significant metaphorical weight. It can describe a person's heart closing off to others, a business shutting down permanently, or a path to success being blocked. This versatility makes it a high-frequency word that bridges the gap between basic physical descriptions and complex emotional expressions. For an A2 learner, understanding that 'the door is closed' (state) vs 'the door is closing' (action) vs 'I closed the door' (active) is the key to natural-sounding Korean.

바람 때문에 창문이 저절로 닫혔어요. (The window closed by itself because of the wind.)

Physical Usage: Doors, windows, lids, eyes, drawers.
Abstract Usage: Minds, hearts, opportunities, markets, systems.

The word is composed of the root '닫-' (from 닫다) and the passive suffix '-히-'. This is a common pattern in Korean (e.g., 읽다 to 읽히다, 잡다 to 잡히다). By learning the logic behind 닫히다, you are actually learning a broader rule of Korean morphology that will help you decipher hundreds of other verbs. Whether you are describing a shop that has closed for the night or a book that was shut quickly, this verb provides the necessary passive perspective.

그의 마음은 굳게 닫혀 있었다. (His heart was firmly closed.)

Finally, it is important to note the pronunciation. Due to the 'h' sound in '-히-', the preceding 'd' sound in '닫' undergoes a transformation. It is pronounced as [다치다] (dachida). This phonetic change is a result of the 'd' and 'h' combining to form a 'ch' sound (aspiration). Mastering the pronunciation is just as important as understanding the meaning, as it ensures you are understood by native speakers in real-time conversations.

서랍이 잘 안 닫혀요. (The drawer doesn't close well.)

문이 닫히는 소리가 들렸다. (I heard the sound of the door closing.)

Key Takeaway: Use '닫히다' when the door is the subject doing the closing or being closed by an external force.

Using 닫히다 correctly involves understanding both its conjugation and its relationship with other words in a sentence. Since it is a passive verb, the most critical rule is the choice of particles. You should almost always use the subject markers -이 or -가 with the object that is being closed. For example, 'The door closes' is 문이 닫혀요. Using the object marker -을/를 here would be grammatically incorrect because 닫히다 does not take a direct object.

Conjugation: Present Tense: 닫혀요 (Polite), 닫힌다 (Plain), 닫힙니다 (Formal)
Conjugation: Past Tense: 닫혔어요 (Polite), 닫혔다 (Plain), 닫혔습니다 (Formal)

One of the most common ways to use 닫히다 is in the form -어 있다, which describes a continuing state. 문이 닫혀 있어요 means 'The door is (in the state of being) closed.' This is different from 문이 닫혀요, which describes the action of the door closing at that moment. As an A2 learner, distinguishing between the action and the state is a major milestone in your language journey.

가게 문이 이미 닫혀 있었어요. (The shop door was already closed.)

Another important usage is with adverbs that describe how something closes. Words like 저절로 (by itself), 갑자기 (suddenly), or 꽉 (tightly) are frequently paired with 닫히다. For example, 'The door closed suddenly' would be 문이 갑자기 닫혔어요. This helps provide more detail to your descriptions and makes your Korean sound more natural and expressive.

가방이 너무 꽉 차서 안 닫혀요. (The bag is too full, so it won't close.)

Common Adverbs: 저절로 (automatically), 세게 (hard/strongly), 부드럽게 (smoothly)

In more advanced contexts, 닫히다 is used in causative or complex sentence structures. For example, 'I saw the door closing' would be 문이 닫히는 것을 봤어요. Here, the verb is turned into a noun phrase using -는 것. This allows you to talk about the event of closing as a subject or object of another verb. Understanding these patterns is essential for moving from simple sentences to more complex communication.

엘리베이터 문이 닫힐 때 손을 대지 마세요. (Do not put your hands on the elevator doors when they are closing.)

Lastly, consider the honorifics. While the verb itself doesn't change much, the endings do. In formal settings, you will use 닫힙니다 or 닫혔습니다. In casual settings with friends, you might use 닫혀 or 닫혔어. However, since the subject is usually an inanimate object like a door, you rarely need to use the subject honorific -시- (e.g., 닫히시다 is very rare unless personifying the object in literature).

창문이 잘 안 닫히니까 조심하세요. (The window doesn't close well, so please be careful.)

굳게 닫힌 성문 앞에는 병사들이 있었다. (Soldiers stood in front of the firmly closed castle gate.)

Sentence Pattern: [Subject] + 이/가 + [Adverb] + 닫히다

You will hear 닫히다 in a variety of real-world scenarios in Korea, ranging from public transportation to social interactions. One of the most iconic places is the Korean subway system. As the train prepares to depart, a recorded voice announces, '문이 닫힙니다. 출입문 닫힙니다.' (The doors are closing. The entrance doors are closing.) This is perhaps the most frequent exposure a foreigner will have to the formal present tense of the verb. It serves as a constant reminder of the passive voice in action.

Public Transport: Subway door announcements, elevator warnings, bus door sounds.
Retail & Business: Shop closing times, mall announcements, bank shutters.

In a shopping mall or a department store, you might hear announcements regarding the closing of certain sections or the entire building. For example, '잠시 후 정문이 닫힐 예정이오니...' (The main gate is scheduled to close shortly, so...). Here, the future-intent form -을 예정이다 is combined with 닫히다 to inform customers of upcoming changes. This usage is polite and formal, typical of service industry language.

출입문이 닫힐 때는 무리하게 타지 마세요. (Do not try to board forcibly when the doors are closing.)

In dramas and movies, 닫히다 is often used in more emotional or dramatic contexts. You might hear a character say, '그녀의 마음이 닫혔어' (Her heart has closed), indicating a breakdown in a relationship or a loss of trust. Or in a thriller, a character might whisper, '문이 저절로 닫혔어' (The door closed by itself), to build suspense. These contexts help you understand the metaphorical breadth of the word beyond its literal meaning.

마음의 문이 닫히면 다시 열기 힘들어요. (Once the door to the heart closes, it's hard to open it again.)

Daily Life: Wind blowing a door shut, a car trunk closing, a laptop lid shutting.
News & Media: Reports on borders closing, markets shutting down, or diplomatic channels being cut off.

Another place you'll hear it is in repair shops or when dealing with faulty equipment. If you take a broken laptop to a service center, you might explain, '화면이 잘 안 닫혀요' (The screen doesn't close well). Or if a door is stuck, a technician might say, '문이 꽉 닫혀서 안 열리네요' (The door is closed so tight it won't open). These practical, problem-solving situations are where your A2 vocabulary truly becomes useful.

바람에 문이 쾅 하고 닫혔어요. (The door closed with a bang due to the wind.)

Finally, in literature and poetry, 닫히다 is used to describe the ending of an era or the closing of a chapter in life. Phrases like '닫힌 사회' (a closed society) or '닫힌 결말' (a closed ending) are common in academic and critical discussions. While these are more advanced, hearing them in news reports or reading them in essays will help you see how a simple A2 verb can scale up to C2-level complexity.

그 사건 이후로 그의 입은 굳게 닫혔다. (After that incident, his mouth was firmly shut.)

눈이 스르르 닫혔다. (My eyes closed gently [as I fell asleep].)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 닫히다 is confusing it with its active form, 닫다. This confusion usually manifests in two ways: using the wrong particle or using the wrong verb for the intended meaning. For example, saying 문을 닫혔어요 is incorrect because -을 is an object marker, but 닫히다 is a passive verb that takes a subject. The correct sentence is 문이 닫혔어요.

Mistake 1: Wrong Particle: Incorrect: 문을 닫혔어요. | Correct: 문이 닫혔어요.
Mistake 2: Confusing Active/Passive: Incorrect: 내가 문이 닫혔어요. (I closed the door.) | Correct: 내가 문을 닫았어요.

Another common error involves the state versus the action. Many learners use 닫히다 when they actually mean 'is closed' (state). While 문이 닫혀요 means 'the door is closing,' if you want to say 'the door is currently closed,' you should use 문이 닫혀 있어요. Using the simple present tense to describe a state is a nuance that takes time to master but is essential for sounding like a native speaker.

창문이 닫혀 있어서 시원해요. (It's cool because the window is closed.)

Pronunciation is another area where mistakes occur. Because of the spelling 닫-히-다, some learners try to pronounce the 'h' sound distinctly. However, in standard Korean, the 'd' (ㄷ) and 'h' (ㅎ) merge to become 'ch' (ㅊ). If you pronounce it as [dad-hi-da], it will sound unnatural and might be hard for Koreans to understand. Always remember the pronunciation is [다치다].

손이 문에 닫히지 않게 조심하세요. (Be careful not to let your hand get caught as the door closes.)

Mistake 3: Overusing Passive: Don't use 닫히다 when you are the one who deliberately closed something. Use 닫다.

Learners also struggle with the negative forms. To say 'it doesn't close,' you can say 안 닫혀요 or 닫히지 않아요. Some learners mistakenly use 못 닫아요, which means 'I cannot close it' (active). If the reason the door won't close is because it's broken or jammed, 안 닫혀요 is the more appropriate choice as it describes the object's failure to shut.

지퍼가 고장 나서 안 닫혀요. (The zipper is broken, so it won't close.)

Finally, be careful with metaphorical uses. While you can say 마음이 닫히다 (heart closes), you wouldn't typically say 생각이 닫히다 to mean 'I stopped thinking.' Metaphorical uses are specific and often idiomatic. Stick to the common ones like hearts, minds, and doors until you become more familiar with the nuances of Korean figurative language.

기회가 닫히기 전에 신청하세요. (Apply before the opportunity closes.)

상점들이 하나둘씩 닫히고 있다. (The shops are closing one by one.)

To truly master 닫히다, it's helpful to compare it with other words that share similar meanings or contexts. The most obvious comparison is with 닫다, but there are others like 잠기다, 꺼지다, and 막히다. Each of these has a specific nuance that differentiates it from the simple act of being closed.

닫히다 vs. 잠기다: 닫히다 means 'to be closed,' while 잠기다 means 'to be locked.' A door can be closed but not locked.
닫히다 vs. 꺼지다: 닫히다 is for physical objects like doors; 꺼지다 is for lights or electronic devices being turned off.

잠기다 is the passive form of 잠그다 (to lock). In many situations, these two are used together. For example, 'The door is closed and locked' would be 문이 닫히고 잠겼어요. If you only say 닫혔어요, it implies the door is shut but someone might still be able to push it open. If you say 잠겼어요, it means the bolt is engaged.

문이 닫혀 있지만 잠기지는 않았어요. (The door is closed but not locked.)

Another interesting comparison is with 막히다 (to be blocked/clogged). While 닫히다 refers to a deliberate opening being shut (like a door), 막히다 refers to a passage or flow being obstructed. You would use 막히다 for a blocked nose, a traffic jam, or a clogged pipe. However, metaphorically, they can overlap, such as when a 'path' is either 닫히다 (closed off) or 막히다 (blocked).

길이 꽉 막혀서 늦었어요. (I'm late because the road was completely blocked/congested.)

닫히다 vs. 멈추다: 닫히다 is about the physical closure; 멈추다 is about the cessation of movement or an activity.

In the context of businesses, 닫히다 is often used interchangeably with 문을 닫다 (to close the door/business). However, 폐업하다 (to go out of business) is the more formal and specific term for a permanent closure. If a shop is just closed for the day, you would say 문이 닫혔어요. If it's gone forever, 가게가 망했어요 (the shop failed) or 폐업했어요 is more common.

그 식당은 일요일마다 문이 닫혀요. (That restaurant is closed every Sunday.)

Finally, consider 끊기다 (to be cut off). This is used for connections, like phone calls or relationships. While a 'heart closing' (마음이 닫히다) describes an internal state, a 'connection being cut' (연락이 끊기다) describes the external result. Understanding these subtle differences will help you choose the exact right word for any situation, elevating your Korean from functional to nuanced.

대화의 통로가 완전히 닫혀 버렸다. (The channel of conversation has been completely closed off.)

창문이 닫히는 소리에 잠이 깼다. (I woke up to the sound of the window closing.)

How Formal Is It?

Formal

Informal

Nível de dificuldade

Gramática essencial

Exemplos por nível

문이 닫혀요.

The door closes.

Present tense, polite ending.

창문이 닫혔어요.

The window closed.

Past tense, polite ending.

엘리베이터 문이 닫힙니다.

The elevator doors are closing.

Formal present tense.

가방이 안 닫혀요.

The bag won't close.

Negative form '안'.

눈이 닫혀요.

My eyes are closing.

Literal use for eyes.

서랍이 닫혔어요?

Is the drawer closed?

Question form.

문이 저절로 닫혀요.

The door closes by itself.

Use of adverb '저절로'.

책이 닫혔어요.

The book closed.

Simple past tense.

문이 닫혀 있어서 못 들어갔어요.

I couldn't go in because the door was closed.

-어 있다 (state) + -아서 (reason).

바람 때문에 창문이 세게 닫혔어요.

The window closed hard because of the wind.

Adverb '세게' (hard/strongly).

손이 닫히는 문에 끼지 않게 조심하세요.

Be careful not to get your hand caught in the closing door.

-는 (noun-modifying) + -지 않게 (so that... not).

가게 문이 몇 시에 닫혀요?

What time does the shop close?

Interrogative with time.

지퍼가 고장 나서 잘 안 닫혀요.

The zipper is broken, so it doesn't close well.

Adverb '잘 안' (not well).

문이 닫히는 소리가 들려요.

I hear the sound of the door closing.

-는 소리 (the sound of ...ing).

냉장고 문이 제대로 안 닫혔어요.

The refrigerator door didn't close properly.

Adverb '제대로' (properly).

박스가 꽉 닫히지 않아요.

The box doesn't close tightly.

-지 않다 (long negation).

그녀는 마음이 굳게 닫혀 있는 것 같아요.

It seems like her heart is firmly closed.

Metaphorical use; -는 것 같다 (it seems).

비가 오니까 창문이 닫혔는지 확인해 봐.

Check if the windows are closed since it's raining.

-었는지 확인하다 (check if...).

갑자기 문이 쾅 하고 닫혀서 깜짝 놀랐어요.

I was startled because the door suddenly closed with a bang.

Onomatopoeia '쾅' (bang).

취업의 문이 점점 닫히고 있다는 소식이 들려요.

I hear news that the door to employment is gradually closing.

Abstract use; -고 있다 (progressive).

입구 문이 자동으로 닫히니까 밀지 마세요.

The entrance door closes automatically, so don't push it.

Adverb '자동으로' (automatically).

서랍이 꽉 닫히지 않아서 물건이 삐져나왔어요.

The drawer didn't close tightly, so things are sticking out.

Resultative construction.

대화의 창구가 닫히면 갈등을 해결하기 어려워요.

If the window for dialogue closes, it's hard to resolve conflicts.

Metaphorical 'window for dialogue'.

이미 닫힌 문을 두드려 봐야 소용없어요.

It's no use knocking on a door that's already closed.

Proverbial/idiomatic usage.

경제가 어려워지면서 많은 상점의 문이 닫히고 있습니다.

As the economy gets tougher, the doors of many shops are closing.

Social/Economic context.

그의 입은 마치 자물쇠로 잠긴 듯 굳게 닫혀 있었다.

His mouth was firmly shut as if locked with a padlock.

Simile '-ㄴ 듯' (as if).

한번 닫힌 마음을 다시 여는 데는 많은 시간이 필요하다.

It takes a lot of time to reopen a heart that has once closed.

-는 데 (in the process of/for doing...).

창문이 닫히는 찰나에 나비 한 마리가 들어왔다.

A butterfly flew in at the very moment the window was closing.

Noun '찰나' (moment/instant).

외부 세계와 단절된 채 닫힌 사회로 남아서는 안 된다.

We must not remain a closed society, cut off from the outside world.

-ㄴ 채 (in the state of).

시스템 오류로 인해 모든 출입구가 자동으로 닫혔다.

All exits closed automatically due to a system error.

-로 인해 (due to).

굳게 닫힌 성문 너머로 적군의 함성이 들려왔다.

Beyond the firmly closed castle gates, the cries of the enemy were heard.

Literary setting.

그녀의 눈꺼풀이 무겁게 닫히며 깊은 잠에 빠져들었다.

Her eyelids closed heavily as she fell into a deep sleep.

Descriptive/Literary style.

정보의 비대칭성으로 인해 소통의 통로가 닫히는 현상이 발생한다.

The phenomenon of communication channels closing occurs due to information asymmetry.

Academic/Sociological context.

그 소설의 결말은 독자의 상상력에 맡겨진 채 닫히지 않았다.

The ending of the novel was not closed, left instead to the reader's imagination.

Literary criticism; 'closed ending'.

전통적인 가치관에 닫혀 있는 태도는 변화하는 시대에 걸림돌이 된다.

An attitude closed off by traditional values becomes a hindrance in a changing era.

Philosophical/Critical tone.

철문이 닫히는 육중한 소리가 지하 감옥에 울려 퍼졌다.

The heavy sound of the iron door closing echoed through the dungeon.

Evocative vocabulary ('육중한', '울려 퍼지다').

시장의 문이 닫히기 전에 선제적인 조치를 취해야 한다.

Preemptive measures must be taken before the market doors close.

Business/Policy context.

그의 침묵은 닫힌 마음의 표현이라기보다 깊은 성찰의 결과였다.

His silence was a result of deep reflection rather than an expression of a closed mind.

-라기보다 (rather than).

과거의 영광에만 닫혀 살다 보면 미래를 내다볼 수 없게 된다.

If you live closed off in past glory, you become unable to look into the future.

Condition/Result structure.

국경이 닫히면서 수많은 난민들이 갈 곳을 잃고 방황하고 있다.

As borders close, numerous refugees are wandering with nowhere to go.

Global issues/Journalistic.

존재의 심연으로 향하는 문이 닫히자 비로소 고독의 참의미를 깨달았다.

Only when the door to the abyss of existence closed did I realize the true meaning of solitude.

Existential/Philosophical.

역사의 수레바퀴 아래에서 닫힌 시대의 유물들이 하나둘씩 발굴되었다.

Under the wheels of history, relics of a closed era were excavated one by one.

Metaphorical 'closed era'.

그의 문체는 닫힌 구조 속에서도 무한한 확장성을 내포하고 있다.

His writing style contains infinite scalability even within a closed structure.

Literary analysis.

진실을 향한 눈이 닫히는 순간, 권력의 횡포는 시작된다.

The moment the eyes toward truth are closed, the tyranny of power begins.

Political/Ethical statement.

닫힌계 내에서의 엔트로피 증가는 피할 수 없는 물리적 법칙이다.

The increase of entropy within a closed system is an unavoidable physical law.

Scientific/Thermodynamic context.

편견에 닫힌 시선은 타자의 고통을 외면하게 만드는 장벽이 된다.

A gaze closed by prejudice becomes a barrier that makes one turn away from the suffering of others.

Moral/Sociological discourse.

황혼이 깃들며 대지의 숨구멍들이 하나둘 닫히는 고요한 시간이다.

It is a quiet time when the pores of the earth close one by one as twilight settles.

Poetic/Personified description.

언어의 한계가 곧 세계의 한계라면, 닫힌 언어는 닫힌 세계를 의미한다.

If the limits of language are the limits of the world, then a closed language means a closed world.

Philosophical logic (Wittgensteinian).

Colocações comuns

문이 닫히다

창문이 닫히다

마음이 닫히다

굳게 닫히다

저절로 닫히다

꽉 닫히다

입이 닫히다

서랍이 닫히다

눈이 닫히다

기회가 닫히다

Frases Comuns

문이 닫힙니다

마음의 문이 닫히다

굳게 닫힌 문

잘 안 닫혀요

저절로 닫혔어요

출입문이 닫힙니다

눈꺼풀이 닫히다

상점 문이 닫히다

지갑이 닫히다

길이 닫히다

Frequentemente confundido com

닫히다 vs 닫다 (active form)

닫히다 vs 다치다 (to get hurt - same pronunciation)

닫히다 vs 덮이다 (to be covered)

Expressões idiomáticas

Fácil de confundir

닫히다 vs

Padrões de frases

Como usar

metaphor

Commonly used for hearts and opportunities.

particle usage

Never use -을/를 with 닫히다.

state vs action

닫히다 is the action; 닫혀 있다 is the state.

Erros comuns

Using the object marker -을/를 with 닫히다.
Pronouncing it as [dad-hi-da] instead of [da-chi-da].
Confusing 닫히다 (passive) with 닫다 (active).
Using 닫히다 to describe a light being turned off (use 꺼지다).
Using the simple present '닫혀요' to describe a door that is already closed (use 닫혀 있어요).

Dicas

Particle Choice

Always use -이/가 with 닫히다. If you find yourself wanting to use -을/를, you probably need the verb 닫다 instead.

The 'CH' Sound

Remember that 닫히다 sounds exactly like 다치다 (to get hurt). Context is the only way to tell them apart in speech.

State vs. Action

Use 닫혀 있어요 to describe a door that is already closed. Use 닫혀요 to describe the door in the process of closing.

Subway Practice

Next time you're on a Korean subway, listen for '문이 닫힙니다'. It's the perfect real-world example of this verb.

Passive Suffixes

Learning 닫히다 helps you understand the '-히-' passive suffix, which you'll see in other words like 잡히다 (to be caught).

Emotional Korean

Use 마음이 닫히다 to describe someone who is hard to get to know. It's a very common and natural expression.

Descriptive Adverbs

Pair 닫히다 with adverbs like 쾅 (bang), 스르르 (gently), or 꽉 (tightly) to make your writing more vivid.

No Imperatives

You cannot tell a door '닫혀라!' (Be closed!). Use the active command '문을 닫아라!' (Close the door!) instead.

Aspiration

The 'h' in 닫히다 causes aspiration of the 'd'. This is a key feature of Korean phonology you should master.

Politeness

Using passive forms like 닫힙니다 often sounds more objective and less aggressive than active forms in public settings.

Memorize

Origem da palavra

Native Korean

Contexto cultural

Subway announcements always use the formal '닫힙니다'.

A 'closed' person is often seen as '답답하다' (stuffy/frustrating).

It is considered polite to hold the door so it doesn't close on the person behind you.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Iniciadores de conversa

"문이 왜 안 닫히죠?"

"지하철 문이 닫혔어요?"

"가게 문이 벌써 닫혔나요?"

"창문이 저절로 닫혔는데 보셨어요?"

"마음이 닫힌 사람과 어떻게 대화해요?"

Temas para diário

오늘 문이 닫혀서 못 간 곳이 있나요?

누군가에게 마음이 닫혔던 적이 있나요?

바람에 문이 쾅 닫혔을 때 기분이 어땠나요?

지하철에서 '문이 닫힙니다' 소리를 들으면 무슨 생각이 드나요?

내 인생에서 어떤 기회의 문이 닫혔다고 느끼나요?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

닫다 is active (I close the door), while 닫히다 is passive (The door closes). Use 닫다 with -을/를 and 닫히다 with -이/가.

It is pronounced [다치다] (dachida). The 'd' and 'h' merge into a 'ch' sound.

Yes, '가게 문이 닫혔어요' means the shop is closed. For permanent closure, '폐업하다' is more specific.

Yes, '눈이 닫히다' can be used, though '눈을 감다' (active) is more common when you do it intentionally.

It focuses on the doors closing as an automatic event, which is a common way to announce things politely in Korean.

No, that is grammatically incorrect. You must say 문이 닫혔어요.

It means someone has become emotionally closed off or stopped trusting others.

Yes, it conjugates regularly, but its pronunciation is the main thing to watch out for.

You can say '문이 안 닫혀요'.

You can use it for the physical lid (노트북이 닫히다), but for the power, use '꺼지다'.