A1 noun 中性 2分钟阅读

metro

/ˈmɛtro/
开始练习 笔记与提示

Overview

The word 'metro' in Czech refers to an underground railway system, commonly known as a subway or metro in English-speaking countries. It is a neuter noun, which means its grammatical gender is neuter, affecting its declension patterns.

Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic, is well-known for its efficient and extensive metro system, making 'metro' a frequently used word in daily conversation, especially for residents and tourists navigating the city.

Declension: As a neuter noun, 'metro' follows specific declension rules. In the singular, the nominative and accusative forms are both 'metro'. The genitive is 'metra', the dative and locative are 'metru', and the instrumental is 'metrem'.

In the plural, the nominative and accusative forms are 'metra'. The genitive is 'metr', the dative is 'metrům', the locative is 'metrech', and the instrumental is 'metry'. Understanding these declension patterns is crucial for correct usage in sentences. For example, you might say 'Jedu metrem' (I am going by metro – instrumental case) or 'Čekám na metro' (I am waiting for the metro – accusative case).

Usage examples:

  • 'Pražské metro je velmi efektivní.' (The Prague metro is very efficient.)
  • 'Kde je nejbližší stanice metra?' (Where is the nearest metro station?)
  • 'Koupil jsem si lístek na metro.' (I bought a metro ticket.)

Synonyms: While 'metro' is the most common term, 'podzemní dráha' (underground railway) can also be used, though it is less frequent in everyday speech. 'Tramvaj' (tram) and 'autobus' (bus) refer to different modes of public transport.

例句

1

Pojedeme metrem.

transport

Let's go by subway.

2

Stanice metra je blízko.

transport, location

The subway station is close.

3

Pražské metro je efektivní.

cities, transport

Prague's subway is efficient.

4

Koupil jsem si lístek na metro.

travel, purchasing

I bought a subway ticket.

5

V metru bývá hodně lidí.

transport, crowds

There are often many people on the subway.

常见搭配

stanice metra
linka metra
vstup do metra
jezdit metrem

如何使用

When using 'metro' in Czech, it's a neuter noun. The word itself is quite straightforward and universally understood to mean the subway or underground train system. There's no particular formality associated with its use; it's suitable in all contexts, from casual conversations to formal announcements. You might hear it used in conjunction with other words like 'stanice metra' (metro station) or 'linka metra' (metro line). Unlike some English-speaking countries where 'subway' or 'underground' might be used interchangeably, 'metro' is the standard and almost exclusive term in Czech for this type of transport. It's pronounced with the stress on the first syllable, similar to its English pronunciation. When giving directions or discussing travel, simply saying 'metrem' (by metro) is a common and concise way to indicate the mode of transport.

常见错误

One common mistake for English speakers learning Czech is to confuse 'metro' (subway/underground train) with 'tramvaj' (tram/streetcar). While both are forms of public transport, they operate differently and are distinct. Another mistake might be mispronouncing the 'r', which in Czech is a rolled 'ř' sound, though in 'metro' it's a simple 'r' as in English. Also, some learners might mistakenly try to pluralize it like English nouns, but in Czech, it follows different declension rules, though 'metro' itself is indeclinable in this sense when referring to the system. Lastly, forgetting that 'metro' is a neuter noun in Czech and doesn't take articles in the same way English does, can lead to incorrect sentence structures. It's often used with prepositions like 'v metru' (in the subway) or 'jet metrem' (to go by subway).

小贴士

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Usage Note

In Czech, 'metro' is a neuter noun and is declined like 'město' (city). It is commonly used in singular form.

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Common Mistake

Do not confuse 'metro' with 'tramvaj' (tram) or 'autobus' (bus). They are different forms of public transport.

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Related Vocabulary

nádraží (station), vlak (train), nástupiště (platform), jízdenka (ticket), doprava (transport)

词源

The Czech word 'metro' for subway or underground train is a direct borrowing from the French word 'métro,' which is a shortened form of 'métropolitain.' The term 'métropolitain' itself originates from the Greek words 'metra' (meaning 'mother') and 'polis' (meaning 'city'), literally translating to 'metropolitan' or 'of the mother city.' This etymology reflects the historical development of underground railways, which were initially conceived to serve large, 'mother' cities. The first underground railway, the Metropolitan Railway in London, opened in 1863, and its name, 'Metropolitan,' became synonymous with this new mode of transport. As other cities around the world developed their own underground systems, they often adopted variations of this term. The French 'métro' became particularly influential, spreading to many other languages, including Czech, where it was adopted to describe their own underground transport system, the Prague Metro, which began construction in the late 1960s and opened its first line in 1974. The simplicity and directness of 'metro' made it a convenient and universally understood term for this essential urban infrastructure.

文化背景

The metro in the Czech Republic, specifically the Prague Metro, holds significant cultural importance as it's not just a mode of transport but an integral part of daily life and the city's identity. Opened in 1974, it was a symbol of modernization during the socialist era, and its distinctive stations, many adorned with art and unique architectural elements, are often considered public works of art. The metro is deeply ingrained in the local psyche, with common phrases and cultural references tied to its operation and specific stations. It represents efficiency and reliability, a stark contrast to some other aspects of public infrastructure in the past, and it continues to be a point of national pride. For many, it's their primary means of commuting, connecting distant neighborhoods and fostering a sense of community across the city.

记忆技巧

Think of 'metro' as a 'metropolitan' train, which goes underground in big cities.

常见问题

4 个问题

'Metro' in Czech refers to the subway or underground train system. It's a common and efficient mode of public transportation, especially in larger cities like Prague. The Prague Metro, for instance, is a vital part of the city's infrastructure, moving millions of passengers annually. It's known for its reliability and extensive network, making it easy to navigate the city center and beyond. Understanding the 'metro' is crucial for anyone looking to travel around Czech urban areas efficiently.

Using the 'metro' in the Czech Republic is quite straightforward. You'll need to purchase a ticket beforehand from vending machines or kiosks, then validate it upon entering the station. There are various types of tickets available, including single-journey, day passes, and multi-day passes, depending on your travel needs. Once validated, you can access the platforms and board the train. It's important to remember to hold onto your ticket as inspectors frequently check for valid fares, and fines can be issued for non-compliance.

Yes, major 'metro' systems in the Czech Republic, such as the one in Prague, typically have multiple lines, each designated by a different color and letter. For example, the Prague Metro has three main lines: A (green), B (yellow), and C (red). These lines crisscross the city, allowing for easy transfers between them at designated interchange stations. Each line serves different parts of the city, connecting residential areas with business districts, tourist attractions, and other transport hubs.

When riding the 'metro' in the Czech Republic, it's polite to offer your seat to elderly people, pregnant women, or those with disabilities. Stand to the right on escalators to allow others to pass on the left. Avoid blocking the doors when entering or exiting the train, and allow passengers to alight before you attempt to board. Keeping noise levels down and refraining from eating strong-smelling food are also appreciated. Adhering to these simple etiquette rules helps maintain a pleasant environment for all passengers.

自我测试

fill blank

V ________ jezdí mnoho lidí každý den.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
fill blank

Cestování ________ je rychlé a efektivní.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：
fill blank

Na Praze mají tři linky ________.

正确！ 不太对。 正确答案：

得分： /3

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