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das Schwein

A1 noun #3,000 最常用 10分钟阅读

das Schwein

前3,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 das Schwein 30秒了解

解析 das Schwein in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'das Schwein' is introduced primarily as a vocabulary word for animals found on a farm. Learners should focus on the basic noun, its neuter gender (das), and the plural form (die Schweine). You will learn to describe the pig's color (rosa) and its environment (der Bauernhof). Simple sentences like 'Das Schwein ist dick' or 'Ich mag Schweine' are typical for this stage. You might also encounter the word in the context of food, specifically 'Schweinefleisch' (pork), as part of basic grocery or restaurant vocabulary. The goal at A1 is simply to recognize the animal and know its grammatical gender and basic plural form without worrying too much about idiomatic uses.

At the A2 level, you begin to see 'das Schwein' in more diverse contexts, particularly in everyday expressions. This is where you first learn the idiom 'Schwein haben' to mean 'to be lucky.' You will also learn more compound nouns such as 'Sparschwein' (piggy bank) and 'Meerschweinchen' (guinea pig), which is a common pet in Germany. You should be able to use the word in different cases, such as 'Ich gebe dem Schwein einen Apfel' (dative). The focus shifts from just identifying the animal to using it in basic social interactions and understanding its role in German culinary culture, like distinguishing between different types of meat.

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By B1, you are expected to handle more complex idiomatic language. The 'innerer Schweinehund' becomes a key concept—referring to the internal struggle against laziness. You should be able to explain this concept in German. You will also encounter the word in more colloquial settings, such as the expression 'Kein Schwein war da' (Nobody was there). At this level, you start to understand the cultural significance of the pig as a symbol of luck, especially around New Year's. You can differentiate between the literal animal and the figurative uses in conversation, and you are beginning to understand the nuances of using 'Schwein' as a mild insult versus a description of luck.

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At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of the social registers associated with 'das Schwein.' You understand that 'Schwein' can be a strong insult and know when it is appropriate (or inappropriate) to use. You can follow discussions about agriculture or the meat industry where 'das Schwein' is used in a more technical or economic sense. You are familiar with more obscure idioms like 'Das kann man keinem Schwein anbieten' (You can't offer that to anyone/it's terrible). Your ability to use the word in complex sentence structures, including the genitive 'des Schweines,' is expected to be consistent. You also recognize the difference between 'Schwein' and its more vulgar counterpart 'Sau' in various contexts.

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At the C1 level, you explore the etymological and literary depth of 'das Schwein.' You might encounter the word in classic German literature or fables where pigs represent certain human traits. You understand the historical reasons why the pig is associated with luck. You can use the word in sophisticated metaphors and understand its use in political satire (e.g., 'die fetten Schweine' referring to corrupt officials). Your mastery of the word includes knowing how to use it as an intensifier in compound words and understanding the subtle differences between synonyms like 'Eber,' 'Sau,' and 'Borg' in specialized contexts. You can also discuss the ethical implications of 'Massentierhaltung' (factory farming) involving pigs.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'das Schwein.' You understand every possible connotation, from the highly technical biological terms to the most obscure regional slang. You can appreciate the wordplay in German humor and cabaret that often relies on the multiple meanings of 'Schwein.' You are capable of analyzing the linguistic shift of 'Schwein' from a purely animalistic term to a complex cultural signifier. You can use the word with precision in any stylistic register, whether it's an academic paper on medieval animal symbolism or a fast-paced, slang-filled conversation in a Berlin bar. You understand the deep-seated cultural archetypes the pig represents in the German-speaking psyche.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

das Schwein 30秒了解

Das Schwein is the German word for pig, a neuter noun (das) with the plural form die Schweine.
It is culturally significant as a symbol of luck, particularly in the common phrase 'Schwein haben' (to be lucky).
In culinary terms, it is the source of 'Schweinefleisch' (pork), the most popular meat in German-speaking countries.
It can be used as an insult for messy or mean people, but also in many useful everyday idioms.

The German noun das Schwein is a fundamental term that transcends its primary biological meaning. At its core, it refers to the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus), a hoofed mammal widely raised on farms across German-speaking countries. However, understanding 'Schwein' requires looking far beyond the barnyard. In German culture, the pig is a paradoxical symbol, representing both filth and extreme good fortune. You will encounter this word in a variety of contexts, from ordering food at a traditional 'Wirtshaus' to expressing frustration or celebrating a lucky break. The grammatical gender is neuter, and the plural form is die Schweine. It is one of the first nouns English speakers learn because of its phonetic similarity to 'swine,' though 'Schwein' is the standard, everyday word for pig, whereas 'swine' in English has become largely archaic or derogatory.

The Biological Context: In agriculture and biology, 'das Schwein' is the generic term for the animal. Farmers might use more specific terms like 'Sau' (sow) or 'Eber' (boar), but for the general public, any pig is a Schwein. Germany is famous for its pork production, making this word central to culinary discussions.
The Symbol of Luck: Perhaps the most surprising use for English speakers is the phrase 'Schwein haben' (to have pig), which means to be lucky. This stems from medieval times when having a pig meant you wouldn't starve, even if you lost everything else. Thus, the pig became a 'Glücksschwein' (lucky pig).

Ich habe heute richtig Schwein gehabt, als ich den letzten Bus noch erwischt habe.

Furthermore, the word is used to describe objects and concepts. A 'Sparschwein' is a piggy bank, a staple of German childhood used to teach financial responsibility. In a more negative light, 'Schwein' is used as an insult to describe someone who is messy, immoral, or mean. This duality—the lucky charm versus the dirty beast—makes 'das Schwein' one of the most versatile and culturally embedded nouns in the German language. Whether you are discussing animal welfare, enjoying a 'Schweinebraten' (roast pork), or talking about a stroke of luck, this word is indispensable.

Das Schwein suhlt sich im Schlamm, um sich abzukühlen.

Culinary Usage: In a restaurant, you will see 'Schwein' in many compound words. 'Schweinefleisch' is pork, and 'Schweineschnitzel' is a pork cutlet. It is the most consumed meat in Germany, appearing in hundreds of types of 'Wurst' (sausage).

Using das Schwein correctly involves mastering its grammatical properties and its various idiomatic roles. As a neuter noun, it always takes the article 'das' in the nominative and accusative singular, 'dem' in the dative, and 'des' in the genitive. When you are talking about the animal itself, the sentence structure is straightforward. However, when you use it idiomatically, the syntax can shift. For instance, in the expression 'Schwein haben,' the word 'Schwein' functions almost like an uncountable noun, similar to 'luck' in English. You rarely say 'Ich habe ein Schwein' to mean you are lucky; you simply say 'Ich habe Schwein.'

Subject and Object Position: In the sentence 'Das Schwein frisst Äpfel' (The pig eats apples), 'das Schwein' is the subject. In 'Der Bauer füttert das Schwein' (The farmer feeds the pig), it is the direct object. Notice the article stays 'das' in both cases because it is neuter.

Wir haben auf dem Bauernhof drei Schweine gesehen.

When using 'Schwein' as an insult, it often appears in the vocative or as a predicate nominative. 'Du Schwein!' is a direct accusation. In compound nouns, 'Schwein' often loses its ending or takes a linking 'e'. For example, 'Schweinefleisch' (pig meat/pork) or 'Schweinekotelett' (pork chop). Interestingly, when referring to the meat specifically as a culinary ingredient, 'Schwein' is often used as a prefix. If you are describing a person who is acting in an unsavory manner, you might say, 'Er ist ein armes Schwein' (He is a poor pig/soul), which actually expresses a degree of pity rather than pure insult.

Pass auf, das Schwein könnte dich beißen, wenn es sich bedroht fühlt.

Pluralization and Cases: The plural is 'die Schweine'. In the dative plural, it becomes 'den Schweinen'. Example: 'Ich gebe den Schweinen Futter' (I give the pigs food). In the genitive singular, it is 'des Schweines' or 'des Schweins'.

You will encounter das Schwein in a surprisingly diverse array of settings in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The most literal place is, of course, the countryside. If you go on a 'Bauernhofurlaub' (farm holiday), you will hear farmers talking about their 'Schweine'. In urban settings, the butcher shop (Metzgerei) is a primary location. You'll see signs for 'frisches Schweinefleisch' or hear customers ordering 'ein Kilo Schweinehack' (pork mince). In a restaurant, the menu will be full of 'Schwein' derivatives. Beyond the physical animal or its meat, the word is a staple of colloquial German speech.

In the Office and Daily Life: You might hear a colleague say, 'Ich muss meinen inneren Schweinehund überwinden' (I must overcome my inner pig-dog). This is a very common way to say someone is struggling with laziness or procrastination. It's heard in gyms, offices, and schools.

Kein Schwein hat mich angerufen, als ich krank war.

In social gatherings, 'Schwein' appears in idioms about luck and social attendance. 'Kein Schwein' is a slangy way to say 'nobody' or 'not a soul'. If a party was empty, someone might say, 'Es war kein Schwein da'. On New Year's Eve, the word is everywhere as people gift each other 'Glücksschweinchen'. In sports commentary, if a team wins through a lucky goal, the commentator might exclaim about the 'Dusel' or 'Schwein' they had. Even in children's media, characters like 'Peppa Wutz' (Peppa Pig) use the word 'Schwein' (specifically 'Schwein' or 'Ferkel' for piglet) constantly. The word is so deeply rooted that it appears in news headlines regarding agriculture, price fluctuations of meat, and even in political metaphors.

In der Metzgerei hängen Plakate für Schweinefleisch im Angebot.

Informal and Slang Contexts: In heated arguments, 'Schwein' or 'Dreckschwein' (filthy pig) are common insults. You might also hear 'Schweinerei!' shouted when something is a mess, unfair, or a scandal. It's a high-frequency word in emotional outbursts.

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers is assuming das Schwein only has negative connotations. In English, calling someone a 'pig' is almost always an insult regarding their eating habits or cleanliness. In German, while it can be an insult, the 'lucky' aspect ('Schwein haben') is just as common. Using 'Ich bin ein Schwein' when you mean 'I am lucky' is a classic error; you must say 'Ich habe Schwein'. Another mistake is gender confusion. Beginners often default to masculine ('der Schwein') because they associate animals with 'der', but it is strictly neuter. Remembering 'Das Schwein' is crucial for correct adjective endings and pronoun references.

Confusion with 'Sau': Learners often confuse 'Schwein' with 'Sau' (sow). While both refer to pigs, 'Sau' is much more aggressive as an insult and is also used as an intensifier (e.g., 'saukalt' - pig-cold/extremely cold). Using 'Sau' in the wrong context can sound much harsher than intended.

Falsch: Ich bin so ein Schwein! (I am such a pig!) - Correct only if you are messy.

Pluralization is another pitfall. The plural is 'Schweine', not 'Schwein' (like 'sheep' in English). You must add the '-e'. Furthermore, in compound words, learners often forget the linking 'e'. It is 'Schweinefleisch', not 'Schweinfleisch'. Pronunciation can also be tricky; the 'ei' in Schwein is a diphthong like the 'i' in 'mine'. Some learners pronounce it like 'shween', which is incorrect. Finally, be careful with the expression 'Kein Schwein'. It is very informal. Using it in a formal letter or a job interview to mean 'nobody' would be a significant stylistic faux pas. Understanding the register—when to be literal, when to be metaphorical, and when to be careful—is the key to using this word like a native.

Richtig: Ich habe heute Schwein gehabt, weil der Lehrer nicht da war.

The 'Innerer Schweinehund' Trap: Many learners try to translate 'lazy' directly and miss the opportunity to use this idiomatic phrase. Conversely, some use it to mean they are a 'bad person,' but it specifically refers to the struggle against laziness, not moral failure.

Depending on what you want to say, das Schwein might not be the most precise word. If you are talking about the biological category, you might use 'das Borstenvieh' (bristly cattle - humorous/colloquial) or 'das Hausschwein'. If you are focusing on the gender or age of the animal, German has a specific vocabulary. A young pig is 'das Ferkel'. A female pig is 'die Sau', and a male pig is 'der Eber'. For castrated males used for meat, the term is 'der Borg'. In a culinary context, you almost always use 'Schweinefleisch' rather than just 'Schwein' when referring to the meat on your plate.

Schwein vs. Sau: 'Schwein' is the neutral, standard word. 'Sau' is more specific (female) but also serves as a much stronger swear word. While 'Schwein' can be used playfully, 'Sau' is almost always derogatory or very intense.
Schwein vs. Ferkel: 'Ferkel' (piglet) is used for baby pigs. Metaphorically, calling someone a 'Ferkel' is a milder way of saying they are messy or have a dirty mind, often used with children or in lighthearted teasing.

Das kleine Ferkel spielt im Stroh, während die Sau schläft.

If you want to talk about luck without using the word 'Schwein', the standard word is 'das Glück'. 'Ich habe Glück gehabt' is the formal equivalent of 'Ich habe Schwein gehabt'. If you are looking for an alternative to 'Schwein' as an insult for a messy person, you could use 'der Schmutzfink' (dirty finch) or 'der Dreckspatz' (dirty sparrow), both of which are much milder and often used for children. For a truly despicable person, 'der Mistkerl' or 'der Schurke' (villain) might be used instead of the more vulgar 'Drecksschwein'. Understanding these nuances allows you to tailor your German to the specific situation and social circle.

Anstatt 'Du Schwein!' zu sagen, könnte man 'Das ist eine Unverschämtheit!' rufen.

Culinary Synonyms: In high-end gastronomy, you might see 'Spanferkel' (suckling pig) or specific breeds like 'Iberico-Schwein' mentioned on the menu to denote quality.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"Die Schweinehaltung unterliegt strengen gesetzlichen Auflagen."

中性

"Das Schwein ist ein intelligentes Tier."

非正式

"Hast du Schwein gehabt!"

Child friendly

"Schau mal, das kleine Schweinchen ist so süß!"

俚语

"Kein Schwein war da."

趣味小知识

The association of pigs with luck dates back to the Middle Ages. A pig was a valuable asset; even if a farmer had a bad harvest, having a pig meant his family would have meat for the winter.

发音指南

UK /ʃvaɪn/

US /ʃwaɪn/

The word is a single syllable, so the stress is on the entire word.

押韵词

Wein fein mein dein sein nein Bein Stein

常见错误

Pronouncing 'ei' as 'ee' (e.g., 'shween'). It should be like 'eye'.
Pronouncing 'w' like the English 'w' in 'water'. In German, 'w' is like the English 'v' in 'very'.
Missing the 'n' at the end.
Making the 'sch' sound too soft; it should be a strong 'sh'.
Confusing the pronunciation with 'Wein' (wine), though they rhyme.

难度评级

阅读 1/5

Very easy to recognize due to English cognate 'swine'.

写作 2/5

Simple spelling, but remember the neuter 'das'.

口语 2/5

Watch the 'w' and 'ei' pronunciation.

听力 1/5

Clear, distinct sound in most dialects.

接下来学什么

前置知识

das Tier der Bauernhof rosa haben essen

接下来学习

das Fleisch das Glück die Sau das Ferkel der Hund

高级

die Massentierhaltung der Schweinezyklus die Metaphorik der Schweinepriester die Schweinshaxe

需要掌握的语法

Neuter nouns often use 'das' and end in '-e' for plural.

Das Schwein -> Die Schweine

Compound nouns take the gender of the last word.

Das Spar + das Schwein = das Sparschwein

Verbs for animals are often different (e.g., 'fressen' vs 'essen').

Das Schwein frisst.

Dative plural always adds an 'n' if possible.

Den Schweinen

Idioms with 'haben' often drop the article.

Schwein haben (not 'ein Schwein haben')

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按水平分级的例句

Das Schwein ist rosa.

The pig is pink.

Subject in nominative case.

Ein Schwein lebt auf dem Bauernhof.

A pig lives on the farm.

Indefinite article 'ein' for neuter nouns.

Ich sehe zwei Schweine.

I see two pigs.

Plural form 'Schweine'.

Das Schwein ist groß.

The pig is big.

Adjective 'groß' after the verb 'sein'.

Ist das ein Schwein?

Is that a pig?

Question structure with 'ist'.

Das Schwein frisst gern.

The pig likes to eat.

Verb 'fressen' used for animals.

Mein Schwein heißt Rudi.

My pig is named Rudi.

Possessive pronoun 'mein'.

Das Schwein schläft im Stall.

The pig sleeps in the stable.

Preposition 'im' (in + dem).

Ich habe heute richtig Schwein gehabt!

I was really lucky today!

Idiomatic use of 'Schwein haben'.

Wo ist mein Sparschwein?

Where is my piggy bank?

Compound noun 'Spar' + 'schwein'.

Isst du gern Schweinefleisch?

Do you like eating pork?

Compound noun 'Schweine' + 'fleisch'.

Wir haben den Schweinen Futter gegeben.

We gave the pigs food.

Dative plural 'den Schweinen'.

Das Meerschweinchen ist sehr süß.

The guinea pig is very cute.

Diminutive form used for the pet.

Ein Glücksschwein bringt Segen.

A lucky pig brings blessings.

Compound noun 'Glück' + 'schwein'.

Das Schwein hat eine Steckdosennase.

The pig has a socket nose.

Descriptive compound 'Steckdose' + 'nase'.

Warum ist das Schwein so schmutzig?

Why is the pig so dirty?

Adjective 'schmutzig' in a question.

Ich muss meinen inneren Schweinehund überwinden.

I have to overcome my inner pig-dog (laziness).

Accusative object 'meinen inneren Schweinehund'.

Kein Schwein hat mir geholfen.

Not a soul helped me.

Colloquial use of 'kein Schwein' for 'nobody'.

Das ist ja eine totale Schweinerei!

That is a total mess/outrage!

Noun 'Schweinerei' derived from 'Schwein'.

Er ist ein armes Schwein, er hat alles verloren.

He is a poor soul; he lost everything.

Idiomatic use of 'armes Schwein' for pity.

Wir haben Schweineglück gehabt.

We had incredible luck.

Intensifier 'Schweine-' added to 'Glück'.

Die Schweinehaltung hat sich in den letzten Jahren verändert.

Pig farming has changed in recent years.

Formal compound 'Schweine' + 'haltung'.

Du hast wohl Schwein gehabt, dass die Polizei dich nicht gesehen hat.

You were lucky the police didn't see you.

Subordinate clause with 'dass'.

In diesem Restaurant gibt es die beste Schweinshaxe.

This restaurant has the best pork knuckle.

Specific culinary term 'Schweinshaxe'.

Man sollte die Perlen nicht vor die Säue werfen.

One should not cast pearls before swine.

Proverb using the archaic/plural 'Säue'.

Das ist ein Schweinegeld, das wir hier ausgeben.

This is a huge amount of money we're spending here.

Colloquial intensifier 'Schweine-' for quantity.

Er benimmt sich wie ein offenes Messer, das Schwein.

He behaves like an open knife, that pig.

Using 'Schwein' as a strong insult.

Die Preise für Schweinefleisch sind auf dem Weltmarkt gesunken.

Pork prices have fallen on the global market.

Economic context.

Es war kein Schwein auf der Party, total langweilig.

Nobody was at the party, totally boring.

Slang usage.

Die ökologische Schweinezucht gewinnt an Bedeutung.

Ecological pig breeding is gaining importance.

Technical compound 'Schweine' + 'zucht'.

Das Projekt war eine Schweinearbeit.

The project was a hell of a lot of work.

Colloquial intensifier 'Schweine-' for effort.

Ich lasse mich nicht wie ein Schwein behandeln.

I won't let myself be treated like a pig.

Reflexive verb with comparison.

Die Metaphorik des Schweins in der deutschen Literatur ist vielschichtig.

The imagery of the pig in German literature is multi-layered.

Genitive case 'des Schweins'.

Der korrupte Politiker wurde als 'fettes Schwein' karikiert.

The corrupt politician was caricatured as a 'fat pig'.

Passive voice with 'als' comparison.

Es ist eine Schweinerei, wie mit den Ressourcen umgegangen wird.

It's an outrage how resources are being handled.

Abstract use of 'Schweinerei'.

Er hat das Schwein am Schwanz gepackt und die Gelegenheit genutzt.

He seized the pig by the tail and took the opportunity.

Idiomatic expression for taking a chance.

Die industrielle Schweinemast steht oft in der Kritik.

Industrial pig fattening is often criticized.

Specific agricultural term 'Schweinemast'.

Das ist unter aller Sau, wie du mit ihr redest.

It's completely unacceptable how you talk to her.

Strong idiom 'unter aller Sau'.

Die Ambivalenz zwischen dem Glücksschwein und dem Dreckschwein ist faszinierend.

The ambivalence between the lucky pig and the filthy pig is fascinating.

Complex noun phrase.

Man muss den Schweinezyklus in der Wirtschaft verstehen.

One must understand the hog cycle in economics.

Economic term 'Schweinezyklus'.

Die soziolinguistische Analyse des Wortes 'Schwein' offenbart tiefe kulturelle Gräben.

The sociolinguistic analysis of the word 'pig' reveals deep cultural divides.

Academic register.

In der Fabelwelt fungiert das Schwein oft als Spiegel menschlicher Maßlosigkeit.

In the world of fables, the pig often functions as a mirror of human immoderation.

Sophisticated vocabulary 'Maßlosigkeit'.

Die Dehumanisierung durch animalische Metaphern wie 'Schwein' ist ein dunkles Kapitel der Sprache.

Dehumanization through animal metaphors like 'pig' is a dark chapter of language.

Complex nominalization.

Er ist ein geriebenes Schwein, dem man kein Wort glauben darf.

He is a crafty swine who shouldn't be believed for a second.

Idiomatic adjective 'gerieben' (crafty).

Die Transformation vom Nutztier zum Glückssymbol ist kulturhistorisch bemerkenswert.

The transformation from livestock to luck symbol is historically remarkable.

High-level compound 'kulturhistorisch'.

Solche Schweinepriester haben in unserer Organisation nichts zu suchen.

Such hypocrites/scoundrels have no place in our organization.

Rare insult 'Schweinepriester'.

Das Schweinesystem, gegen das sie protestierten, schien unerschütterlich.

The corrupt system they protested against seemed unshakable.

Political term 'Schweinesystem'.

Die semantische Breite von 'Schwein' im Deutschen sucht ihresgleichen.

The semantic range of 'Schwein' in German is unparalleled.

Advanced idiom 'sucht ihresgleichen'.

常见搭配

Schwein haben

armes Schwein

fettes Schwein

innerer Schweinehund

wildes Schwein

rosa Schwein

Schweinefleisch essen

Glücksschwein schenken

Schweinerei machen

kein Schwein

常用短语

Du Schwein!

— You pig! Used as an insult for someone who did something mean or is dirty.

Du hast meinen Kuchen gegessen? Du Schwein!

Schwein gehabt!

— Lucky you! Used when someone narrowly avoids trouble.

Das Auto hat dich fast erwischt. Schwein gehabt!

Kein Schwein ruft mich an.

— Not a soul is calling me. Popularized by a famous German song.

Ich bin so einsam, kein Schwein ruft mich an.

Das ist unter aller Sau.

— That is completely unacceptable or of very poor quality.

Deine Leistung im Test war unter aller Sau.

Die Sau rauslassen.

— To party hard or let loose.

Am Wochenende lassen wir mal so richtig die Sau raus.

Eierlegende Wollmilchsau.

— Something that can do everything (lit. an egg-laying wool-milk-pig).

Dieses neue Smartphone ist eine eierlegende Wollmilchsau.

Perlen vor die Säue werfen.

— To waste something valuable on someone who doesn't appreciate it.

Ihm teuren Wein zu geben, ist wie Perlen vor die Säue zu werfen.

Wie ein Schwein bluten.

— To bleed very heavily.

Er hat sich geschnitten und blutet wie ein Schwein.

Das kann kein Schwein lesen.

— Nobody can read this (due to bad handwriting).

Deine Handschrift ist furchtbar, das kann kein Schwein lesen.

Vom Schwein sein.

— To be made of pork.

Ist die Wurst vom Rind oder vom Schwein?

容易混淆的词

das Schwein vs der Wein

Sounds similar but means 'wine'. 'Schwein' has the 'Sch' sound.

das Schwein vs das Meerschweinchen

Means 'guinea pig', which is a rodent, not a pig.

das Schwein vs die Sau

Often used interchangeably as an insult, but 'Sau' is stronger.

习语与表达

"Den inneren Schweinehund überwinden"

— To conquer one's own laziness or lack of willpower.

Jeden Morgen um 6 Uhr aufzustehen erfordert, den inneren Schweinehund zu überwinden.

neutral

"Schwein haben"

— To be lucky, especially in an unexpected way.

Ich habe Schwein gehabt, dass ich die Prüfung bestanden habe.

informal

"Armes Schwein"

— A poor soul; someone who deserves pity.

Der arme Kerl hat seinen Job verloren, er ist ein armes Schwein.

informal

"Kein Schwein"

— Absolutely nobody.

Es war kein Schwein im Kino.

slang

"Schweinerei!"

— An outrage, a mess, or an unfair situation.

Die Preiserhöhung ist eine absolute Schweinerei!

informal

"Das Schwein am Schwanz packen"

— To take a risk or seize an opportunity.

Er hat das Schwein am Schwanz gepackt und die Firma gegründet.

idiomatic

"Schweineglück"

— Incredible, massive luck.

Das war echtes Schweineglück, dass der Baum nicht auf das Haus gefallen ist.

informal

"Sich fühlen wie die Sau im Buchweizen"

— To feel extremely comfortable or happy (regional/rare).

In meinem neuen Haus fühle ich mich wie die Sau im Buchweizen.

regional

"Schwein gehabt!"

— That was a close call! (Lucky escape).

Fast wäre ich hingefallen. Schwein gehabt!

informal

"Dreckschwein"

— A very dirty or morally despicable person.

Lüg mich nicht an, du Dreckschwein!

vulgar

容易混淆

das Schwein vs Sau

Both mean pig.

'Sau' is specifically female and a harsher insult.

Die Sau säugt ihre Ferkel.

das Schwein vs Ferkel

Both refer to the same species.

'Ferkel' is only for babies or mildly messy people.

Das Ferkel ist erst zwei Wochen alt.

das Schwein vs Eber

Both are pigs.

'Eber' is specifically the male.

Der Eber hat große Stoßzähne.

das Schwein vs Bache

Related to pigs.

'Bache' is a wild female pig.

Vorsicht vor der Bache im Wald!

das Schwein vs Wutz

Childish word for pig.

Used in names like Peppa Wutz.

Komm her, du kleine Wutz.

句型

Das [Nomen] ist [Adjektiv].

Das Schwein ist rosa.

Ich habe [Nomen] gehabt.

Ich habe Schwein gehabt.

Kein [Nomen] [Verb] ...

Kein Schwein ruft mich an.

Es ist eine [Nomen].

Es ist eine Schweinerei.

Den inneren [Nomen] [Verb].

Den inneren Schweinehund überwinden.

Unter aller [Nomen].

Das ist unter aller Sau.

Ich sehe ein [Nomen].

Ich sehe ein Schwein.

Wo ist das [Nomen]?

Wo ist das Sparschwein?

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Very high, especially in idioms and food contexts.

常见错误

Der Schwein → Das Schwein
Schwein is neuter, not masculine.
Ich bin Schwein → Ich habe Schwein gehabt
To say you are lucky, you must 'have' pig, not 'be' a pig.
Zwei Schwein → Zwei Schweine
The plural requires an 'e'.
Schweinfleisch → Schweinefleisch
Compound words with Schwein usually need the linking 'e'.
Kein Schwein war dort (in a formal essay) → Niemand war dort
'Kein Schwein' is too informal for academic or formal writing.

小贴士

New Year's Luck

Give a marzipan pig to your German friends on Dec 31st to wish them luck. It's a beloved tradition.

Neuter Article

Always pair 'Schwein' with 'das'. Even if you think of a big boar, it remains 'das Schwein' unless you use 'der Eber'.

Ordering Food

Look for 'Schwein' on menus. If you see 'Schweinshaxe', it's a roasted pork knuckle—a must-try in Bavaria!

Close Calls

If you almost miss a train but make it at the last second, shout 'Schwein gehabt!' to your friends.

Register Awareness

Avoid 'Kein Schwein' in formal writing. Use 'Niemand' to stay professional.

English Cognate

Link 'Schwein' to 'swine' in your mind to remember the meaning instantly.

The 'V' Sound

The 'w' in Schwein is a 'v'. Practice saying 'sh-vine' to get it right.

Willpower

The 'Schweinehund' is a unique German concept. Use it when talking about your struggles with the gym!

Pork vs Pig

Remember that 'Schweinefleisch' is the meat. 'Schwein' on a menu is often shorthand for a pork-based dish.

Insult Warning

Calling a stranger 'Schwein' can lead to real trouble or even a fine in Germany. Use with extreme caution.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a pig wearing a 'SH-V-INE' (Shine) sign because it's lucky. 'Schwein' sounds like 'swine' but means both pig and luck.

视觉联想

Imagine a pink pig sitting inside a giant gold coin (luck) while eating a pork chop (food). This covers the three main meanings.

Word Web

Bauernhof Fleisch Glück Rosa Dreck Sau Ferkel Wurst

挑战

Try to use 'Schwein haben' in a sentence today when something small goes right for you.

词源

Derived from the Middle High German 'swīn' and Old High German 'swīn'. It shares the same Proto-Germanic root '*swīną' as the English word 'swine'.

原始含义： The word has always referred to the pig, but its usage as a synonym for luck or filth developed over centuries.

Germanic

文化背景

Avoid using 'Schwein' in religious contexts where pork is forbidden, as it may be offensive. Also, be aware that 'Schwein' as an insult is considered vulgar.

English speakers should be careful not to use 'pig' (Schwein) as an insult as freely as in English, as it can sound harsher or more specific in German.

The song 'Kein Schwein ruft mich an' by Max Raabe. The character 'Piggeldy und Frederick' from German children's TV. Miss Piggy (known as Miss Piggy in Germany too).

在生活中练习

真实语境

On a farm

Die Schweine füttern
Der Stall ist sauber
Ein kleines Ferkel
Die Sau

At a restaurant

Schweinefleisch
Schweineschnitzel
Schweinshaxe
Vom Schwein

Expressing luck

Schwein gehabt!
Echt Schwein haben
Viel Schwein!
Glücksschwein

Complaining

So eine Schweinerei!
Du Schwein!
Dreckschwein
Unter aller Sau

Procrastination

Innerer Schweinehund
Den Schweinehund besiegen
Faul sein
Überwindung

对话开场白

"Hast du schon mal ein echtes Schwein auf einem Bauernhof gesehen?"

"Isst du gerne Schweinefleisch oder bevorzugst du Rind?"

"Wann hattest du das letzte Mal so richtig Schwein im Leben?"

"Musst du oft deinen inneren Schweinehund überwinden, um Sport zu machen?"

"Was hältst du von Marzipanschweinen als Glücksbringer?"

日记主题

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der du richtig Schwein gehabt hast.

Warum ist das Schwein in Deutschland ein Symbol für Glück?

Wie besiegst du deinen inneren Schweinehund, wenn du keine Lust auf Hausaufgaben hast?

Sollte man weniger Schweinefleisch essen? Warum oder warum nicht?

Stell dir vor, du hättest ein Hausschwein. Wie würdest du es nennen und was würde es essen?

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is a very common idiom meaning 'to be lucky'. If you want to say you own a pig, you would say 'Ich besitze ein Schwein'.

It can be. As an insult ('Du Schwein!'), it is offensive. However, in the context of luck or animals, it is perfectly normal and safe to use.

It's a metaphorical 'inner pig-dog' that represents laziness. Germans 'overcome' it to do things they don't want to do, like exercising.

'Schwein' is the animal, while 'Schweinefleisch' is the meat. You eat 'Schweinefleisch', not 'Schwein' (unless you are speaking very informally).

Because they were brought across the sea (Meer) and their squeaking sounds a bit like small pigs (Schweinchen).

In literal farming contexts, 'Schwein' is more common as a general term. In slang and swearing, 'Sau' is very frequent.

The plural is 'die Schweine'. Don't forget the 'e' at the end!

Yes, but it's quite rude. 'Fierce eater' or 'Vielfraß' is a slightly different concept, but 'Schwein' covers messy eating.

A lucky pig. It's a symbol of good fortune, often seen as marzipan candy or small figurines during New Year celebrations.

It is neuter: *das* Schwein.

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