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B1 — 告别“中式英语”：地道短语动词全攻略

B1 · 中级章节 24

告别“中式英语”：地道短语动词全攻略

Q: take off 有哪些主要意思？

主要有两个：一个是“脱掉”衣服或饰品，比如 "take off your shoes"；另一个是“起飞”或“离开”，比如 "the plane took off"。

Q: take off 总是可以拆开用吗？

不一定，这取决于意思！当表示“脱下”物体时（如 "take your hat off"），它是可以拆分的。但当表示“起飞”或“成功”时，它是不可拆分的，所以你会说 "the show took off"。

Q: What is the difference between 'get along' and 'get along with'?

Use `get along` when the people involved are the subject (e.g., 'We get along'). Use `get along with` when you want to name the other person at the end (e.g., 'I get along with him').

Q: Can I say 'I ran out of my friend'?

No, `run out of` is only for supplies or resources. If you mean you don't want to see them anymore, you might say `I've run out of patience with my friend`.

Q: What is the difference between 'run into' and 'bump into'?

They mean the same thing! `Bump into` is slightly more informal, but both describe meeting someone by surprise.

10 总规则

118 例句

6 分钟

本章规则快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the phrasal verbs that native speakers use in every single conversation.

Identify common phrasal verbs in daily contexts.
Apply multi-word verbs correctly in social situations.
Differentiate between literal and idiomatic meanings.

Speak naturally, one phrasal verb at a time.

你将学到什么

想让你的英语听起来瞬间变得像母语者一样自然吗？在 B1 阶段，掌握短语动词是进阶的关键。本章我们将一起攻克 10 组核心表达，让你的口语告别生硬死板。你会学到如何用 catch up 与老友叙旧，用 run into 描述街头的惊喜偶遇，甚至学会用 break down 把复杂的计划拆解得清清楚楚。比如，当你需要委婉拒绝一个邀请时，用 turn down 会比直接说 No 优雅得多；而当你成功克服了某个小挫折，一句 get over 就能展现你的自信。通过本章的学习，你不仅能掌握 pick up、take off 等多义词的微妙用法，更能在日常社交、任务执行等真实场景中对答如流。准备好了吗？让我们赋予你的英语真正的灵魂，开始这场地道表达的蜕变之旅吧！

短语动词：Take off（脱下和起飞）
掌握 take off，无论是脱下装备、华丽起飞还是事业走红，你都能像地道母语者一样表达！关键词：remove depart success。
相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)
Get along/on describes relationship harmony or conflict. Master it for natural social conversations!
短语动词：Run (Into, Out of, Away)
Mastering 'run into,' 'out of,' and 'away' unlocks natural, everyday English.
短语动词: Get over (恢复 & 克服)
用 get over 来自然地表达从挫折中“走出来”，无论是小感冒还是大心碎，它都是你的 recovery 关键词。
短语动词: Pick up (捡起，接送，接听)
掌握 'pick up' 就像拿到了日常生活的万能钥匙，帮你轻松应对 «接人»、«取物» 和 «学技能» 等各种场景。
如何使用 'Catch Up' (短语动词)
无论是补进度、叙旧还是追赶，用 catch up 就对了！记住 on 接事情，with 接人。
短语动词: Turn Down (音量与拒绝)
无论是调低音量还是优雅地拒绝，掌握 turn down 都能让你沟通更顺畅。关键词：decrease volume reject separable。
偶然遇到 (Run into)
Use run into for unplanned encounters with people or sudden problems – it's all about surprise!
理解 'Break down'（停止运作与解释说明）
掌握 break down 就能轻松应对“机器罢工”和“化繁为简”的各种生活场景。关键词： fail、 simplify、 "it's in the middle"。
执行任务 (Carry out)
用 carry out 来强调“执行”或“完成”某项具体任务，让你的英语听起来更有目的感，就像拥有了 execute 和 complete 的合体技。

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

1
By the end you will be able to: Use 10 essential phrasal verbs in a coherent paragraph about your daily routine.

章节指南

Overview

Mastering English daily life phrasal verbs is a game-changer for any B1 English learner looking to sound more natural and confident. These seemingly small combinations of verbs and prepositions (or adverbs) are everywhere in everyday conversation, from talking about your plans to describing a sudden event. Ignoring them means missing out on the richness and authenticity of native English.

This chapter is designed to unlock that next level of fluency for you.

You'll discover how to naturally describe situations like when you run into an old friend unexpectedly, or how you get along with your colleagues at work. We'll explore essential verbs like take off for when a plane departs or you remove clothing, and how to use get over when you recover from an illness or a difficult situation. Understanding these will help you express yourself with greater precision and ease, making your B1 English grammar feel truly alive.

By the end of this guide, you'll be able to confidently use phrasal verbs to talk about everything from picking up a phone call, to asking someone to turn down the music, or understanding why a car might break down. Get ready to elevate your conversational skills and seamlessly blend into everyday English interactions!

How This Grammar Works

Phrasal verbs are a core component of natural, everyday English, especially when describing actions and states in daily life. They combine a verb with a particle (a preposition or adverb) to create a new meaning that is often different from the original verb alone. For example, the verb take means to grasp, but when combined with off as in take off, it can mean to remove clothing, or for a plane to depart.

Similarly, run is a physical action, but run into means to meet someone by chance, and run out of signifies a lack of supply.

Many phrasal verbs are about human interactions and emotions. To describe a positive relationship, we often say people get along with each other. When you need to recover from an illness or emotional difficulty, you get over it.

These verbs help you express nuances that single words often can't. Think about planning: you might carry out instructions or a plan, showing completion and adherence. In social situations, if you're behind on information or tasks, you might need to catch up.

A crucial aspect of some phrasal verbs, especially those with an object, is their separability. For instance, with pick up, you can say "I'll pick up the book or I'll pick the book up.

However, if the object is a pronoun, it *must* go in the middle:

I'll pick it up, never I'll pick up it. This sandwich rule

applies to many separable phrasal verbs. Another important one is turn down, which can mean to lower volume (

Turn down the music

) or to reject an offer (

She turned down the job offer").

Phrasal verbs allow for a more dynamic and less formal expression, making your B1 English sound more authentic.

Common Mistakes

1Mistake with pronoun placement for separable phrasal verbs.

✗ I need to pick up them from school.

✓ I need to pick them up from school.

Explanation: When the object of a separable phrasal verb is a pronoun (like *them*, *it*, *him*, *her*, *us*, *you*), the pronoun *always* goes between the verb and the particle.

1Confusing 'get along' with 'get together'.

✗ My new colleagues get along with coffee next week.

✓ My new colleagues get along well, and we'll get together for coffee next week.

Explanation: Get along means to have a good relationship. Get together means to meet up socially.

1Incorrectly using 'run out' without 'of'.

✗ We ran out milk, so I went to the store.

✓ We ran out of milk, so I went to the store.

Explanation: When indicating a depletion of supplies, the phrasal verb is run out of something.

Real Conversations

Hey Sarah, I didn't expect to run into you here! How have you been?

Oh, Mark! What a surprise! I’ve been great, just trying to get over this cold I caught last week. How about you? How are things getting along at your new job?

Not bad. It's challenging, but I'm managing to carry out all my tasks. I even had to turn down an invitation to a party because I had so much to do.

Wow, sounds busy! Well, it was good to catch up quickly. I have to pick up my daughter from school soon. Let's really catch up properly another time!

Sounds good! Hope you get over that cold completely.

Thanks! You too.

Quick FAQ

Why are daily life phrasal verbs so important for B1 English grammar?

Phrasal verbs are crucial because they're extremely common in everyday conversations. Understanding and using them helps you comprehend native speakers better and express yourself more naturally and less formally.

Can I use pick up for both people and objects?

Yes! You can pick up a friend from the airport, and you can pick up a book from the floor. Remember the pronoun rule:

pick him up

but

pick up the book

pick it up.

What's the difference between meet and

run into

someone?

Meet can be planned ("Let's meet for coffee) or unplanned. Run into" specifically means to meet someone unexpectedly or by chance. It always implies a surprise encounter.

break down

always negative?

Not always. While it often refers to machinery failing or someone having an emotional collapse, it can also mean to simplify or explain something complex in smaller, easier steps, like

break down a complex idea.

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these daily life phrasal verbs constantly. They are a cornerstone of informal, everyday communication, making conversations flow more naturally and efficiently. While there are some regional variations, the core meanings of verbs like get along, take off, run into, and pick up are widely understood across English-speaking countries.

They tend to be less formal than their single-word synonyms (e.g., reject vs.

turn down

), making them perfectly suited for the relaxed nature of most daily interactions. Integrating them makes your speech sound much more like a native speaker's.

关键例句 (8)

It's warm in here, I'm going to `take my sweater off`.

这里很暖和，我要把毛衣脱了。

短语动词：Take off（脱下和起飞）

The flight to London `takes off` at 9 AM.

飞往伦敦的航班上午 9 点起飞。

短语动词：Take off（脱下和起飞）

My sister and I always `get along` really well, even though we live in different cities.

Mi hermana y yo siempre nos llevamos muy bien, aunque vivimos en ciudades diferentes.

相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)

Do you `get on` with your new project manager? I heard they're quite strict.

¿Te llevas bien con tu nuevo gerente de proyecto? Escuché que es bastante estricto.

相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)

I unexpectedly `ran into` an old friend at the grocery store.

Me encontré inesperadamente con un viejo amigo en el supermercado.

短语动词：Run (Into, Out of, Away)

Oh no, we're `running out of` coffee! Someone needs to buy more.

¡Oh no, nos estamos quedando sin café! Alguien tiene que comprar más.

短语动词：Run (Into, Out of, Away)

It took her weeks to really `get over` the cold she caught.

她花了好几周才从感冒中彻底好起来。

短语动词: Get over (恢复 & 克服)

I thought I'd never `get over` that embarrassing moment during my Zoom interview.

我以为我永远无法从 Zoom 面试那个尴尬时刻中走出来。

短语动词: Get over (恢复 & 克服)

技巧与窍门 (4)

💡

代词位置规则

当表示“脱下”时，代词（it, them）必须放在中间。想象成把代词“夹”在中间：Take it off.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：Take off（脱下和起飞）

💡

The 'With' Rule

If you mention a name or a pronoun (him/her/them) after the verb, you MUST use 'with'. If you stop the sentence after the verb, don't use 'with'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)

💡

The 'Of' Rule

Always remember the 'of' in 'run out of'. If there is a noun following it, 'of' is mandatory. 'We ran out of gas' (Correct) vs 'We ran out gas' (Incorrect).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：Run (Into, Out of, Away)

💡

想象“跨过去”

想象困难就在你身后。get over 就像你跨过了终点线，把挑战甩在过去："Imagine you've already got over the hurdle."

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Get over (恢复 & 克服)

核心词汇 (5)

Authentic Real and genuine Harmony Working well together Recovery Returning to health Unexpected Not planned Complexity Having many parts

Real-World Preview

coffee

A Morning Coffee

Review Summary

Verb + Particle
Verb + Adverb
Run + Preposition
Get + Over
Pick + Up
Catch + Up
Turn + Down
Run + Into
Break + Down
Carry + Out

常见错误

Run into is for people, not physical objects.

Wrong: I ran into the door.

正确: I bumped into the door.

Separable phrasal verbs often sound more natural with the object in the middle.

Wrong: I take off my hat.

正确: I take my hat off.

Get over is usually for emotional situations or long-term issues, not minor colds.

Wrong: I got over my cold yesterday.

正确: I recovered from my cold yesterday.

本章规则 (10)

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job! Keep practicing these in your daily speech to lock them in.

Listen to a podcast and note 3 phrasal verbs

Continue to: 地道社交指南：像母语者一样开口表达

快速练习 (10)

Find the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

We are going to run into for coffee tomorrow at 10 AM.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: run into

You cannot 'run into' someone for a planned meeting. Use 'meet' instead.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 偶然遇到 (Run into)

找出并修正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

She decided to turn down it, even though it was a good offer.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She decided to turn it down, even though it was a good offer.

像 'it' 这样的代词总是放在 'turn' 和 'down' 之间。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Turn Down (音量与拒绝)

Fill in the missing preposition.

I don't get along ___ my new roommate.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: with

We use 'with' to connect 'get along' to the person.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)

Choose the correct form of the verb.

My sister and I ___ very well when we were children.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: got along

The sentence refers to the past ('when we were children'), so we use 'got'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 相处融洽 (短语动词: Get along/on)

选择正确的形式完成句子。

My computer suddenly ___ in the middle of my online class.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: broke down

这里需要使用过去式 'broke down'，表示电脑在课上突然停止运转了。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 理解 'Break down'（停止运作与解释说明）

找出并修正错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

She will carry it out the task.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She will carry out the task.

当宾语是名词（the task）时，carry out 通常连在一起。如果用代词 'it'，才需要放在中间。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 执行任务 (Carry out)

Choose the correct past tense form.

Yesterday, I ___ into my old boss at the supermarket.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ran

The past tense of 'run' is 'ran'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：Run (Into, Out of, Away)

选择正确的形式

Can you ___ the book for me?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: pick up

短语动词 pick up 在这里表示拿起或捡起一个物体。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词: Pick up (捡起，接送，接听)

找出并修正句子中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

Can you break down it for me, this math problem is hard.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Can you break it down for me, this math problem is hard.

当 'break down' 表示解释且使用代词 'it' 时，代词必须放在 break 和 down 之间。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 理解 'Break down'（停止运作与解释说明）

选择正确的形式完成句子。

The plane will ___ at 3 PM.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: take off

当指飞机起飞时，'take off' 是一个不可拆分的短语动词。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短语动词：Take off（脱下和起飞）

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

主要有两个：一个是“脱掉”衣服或饰品，比如

take off your shoes

；另一个是“起飞”或“离开”，比如

the plane took off

。

不一定，这取决于意思！当表示“脱下”物体时（如

take your hat off

），它是可以拆分的。但当表示“起飞”或“成功”时，它是不可拆分的，所以你会说

the show took off

。

Use get along when the people involved are the subject (e.g., 'We get along'). Use get along with when you want to name the other person at the end (e.g., 'I get along with him').

It is neutral. You can use it in a business meeting or with your friends. However, in very formal writing, you might use cooperate or maintain a relationship.

No, run out of is only for supplies or resources. If you mean you don't want to see them anymore, you might say I've run out of patience with my friend.

They mean the same thing! Bump into is slightly more informal, but both describe meeting someone by surprise.